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AlAnazi MM, Ventura EF, Lovegrove JA, Vimaleswaran KS. A Systematic Review of the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions on Metabolic Disease-Related Outcomes in Arab Populations. Nutrients 2024; 16:2519. [PMID: 39125399 PMCID: PMC11314532 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The increased prevalence of metabolic diseases in the Arab countries is mainly associated with genetic susceptibility, lifestyle behaviours, such as physical inactivity, and an unhealthy diet. The objective of this review was to investigate and summarise the findings of the gene-lifestyle interaction studies on metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes in Arab populations. Relevant articles were retrieved from a literature search on PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar starting at the earliest indexing date through to January 2024. Articles that reported an interaction between gene variants and diet or physical activity were included and excluded if no interaction was investigated or if they were conducted among a non-Arab population. In total, five articles were included in this review. To date, among three out of twenty-two Arab populations, fourteen interactions have been found between the FTO rs9939609, TCF7L2 rs7903146, MC4R rs17782313, and MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphisms and diet or physical activity on obesity and type 2 diabetes outcomes. The majority of the reported gene-diet/ gene-physical activity interactions (twelve) appeared only once in the review. Consequently, replication, comparisons, and generalisation of the findings are limited due to the sample size, study designs, dietary assessment tools, statistical analysis, and genetic heterogeneity of the studied sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. AlAnazi
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (M.M.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Eduard Flores Ventura
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology—Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (M.M.A.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (M.M.A.); (J.A.L.)
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AH, UK
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2
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Sadeghi Y, Naghash M, Poustchi H, Alvand S, Gandomkar A, Molavi Vardanjani H, Malekzadeh F, Boffetta P, Abnet CC, Freedman ND, Malekzadeh R, Etemadi A. Prevalence and Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Among Waterpipe Users. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1607156. [PMID: 39056061 PMCID: PMC11269743 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1607156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the associations between waterpipe use, duration, and intensity of use with prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome and its components (increased waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting glucose, blood pressure and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Methods We conducted cross-sectional and prospective analyses using data from the Pars Cohort Study in southern Iran, encompassing 9,264 participants at the baseline, and 5,002 randomly selected in a repeated follow-up. We used multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, wealth score, physical activity and cigarette pack-years to report odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Among 9,264 participants, 3,119 (33.7%) had metabolic syndrome, and 3,482 (37.6%) had ever smoked waterpipe, with both more common in women than in men. In adjusted models, former waterpipe use was significantly associated with prevalence (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.23-1.68) and incidence (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.19-2.06) of the metabolic syndrome while current waterpipe use was not. Past use was associated with increased risk in all components of metabolic syndrome; current use was associated with increases in all except high blood glucose and hypertension. Past waterpipe users had higher waterpipe use intensity (before quitting) in comparison with current users (2.3 vs. 2.0 waterpipes per day, p < 0.01) and had started waterpipe smoking at a younger age (27.2 vs. 30.1 years, p < 0.01). Conclusion Waterpipe use was associated with metabolic syndrome and its components, especially among former users potentially due to higher intensity and earlier initiation of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Sadeghi
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdokht Naghash
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Poustchi
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Alvand
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdullah Gandomkar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Molavi Vardanjani
- Medical Doctorate-Master of Public Health (MD-MPH) Program, School of Medicine, Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Cancer Center, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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Jamali Z, Ayoobi F, Jalali Z, Bidaki R, Lotfi MA, Esmaeili-Nadimi A, Khalili P. Metabolic syndrome: a population-based study of prevalence and risk factors. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3987. [PMID: 38368464 PMCID: PMC10874377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between personal habits and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS among youths and its association with cigarette, tobacco, opium, and alcohol consumption in the Rafsanjan Youth Cohort Study (RYCS). The current cross-sectional study was based on data from RYCS, as part of the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS). RCS is a branch of the prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN). In the present study, 2843 youths aged 15-35 were included. MetS was diagnosed using the international diabetes federation (International IDF), National Cholesterol Education Panel- Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII), and Iranian criteria (IDF Iranian). Binary logistic regression models were performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs). The prevalence of MetS was 7.67%, 7.14%, and 10.13% based on NCEP-ATPIII, IDF Iranian, and International IDF criteria respectively. The odds of MetS according to international IDF and Iranian IDF in the alcohol-drinking group in the last 12 months (OR: 1.51, 95%CI 1.02-2.21, OR: 1.66, 95%CI 1.11-2.48 respectively) were greater compared with the non-drinking group. The odds of having high TG in the alcohol-drinking group in the last 12 months was 1.53 times higher than the control group (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.20-1.94). Furthermore, the odds of having high waist circumference (WC) according to IDF International was significantly higher in the tobacco-smoking group in the last 12 months and in the tobacco-smoking group in the last 12 months daily (OR: 1.23, 95%CI 1.01-1.49 and OR: 1.41, 95%CI 1.01-1.98 respectively) compared to the control groups. The prevalence of MetS was 7.67%, 7.14%, and 10.13% based on NCEP-ATPIII, IDF Iranian, and International IDF criteria respectively. The odds of MetS and high TG were greater in the alcohol-drinking group in the last 12 months compared with the non-drinking group. The odds of high WC in the last 12 months, were greater in the tobacco-smoking group compared with the non-smoking group. However, more longitudinal studies are needed to verify the associations observed in the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jamali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Niknafs Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ayoobi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICO, World Safety Organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Moradi Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Zahra Jalali
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Reza Bidaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Fellowship of Neuropsychiatry, Research Center of Addiction and Behavioral Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Lotfi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital (CRDU), Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Esmaeili-Nadimi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Parvin Khalili
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Bagherpour‐Kalo M, Jones ME, Darabi P, Hosseini M. Water pipe smoking and stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3357. [PMID: 38376055 PMCID: PMC10761326 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite the damaging effects of water pipe on physical health, there is little information about the potential harmful effects of this tobacco on stroke. This study aims to investigate the relationship between water pipe smoking and stroke. METHOD A systematic review was conducted including Ovid SP, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases with focus on cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies. We reviewed all studies reporting on water pipe smoking and stroke. The funnel plot and the Egger regression test were used to assess publication bias. RESULTS In the four eligible studies, there were a total of 2759 participants that 555 patients had at least once experienced stroke. Meta-analysis revealed positive association between water pipe smoking and stroke with pooled adjusted OR 2.79 (95% CI: 1.74-3.84;I 2 = 0 , p = . 741 ${I^2}\; = \;\;0,{\mathrm{\;}}p\;\; = {\mathrm{\;\;}}.741$ ) and the funnel plot shows asymmetry publication bias. CONCLUSIONS We found a higher effect of water pipe smoking on stroke compared to cigarette smoking and concluded that water pipe increases the risk of stroke by 2.79. Hence, because most of the water pipe consumer society is young, especially women, policies and decisions need to be taken to control the supply of this tobacco to the market and more provide education on the health problem of water pipe smoking. IMPLICATIONS This study provides a higher effect of water pipe smoking on stroke. Physicians and researchers who intend to study in the field of stroke should better examine the effects of water pipe (including time of use, dose-response, long-term effects, and risk factors) on stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Bagherpour‐Kalo
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Michael E Jones
- Division of Genetics and EpidemiologyThe Institute of Cancer ResearchLondonUK
| | - Parvaneh Darabi
- Department of BiostatisticsSchool of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Patil S, Mahuli AV, Warnakulasuriya S. Effects of smoking shisha, cancer risk, and strategies for prevention of shisha habit. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2022; 12:439-443. [PMID: 35664951 PMCID: PMC9160343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking tobacco through a water pipe, also referred to as Shisha, is prevalent in Middle Eastern countries but has gained popularity worldwide, especially among youth. The increasing global trend of shisha use is mainly led by misleading information about it being safe. The shisha smoke has potentially harmful chemicals, including several human carcinogens and other toxic products. There are recognised adverse effects on passive smokers exposed to second-hand smoke. It is a potential risk factor for several cancers and risks pregnant women and the foetus. A session of shisha smoking for 40 minutes is equivalent to smoking 100 or more cigarettes. There should be awareness about Shisha's harmful effects to reduce the risk to health through a coordinated global effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amit Vasant Mahuli
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dental Institute, RIMS, Ranchi, India
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK
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Alkeilani AA, Khalil AA, Azzan AM, Al-Khal NA, Al-Nabit NH, Talab OM, Al-Hajri RA, Rahmoon SM, Ashour AA, Gupta I, Al Moustafa AE. Association between waterpipe smoking and obesity: Population-based study in Qatar. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:06. [PMID: 35125989 PMCID: PMC8788307 DOI: 10.18332/tid/143878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade obesity prevalence has been increasing rapidly in the Gulf region (GR) including Qatar, becoming one of the major health issues in the region. Concomitantly, waterpipe (WP) smoking is increasing worldwide especially in the GR, and although the effect of cigarette smoking on body weight is well-established, studies indicating an association between WP smoking and obesity are scarce. Thus, we explored the association between WP smoking and obesity in comparison with cigarette smokers and healthy population in Qatar. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using data from Qatar Biobank and analyzed anthropometric measurements among 879 adults (aged 18-65 years) that included WP smokers, cigarette smokers, dual smokers and never smokers. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and reported as lean mass, fat mass, and body fat percentage. RESULTS Overall, 12% (n=108) were WP smokers, 22% (n=196) were cigarette smokers, 9% (n=77) smoked both WP and cigarettes and 57% (n=498) were never smokers. Age, sex, history of diabetes, and hypertension, in addition to nationality were considered as confounding factors. Our analysis revealed that WP smokers had a significantly higher BMI (kg/m2) and fat mass when compared with cigarette smokers (p<0.05). Moreover, compared to cigarette smoking, WP smoking had a higher significant effect on BMI (β=3.8, SE=0.38; and β=5.5, SE=0.46; respectively), and fat mass (β=5.1, SE=0.79; and β=9.0, SE=0.97; respectively). However, WP users were similar to never-smokers in terms of body fat percent. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that compared to never smokers, daily WP users have higher BMI and fat mass, and are likely to be obese.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Afaf M. Azzan
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noof A. Al-Khal
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noora H. Al-Nabit
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar M. Talab
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahaf A. Al-Hajri
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Anas A. Ashour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, Qatar University Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Althumiri NA, Basyouni MH, AlMousa N, AlJuwaysim MF, Alhamdan AA, Al-Qahtani FS, BinDhim NF, Alqahtani SA. Exploring Weight Stigma in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9141. [PMID: 34501731 PMCID: PMC8430631 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight stigma (WS) in the Middle East, especially in Saudi Arabia, is widely ignored. People with obesity are blamed for their weight, and there is a common perception that weight stigmatization is justifiable and may motivate individuals to adopt healthier behaviors. The authors of this study aimed to explore WS prevalence and factors associated with WS in a large nationwide study of Saudi Arabian adults. METHODS This study was a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted via phone interviews in June 2020. A proportional quota-sampling technique was adopted to obtain equal distributions of participants by age and sex across the 13 regions of Saudi Arabia. In total, 6239 people were contacted, and 4709 (75.48%) responded and completed the interview. The authors of the study collected data about WS using the Arabic Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ), BMI, smoking, nutritional knowledge, bariatric surgery, risk of depression, and demographic variables. RESULTS Participants had a mean age of 36.4 ± 13.5 (18-90), and 50.1% were female. The prevalence of higher WS was 46.4%. Among other risk factors, there was a significant association between WS and obesity (odds ratio (OR): 3.93; 95% CI: 2.83-5.44; p < 0.001), waterpipe smoking (OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.20-2.69; p < 0.001), bariatric surgery (OR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.53-2.81; p < 0.001), and risk of depression (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.36-2.09; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This was the first study to explore WS and its associated factors among adults in a community setting in Saudi Arabia. This study revealed some risk factors associated with WS that may help to identify people at risk of WS and to develop interventions to reduce WS, such as improving nutritional knowledge, correcting the ideas about bariatric surgery and obesity in general, and ceasing waterpipe smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A. Althumiri
- Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh 13326, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.B.); (N.A.); (M.F.A.); (N.F.B.)
| | - Mada H. Basyouni
- Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh 13326, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.B.); (N.A.); (M.F.A.); (N.F.B.)
- Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah AlMousa
- Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh 13326, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.B.); (N.A.); (M.F.A.); (N.F.B.)
- Public Health College, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed F. AlJuwaysim
- Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh 13326, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.B.); (N.A.); (M.F.A.); (N.F.B.)
- Pharmacy College, King Faisal University, AlAhsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel A. Alhamdan
- Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faisal Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nasser F. BinDhim
- Sharik Association for Health Research, Riyadh 13326, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.B.); (N.A.); (M.F.A.); (N.F.B.)
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh 13513, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Alqahtani
- Liver Transplant Unit, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Ebrahimi Kalan M, Bahelah R, Bursac Z, Ben Taleb Z, DiFranza JR, Tleis M, Nakkash R, Jebai R, Alam MM, Cano MÁ, Sutherland MT, Fenni K, Asfar T, Eissenberg T, Ward KD, Maziak W. Predictors of nicotine dependence among adolescent waterpipe and cigarette smokers: A 6-year longitudinal analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 217:108346. [PMID: 33075692 PMCID: PMC7861130 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identifying the factors associated with nicotine dependence (ND) is essential to prevent initiation and continued use, and to promote cessation among youth. This study aims to document the predictors of the appearance of initial ND symptoms and full ND syndrome among adolescent waterpipe (WP) and cigarette smokers. METHODS A 6-year longitudinal study was conducted among 8th and 9th graders from 38 schools in Lebanon. The analysis sample included exclusive-WP (n = 228) and exclusive-cigarette smokers (n = 139). Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to characterizing predictors of initial ND symptoms and full ND syndrome. RESULTS Predictors of experiencing initial ND symptoms among WP smokers included low maternal educational level, having a sibling who smoked WP, low physical activity, high body mass index (BMI), smoking initiation at a younger age. For cigarette smokers these were being male, younger, having lower BMI, having a sibling who smoked cigarettes, living in a crowded household, and smoking daily. Among WP smokers, predictors of developing full ND syndrome include being younger, believing that WP smokers have more friends, depression, high levels of impulsivity, and initiating smoking at a younger age. For cigarette smokers, predictors of full ND syndrome were being younger and initiating smoking at a younger age. CONCLUSION Smoking cessation and prevention interventions targeting youth should address modifiable, and tobacco use-specific factors that influence the development of ND among young WP and cigarette smokers. They also need to start at a younger age to target those most vulnerable to developing life-long addiction to tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Raed Bahelah
- School of Health Sciences, Baldwin Wallace University, Kamm Hall, 191 E Center St, Berea, OH 44017, USA
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St AHC5, 4th Floor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Ziyad Ben Taleb
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, 411 S. Nedderman Drive Box 19407, Arlington, Texas 76019-0407, USA
| | - Joseph R DiFranza
- Reliant Medical Group, 225 New Lancaster Rd, Leominster, MA 01453, USA
| | - Malak Tleis
- Health Promotion and Community Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street. P.O. Box 11-0236. Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rima Nakkash
- Health Promotion and Community Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Bliss Street. P.O. Box 11-0236. Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rime Jebai
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Mohammad Masudul Alam
- Center for the Study of Tobacco, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Miguel Ángel Cano
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Matthew T Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, 11101 S.W. 13 ST., Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Kristopher Fenni
- Division of Natural Sciences, New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Road Sarasota, FL 34243, FL, USA
| | - Taghrid Asfar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 120 NW 14th Street, CRB 919, Miami, FL 3313, USA; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1475 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria
| | - Thomas Eissenberg
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria; Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 100 W. Franklin St. Suite 200, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Kenneth D Ward
- Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria; School of Public Health, University of Memphis, 3720 Alumni Ave, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Wasim Maziak
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8thSt AHC5, 4thFloor, Miami, FL, 33199, USA; Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Tishreen Street, SheehanAleppo, P.O.Box: 16542, Syria
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Ghoch ME, Shamieh SE. Is There a Link Between Nutrition, Genetics, and Cardiovascular Disease? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7030033. [PMID: 32867398 PMCID: PMC7570096 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7030033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of disorders that mainly include coronary, cerebrovascular and rheumatic heart diseases [1].[...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan El Ghoch
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
- Correspondence:
| | - Said El Shamieh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon;
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Effects of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking on the Spirometric Profile of University Students in Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Can Respir J 2020; 2020:5949834. [PMID: 32676133 PMCID: PMC7336226 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5949834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Waterpipe smoking in young individuals is increasing with limited studies addressing its respiratory health effects. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of waterpipe smoking on young adults' lung functions. Spirometric parameters were compared between waterpipe smokers and nonsmokers. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study of university students, including males and females, was conducted. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to record students' characteristics. The spirometry test was performed to assess students' lung functions; we recorded the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of FVC (FEF25–75%). Results A total of 300 apparently healthy students (150 waterpipe smokers and 150 nonsmokers) were included in the study. Waterpipe smokers showed significantly lower values in FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, PEF, and FEF25–75% compared to the nonsmoker group (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). The subgroup analysis on female students (50 WP smokers and 50 nonsmokers) showed a significant decrease in FEV1/FVC ratio, PEF, and FEF25–75% parameters (P < 0.001). Conclusion Waterpipe smoking is associated with reduced spirometric parameters in healthy young adults with relatively limited smoking years.
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Kreidieh D, Itani L, Tannir H, El Masri D, El Ghoch M. Sarcopenic Obesity Predicts Early Attrition in Treatment-Seeking Patients with Obesity: A Longitudinal Pilot Study. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7010005. [PMID: 32012690 PMCID: PMC7151049 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Attrition is a major cause of failure in obesity treatment, which is still not fully understood. The identification of factors related to this outcome is of clinical relevance. We aimed to assess the relationship between sarcopenic obesity (SO) and early attrition. Early attrition was assessed at six months, and two groups of patients were selected from a large cohort of participants with overweight or obesity enrolled at the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Beirut Arab University (Lebanon). Body composition was measured using a bioimpedance analyser (Tanita BC-418) and participants at baseline were categorized as having or not having SO. The “dropout group” included 72 participants (cases) compared to 31 participants (controls) in the “completer group”, with the former displaying a higher prevalence of SO than the latter (51.0% vs. 25.8%; p = 0.016). In the same direction, Poisson regression analysis showed that SO increased the relative risk of dropout by nearly 150% (RR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.10–1.89; p = 0.007) after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), age at first dieting, sedentary habits and weight-loss expectation. In conclusion, in a “real-world” outpatient clinical setting, the presence of SO at baseline increases the risk of dropout at six months. New directions of future research should be focused on identifying new strategies to reduce the attrition rate in this population.
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Itani L, Kreidieh D, El Masri D, Tannir H, El Ghoch M. The Impact of Sarcopenic Obesity on Health-Related Quality of Life of Treatment-Seeking Patients with Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:635-640. [PMID: 32072914 DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200211102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of studies on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and sarcopenic obesity (SO). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the potential association between SO and impaired HRQoL. METHODS The ORWELL 97 questionnaire was used to assess HRQoL and body composition was measured using a bioimpedance analyser (Tanita BC-418) in 130 patients with obesity, referred to the Nutritional and Weight Management outpatient clinic of Beirut Arab University in Lebanon. Participants were then categorized on the basis of the absence or presence of SO. RESULTS Sixty-four of the 130 participants met the criteria for SO (49.2%) and displayed significantly higher total ORWELL 97 scores than those in the group without SO (64.00 vs. 41.00, p=0.001), indicative of poorer HRQoL. Linear regression analysis showed that SO was associated with an increase in ORWELL 97 scores by nearly 24 units (β=24.35, 95% CI=11.45-37.26; p<0.0001). Moreover, the logistic regression analysis showed that SO increased the odds of clinically significant impairment of HRQoL (ORWELL 97 score ≥74.25) by nearly seven-fold (OR=7.37, 95% CI=1.92-28.39; p=0.004). CONCLUSION Our findings show that the presence of SO was associated with increased impairment of HRQoL that reaches clinical significance when compared to obesity only. Future studies are needed to clarify whether this may influence clinical outcomes. If this is shown to be the case, weight management programs should incorporate additional strategies to improve HRQoL in individuals with SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Itani
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dima Kreidieh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Dana El Masri
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hana Tannir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan El Ghoch
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 11-5020 Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
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