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Yang H, Li Y, Xin L, Teng SW, Pang S, Zhao H, Cao Y, Zhou X. MCSNet+: Enhanced Convolutional Neural Network for Detection and Classification of Tribolium and Sitophilus Sibling Species in Actual Wheat Storage Environments. Foods 2023; 12:3653. [PMID: 37835306 PMCID: PMC10572206 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insect pests like Tribolium and Sitophilus siblings are major threats to grain storage and processing, causing quality and quantity losses that endanger food security. These closely related species, having very similar morphological and biological characteristics, often exhibit variations in biology and pesticide resistance, complicating control efforts. Accurate pest species identification is essential for effective control, but workplace safety in the grain bin associated with grain deterioration, clumping, fumigator hazards, and air quality create challenges. Therefore, there is a pressing need for an online automated detection system. In this work, we enriched the stored-grain pest sibling image dataset, which includes 25,032 annotated Tribolium samples of two species and five geographical strains from real warehouse and another 1774 from the lab. As previously demonstrated on the Sitophilus family, Convolutional Neural Networks demonstrate distinct advantages over other model architectures in detecting Tribolium. Our CNN model, MCSNet+, integrates Soft-NMS for better recall in dense object detection, a Position-Sensitive Prediction Model to handle translation issues, and anchor parameter fine-tuning for improved matching and speed. This approach significantly enhances mean Average Precision (mAP) for Sitophilus and Tribolium, reaching a minimum of 92.67 ± 1.74% and 94.27 ± 1.02%, respectively. Moreover, MCSNet+ exhibits significant improvements in prediction speed, advancing from 0.055 s/img to 0.133 s/img, and elevates the recognition rates of moving insect sibling species in real wheat storage and visible light, rising from 2.32% to 2.53%. The detection performance of the model on laboratory-captured images surpasses that of real storage facilities, with better results for Tribolium compared to Sitophilus. Although inter-strain variances are less pronounced, the model achieves acceptable detection results across different Tribolium geographical strains, with a minimum recognition rate of 82.64 ± 1.27%. In real-time monitoring videos of grain storage facilities with wheat backgrounds, the enhanced deep learning model based on Convolutional Neural Networks successfully detects and identifies closely related stored-grain pest images. This achievement provides a viable solution for establishing an online pest management system in real storage facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Yang
- Department of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China;
- Institute for Grain Storage & Logistics, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Liaoning University of Technology, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Yanyu Li
- Institute for Grain Storage & Logistics, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
- China-Australia Joint Centre for Postharvest Grain Biosecurity and Quality Research, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Liyong Xin
- Sinograin Tianjin Dongli Depot Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, China;
| | - Shyh Wei Teng
- Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mount Helen, VIC 3350, Australia; (S.W.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Shaoning Pang
- Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mount Helen, VIC 3350, Australia; (S.W.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Huiyi Zhao
- Institute for Grain Storage & Logistics, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
- China-Australia Joint Centre for Postharvest Grain Biosecurity and Quality Research, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Institute for Grain Storage & Logistics, Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China; (H.Z.); (Y.C.)
- China-Australia Joint Centre for Postharvest Grain Biosecurity and Quality Research, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhou
- Department of Automation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China;
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Wakil W, Kavallieratos NG, Ghazanfar MU, Usman M. Laboratory and field studies on the combined application of Beauveria bassiana and fipronil against four major stored-product coleopteran insect pests. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:34912-34929. [PMID: 35040065 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the current study we have tested the application of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) alone and in combination with fipronil at two doses against Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae), Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) under laboratory and field conditions. At laboratory conditions, the combination of B. bassiana with the highest dose of fipronil produced the highest mortality. At different temperatures, mortality was increased with the increase in temperature. Maximum mortality was observed at 30 °C, followed by 25 °C and 20 °C for all tested species. Different treatments significantly reduced the progeny number in comparison to control groups for all tested species at all temperatures. In the persistence trial, all treatments that included the combinations of B. bassiana with fipronil produced significantly higher mortalities than the single treatments for all tested species over a period of 6 months. Furthermore, all treatments significantly reduced the number of progenies of all insect species in comparison with the control groups over the same storage period. In field trials, mortalities of all tested insect species were significantly higher on wheat treated with B. bassiana, fipronil, or their combinations than on controls for an entire storage period of 180 days. Overall, R. dominica was found the most susceptible species followed by S. granarius, T. castaneum, and T. granarium. The findings of the current study suggest that the use of B. bassiana and fipronil as grain protectants may provide elevated control against major stored-grain insect species during a prolonged period of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Wakil
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Nickolas G Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece.
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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Shaurub ESH, Abou Gharsa GM, Sabbour MM. Sustainability of development, survivability, and biomass are a function of temperature and diet: implications in Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with benefits for its management strategy. INVERTEBR REPROD DEV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07924259.2021.2025160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Magda M. Sabbour
- National Research Center, Agricultural and Biological Research Division, Department of Pests and Plant Protection, Giza, Egypt
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Skourti A, Kavallieratos NG, Papanikolaou NE. Demographic responses of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to different temperatures in soft wheat flour. J Therm Biol 2022; 103:103162. [PMID: 35027205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the most dangerous insects of a wide spectrum of stored products around the globe. The population growth of this species is affected by temperature. However, there are no data on comparative demographic parameters (i.e., net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, mean generation time and doubling time) in different temperatures, parameters that allow the in-depth exploration of its survival, mortality and reproduction patterns. This study evaluated egg-to-adult development, adult mortality and female fecundity on white soft wheat flour at 20, 25, 30 and 32.5 °C. The net reproductive rate increased from 0.08 females/female at 20 °C to 11.77 females/female at 25 °C and 102.07 females/female at 30 °C, followed by a decrease to 10.73 females/female at 32.5 °C. The lowest values of the intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase were observed at 20 °C (- 0.0105 females/female/day and 0.9895, respectively) and the highest at 30 °C (0.0348 females/female/day and 1.0354, respectively). While the mean generation time did not differ significantly between 20 and 25 °C (249.9 and 225.5 days, respectively), this decreased to 132.8 and 115.1 days at 30 and 32.5 °C, respectively. The value of the doubling time was negative at 20 °C (- 67.5 days), increased to 19.9, 34.0 and 63.9 days at 30, 32.5 and 25 °C, respectively. Using the non-linear Briere model, the lower threshold for T. castaneum population increase was estimated to be 22.2 °C, the upper threshold at 33.2 °C, and the temperature for maximum growth rate was 30.1 °C. Survival analysis indicated that temperature also affected the mortality risk of T. castaneum. The mean survival time increased from 112.1 days at 20 °C to 462.4 days at 25 °C, followed by a decrease to 206.5 and 64.5 days at 30 and 32.5 °C, respectively. We expect these results to be useful for the prediction of the population growth, the potential expansion and consequently management of T. castaneum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Skourti
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Nickolas G Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece.
| | - Nikos E Papanikolaou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece; Greek Ministry of Rural Development and Food, 150 Sygrou Avenue, 17671, Athens, Attica, Greece
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Kavallieratos NG, Nika EP, Skourti A, Ntalli N, Boukouvala MC, Ntalaka CT, Maggi F, Rakotosaona R, Cespi M, Perinelli DR, Canale A, Bonacucina G, Benelli G. Developing a Hazomalania voyronii Essential Oil Nanoemulsion for the Eco-Friendly Management of Tribolium confusum, Tribolium castaneum and Tenebrio molitor Larvae and Adults on Stored Wheat. Molecules 2021; 26:1812. [PMID: 33806970 PMCID: PMC8004781 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most insecticides commonly used in storage facilities are synthetic, an issue that generates concerns about food safety and public health. Therefore, the development of eco-friendly pest management tools is urgently needed. In the present study, a 6% (w/w) Hazomalania voyronii essential oil-based nanoemulsion (HvNE) was developed and evaluated for managing Tribolium confusum, T. castaneum, and Tenebrio molitor, as an eco-friendly wheat protectant. Larval and adult mortality was evaluated after 4, 8, and 16 h, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days, testing two HvNE concentrations (500 ppm and 1000 ppm). T. confusum and T. castaneum adults and T. molitor larvae were tolerant to both concentrations of the HvNE, reaching 13.0%, 18.7%, and 10.3% mortality, respectively, at 1000 ppm after 7 days of exposure. However, testing HvNE at 1000 ppm, the mortality of T. confusum and T. castaneum larvae and T. molitor adults 7 days post-exposure reached 92.1%, 97.4%, and 100.0%, respectively. Overall, the HvNE can be considered as an effective adulticide or larvicide, depending on the target species. Our results highlight the potential of H. voyronii essential oil for developing green nanoinsecticides to be used in real-world conditions against key stored-product pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nickolas G. Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece; (E.P.N.); (A.S.); (M.C.B.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Erifili P. Nika
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece; (E.P.N.); (A.S.); (M.C.B.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Anna Skourti
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece; (E.P.N.); (A.S.); (M.C.B.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Nikoletta Ntalli
- Laboratory of Efficacy Assessment of Pesticides, Scientific Directorate of Pesticides’ Assessment and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 Stefanou Delta Str., 14561 Kifissia, Attica, Greece;
| | - Maria C. Boukouvala
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece; (E.P.N.); (A.S.); (M.C.B.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Catherine T. Ntalaka
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos Str., 11855 Athens, Attica, Greece; (E.P.N.); (A.S.); (M.C.B.); (C.T.N.)
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (F.M.); (M.C.); (D.R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Rianasoambolanoro Rakotosaona
- Centre National d’Application de Recherches Pharmaceutiques, Ambodivoanjo Ambohijatovo, Rue RP Rahajarizafy Analamahitsy, BP 702, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar;
- Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique d’Antananarivo, University of Antananarivo, BP 1500, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Marco Cespi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (F.M.); (M.C.); (D.R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Diego Romano Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (F.M.); (M.C.); (D.R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.C.); (G.B.)
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (F.M.); (M.C.); (D.R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.C.); (G.B.)
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Debbabi H, El Mokni R, Nardoni S, Chaieb I, Maggi F, Nzekoue FK, Caprioli G, Hammami S. Chemical diversity and biological activities of essential oils from native populations of Clinopodium menthifolium subsp. ascendens (Jord.) Govaerts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:13624-13633. [PMID: 33190203 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study is focused on the analysis of regional variation of the chemical compositions of three Clinopodium menthifolium subsp. ascendens (Jord.) Govaerts Tunisian accession, as well as their inhibition toward fungi and insect pests. The diversity of the chemical constituents and biological activities in front of the aforementioned variations was found to be remarkable. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 41, 42, and 30 compounds were identified respectively from Clinopodium menthifolium essential oils harvested from three Tunisian regions, namely Ain-Draham (ADEO), Babouch (BEO), and Tabarka (TEO). All analyzed oils were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes with different major constituents. Piperitenone (34.5%), cis-piperitone oxide (26.1%), and pulegone (47.9%) were the dominant compounds in the three volatile oils, respectively. The antifungal activity was investigated in vitro using six targeted fungal strains (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes). The toxicity and repellency of essential oils were evaluated against the stored product pest Tribolium confusum. The tested samples were differently effective toward the target fungi and the pest depending on the variability of their chemical compositions. BEO exhibited the highest fungitoxic properties toward A. terreus mold, M. canis dermatophyte, and C. albicans yeast (the MIC values ranged from 40 to 400 μg mL-1). In addition, the data showed that TEO repelled T. confusum moderately (PR = 42.5% at 2 h after exposure). Concerning the contact treatment, both ADEO and BEO were proved to possess slightly toxic effects toward T. confusum pest (% of mortality 27.5-32.5% at 5% concentration). The results showed that the geographic origin greatly influenced the chemical composition and the associated bioactivities of Clinopodium menthifolium subsp. ascendens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haïfa Debbabi
- Research Unit 13ES63, Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ridha El Mokni
- Department Pharmaceutical Sciences "A", Laboratory of Botany, Cryptogamy and Plant Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, BP 207 Avenue Avicenna, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- IRESA, Laboratory of Forest Ecology, I.N.R.G.R.E.F, BP N°10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Simona Nardoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Pisa, 56124, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Ikbal Chaieb
- Regional Centre of Research on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, University of Sousse, 57, Chott Mariem, TN-4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Filippo Maggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Franks Kamgang Nzekoue
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Saoussen Hammami
- Research Unit 13ES63, Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Papanikolaou NE, Kavallieratos NG, Boukouvala MC, Malesios C. (Quasi)-Binomial vs. Gaussian Models to Evaluate Thiamethoxam, Pirimiphos-Methyl, Alpha-Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin on Different Types of Storage Bag Materials Against Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). INSECTS 2021; 12:182. [PMID: 33669999 PMCID: PMC7926401 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are worldwide spread and notorious organisms of numerous stored-products. Both species are dangerous for bagged commodities as penetrators and invaders. The aim of the current study was to examine the efficacy of thiamethoxam, pirimiphos-methyl, alpha-cypermethrin, and deltamethrin, against E. kuehniella and T. confusum larvae, on different types of storage bag materials, i.e., woven propylene, biaxially oriented polypropylene and kraft paper through a (quasi)-binomial modeling approach. The type of the tested storage bag material did not affect the mortality rates of both species when treated with the tested insecticides. Thiamethoxam and pirimiphos-methyl showed statistically significant higher mortality rates on E. kuehniella and T. confusum (beta coefficient = 0.141; p-value < 0.05) compared to alpha-cypermethrin and deltamethrin. In addition, T. confusum exhibited significantly higher mortality rate in comparison to E. kuehniella. Our results also showed that the tested doses and surface treatments had a significant effect on the mortality E. kuehniella and T. confusum larvae. Significantly higher mortality rates were recorded when larvae were exposed on bag materials having both surfaces treated or on the single treated surface than when they were exposed on the untreated surface. Our findings can be useful towards an effective management strategy against stored-product insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikos E. Papanikolaou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.G.K.); (M.C.B.)
- Directorate of Plant Produce Protection, Greek Ministry of Rural Development and Food, 150 Sygrou Ave., 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Nickolas G. Kavallieratos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.G.K.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Maria C. Boukouvala
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece; (N.G.K.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Chrisovalantis Malesios
- Laboratory of Political Economy and European Integration, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece;
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