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Atzeni A, Díaz-López A, Cacho AH, Babio N, García-Gavilán JF, Cornejo-Pareja I, Belzer C, Fitó M, Tinahones FJ, Salas-Salvadó J. Gut microbiota dynamics and association with chronic kidney disease: A longitudinal study within the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Life Sci 2024; 351:122863. [PMID: 38908788 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a global health concern, disproportionately affecting the elderly with heightened cardiovascular risk. The emerging focus on the gut microbiota's role in CKD pathophysiology represents a pivotal area in nephrology; however, the evidence on this topic is limited. This observational prospective study, in the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus trial, investigates associations between gut microbiota composition and the 1-year trajectory of CKD in 343 participants aged 55-75 years with high cardiovascular risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS Kidney function was assessed at baseline and at 1-year of follow-up through the estimated glomerular filtration rate based on cystatin C (eGFR-CysC) and CKD defined by eGFR-CysC <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Participants were grouped based on their 1-year CKD trajectory: Group 1 maintained normal status or improved from CKD to normal, while Group 2 maintained CKD or worsened from normal to CKD. Fecal microbiota composition was assessed through 16S sequencing. KEY FINDINGS We observed differences in gut microbiota composition between CKD trajectory groups. Notably, the baseline relative abundance of Lachnoclostridium and Lachnospira, both butyrate-producing genera, was lower in participants maintaining or progressing to CKD. Longitudinally, a decrease in Lachnospira abundance was associated with CKD progression. The improved Chao1 index after 1-year follow-up suggests a link between enhanced microbial richness and stable/better kidney function. SIGNIFICANCE The findings underscore the potential of gut microbiota analysis in non-invasively monitoring CKD, especially in older populations, and hint at future interventions targeting gut microbiota to manage CKD progression. Further research is needed for causal relationships and generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Atzeni
- Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Andrés Díaz-López
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Adrián Hernández Cacho
- Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús F García-Gavilán
- Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cornejo-Pareja
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d'Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red - Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Kizilbash SJ, Connolly H, Bartosh S, Zahr R, Al-Akash S, Chishti A, Mansuri A, Tawadrous H, Jain NG. Probiotic use in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: What are current practices, and are they evidence-based? A pediatric nephrology research consortium study. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14790. [PMID: 38837638 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are living microorganisms that may confer health benefits to their host if administered in sufficient quantities. However, data on the use of probiotics in transplant recipients are scarce. METHOD This multi-center survey of pediatric nephrologists aimed to examine variations in practice regarding the use of probiotics in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The survey was conducted via a 10-item questionnaire (developed in Survey Monkey) administered to pediatric nephrologists participating in the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium meeting in April 2023. RESULTS Sixty-four pediatric nephrologists completed the survey. Twenty-seven (42.2%) respondents reported having prescribed probiotics to pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The primary reason for probiotic use was the treatment of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (n = 20), with other reasons including recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (n = 15), general gut health promotion (n = 12), recurrent urinary tract infections (n = 8), and parental request (n = 1). Of those who prescribed probiotics, 48.1% held them during periods of neutropenia and 14.8% during central venous line use. Of the 64 respondents, 20 reported the lack of safety data as a concern for using probiotics in kidney transplant recipients. CONCLUSION Pediatric nephrologists are increasingly prescribing probiotics to pediatric kidney transplant recipients; nevertheless, substantial practice variations exist. The paucity of safety data is a significant deterrent to probiotic use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kizilbash
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - H Connolly
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
| | - S Bartosh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - R Zahr
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - S Al-Akash
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - A Chishti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - A Mansuri
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Medical college of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - H Tawadrous
- Department of Pediatrics, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - N G Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA
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Meng Y, Zhao M, Ma Q, Hua Q, Hu J, Zhou Q, Yi H, Zhang Z, Zhang L. Bifidobacterium bifidum alleviates adenine-induced acute kidney injury in mice by improving intestinal barrier function. Food Funct 2024. [PMID: 38984966 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02014f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a kind of critical kidney disease characterized by tubular injury, rapid decline of renal function and renal inflammation, with high clinical incidence. AKI has been shown to be associated with dysregulation of the gut microbiota and impaired intestinal barrier. Bifidobacterium has a positive impact on the treatment of many diseases. However, little is known about the role and mechanism of Bifidobacterium in AKI. Based on previous experiments, Bifidobacterium bifidum FL228.1 and FL276.1, which can relieve intestinal inflammation, and Bifidobacterium bifidum ZL.1, which has anti-inflammatory potential, were screened. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum FL228.1, FL276.1 and ZL.1 on AKI, focusing on their role in the gut microbiota composition and intestinal barrier function. Our results showed that Bifidobacterium bifidum FL228.1, FL276.1 and ZL.1 effectively improved kidney function in mice with AKI by regulating the gut microbiota dysregulation, inhibiting intestinal inflammation and rebuilding the intestinal mucosal barrier. In addition, intervention with probiotics turned the gut microbiota disturbance caused by AKI into a normalized trend, reversed the adverse outcome of microbiota imbalance, and increased the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium and Faecalibaculum. In summary, Bifidobacterium bifidum FL228.1, FL276.1, and ZL.1 alleviate adenine-induced AKI based on the gut-kidney axis. Although their mechanisms of action are different, their effect on alleviating AKI is almost the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Maozhen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Qiyu Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Qinglian Hua
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Jinpeng Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Huaxi Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China.
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Liu X, Mo J, Yang X, Peng L, Zeng Y, Zheng Y, Song G. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1356478. [PMID: 38633704 PMCID: PMC11021586 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1356478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies and some experimental investigations have indicated that gut microbiota are closely associated with the incidence and progression of chronic renal failure. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure remains unclear. The present study employs a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to infer the causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure at the genetic level. This research aims to determine whether there is a causal effect of gut microbiota on the risk of chronic renal failure, aiming to provide new evidence to support targeted gut therapy for the treatment of chronic renal failure. Methods Employing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the public MiBioGen and IEU OpenGWAS platform, a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted. The causal relationship between gut microbiota and chronic renal failure was inferred using five different methods: Inverse Variance Weighted, MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Simple Mode, and Weighted Mode. The study incorporated sensitivity analyses that encompassed evaluations for pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Subsequently, the results of the Mendelian randomization analysis underwent a stringent correction for multiple testing, employing the False Discovery Rate method to enhance the validity of our findings. Results According to the results from the Inverse Variance Weighted method, seven bacterial genera show a significant association with the outcome variable chronic renal failure. Of these, Ruminococcus (gauvreauii group) (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71-0.94, p = 0.004) may act as a protective factor against chronic renal failure, while the genera Escherichia-Shigella (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.08-1.38, p = 0.001), Lactococcus (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 1.02-1.19, p = 0.013), Odoribacter (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.03-1.49, p = 0.026), Enterorhabdus (OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.00-1.29, p = 0.047), Eubacterium (eligens group) (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02-1.37, p = 0.024), and Howardella (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.09-1.28, p < 0.001) may be risk factors for chronic renal failure. However, after correction for multiple comparisons using False Discovery Rate, only the associations with Escherichia-Shigella and Howardella remain significant, indicating that the other genera have suggestive associations. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal any pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Conclusion Our two-sample Mendelian randomization study suggests that the genera Escherichia-Shigella and Howardella are risk factors for chronic renal failure, and they may serve as potential targets for future therapeutic interventions. However, the exact mechanisms of action are not yet clear, necessitating further research to elucidate their precise roles fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzheng Liu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinying Mo
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuerui Yang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ling Peng
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Youjia Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihou Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaofeng Song
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Villela-Torres MDLL, Prado-Uribe MDC, Díaz MÁ, Pablo HQ, Soria-Castro E, Escofet NE, Maldonado CEF, Paniagua R. Effect of High Sodium Intake on Gut Tight Junctions' Structure and Permeability to Bacterial Toxins in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:102969. [PMID: 38484487 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uremic toxicity changes the gut structure and permeability, allowing bacterial toxins to translocate from the lumen to the blood during chronic kidney failure (CKD). Clinical fluid overload and tissue edema without uremia have similar effects but have not been adequately demonstrated and analyzed in CKD. AIMS To investigate the effect of sodium intake on the plasma concentration of gut-derived uremic toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS), and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS) and the expression of genes and proteins of epithelial gut tight junctions in a rat model of CKD. METHODS Sham-operated (control group, CG) and five-sixths nephrectomized (5/6Nx) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to low (LNa), normal (NNa), or high sodium (HNa) diets., Animals were then sacrificed at 8 and 12 weeks and analyzed for IS and pCS plasma concentrations, as well as for gene and protein expression of thigh junction proteins, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in colon fragments. RESULTS The HNa 5/6Nx groups had higher concentrations of IS and pCS than CG, NNa, and LNa at eight and twelve weeks. Furthermore, HNa 5/6Nx groups had reduced expression of the claudin-4 gene and protein than CG, NNa, and LNa. HNa had reduced occludin gene expression compared to CG. Occludin protein expression was more reduced in HNa than in CG, NNa, and LNa. The gut epithelial tight junctions appear dilated in HNa compared to NNa and LNa in TEM. CONCLUSION Dietary sodium intake and fluid overload have a significant role in gut epithelial permeability in the CKD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de la Luz Villela-Torres
- Medical Research Unit in Nephrological Diseases, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María-Del-Carmen Prado-Uribe
- Medical Research Unit in Nephrological Diseases, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Ávila Díaz
- Medical Research Unit in Nephrological Diseases, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Héctor Quezada Pablo
- Immunnology and Proteomics Research Lab, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Soria-Castro
- Cardiovascular Biomedicine Department, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nuria Esturau Escofet
- Physical Chemistry Department, Laboratorio Universitario de Resonancia Magnética Nuclear, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Ramón Paniagua
- Medical Research Unit in Nephrological Diseases, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Chen H, Xie X, Tang S. Association between intestinal microflora and renal function in patients with chronic renal failure: A case-control analysis. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40:174-178. [PMID: 38196469 PMCID: PMC10772418 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.40.1.8194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the association between the changes in intestinal microflora and renal function in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Methods This retrospective case-control study included 50 patients with CRF (study group), admitted to the Clinical Laboratory Department of Shenzhen People's Hospital from March 2021 to May 2022, and 50 healthy individuals (control group). The association between the distribution of intestinal microflora and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), levels of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum cystatin C (CysC) were analyzed. Results Intestinal microflora of CRF patients had significantly higher levels of Enterococci compared to the control group (p-Value <0.05), while the levels of Bifidobacterium spp. and Escherichia coli were lower in the study group (p-Value <0.05). GFR was lower, and the levels of BUN, SCr, and CysC were higher in the study group compared to the control group (all p-Value <0.05). GFR, BUN, SCr and CysC levels in the study group negatively correlated with the levels of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. (r<0, P<0.05), and positively correlated with the abundance of Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli (r>0, P<0.05) in the intestinal microflora. Conclusions Changes in intestinal microbiota are associated with a significant decrease in GFR and a marked increase in serum levels of renal function indicators, and alterations in the balance of intestinal microbiota may lead to further aggravation of the renal function damage in patients with CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Chen
- Haixia Chen, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen People’s, Hospital the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518020, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Xiaoxiao Xie, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen People’s, Hospital the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518020, China
| | - Shuming Tang
- Shuming Tang, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen People’s, Hospital the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province 518020, China
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Mo Z, Wang J, Meng X, Li A, Li Z, Que W, Wang T, Tarnue KF, Ma X, Liu Y, Yan S, Wu L, Zhang R, Pei J, Wang X. The Dose-Response Effect of Fluoride Exposure on the Gut Microbiome and Its Functional Pathways in Rats. Metabolites 2023; 13:1159. [PMID: 37999254 PMCID: PMC10672837 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic activities within the gut microbiome are intimately linked to human health and disease, especially within the context of environmental exposure and its potential ramifications. Perturbations within this microbiome, termed "gut microbiome perturbations", have emerged as plausible intermediaries in the onset or exacerbation of diseases following environmental chemical exposures, with fluoride being a compound of particular concern. Despite the well-documented adverse impacts of excessive fluoride on various human physiological systems-ranging from skeletal to neurological-the nuanced dynamics between fluoride exposure, the gut microbiome, and the resulting dose-response relationship remains a scientific enigma. Leveraging the precision of 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, this study meticulously examines the ramifications of diverse fluoride concentrations on the gut microbiome's composition and functional capabilities within Wistar rats. Our findings indicate a profound shift in the intestinal microbial composition following fluoride exposure, marked by a dose-dependent modulation in the abundance of key genera, including Pelagibacterium, Bilophila, Turicibacter, and Roseburia. Moreover, discernible alterations were observed in critical functional and metabolic pathways of the microbiome, such as D-lyxose ketol-isomerase and DNA polymerase III subunit gamma/tau, underscoring the broad-reaching implications of fluoride exposure. Intriguingly, correlation analyses elucidated strong associations between specific bacterial co-abundance groups (CAGs) and these shifted metabolic pathways. In essence, fluoride exposure not only perturbs the compositional equilibrium of the gut microbiota but also instigates profound shifts in its metabolic landscape. These intricate alterations may provide a mechanistic foundation for understanding fluoride's potential toxicological effects mediated via gut microbiome modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Mo
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xinyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Ailin Li
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Wenjun Que
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Korto Fatti Tarnue
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Shirui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Lei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Junrui Pei
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province & National Health Commission (23618504), Institute for Fluorosis Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (Z.M.); (J.W.); (X.M.); (A.L.); (Z.L.); (W.Q.); (T.W.); (K.F.T.); (X.M.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.); (L.W.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
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8
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Caldarelli M, Franza L, Rio P, Gasbarrini A, Gambassi G, Cianci R. Gut-Kidney-Heart: A Novel Trilogy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3063. [PMID: 38002063 PMCID: PMC10669427 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota represents a key factor in determining health and disease. Its role in inflammation and immunological disorders is well known, but it is also involved in several complex conditions, ranging from neurological to psychiatric, from gastrointestinal to cardiovascular diseases. It has recently been hypothesized that the gut microbiota may act as an intermediary in the close interaction between kidneys and the cardiovascular system, leading to the conceptualization of the "gut-kidney-heart" axis. In this narrative review, we will discuss the impact of the gut microbiota on each system while also reviewing the available data regarding the axis itself. We will also describe the role of gut metabolites in this complex interplay, as well as potential therapeutical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caldarelli
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (P.R.); (A.G.); (G.G.)
| | - Laura Franza
- Emergency Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Rio
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (P.R.); (A.G.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (P.R.); (A.G.); (G.G.)
| | - Giovanni Gambassi
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (P.R.); (A.G.); (G.G.)
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (P.R.); (A.G.); (G.G.)
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9
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Altamura S, Pietropaoli D, Lombardi F, Del Pinto R, Ferri C. An Overview of Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology: The Impact of Gut Dysbiosis and Oral Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3033. [PMID: 38002033 PMCID: PMC10669155 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a severe condition and a significant public health issue worldwide, carrying the burden of an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. The traditional factors that promote the onset and progression of CKD are cardiometabolic risk factors like hypertension and diabetes, but non-traditional contributors are escalating. Moreover, gut dysbiosis, inflammation, and an impaired immune response are emerging as crucial mechanisms in the disease pathology. The gut microbiome and kidney disease exert a reciprocal influence commonly referred to as "the gut-kidney axis" through the induction of metabolic, immunological, and endocrine alterations. Periodontal diseases are strictly involved in the gut-kidney axis for their impact on the gut microbiota composition and for the metabolic and immunological alterations occurring in and reciprocally affecting both conditions. This review aims to provide an overview of the dynamic biological interconnections between oral health status, gut, and renal pathophysiology, spotlighting the dynamic oral-gut-kidney axis and raising whether periodontal diseases and gut microbiota can be disease modifiers in CKD. By doing so, we try to offer new insights into therapeutic strategies that may enhance the clinical trajectory of CKD patients, ultimately advancing our quest for improved patient outcomes and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Altamura
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- PhD School in Medicine and Public Health, Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Pietropaoli
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research—Dental Clinic, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca Lombardi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Immunopathology, Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Rita Del Pinto
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Center for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.A.); (D.P.); (C.F.)
- Oral Diseases and Systemic Interactions Study Group (ODISSY Group), 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Center for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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10
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Saxami G, Kerezoudi EN, Eliopoulos C, Arapoglou D, Kyriacou A. The Gut-Organ Axis within the Human Body: Gut Dysbiosis and the Role of Prebiotics. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2023. [PMID: 37895405 PMCID: PMC10608660 DOI: 10.3390/life13102023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota (GM) is a complex microbial ecosystem that colonises the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and is comprised of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The GM has a symbiotic relationship with its host that is fundamental for body homeostasis. The GM is not limited to the scope of the GIT, but there are bidirectional interactions between the GM and other organs, highlighting the concept of the "gut-organ axis". Any deviation from the normal composition of the GM, termed "microbial dysbiosis", is implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Only a few studies have demonstrated a relationship between GM modifications and disease phenotypes, and it is still unknown whether an altered GM contributes to a disease or simply reflects its status. Restoration of the GM with probiotics and prebiotics has been postulated, but evidence for the effects of prebiotics is limited. Prebiotics are substrates that are "selectively utilized by host microorganisms, conferring a health benefit". This study highlights the bidirectional relationship between the gut and vital human organs and demonstrates the relationship between GM dysbiosis and the emergence of certain representative diseases. Finally, this article focuses on the potential of prebiotics as a target therapy to manipulate the GM and presents the gaps in the literature and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Saxami
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (E.N.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Evangelia N. Kerezoudi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (E.N.K.); (A.K.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Christos Eliopoulos
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Demeter, L. Sof. Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovryssi, Greece; (C.E.); (D.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Arapoglou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization—Demeter, L. Sof. Venizelou 1, 14123 Lykovryssi, Greece; (C.E.); (D.A.)
| | - Adamantini Kyriacou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (E.N.K.); (A.K.)
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11
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Pantazi AC, Kassim MAK, Nori W, Tuta LA, Mihai CM, Chisnoiu T, Balasa AL, Mihai L, Lupu A, Frecus CE, Lupu VV, Chirila SI, Badescu AG, Hangan LT, Cambrea SC. Clinical Perspectives of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease: Where Do We Stand? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2480. [PMID: 37760920 PMCID: PMC10525496 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) plays a vital role in human health, with increasing evidence linking its imbalance to chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. Although the exact methods underlying kidney-GM crosstalk are not fully understood, interventions targeting GM were made and lay in three aspects: diagnostic, predictive, and therapeutic interventions. While these interventions show promising results in reducing uremic toxins and inflammation, challenges remain in the form of patient-specific GM variability, potential side effects, and safety concerns. Our understanding of GMs role in kidney disease is still evolving, necessitating further research to elucidate the causal relationship and mechanistic interactions. Personalized interventions focusing on specific GM signatures could enhance patient outcomes. However, comprehensive clinical trials are needed to validate these approaches' safety, efficacy, and feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wassan Nori
- College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq;
| | - Liliana Ana Tuta
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristina Maria Mihai
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Tatiana Chisnoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Adriana Luminita Balasa
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Larisia Mihai
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Corina Elena Frecus
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Sergiu Ioachim Chirila
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
| | | | - Laurentiu-Tony Hangan
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
| | - Simona Claudia Cambrea
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
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12
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Mafra D, Kemp JA, Borges NA, Wong M, Stenvinkel P. Gut Microbiota Interventions to Retain Residual Kidney Function. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:499. [PMID: 37624256 PMCID: PMC10467110 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Residual kidney function for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with better quality of life and outcome; thus, strategies should be implemented to preserve kidney function. Among the multiple causes that promote kidney damage, gut dysbiosis due to increased uremic toxin production and endotoxemia need attention. Several strategies have been proposed to modulate the gut microbiota in these patients, and diet has gained increasing attention in recent years since it is the primary driver of gut dysbiosis. In addition, medications and faecal transplantation may be valid strategies. Modifying gut microbiota composition may mitigate chronic kidney damage and preserve residual kidney function. Although various studies have shown the influential role of diet in modulating gut microbiota composition, the effects of this modulation on residual kidney function remain limited. This review discusses the role of gut microbiota metabolism on residual kidney function and vice versa and how we could preserve the residual kidney function by modulating the gut microbiota balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences—Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Julie A. Kemp
- Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi 24020-140, Brazil;
| | - Natalia A. Borges
- Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, Brazil;
| | - Michelle Wong
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada;
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13
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Anegkamol W, Kamkang P, Hunthai S, Kaewwongse M, Taweevisit M, Chuaypen N, Rattanachaisit P, Dissayabutra T. The Usefulness of Resistant Maltodextrin and Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Management of Gut Leakage and Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:3363. [PMID: 37571302 PMCID: PMC10420640 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota-dysbiosis-induced gut leakage is a pathophysiologic change in chronic kidney disease (CKD), leading to the production of several uremic toxins and their absorption into the bloodstream to worsen the renal complications. We evaluate the benefits of resistant maltodextrin (RMD) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) supplements in cell culture and CKD-induced rats. The RMD exerted a significant anti-inflammatory effect in vitro and intestinal occludin and zonula occluden-1 up-regulation in CKD rats compared with inulin and COS. While all prebiotics slightly improved gut dysbiosis, RMD remarkably promoted the relative abundance and the combined abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Akkermansia, and Roseburia in CKD rats. Supplements of RMD should be advantageous in the treatment of gut leakage and microbiota dysbiosis in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weerapat Anegkamol
- Metabolic Disease in Gastrointestinal and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.A.); (P.K.); (S.H.); (N.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Panumas Kamkang
- Metabolic Disease in Gastrointestinal and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.A.); (P.K.); (S.H.); (N.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Sittiphong Hunthai
- Metabolic Disease in Gastrointestinal and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.A.); (P.K.); (S.H.); (N.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Maroot Kaewwongse
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
| | - Mana Taweevisit
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Metabolic Disease in Gastrointestinal and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.A.); (P.K.); (S.H.); (N.C.); (P.R.)
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pakkapon Rattanachaisit
- Metabolic Disease in Gastrointestinal and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.A.); (P.K.); (S.H.); (N.C.); (P.R.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thasinas Dissayabutra
- Metabolic Disease in Gastrointestinal and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (W.A.); (P.K.); (S.H.); (N.C.); (P.R.)
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14
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Yoshida S, Shiraishi R, Nakayama Y, Taira Y. Can Nutrition Contribute to a Reduction in Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Comorbidities in a Super-Aged Society? Nutrients 2023; 15:2991. [PMID: 37447315 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Many countries are facing the advent of super-aging societies, where sarcopenia and frailty will become pertinent problems. The prevalence of comorbidities is a major problem in countries with aged populations as elderly people suffer from various diseases, such as diabetes, heart failure, chronic kidney disease and dementia. All of these diseases are associated with sarcopenia and frailty, and they frequently cause falls, fractures, and a decline in activities of daily living. Fractures in the elderly people are associated with bone fragility, which is influenced by diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Nutritional support for chronic disease patients and sarcopenic individuals with adequate energy and protein intake, vitamin D supplementation, blood glucose level management for individuals with diabetes, obesity prevention, nutritional education for healthy individuals, and the enlightenment of society could be crucial to solve the health-related problems in super-aging societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadao Yoshida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chuzan Hospital, 6-2-1 Matsumoto, Okinawa 904-2151, Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Okinawa University, 555 Kokuba, Naha 902-8521, Okinawa, Japan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kinjo University, 1200 Kasama-machi, Hakusan 924-8511, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Shiraishi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chuzan Hospital, 6-2-1 Matsumoto, Okinawa 904-2151, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chuzan Hospital, 6-2-1 Matsumoto, Okinawa 904-2151, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yasuko Taira
- Faculty of Nutrition, Chuzan Hospital, 6-2-1 Matsumoto, Okinawa 904-2151, Okinawa, Japan
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15
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Zhang R, Zhao W, Zhao R, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Liang X. Causal relationship in gut microbiota and upper urinary urolithiasis using Mendelian randomization. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1170793. [PMID: 37275161 PMCID: PMC10233049 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1170793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several reports in recent years have found an association between gut microbiota and upper urinary urolithiasis. However, the causal relationship between them remains to be clarified. Methods Genetic variation is used as a tool in Mendelian randomization for inference of whether exposure factors have a causal effect on disease outcomes. We selected summary statistics from a large genome-wide association study of the gut microbiome published by the MiBioGen consortium with a sample size of 18,340 as an exposure factor and upper urinary urolithiasis data from FinnGen GWAS with 4,969 calculi cases and 213,445 controls as a disease outcome. Then, a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed by applying inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, maximum likelihood, and weighted median. In addition, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were excluded by sensitivity analysis. Results IVW results confirmed that class Deltaproteobacteria (OR = 0.814, 95% CI: 0.666-0.995, P = 0.045), order NB1n (OR = 0.833, 95% CI: 0.737-0.940, P = 3.15 × 10-3), family Clostridiaceae1 (OR = 0.729, 95% CI: 0.581-0.916, P = 6.61 × 10-3), genus Barnesiella (OR = 0.695, 95% CI: 0.551-0.877, P = 2.20 × 10-3), genus Clostridium sensu_stricto_1 (OR = 0.777, 95% CI: 0.612-0.986, P = 0.0380), genus Flavonifractor (OR = 0.711, 95% CI: 0.536-0.944, P = 0.0181), genus Hungatella (OR = 0.829, 95% CI: 0.690-0.995, P = 0.0444), and genus Oscillospira (OR = 0.758, 95% CI: 0.577-0.996, P = 0.0464) had a protective effect on upper urinary urolithiasis, while Eubacterium xylanophilum (OR =1.26, 95% CI: 1.010-1.566, P = 0.0423) had the opposite effect. Sensitivity analysis did not find outlier SNPs. Conclusion In summary, a causal relationship was found between several genera and upper urinary urolithiasis. However, we still need further randomized controlled trials to validate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiao Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Weijie Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruijie Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunhai Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuezhi Liang
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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