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Tian Y, Zhang M, Liu LX, Wang ZC, Liu B, Huang Y, Wang X, Ling YZ, Wang F, Feng X, Tu Y. Exploring non-coding RNA mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma: implications for therapy and prognosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1400744. [PMID: 38799446 PMCID: PMC11116607 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1400744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant contributor to cancer-related deaths in the world. The development and progression of HCC are closely correlated with the abnormal regulation of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Important biological pathways in cancer biology, such as cell proliferation, death, and metastasis, are impacted by these ncRNAs, which modulate gene expression. The abnormal expression of non-coding RNAs in HCC raises the possibility that they could be applied as new biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment targets. Furthermore, by controlling the expression of cancer-related genes, miRNAs can function as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. On the other hand, lncRNAs play a role in the advancement of cancer by interacting with other molecules within the cell, which, in turn, affects processes such as chromatin remodeling, transcription, and post-transcriptional processes. The importance of ncRNA-driven regulatory systems in HCC is being highlighted by current research, which sheds light on tumor behavior and therapy response. This research highlights the great potential of ncRNAs to improve patient outcomes in this difficult disease landscape by augmenting the present methods of HCC care through the use of precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Public Health, Benedictine University, Lisle, IL, United States
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Li-xia Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zi-chao Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Central Laboratory, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Youcai Huang
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-zhi Ling
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Feng
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Gaozhou People’s Hospital, Gaozhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyang Tu
- Research Center, The Huizhou Central People’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
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Wang J, Zhang X, Ni Z, Elam E, Thakur K, Li K, Wang C, Zhang J, Wei Z. The anti-cancerous mechanism of licochalcone A on human hepatoma cell HepG2 based on the miRNA omics. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Qasem A, Assaggaf H, Mrabti HN, Minshawi F, Rajab BS, Attar AA, Alyamani RA, Hamed M, Mrabti NN, Baaboua AE, Omari NE, Alshahrani MM, Awadh AAA, Sheikh RA, Ming LC, Goh KW, Bouyahya A. Determination of Chemical Composition and Investigation of Biological Activities of Ocimum basilicum L. Molecules 2023; 28:614. [PMID: 36677672 PMCID: PMC9866482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum basilicum L., as well as to evaluate the antibacterial, antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the EOs and aqueous extracts of O. basilicum. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against bacterial strains, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, using the well diffusion and microdilution methods, whereas the antidiabetic activity was assessed in vitro using two enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. On the other hand, the dermatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities were studied by testing tyrosinase and lipoxygenase inhibition activity, respectively. The results showed that the chemical composition of O. basilicum EO (OBEO) is dominated by methyl chavicol (86%) and trans-anethol (8%). OBEO exhibited significant antibacterial effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, demonstrated by considerable diameters of the inhibition zones and lower MIC and MBC values. In addition, OBEO exhibited significant inhibition of α-amylase (IC50 = 50.51 ± 0.32 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 39.84 ± 1.2 μg/mL). Concerning the anti-inflammatory activity, OBEO significantly inhibited lipoxygenase activity (IC50 = 18.28 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 24.8 ± 0.01 μg/mL). Moreover, tyrosinase was considerably inhibited by OBEO (IC50 = 68.58 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 118.37 ± 0.05 μg/mL). The toxicological investigations revealed the safety of O. basilicum in acute and chronic toxicity. The finding of in silico analysis showed that methyl chavicol and trans-anethole (main compounds of OBEO) validate the pharmacokinetics of these compounds and decipher some antibacterial targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 8359006 Lille, France
| | - Faisal Minshawi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A. Alyamani
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munerah Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal Naceiri Mrabti
- Engineering Materials, Modeling and Environmental Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryan Adnan Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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Yousuf T, Dar SB, Bangri SA, Choh NA, Rasool Z, Shah A, Rather RA, Rah B, Bhat GR, Ali S, Afroze D. Diagnostic implication of a circulating serum-based three-microRNA signature in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:929787. [PMID: 36457743 PMCID: PMC9705795 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.929787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the diagnostic dilemma, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains impoverished, contributing to the globally high mortality rate. Currently, HCC diagnosis depends on the combination of imaging modalities and the measurement of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Nevertheless, these conventional modalities exhibit poor performance in detecting HCC at early stages. Thus, there is a pressing need to identify novel circulating biomarkers to promote diagnostic accuracy and surveillance. Circulating miRNAs are emerging as promising diagnostic tools in screening various cancers, including HCC. However, because of heterogenous and, at times, contradictory reports, the universality of miRNAs in clinical settings remains elusive. Consequently, we proposed to explore the diagnostic potential of ten miRNAs selected on a candidate-based approach in HCC diagnosis. The expression of ten candidate miRNAs (Let-7a, miR-15a, miR-26a, miR-124, miR-126, miR-155, miR-219, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-340) was investigated in serum and tissue of 66 subjects, including 33 HCC patients and 33 healthy controls (HC), by rt-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the prospective serum miRNA panel. To anticipate the potential biological roles of a three-miRNA signature, the target genes were evaluated using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway. The serum and tissue expression of miRNAs (Let-7a, miR-26a, miR-124, miR-155, miR-221, miR-222, and miR-340) were differentially expressed in HCC patients (p < 0.05). The ROC analysis revealed promising diagnostic performance of Let-7a (AUC = 0.801), miR-221 (AUC = 0.786), and miR-2 (AUC = 0.758) in discriminating HCC from HC. Furthermore, in a logistic regression equation, we identified a three-miRNA panel (Let-7a, miR-221, and miR-222; AUC = 0.932) with improved diagnostic efficiency in differentiating HCC from HC. Remarkably, the combination of AFP and a three-miRNA panel offered a higher accuracy of HCC diagnosis (AUC = 0.961) than AFP alone. The functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that target genes may contribute to pathways associated with HCC and cell-cycle regulation, indicating possible crosstalk of miRNAs with HCC development. To conclude, the combined classifier of a three-miRNA panel and AFP could be indispensable circulating biomarkers for HCC diagnosis. Furthermore, targeting predicted genes may provide new therapeutic clues for the treatment of aggressive HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Yousuf
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sadaf Bashir Dar
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sadaf Ali Bangri
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Naseer A. Choh
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zubaida Rasool
- Department of Pathology, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Altaf Shah
- Department of Gastroenterology, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rafiq Ahmed Rather
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Bilal Rah
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Gh Rasool Bhat
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shazia Ali
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Dil Afroze
- Advance Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Machida K. HCV and tumor-initiating stem-like cells. Front Physiol 2022; 13:903302. [PMID: 36187761 PMCID: PMC9520593 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.903302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplasms contain tumor-initiating stem-like cells (TICs) that are characterized by increased drug resistance. The incidence of many cancer types have trended downward except for few cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore mechanism of HCC development and therapy resistance needs to be understood. These multiple hits by hepatitis C virus (HCV) eventually promotes transformation and TIC genesis, leading to HCC development. This review article describes links between HCV-associated HCC and TICs. This review discusses 1) how HCV promotes genesis of TICs and HCC development; 2) how this process avails itself as a novel therapeutic target for HCC treatment; and 3) ten hall marks of TIC oncogenesis and HCC development as targets for novel therapeutic modalities.
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Zhang L, Wang C, Lu X, Xu X, Shi T, Chen J. Transcriptome sequencing of hepatocellular carcinoma uncovers multiple types of dysregulated ncRNAs. Front Oncol 2022; 12:927524. [PMID: 36132143 PMCID: PMC9484539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.927524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has been broadly performed by previous studies, which facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of HCC formation, progression, and metastasis. However, few studies jointly analyze multiple types of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and micro-RNAs (miRNAs), and further uncover their implications in HCC. In this study, we observed that the circRNA cZRANB1 and lncRNA DUXAP10 were not only significantly upregulated in tumor tissues, but also higher expressed in blood exosomes of HCC as compared with healthy donors. From the analysis of subclass-associated dysregulated ncRNAs, we observed that DLX6-AS1, an antisense RNA of DLX6, and the sense gene DLX6 were highly expressed in S1, a subclass with a more invasive/disseminative phenotype. High correlation between DLX6-AS1 and DLX6 suggested that DLX6-AS1 may function via promoting the transcription of DLX6. Integrative analysis uncovers circRNA–miRNA, lncRNA–miRNA, and competing endogenous RNA networks (ceRNAs). Specifically, cZRANB1, LINC00501, CTD-2008L17.2, and SLC7A11-AS1 may function as ceRNAs that regulate mRNAs by competing the shared miRNAs. Further prognostic analysis demonstrated that the dysregulated ncRNAs had the potential to predict HCC patients’ overall survival. In summary, we identified some novel circRNAs and miRNAs, and dysregulated ncRNAs that could participate in HCC tumorigenesis and progression by inducing transcription of their neighboring genes, increasing their derived miRNAs, or acting as miRNA sponges. Moreover, our systematic analysis provides not only rich data resources for related researchers, but also new insights into the molecular basis of how different ncRNAs coordinately or antagonistically participate in the pathogenesis process of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Fengxian Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinlian Chen, ; Tieliu Shi, ; Xiao Xu,
| | - Tieliu Shi
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinlian Chen, ; Tieliu Shi, ; Xiao Xu,
| | - Jinlian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital South Campus of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Fengxian Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinlian Chen, ; Tieliu Shi, ; Xiao Xu,
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Huang W, Chen Q, Dai J, Zhang Y, Yi Y, Wei X, Wu Z. miR-744-5p suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis by targeting transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1811-1822. [PMID: 34532130 PMCID: PMC8421904 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of various tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Specifically, miR-744-5p has been shown to be associated with tumor development, but the underlying mechanism by which miR-744-5p affects HCC remains unclear. Thus, this study sought to explore the molecular mechanism governing the function of miR-744-5p in HCC. METHODS The expression of miR-744-5p in HCC tissues/cells was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Colony-formation, cell-counting kit 8 (CCK-8), Transwell, and wound-healing assays were used to assess the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells. Additionally, the interaction between miR-744-5p and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) was detected using a dual-luciferase reporter and a Western-blot analysis. RESULTS miR-744-5p expression was shown to be significantly reduced in HCC tissues and cells. The overexpression of miR-744-5p not only significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation, but also significantly reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition-induced invasion. A luciferase reporter assay validated the ability of miR-744-5p to directly target TGF-β1. Further, the overexpression of TGF-β1 appeared to abolish the inhibitive effect of miR-744-5p mimics on HCC development. CONCLUSIONS As per our findings, it was revealed that miR-744-5p suppresses HCC proliferation and invasion by regulating the TGF-β1 signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Traumatology, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangweng Dai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Oncology, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuke Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Yi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xufu Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Yan C, Wei S, Han D, Wu L, Tan L, Wang H, Dong Y, Hua J, Yang W. LncRNA HULC shRNA disinhibits miR-377-5p to suppress the growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and hepatocarcinogenesis in vivo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1294. [PMID: 33209874 PMCID: PMC7661872 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Aberrant expression of up-regulated long non-coding RNA [LncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC)] has been observed to play an important regulatory role in the development of multiple human diseases. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of HULC and miR-377-5p in HCC needs to be urgently explored. Methods The mRNA and protein expression levels of HULC were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line HB611, HepG2 and H22, respectively. HULC-shRNA was transfected into HepG-2 cells, which were randomly divided into the control, shRNA-NC, and sh-HULC groups. The correlation between HULC and miR-377-5p was analyzed by performing a luciferase reporter assay. The targeting relationship between miR-377-5p and hypoxia-inhibitory factor-1α (HIF-1α) was also investigated using a luciferase reporter assay. Sh-HULC and miR-377-5p inhibitors were transfected either alone or together into HepG2 cells, and which were divided into the control group, the sh-HULC group, the miR-377-5p inhibitor, and the sh-HULC + inhibitor group for subsequent experiments. HepG2 cell proliferation and invasion were measured by 5-Ethynyl-2-Deoxyuridine (EdU) staining and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. Western plot was carried out to detect the protein expression levels of Ki67, PCNA, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin. Tumor xenograft mouse models were established to confirm the effect of HULC down-regulation on the development of HCC in vivo. Results The mRNA and protein expression levels of HULC were markedly increased, whereas the mRNA expression levels of miR-377-5p were decreased in HCC cell lines. HepG2 cell proliferation and invasion were suppressed in the Sh-HULC group, while miR-377-5p showed the opposite. Further experiments exhibited that miR-377-5p was targeted by HULC, and an negative correlation between HULC and miR-377-5p was observed. Importantly, the in vivo experiments indicated that down-regulation of HULC could inhibit tumor growth. Taken together, our research demonstrated that down-regulation of HULC plays an anti-cancer role through restrainingHepG2 cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusions In summary, our in vitro and in vivo findings confirmed HULC to play a role in the progression of HCC, with the underlying mechanism possibly involving the miR-377-5p/HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shutang Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dazheng Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lixia Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hangyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yong Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jing Hua
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenyi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Jiang P, Han W, Fu Y, Chen Q. The Hsa_circ_0091579/miR-940/TACR1 Axis Regulates the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:9087-9096. [PMID: 33061603 PMCID: PMC7532044 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s259243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. The circRNA hsa_circ_0091579 (circ_0091579) is dysregulated in HCC, while the mechanism of circ_0091579 in HCC development is largely unknown. Patients and Methods Thirty paired cancer and adjacent normal tissues were harvested from HCC patients. SNU-387 and Huh7 cells were cultured in this study. circ_0091579, microRNA-940 (miR-940) and tachykinin-1 receptor (TACR1) abundances were measured via quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. Cell viability, migration, invasion, colony ability, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were assessed via 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, transwell assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. The interaction among circ_0091579, miR-940 and TACR1 was tested via dual-luciferase reporter analysis. The anti-HCC role of circ_0091579 knockdown in vivo was investigated using xenograft model. Results circ_0091579 expression was enhanced in HCC tissue samples and cells. circ_0091579 silence inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and colony formation, induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, and promoted apoptosis in HCC cells. miR-940 was targeted via circ_0091579 and miR-940 knockdown reversed the suppressive effect of circ_0091579 silence on HCC development. miR-940 targeted TACR1 to repress HCC development. circ_0091579 could regulate TACR1 expression by mediating miR-940. Down-regulation of circ_0091579 decreased xenograft tumor growth. Conclusion Knockdown of circ_0091579 repressed HCC development by mediating miR-940/TACR1 axis, indicating a new pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqiang Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingmin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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He S, Yang J, Jiang S, Li Y, Han X. Circular RNA circ_0000517 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma development via miR-326/IGF1R axis. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:404. [PMID: 32863763 PMCID: PMC7448484 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play vital roles in hepatocellular carcinoma development. However, the role and mechanism of circRNA hsa_circ_0000517 (circ_0000517) in hepatocellular carcinoma development were largely unknown. METHODS 45 paired tumor and adjacent nontumor samples were collected from hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The levels of circ_0000517, miR-326 and insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor (IGF1R) were detected via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Cell viability, colony ability, migration, invasion and glycolysis were assessed via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, western blot, transwell assay, glucose consumption, lactate production or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. The target correlation between miR-326 and circ_0000517 or IGF1R was analyzed via dual-luciferase reporter analysis. The function of circ_0000517 in vivo was assessed via xenograft model. RESULTS circ_0000517 expression was elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines. circ_0000517 knockdown suppressed cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion and glycolysis. miR-326 was sponged via circ_0000517 and miR-326 knockdown reversed the effect of circ_0000517 silence on hepatocellular carcinoma development. miR-326 overexpression inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma development through targeting IGF1R. circ_0000517 knockdown decreased IGF1R expression by modulating miR-326. circ_0000517 downregulation reduced xenograft tumor growth. CONCLUSION circ_0000517 knockdown repressed hepatocellular carcinoma development in vitro and in vivo by modulating miR-326 and IGF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Jianzeng Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Shitao Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
| | - Xingmin Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000 Henan China
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11
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Zhang Y, Shi K, Liu H, Chen W, Luo Y, Wei X, Wu Z. miR-4458 inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing the TGF-β signaling pathway via targeting TGFBR1. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:554-562. [PMID: 32324847 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers in the world. MicroRNAs play a pivotal role in the progression of various cancers. To date, very little attention has been paid to miR-4458. Therefore, the aim of our study was to explore the function and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-4458 in HCC. We found that the expression of miR-4458 was reduced in HCC tissues and cell lines. Forced overexpression of miR-4458 inhibited the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells, while downregulation of miR-4458 promoted the aggressive phenotype. Furthermore, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1), the modulator of the TGF-β signaling pathway, was verified to be a novel target gene of miR-4458 by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Upregulated miR-4458 dramatically abolished TGFBR1 and p-Smad2/3 expression, thus blocking the TGF-β signaling pathway. Moreover, restoration of TGFBR1 partially rescued the miR-4458-mediated suppressive effect on the migration, invasion, and EMT and reactivated the TGF-β signaling pathway in HCC cells. In summary, our findings first demonstrated a mechanism of miR-4458 in HCC cell migration, invasion, and EMT by regulating the TGF-β signaling pathway via directly targeting TGFBR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yunhai Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xufu Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
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12
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miR-6086 inhibits ovarian cancer angiogenesis by downregulating the OC2/VEGFA/EGFL6 axis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:345. [PMID: 32393810 PMCID: PMC7214437 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs have emerged as a pivotal component of gene regulatory networks, mediating cytokines secretion, cell cycle, and differentiation regulation. However, how miRNAs collaborate with transcription factors and downstream effector proteins that determine the fate of ovarian cancer cells remains to be understood, especially regarding to mechanism of tumor angiogenesis regulation. Based on the qRT-PCR and IHC analysis, we found that miR-6086 was maintained a very low level both in ovarian cancer cell lines and tissues. Further, we identified OC2 and EGFL6 as the direct targets of miR-6086 by luciferase assay and we observed an inverse relationship between the expression of miR-6086 and the OC2/VEGFA/EGFL6 axis. The Western blotting analysis suggested that OC2 could directly upregulate VEGFA and indirectly up-regulate EGFL6 through VEGFA. Moreover, miR-6086 could indirectly downregulate VEGFA through OC2. In addition, miR-6086, siOC2 and siEGFL6 could negatively regulate the tumor growth and angiogenesis of ovarian cancer (Skov3) in the animal studies, with the inhibition rates of 77.07%, 69.89%, and 73.62%, respectively (**p < 0.01). Moreover, the tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cell lines (Caov3 and Skov3) and vascular formation (HUVECs) were significantly suppressed in vitro, by decreasing the AKT/MAPK pathways (*p < 0.05). Taken together, our results reveal that miR-6086 can suppress the angiogenesis networks in ovarian cancer by down-regulating the OC2/VEGFA/EGFL6 axis, directly or indirectly, which may provide potential targets for tumor therapeutics.
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Zhang W, Zhang XJ, Chao SY, Chen SJ, Zhang ZJ, Zhao J, Lv YN, Yao JJ, Bai YY. Update on urine as a biomarker in cancer: a necessary review of an old story. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2020; 20:477-488. [PMID: 32212972 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2020.1743687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer causes thousands of deaths worldwide each year. Therefore, monitoring of health status and the early diagnosis of cancer using noninvasive assays, such as the analysis of molecular biomarkers in urine, is essential. However, effective biomarkers for early diagnosis of cancer have not been established in many types of cancer.Areas covered: In this review, we discuss recent findings with regard to the use of urine composition as a biomarker in eleven types of cancer. We also highlight the use of urine biomarkers for improving early diagnosis.Expert opinion: Urinary biomarkers have been applied for clinical application of early diagnosis. The main limitation is a lack of integrated approaches for identification of new biomarkers in most cancer. The utilization of urinary biomarker detection will be promoted by improved detection methods and new data from different types of cancers. With the development of precision medicine, urinary biomarkers will play an increasingly important clinical role. Future early diagnosis would benefit from changes in the utilization of urinary biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao Jian Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shen Yan Chao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Su Juan Chen
- Synthetic Biology Engineering Lab of Henan Province, School of Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Zi Jing Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ya Nan Lv
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jing Jie Yao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yue Yu Bai
- Animal Health Supervision in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
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14
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Li C, Wang X, Song Q. MicroRNA 885-5p Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Repressing AEG1. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:981-988. [PMID: 32099401 PMCID: PMC6999541 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s228576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third major cause of cancer-related death. Mounting evidence shows that microRNAs play critical roles in the initiation and progression of HCC and may potentially serve as diagnostic markers for HCC. Methods and Results In the present study, we explored the biological effects of miR-885-5p on HCC progression. We performed flow cytometry analyses of miR-885-5p in HCC cell lines and identified miR-885-5p as a recurrence-related microRNA. Overexpression of miR-885-5p significantly inhibited cell migration, invasion, proliferation, angiogenesis and EMT. Then, the correlation of miR-885-5p and AEG1 were confirmed by using luciferase assays, quantitative real-time PCR analysis and Western blotting. It was subsequently confirmed that Astrocyte Elevated Gene1 (AEG1) was a direct target gene of miR-885-5p. Conclusion miR-885-5p likely acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating AEG1, suggesting that miR-885-5p may be a potential biomarker and can be targeted in therapeutic strategies against HCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China.,Department of Surgery Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China.,Center of Oncology and Minimally Invasive Intervention, Beijing You-an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China.,Department of Surgery, Beijing You-an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China.,Department of Surgery Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhang Y, Huang B, Chen Z, Yang S. Knockdown of LINC00473 Enhances Radiosensitivity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Regulating the miR-345-5p/FOXP1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:173-183. [PMID: 32021265 PMCID: PMC6957929 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s240113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer. Radioresistance is a significant obstacle in HCC therapy. Long non-coding RNA 473 (LINC00473) has been found to impair the effect of radiotherapy. This study aimed to explore the function and molecular basis of LINC00473 in the radiosensitivity of HCC cells. Methods The levels of LINC00473, miR-345-5p and Forkhead Box P1 (FOXP1) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Survival fraction was calculated by colony survival assay after exposure to different doses of radiation. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. The interaction among LINC00473, miR-345-5p and FOXP1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The protein level of FOXP1 was detected by Western blot assay. Results LINC00473 and FOXP1 were up-regulated, while miR-345-5p was down-regulated in HCC tissues and cells. Radiation elevated LINC00473 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Depletion of LINC00473 inhibited proliferation and heightened radiosensitivity and apoptosis in HCC cells. In addition, LINC00473 was a sponge of miR-345-5p. Also, miR-345-5p overexpression sensitized HCC cells to radiation. Moreover, miR-345-5p directly targeted FOXP1. MiR-345-5p inhibition or FOXP1 up-regulation reversed the enhanced radiosensitivity caused by LINC00473 knockdown. Conclusion LINC00473 contributed to radioresistance in HCC via modulating the miR-345-5p/FOXP1 axis, which might provide a promising diagnostic marker for HCC radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiming Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030012, People's Republic of China
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16
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Ziogas IA, Sioutas G, Mylonas KS, Tsoulfas G. Role of MicroRNA in the Diagnosis and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Microrna 2020; 9:25-40. [PMID: 31218966 DOI: 10.2174/2211536608666190619155406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and comes third in cancer-induced mortality. The need for improved and more specific diagnostic methods that can detect early-stage disease is immense, as it is amenable to curative modalities, while advanced HCC is associated with low survival rates. microRNA (miRNA) expression is deregulated in HCC and this can be implemented both diagnostically and therapeutically. OBJECTIVE To provide a concise review on the role of miRNA in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HCC. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive review of the PubMed bibliographic database. RESULTS Multiple miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. Measurement of the levels of these miRNAs either in tumor tissue or in the blood constitutes a promising diagnostic, as well as prognostic tool. OncomiRs are miRNAs that promote tumorigenesis, thus inhibiting them by administering antagomiRs is a promising treatment option. Moreover, replacement of the depleted miRNAs is another potential therapeutic approach for HCC. Modification of miRNA levels may also regulate sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION miRNA play a pivotal role in HCC pathogenesis and once the underlying mechanisms are elucidated, they will become part of everyday clinical practice against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis A Ziogas
- Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Surgery Working Group, Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Sioutas
- Surgery Working Group, Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece
- Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos S Mylonas
- Surgery Working Group, Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsoulfas
- 1st Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Mahmoudian-Sani MR, Asgharzade S, Alghasi A, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Adnani Sadati SJ, Moradi MT. MicroRNA-122 in patients with hepatitis B and hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 10:789-796. [PMID: 31392060 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.02.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is known as a serious problem in the domain of public health and approximately 350 million people across the world are affected with this infectious disease. As well, microRNAs are recognized as a type of small non-coding RNAs that can be widely used as a diagnostic biomarker and prognosis method of special diseases. In this respect, microRNA-122 or miR-122 can play a significant role in the pathogenesis of several hepatic diseases. Given the importance of microRNA-122 in the liver as well as its pathology, this study focused on the potential functions of microRNA-122 in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of HBV infection. In this regard, the findings of previous studies had indicated that expression of microRNA-122 in patients with HBV infection could be significantly deregulated. The results of this study were consistent with the idea that diagnosis and treatment of this infectious disease using microRNA-122 could be an efficient method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Samira Asgharzade
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Arash Alghasi
- Research Center of Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Jafar Adnani Sadati
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Moradi
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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LINC00460 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development through sponging miR-485-5p to up-regulate PAK1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109213. [PMID: 31376654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs can function as significant regulators of tumor development. However, their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly investigated. LINC00460 has been identified in several cancers, which can act as an oncogene. In this study, we observed that LINC00460 was significantly up-regulated in HCC cells, which implied that LINC00460 was involved in HCC development. Then, LINC00460 was silenced in Hep3B and Huh-7 cells and we found that knockdown of LINC00460 greatly inhibited HCC cell proliferation. In addition, HCC cell apoptosis was induced and meanwhile, cell cycle progression was blocked by down-regulation of LINC00460 in vitro. Furthermore, we proved that Hep3B and Huh-7 cell migration and invasion capacity was repressed by decrease of LINC00460. Recently, a growing number of studies have indicated the correlation between lncRNAs and microRNAs. Currently, we displayed that miR-485-5p was greatly decreased in HCC cells and LINC00460 could sponge miR-485-5p to regulate HCC progression. The binding association between LINC00460 and miR-485-5p was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pulled down and RIP assay in our research. Subsequently, PAK1 was predicted as a downstream target of miR-485-5p and we demonstrated that miR-485-5p suppressed PAK1 levels in vitro. Finally, in vivo experiments were conducted to validate that knockdown of LINC00460 repressed HCC development through modulating miR-485-5p to increase PAK1. Taken these together, we indicated that LINC00460 promoted HCC progression through sponging miR-485-5p and up-regulating PAK1.
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19
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LINE-1 hypomethylation in human hepatocellular carcinomas correlates with shorter overall survival and CIMP phenotype. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216374. [PMID: 31059558 PMCID: PMC6502450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactivation of interspersed repetitive sequences due to loss of methylation is associated with genomic instability, one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. LINE-1 hypomethylation is a surrogate marker for global methylation loss and is potentially a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in tumors. However, the correlation of LINE-1 hypomethylation with clinicopathological parameters and the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in patients with liver tumors is not yet well defined, particularly in Caucasians who show quite low rates of HCV/HBV infection and a higher incidence of liver steatosis. Therefore, quantitative DNA methylation analysis of LINE-1, RASSF1A, and CCND2 using pyrosequencing was performed in human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC, n = 40), hepatocellular adenoma (HCA, n = 10), focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH, n = 5), and corresponding peritumoral liver tissues as well as healthy liver tissues (n = 5) from Caucasian patients. Methylation results were correlated with histopathological findings and clinical data. We found loss of LINE-1 DNA methylation only in HCC. It correlated significantly with poor survival (log rank test, p = 0.007). An inverse correlation was found for LINE-1 and RASSF1A DNA methylation levels (r2 = -0.47, p = 0.002). LINE-1 hypomethylation correlated with concurrent RASSF1/CCND2 hypermethylation (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.02). Both LINE-1 hypomethylation and RASSF1A/CCND2 hypermethylation were not found in benign hepatocellular tumors (HCA and FNH). Our results show that LINE-1 hypomethylation and RASSF1A/CCND2 hypermethylation are epigenetic aberrations specific for the process of malignant liver transformation. In addition, LINE-1 hypomethylation might serve as a future predictive biomarker to identify HCC patients with unfavorable overall survival.
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Guo L, Li B, Miao M, Yang J, Ji J. MicroRNA‑663b targets GAB2 to restrict cell proliferation and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2913-2920. [PMID: 30720118 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that numerous tumor‑specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are upregulated or downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and that their dysregulation is implicated in HCC occurrence and development. Therefore, investigation of crucial miRNAs involved in HCC oncogenesis and progression may provide novel insights into the therapy of patients with this malignant tumor. In the present study, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) assays were performed to detect tissue and cellular expression levels of miRNA‑663b (miR‑663b) in HCC. The effects of miR‑663b overexpression on the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells were examined using Cell Counting Kit‑8 and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The direct target of miR‑663b in HCC cells was determined by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis. It was observed that miR‑663b was expressed at low levels in HCC tissues and cell lines. miR‑663b upregulation suppressed the proliferative and invasive abilities of HCC cells. Additionally, Grb2‑associated binding 2 (GAB2) was regarded as a direct target gene of miR‑663b in HCC cells. Furthermore, GAB2 was overexpressed in HCC tissues, and overexpression of GAB2 was inversely correlated with levels of miR‑663b. GAB2 overexpression was able to rescue the suppressive effects of miR‑663b on HCC cells. These results demonstrated that this newly‑identified miR‑663b/GAB2 axis may be implicated in HCC occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Guo
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Baoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Meijing Miao
- Department of Nursing, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Jinshan Ji
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College of Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shanxi 716000, P.R. China
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Xiong Y, Wu S, Yu H, Wu J, Wang Y, Li H, Huang H, Zhang H. miR-190 promotes HCC proliferation and metastasis by targeting PHLPP1. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:185-195. [PMID: 30092222 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs regulate gene expression and enable clinicians to distinguish between benign and malignant tissues in cancers. PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) is known to be a tumour suppressor. A lentiviral overexpression system was used to stably express miR-190, leading to the enhancement of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation and metastasis as a result of inhibited PHLPP1 expression. The results showed that stable miR-190 expression increased the expression of EMT-related proteins (Snail and TCF8/ZEB1) as well as the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 1 (ADAMTS1). However, restoring PHLPP1 expression counteracted the effects of miR-190 on HCC proliferation, migration and invasion. The results of the animal experiments showed that miR-190 improved the HepG2 cell tumour formation and lung metastasis ability. Stable miR-190 overexpression leads to the downregulation of PHLPP1 protein expression. miR-190 has potential as a target in the treatment and diagnosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Shang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Huajun Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China.
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Koperski Ł, Kotlarek M, Świerniak M, Kolanowska M, Kubiak A, Górnicka B, Jażdżewski K, Wójcicka A. Next-generation sequencing reveals microRNA markers of adrenocortical tumors malignancy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:49191-49200. [PMID: 28423361 PMCID: PMC5564760 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare finding among common adrenocortical tumors, but it is highly aggressive and requires early detection and treatment. Still, the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions is difficult even for experienced pathologists and there is a significant need for novel diagnostic methods. In this study we aimed to reveal a complete set of microRNAs expressed in the adrenal gland and to identify easily detectable, stable and objective biomarkers of adrenocortical malignancy. Methods We employed next-generation sequencing to analyze microRNA profiles in a unique set of 51 samples, assigned to either a learning dataset including 7 adrenocortical carcinomas (ACCs), 8 adrenocortical adenomas (AAs) and 8 control samples (NAs), or a validation dataset including 8 ACCs, 10 AAs and 10 NAs. The results were validated in real-time Q-PCR. Results We detected 411 miRNAs expressed in 1763 length isoforms in the examined samples. Fifteen miRNAs differentiate between malignant (ACC) and non-malignant (AA + NA) tissue in the test set of independent samples. Expression levels of 6 microRNAs, miR-503-5p, miR-483-3p, miR-450a-5p, miR-210, miR-483-5p, miR-421, predict sample status (malignancy/non-malignancy) with at least 95% accuracy in both datasets. The best single-gene malignancy marker, miR-483-3p, has been validated by real-time RT PCR. Conclusions As a result of the study we propose clinically valid and easily detectable biomarkers of adrenocortical malignancy that may significantly facilitate morphological examination. Since microRNAs can be detected in blood, the study brings tools for development of non-invasive diagnostics of adrenocortical carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Koperski
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kotlarek
- Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Center of New Technologies, CENT, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Świerniak
- Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Center of New Technologies, CENT, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Genomic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Kolanowska
- Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Center of New Technologies, CENT, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Genomic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kubiak
- Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Center of New Technologies, CENT, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Genomic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Górnicka
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krystian Jażdżewski
- Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Center of New Technologies, CENT, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Genomic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wójcicka
- Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Center of New Technologies, CENT, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Genomic Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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23
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Bhere D, Tamura K, Wakimoto H, Choi SH, Purow B, Debatisse J, Shah K. microRNA-7 upregulates death receptor 5 and primes resistant brain tumors to caspase-mediated apoptosis. Neuro Oncol 2018; 20:215-224. [PMID: 29016934 PMCID: PMC5777493 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRs) are known to play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis, controlling cell proliferation and apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the potential of miR-7 to prime resistant tumor cells to apoptosis in glioblastoma (GBM). Methods We created constitutive and regulatable miR-7 expression vectors and utilized pharmacological inhibition of caspases and genetic loss of function to study the effect of forced expression of miR-7 on death receptor (DR) pathways in a cohort of GBM with established resistance to tumor necrosis factor apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and in patient-derived primary GBM stem cell (GSC) lines. We engineered adeno-associated virus (AAV)-miR-7 and stem cell (SC) releasing secretable (S)-TRAIL and utilized real time in vivo imaging and neuropathology to understand the effect of the combined treatment of AAV-miR-7 and SC-S-TRAIL in vitro and in mouse models of GBM from TRAIL-resistant GSC. Results We show that expression of miR-7 in GBM cells results in downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor and phosphorylated Akt and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB signaling. This leads to an upregulation of DR5, ultimately priming resistant GBM cells to DR-ligand, TRAIL-induced apoptotic cell death. In vivo, a single administration of AAV-miR-7 significantly decreases tumor volumes, upregulates DR5, and enables SC-delivered S-TRAIL to eradicate GBM xenografts generated from patient-derived TRAIL-resistant GSC, significantly improving survival of mice. Conclusions This study identifies the unique role of miR-7 in linking cell proliferation to death pathways that can be targeted simultaneously to effectively eliminate GBM, thus presenting a promising strategy for treating GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhere
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kaoru Tamura
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sung Hugh Choi
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Purow
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jeremy Debatisse
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Khalid Shah
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Center for Stem Cell Therapeutics and Imaging, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Liu X, Yang L, Tu J, Cai W, Zhang M, Shou Z, Yao Y, Xu Q. microRNA-526b servers as a prognostic factor and exhibits tumor suppressive property by targeting Sirtuin 7 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:87737-87749. [PMID: 29152116 PMCID: PMC5675668 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that microRNA-526b (miR-526b) is implicated in the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. However, the clinical significance of miR-526b and its role as well as underlying mechanisms are largely unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we detected miR-526b expression difference between HCC and matched nontumor tissues with qRT-PCR. We found that miR-526b displayed lower expression in HCC patient tissues and cells. Clinical analysis revealed that low miR-526b expression correlated with large tumor size, venous infiltration, advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. Furthermore, miR-526b underexpression independently predicted poor prognosis of HCC patients. Functionally, we demonstrated that miR-526b inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro. Moreover, miR-526b overexpression restrained the tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we proved that miR-526b could directly bind to 3′UTR of sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) mRNA and repressed its expression. miR-526b and SIRT7 showed a negative correlation in HCC tissues. More importantly, up-regulating SIRT7 expression antagonized miR-526b-inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion in SMMC-7721 cells. Furthermore, miR-526b suppressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells. Immunoblotting analysis indicated that miR-526b reduced the levels of phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK), c-Myc, Cyclin D1, c-Jun, SNAIL and SLUG in HCC cells. SIRT7 restoration promoted phosphorylation of ERK and EMT in miR-526b overexpressing SMMC-7721 cells. Taken together, this is the first time we demonstrated that miR-526b might function as a prognostic biomarker and suppressed SIRT7 expression, and subsequently led to the growth and metastasis of HCC. Our findings provide miR-526b/SIRT7 axis as a promising drug target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Jianfeng Tu
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Wenwei Cai
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Meiqi Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Zhangxuan Shou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
| | - Yingmin Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310014, China
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25
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Wei R, Yang Q, Han B, Li Y, Yao K, Yang X, Chen Z, Yang S, Zhou J, Li M, Yu H, Yu M, Cui Q. microRNA-375 inhibits colorectal cancer cells proliferation by downregulating JAK2/STAT3 and MAP3K8/ERK signaling pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16633-16641. [PMID: 28186962 PMCID: PMC5369990 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-375 is involved in many types of alimentary system cancers. Our previous studies showed that microRNA-375 was significantly down-regulated in carcinoma tissues compared with para-carcinoma tissues, which strongly indicates that microRNA-375 might suppress the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer. However, the mechanism underlying the microRNA-375 regulation in colorectal cancer remains unclear. In this study, we first sorted out jak2, map3k8 and atg7 as microRNA-375 targeted genes from multiple databases, and found that jak2, map3k8 and their downstream genes stat3 and erk were up-regulated in carcinoma tissues. Secondly, we over-expressed microRNA-375 in colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, Caco2 and HT29). Our results showed that in microRNA-375 over-expressing cells, JAK2/STAT3 and MAP3K8/ERK proteins were down-regulated, cell proliferation was inhibited, cell migration rate did not change. There was no significant difference on ATG7 expression between the control group and microRNA-375 over-expressing HT29/Caco2 cells, whereas microRNA-375 down-regulated ATG7 specifically in HCT116 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that expressing microRNA-375 suppressed tumor formation in nude mice. In conclusion, microRNA-375 might function as a tumor-repressive gene to inhibit cell proliferation, mainly through targeting both JAK2/STAT3 and MAP3K8/ERK signaling pathways in colorectal cancer. These findings suggest miR-375 as a promising diagnostic marker and a therapeutic drug for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Biology in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Qin Yang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China.,Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yao
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyu Yang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Zexi Chen
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China.,Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Zhou
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Meizhang Li
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Haijing Yu
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Min Yu
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Molecular Biology in Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, P.R. China
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26
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Zuo C, Sheng X, Liu Z, Ma M, Xiong S, Deng H, Li S, Yang D, Wang X, Xiao H, Quan H, Xia M. MicroRNA-138 enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through interferon-stimulated gene 15 downregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28639887 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317710410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is a potential target for cancer therapy. However, many cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and its mechanism is not well understood. In this study, to identify potential therapeutic targets for TRAIL-resistant cancer cells, we compared the expression levels of interferon-stimulated gene 15 in TRAIL-sensitive and TRAIL-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Western blot analysis showed that interferon-stimulated gene 15 expression levels were significantly higher in resistant HLCZ01and Huh7 cells than in sensitive LH86 and SMMC-7721 cells. Interferon-stimulated gene 15 knockdown in resistance cells led to TRAIL sensitivity. Conversely, interferon-stimulated gene 15 overexpression in sensitive cells resulted in TRAIL resistance. Our bioinformatics search detected a putative target sequence for microRNA miR-138 in the 3' untranslated region of the interferon-stimulated gene 15. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that miR-138 was significantly downregulated in TRAIL-resistant cells compared to TRAIL-sensitive cells. Forced expression of miR-138 in resistant cells decreased both messenger RNA and protein levels of interferon-stimulated gene 15, and when exposed to TRAIL, activated poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase, indicating sensitization to TRAIL. The results suggested that miR-138 regulates the interferon-stimulated gene 15 expression by directly targeting the 3' untranslated region of interferon-stimulated gene 15 and modulates the sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. MiR-138 may be a target for therapeutic intervention in TRAIL-based drug treatments of resistant hepatocellular carcinoma or could be a biomarker to select patients who may benefit from the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Zuo
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyi Sheng
- 2 Graduate School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Ma
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhan Xiong
- 3 School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Deng
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sha Li
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Darong Yang
- 4 Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- 4 Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hu Quan
- 1 Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Oncology, Hunan Cancer Institute, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Man Xia
- 5 Department of Gynecological Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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27
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Wang Y. The inhibition of microRNA-15a suppresses hepatitis B virus-associated liver cancer cell growth through the Smad/TGF-β pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3520-3526. [PMID: 28498453 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the role of microRNA‑15a (miR‑15a) was investigated in hepatitis B virus (HBV)‑associated liver cancer. The results revealed that the expression levels of miR-15a were increased in HBV-associated liver cancer tissues compared with the levels in normal tumor‑adjacent tissues. Moreover, Smad-7 protein expression in patients with HBV-associated liver cancer was higher than that in normal tumor-adjacent tissues. In addition, miR-15a expression and Smad-7 protein expression were increased in HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells compared with that noted in L-02 normal hepatocytes. In HepG2 cells, miR-15a inhibition suppressed cell proliferation and increased Smad-7 protein expression. The inhibition of miR-15a was also demonstrated to decrease transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 protein expression and Smad-2, p-Smad-2 and Smad-4 expression levels in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, FSP1 protein expression and caspase-3/-7 activities were enhanced by miR-15a inhibition in HepG2 cells compared with the control group. Treatment with recombinant TGF-β1 was demonstrated to activate Smad‑2/-4 and FSP1 protein expression and increase caspase-3/-7 activity in HepG2 cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the miR-15a/Smad-7/TGF-β pathway is important in HBV-associated liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Binzhou Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Hospital, Huimin, Binzhou, Shandong 251700, P.R. China
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28
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Li M, Yang Y, Kuang Y, Gan X, Zeng W, Liu Y, Guan H. miR-365 induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis through targeting Bcl-2. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2279-2285. [PMID: 28565839 PMCID: PMC5443224 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently ranked as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. microRNAs (miRs) serve important roles in the development and progression of HCC. miR-365 has been demonstrated to function as a tumor suppressor in several types of cancer, including HCC; however, the mechanisms by which miR-365 regulates HCC apoptosis remains to be elucidated. In the present study, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine miR-365 expression levels in HCC and normal liver (LO2) cells. miR-365 overexpression was induced in SMC7721 cells using a plasmid-based system, and Cell Counting Kit-8 and TUNEL assays were performed to detect cell activity and apoptosis following miR-365 transfection. A luciferase assay was performed to determine the direct target of miR-365 in apoptosis regulation. Furthermore, a subcutaneously transplanted tumor model was established to evaluate the effects of miR-365 on tumor growth in vivo. The tumor tissue was used for further proliferation and apoptosis detection. The results of the present study indicated that miR-365 expression was significantly lower in HCC cells compared with LO2 cells (P<0.01). Transfection of SMC7721 cells with miR-365 plasmid significantly inhibited cell activity by inducing apoptosis (P<0.01). Luciferase assay indicated that miR-365 targets B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) directly and therefore induces the downstream expression of pro-apoptotic proteins. The SMC7721 primary tumor growth was significantly reduced by miR-365 transfection (P<0.01). Further investigation demonstrated that the miR-365 group contained significantly fewer cells that were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (P<0.01) and significantly more apoptotic cells (P<0.01). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that miR-365 may serve a role in inducing HCC apoptosis via directly targeting Bcl-2. This may provide a novel diagnosis and therapy target for the treatment of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Kuang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xianfeng Gan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Hua Guan or Dr Yuping Liu, Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 32 West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
| | - Hua Guan
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Hua Guan or Dr Yuping Liu, Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 32 West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China, E-mail: , E-mail:
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29
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Sun Y, Sun Y, Zhao R. Establishment of MicroRNA delivery system by PP7 bacteriophage-like particles carrying cell-penetrating peptide. J Biosci Bioeng 2017; 124:242-249. [PMID: 28442387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs have great therapeutic potential in cancer and other diseases. However, their instability and low in vivo delivery efficiency limits their application. Recombinant PP7 bacteriophage-based virus-like particles (VLPs) could protect microRNAs against rapid degradation by RNase by packaging specific exogenous pre-microRNAs using the pac site. Insertion of a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) into the AB-loop of VLPs could significantly improve the delivery efficiency of microRNAs into mammalian cells. Unlike other microRNA delivery methods (viral or non-viral vectors), recombinant PP7 VLPs carrying a CPP and microRNA could be efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli using the one-plasmid double expression system. Here we showed that PP7 VLPs carrying a CPP penetrated hepatoma SK-HEP-1 cells and delivered the pre-microRNA-23b, which was processed into a mature product within 24 h; a concentration of 10 nM was sufficient for the inhibition of hepatoma cell migration via the downregulation of liver-intestine cadherin expression. Furthermore, PP7 VLPs carrying a CPP and a pre-microRNA were not infectious, replicative, or cytotoxic. Therefore, recombinant PP7 VLPs can be used for simultaneous and targeted delivery of both microRNAs and peptides because of their ability to package specific exogenous RNA using the pac site and to display peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Sun
- Institute of Nanomedicine Technology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Key Discipline of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Shandong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Yanhua Sun
- Department of Hematology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- Institute of Nanomedicine Technology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province, Key Discipline of Clinical Laboratory Medicine of Shandong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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30
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Jiang G, Wen L, Deng W, Jian Z, Zheng H. Regulatory role of miR-211-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by targeting ZEB2. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:806-812. [PMID: 28437884 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of cancer and the rapid tumor growth, drug resistance and metastasis are the major problems for HCC therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) involve in various cell biological processes in HCC. ZEB2 plays crucial roles in HCC progression. ZEB2 is regulated by some identified miRNAs, but there needs to find new miRNAs regulating ZEB2 expression for better understanding the molecular mechanism of HCC. In the present study, ZEB2 was identified as a direct target of miR-211-5p, which was a potential oncogene in cancer. We found that miR-211-5p levels in HCC tissues were lower than the compared normal tissues. ZEB2 expression was higher in HCC tissues and was negatively related to miR-211-5p levels. Overexpression of miR-211-5p in human HCC cell lines (HepG2 and 7721) caused the delay of cell proliferation, apoptosis and drug sensitivity. Summarily, our study demonstrates that miR-211-5p may play a suppressing role in HCC by inhibiting ZEB2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbin Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Weiping Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China.
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Tunissiolli NM, Castanhole-Nunes MMU, Biselli-Chicote PM, Pavarino ÉC, da Silva RF, da Silva RDCMA, Goloni-Bertollo EM. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Comprehensive Review of
Biomarkers, Clinical Aspects, and Therapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:863-872. [PMID: 28545181 PMCID: PMC5494234 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cause of several deaths related to cancer worldwidely. In early stage, curative treatments such as surgical resection, liver transplant and local ablation can improve the patient ´s survival. However, the disease is detected in advanced stage; moreover some available therapies are restricted to palliative care and local treatment. Early detections of HCC and adequate therapy are crucial to increase survival as well as to improve the patient´s quality of life. Therefore, researchers have been investigating molecular biomarkers with high sensibility and reliability as Golgi 73 protein (GP73), Glypican-3 (GPC3), Osteopontin (OPN), microRNAs and others. MicroRNAs can regulate important pathways on carcinogenesis, as tumor angiogenesis and progression. So, they can be considered as possible markers of prognosis in HCC, and therapeutic target for this tumor type. In this review, we discuss the recent advances related to the cause (highlighting the main risk factors), treatment, biomarkers, clinic aspects, and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Martines Tunissiolli
- Research Unit of Genetics and Molecular Biology (UPGEM), São José do Rio Preto Medical School (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto- SP, Brazil
- Liver Tumors Study Group (GETF),São Jose do Rio Preto Medical
School (FAMERP), Sao Jose do Rio Preto- SP, Brazil.
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Anwar SL, Krech T, Hasemeier B, Schipper E, Schweitzer N, Vogel A, Kreipe H, Buurman R, Skawran B, Lehmann U. hsa-mir-183 is frequently methylated and related to poor survival in human hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:1568-1575. [PMID: 28321157 PMCID: PMC5340808 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i9.1568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To screen clinically relevant microRNAs (miRNAs) silenced by DNA methylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS Knockdown of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) using siRNAs and miRNA profiling in HCC cell lines were performed to identify DNA hypermethylation-mediated miRNA downregulation. Confirmation using individual quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays was then performed followed by DNA methylation quantification at the promoter of the miRNA genes. Quantification of DNA methylation and miRNA expression was then performed in primary HCC tumor samples and related with clinicopathological variables.
RESULTS miRNA profiling after DNMT knockdown in HCC cell lines revealed upregulation of miR-23, miR-25 and miR-183. After qRT-PCR confirmation and CpG island methylation quantification of these miRNAs in cell lines, further analysis in primary HCC specimens showed that hsa-miR-183 is hypermethylated in 30% of HCC (n = 40). Expression of mature miR-183 showed an inverse correlation with DNA methylation levels. In HCC cells, DNMT knockdown and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment reduced methylation and stimulated expression of miR-183. In HCC patients, hypermethylation at hsa-miR-183 promoter significantly correlates with poor survival (log-rank test P = 0.03). DNA methylation analysis in healthy liver, benign liver tumors (hepatocellular adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia) and their corresponding adjacent tissues showed absence of hypermethylation supporting the notion that aberrant methylation at hsa-miR-183 is specific for the malignant transformation of hepatocytes.
CONCLUSION Our data indicate that hypermethylation of hsa-miR-183 is a frequent event in HCC and potentially useful as a novel surrogate diagnostic and prognostic marker.
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Lin Y, Liu J, Huang Y, Liu D, Zhang G, Kan H. microRNA-489 Plays an Anti-Metastatic Role in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinase-7. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:211-220. [PMID: 28189067 PMCID: PMC5300296 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is actively involved in the pathogenesis and tumorigenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR-489 was found to play either oncogenic or tumor suppressive roles in human cancers. Recent study reported that the levels of miR-489 in late recurrent HCC patients were evidently higher than that in early recurrent cases, suggesting that miR-489 may function as a tumor suppressive miRNA in HCC. Yet, the clinical value and biological function of miR-489 remain rarely known in HCC. Here, we presented that miR-489 level in HCC tissues was notably reduced compared to matched non-cancerous specimens. Its decreased level was evidently correlated with adverse clinical parameters and poor prognosis of HCC patients. Accordingly, the levels of miR-489 were obviously down-regulated in HCC cells. Ectopic expression of miR-489 in HCCLM3 and MHCC97H cells prominently inhibits the migration and invasion of tumor cells and reduced lung metastases in vivo, while miR-489 knockdown increased these behaviors of HepG2 and MHCC97L cells. Mechanically, miR-489 negatively regulated matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7) abundance in HCC cells. Herein, MMP7 was found to be a downstream molecule of miR-489 in HCC. An inversely correlation between miR-489 and MMP7 was confirmed in HCC specimens. MMP7 knockdown prohibited cell migration and invasion while MMP7 overexpression showed opposite effects on HCC cells. Furthermore, restoration of MMP7 expression could abrogate the anti-metastatic effects of miR-489 on HCCLM3 cells with enhanced cell migration and invasion. Altogether, miR-489 potentially acts as a prognostic predictor and a drug-target for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiong Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dingli Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Heping Kan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 Guangzhou Road North, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Anwar SL, Wulaningsih W, Watkins J. Profile of the breast cancer susceptibility marker rs4245739 identifies a role for miRNAs. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:387-395. [PMID: 29372105 PMCID: PMC5785168 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the influence of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4245739 on the binding and expression of microRNAs and subsequent MDM4 expression and the correlation of these factors with clinical determinants of ER-negative breast cancers.
Methods: FindTar and miRanda were used to detect the manner in which potential microRNAs are affected by the SNP rs4245739-flanking sequence. RNA sequencing data for ER-negative breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to compare the expression of miR-184, miR-191, miR-193a, miR-378, and MDM4 in different rs4245739 genotypes.
Results: Comparison of ER-negative cancer patients with and without the expression of miR-191 as well as profile microRNAs (miR-184, miR-191, miR-193a and miR-378 altogether) can differentiate the expression of MDM4 among different rs4245739 genotypes. Although simple genotyping alone did not reveal significant clinical relationships, the combination of genotyping and microRNA profiles was able to significantly differentiate individuals with larger tumor size and lower number of involved lymph nodes (P < 0.05) in the risk group (A allele).
Conclusions: We present two novel methods to analyze SNPs within 3′UTRs that use: (i) a single miRNA marker expression and (ii) an expression profile of miRNAs predicted to bind to the SNP region. We demonstrate that the application of these two methods, in particular the miRNA profile approach, permits detection of new molecular and clinical features related to the rs4245739 variant in ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumadi Lukman Anwar
- PILAR Research Network, Cambridgeshire CB1 2JD, UK.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Wahyu Wulaningsih
- PILAR Research Network, Cambridgeshire CB1 2JD, UK.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.,Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Johnathan Watkins
- PILAR Research Network, Cambridgeshire CB1 2JD, UK.,Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Chang L, Li K, Guo T. miR-26a-5p suppresses tumor metastasis by regulating EMT and is associated with prognosis in HCC. Clin Transl Oncol 2016; 19:695-703. [PMID: 27864783 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the role of miR-26a-5p in tumor invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS We evaluated miR-26a-5p expression in HCC tissues by quantitative PCR and then analyzed its clinical significance using a Cox regression model. Transwell and nude mouse models were used to examine tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The relationship between miR-26a-5p and epithelial-mesenchymal transition was also investigated by q-PCR and western blot. RESULTS Strong downregulation of miR-26a-5p was observed in tumor tissues compared to paired adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, patients with low miR-26a-5p expression had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with high expression. The multivariate analysis indicated that miR-26a-5p expression was an independent prognostic indicator. The experimental transwell model and athymic mouse model revealed that miR-26a-5p depressed tumor metastasis in vitro and in vivo, respectively. In addition, the decreased miR-26a-5p level observed in HCC was associated with reduced E-cadherin expression and upregulation of vimentin, which affects the molecular mechanism of EMT. CONCLUSION Downregulation of miR-26a-5p promotes tumor metastasis by targeting EMT and influences the prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, miR-26a-5p has potential as a new biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, 430071, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - K Li
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, 430071, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - T Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Donghu Road 169, 430071, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Wu W, Dang S, Feng Q, Liang J, Wang Y, Fan N. MicroRNA-542-3p inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting FZD7/Wnt signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:100-105. [PMID: 27815069 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are relevant regulators of the tumorigenesis of various cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent studies have suggested that miR-542-3p is a tumor suppressor gene in numerous cancers. However, the role of miR-542-3p in HCC remains unclear. This study showed that miR-542-3p was downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. MTT, colony formation, and cell cycle assays revealed that miR-542-3p overexpression inhibited HCC cell growth, whereas miR-542-3p suppression promoted cell growth. Frizzled7 (FZD7), the most important Wnt receptor involved in cancer development and progression, was identified as a functional target of miR-542-3p through dual-luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. The mRNA expression of FZD7 was inversely correlated with miR-542-3p expression in HCC tissues. miR-542-3p overexpression could significantly decrease the activation of Wnt signaling pathway in HCC cells. FZD7 overexpression could significantly reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-542-3p on HCC cell growth and Wnt signaling pathway. Taken together, our study suggests that miR-542-3p inhibits HCC cell growth by targeting FZD7 and inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway. The decreased miR-542-3p expression may also contribute to the progression of HCC and may represent a novel molecular therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Shuangsuo Dang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China.
| | - Qinhui Feng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Junrong Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology Diseases, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Na Fan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
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Ezzat WM, Amr KS. Insights for hepatitis C virus related hepatocellular carcinoma genetic biomarkers: Early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:1251-1261. [PMID: 27843535 PMCID: PMC5084054 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i30.1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The current review explores the role of emerging molecular contributing factors in liver carcinogenesis on top of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Here we will try to discuss the role genetic and epigenetic factors in pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding the role of these factors will help in discovering the mystery of liver carcinogenesis on top of chronic HCV infection. Moreover, use of the studied molecular factors will provide the hepatologists with tailored diagnostic promising biomarkers and flatten the way for establishment of emerging molecular treatment based on exploring the molecular subscription of this aggressive liver cancer.
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38
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Jiang G, Wen L, Zheng H, Jian Z, Deng W. miR-204-5p targeting SIRT1 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:505-510. [PMID: 27748572 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangbin Jiang
- Department of Radiology; Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine (Suizhou Central Hospital); Hubei China
| | - Li Wen
- Science and Education; Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine (Suizhou Central Hospital); Hubei China
| | - Hongmei Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery; Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine; Hubei China
| | - Zhiyuan Jian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery; Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine; Hubei China
| | - Weiping Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology; Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine; Hubei China
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Li JJ, Luo J, Lu JN, Liang XN, Luo YH, Liu YR, Yang J, Ding H, Qin GH, Yang LH, Dang YW, Yang H, Chen G. Relationship between TRAF6 and deterioration of HCC: an immunohistochemical and in vitro study. Cancer Cell Int 2016; 16:76. [PMID: 27708550 PMCID: PMC5041287 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-016-0352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and the clinicopathological features in HCC as well as its biological function. Methods Totally, 412 liver tissues were collected, including 171 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their corresponding non-tumor tissues, 37 cirrhosis and 33 normal liver tissues. The expression of TRAF6 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Then, analysis of the correlations between TRAF6 expression and clinicopathological parameters in HCC was conducted. Furtherer, in vitro experiments on HepG2 and Hep3B cells were performed to validate the biological function of TRAF6 on HCC cells. TRAF6 siRNA was transfected into HepG2 and Hep3B cell lines and TRAF6 expression was evaluated with RT-qPCR and western blot. The assays of cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and caspase-3/7 activity were carried out to investigate the effects of TRAF6 on HCC cells with RNA interference. Cell viability was assessed with Cell Titer-Blue kit. Cell proliferation was tested with MTS kit. Cell apoptosis was checked through morphologic detection with fluorescence microscope, as well as caspase-3/7 activity was measured with fluorogenic substrate detection. Results The positive expression rate of TRAF6 protein was 49.7 % in HCC, significantly higher than that of normal liver (12.1 %), cirrhosis (21.6 %) and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (36.3 %, all P < 0.05). Upregulated TRAF6 was detected in groups with metastasis (Z = −2.058, P = 0.04) and with low micro-vessel density (MVD) expression (Z = −2.813, P = 0.005). Spearman correlation analysis further showed that the expression of TRAF6 was positively correlated with distant metastasis (r = 0.158, P = 0.039) and negatively associated with MVD (r = −0.249, P = 0.004). Besides, knock-down of TRAF6 mRNA in HCC cell lines HepG2 and Hep3B both resulted in cell viability and proliferation inhibition, also cell apoptosis induction and caspase-3/7 activity activation. Conclusions TRAF6 may contribute to metastasis and deterioration of the HCC via influencing cell growth and apoptosis. Thus, TRAF6 might become a predictive and therapeutic biomarker for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Western Branch, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ning Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Na Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Huan Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ru Liu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Ding
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Hui Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021 Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Republic of China
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Matz M, Lorkowski C, Fabritius K, Durek P, Wu K, Rudolph B, Neumayer HH, Mashreghi MF, Budde K. Free microRNA levels in plasma distinguish T-cell mediated rejection from stable graft function after kidney transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2016; 39:52-59. [PMID: 27663089 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential diagnostic value of circulating free miRNAs in plasma compared to miRNA expression in blood cells for rejection processes after kidney transplantation is largely unknown, but offers the potential for better and timely diagnosis of acute rejection. Free microRNA expression of specific blood cell markers was measured in 160 plasma samples from kidney transplant patients under standard immunosuppressive therapy (steroids±mycophenolic acid±calcineurin inhibitor) with stable graft function, urinary tract infection, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR), Borderline (Banff3), tubulo-interstitial (Banff4-I) and vascular rejection (Banff4-II/III) applying RT-PCR. The expression levels of specific microRNAs miR-15B, miR-103A and miR-106A discriminated patients with stable graft function significantly (p-values 0.001996, 0.0054 and 0.0019 resp.) from patients with T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) and from patients with urinary tract infection (p-values 0.0001, <0.0001 and 0.0001, resp.). A combined measurement of several microRNAs after multivariate logistic regression improved the diagnostic value supported by subsequent cross-validation. In conclusion, the measurement of circulating microRNAs in plasma from patients with renal transplants distinguishes TCMR and urinary tract infection from stable graft function. In contrast to miRNA expression measurement in blood cells it does not allow a discrimination from ABMR or interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareen Matz
- Department of Nephrology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christine Lorkowski
- Department of Nephrology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Fabritius
- Department of Nephrology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Durek
- Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kaiyin Wu
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Rudolph
- Department of Pathology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-H Neumayer
- Department of Nephrology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Klemens Budde
- Department of Nephrology, Universitätsmedizin Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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González-Vallinas M, Breuhahn K. MicroRNAs are key regulators of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell dissemination-what we learned from microRNA-494. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2016; 5:372-6. [PMID: 27500444 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2016.05.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Breuhahn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Chauhan R, Lahiri N. Tissue- and Serum-Associated Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:37-55. [PMID: 27398029 PMCID: PMC4933537 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s34413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the world, is offering a challenge to human beings, with the current modes of treatment being a palliative approach. Lack of proper curative or preventive treatment methods encouraged extensive research around the world with an aim to detect a vaccine or therapeutic target biomolecule that could lead to development of a drug or vaccine against HCC. Biomarkers or biological disease markers have emerged as a potential tool as drug/vaccine targets, as they can accurately diagnose, predict, and even prevent the diseases. Biomarker expression in tissue, serum, plasma, or urine can detect tumor in very early stages of its development and monitor the cancer progression and also the effect of therapeutic interventions. Biomarker discoveries are driven by advanced techniques, such as proteomics, transcriptomics, whole genome sequencing, micro- and micro-RNA arrays, and translational clinics. In this review, an overview of the potential of tissue- and serum-associated HCC biomarkers as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for drug development is presented. In addition, we highlight recently developed micro-RNA, long noncoding RNA biomarkers, and single-nucleotide changes, which may be used independently or as complementary biomarkers. These active investigations going on around the world aimed at conquering HCC might show a bright light in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Chauhan
- Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.; Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Reichl P, Mikulits W. Accuracy of novel diagnostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma: An update for clinicians (Review). Oncol Rep 2016; 36:613-25. [PMID: 27278244 PMCID: PMC4930874 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Accurate detection and differential diagnosis of early HCC can significantly improve patient survival. Currently, detection of HCC in clinical practice is performed by diagnostic imaging techniques and determination of serum biomarkers, most notably α-fetoprotein (AFP), fucosylated AFP and des-γ-carboxyprothrombin. However, these methods display limitations in sensitivity and specificity, especially with respect to early stages of HCC. Recently, high-throughput technologies have elucidated many new pathways involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and have led to the discovery of a plethora of novel, non-invasive serum biomarkers. In particular, the combination of AFP with these new candidate molecules has yielded promising results. In this review, we aimed at recapitulating the most recent (2013–2015) developments in HCC biomarker research. We compared promising novel diagnostic serum protein biomarkers, such as annexin A2, the soluble form of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and thioredoxin, as well as their combinations with AFP. High diagnostic performance (area under the curve >0.75) as shown by threshold-independent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was a prerequisite for inclusion in this review. In addition, we discuss the role and potential of microRNAs in HCC diagnosis and associated methodological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Reichl
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Mikulits
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Brücher BLDM, Li Y, Schnabel P, Daumer M, Wallace TJ, Kube R, Zilberstein B, Steele S, Voskuil JLA, Jamall IS. Genomics, microRNA, epigenetics, and proteomics for future diagnosis, treatment and monitoring response in upper GI cancers. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:13. [PMID: 27053248 PMCID: PMC4823224 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One major objective for our evolving understanding in the treatment of cancers will be to address how a combination of diagnosis and treatment strategies can be used to integrate patient and tumor variables with an outcome-oriented approach. Such an approach, in a multimodal therapy setting, could identify those patients (1) who should undergo a defined treatment (personalized therapy) (2) in whom modifications of the multimodal therapy due to observed responses might lead to an improvement of the response and/or prognosis (individualized therapy), (3) who might not benefit from a particular toxic treatment regimen, and (4) who could be identified early on and thereby be spared the morbidity associated with such treatments. These strategies could lead in the direction of precision medicine and there is hope of integrating translational molecular data to improve cancer classifications. In order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to understand the key issues in different aspects of biotechnology to anticipate future directions of personalized and individualized diagnosis and multimodal treatment strategies. Providing an overview of translational data in cancers proved to be a challenge as different methods and techniques used to obtain molecular data are used and studies are based on different tumor entities with different tumor biology and prognoses as well as vastly different therapeutic approaches. The pros and cons of the available methodologies and the potential response data in genomics, microRNA, epigenetics and proteomics with a focus on upper gastrointestinal cancers are considered herein to allow for an understanding of where these technologies stand with respect to cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn L. D. M. Brücher
- />Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Munich, Germany
- />Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Sacramento, CA USA
- />INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Munich, Germany
- />INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Sacramento, CA USA
- />Bon Secours Cancer Institute, Richmond, VA USA
- />Department of Surgery, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Yan Li
- />Proteogenomics Research Institute for Systems Medicine, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Philipp Schnabel
- />Institute of Pathology, University of Homburg Saar, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martin Daumer
- />Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Munich, Germany
- />Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Sacramento, CA USA
- />INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Munich, Germany
- />INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Sacramento, CA USA
- />Sylvia Lawry Center for MS Research, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Kube
- />Department of Surgery, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum, Cottbus, Germany
| | | | - Scott Steele
- />Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
- />Department of Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA USA
| | | | - Ijaz S. Jamall
- />Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Munich, Germany
- />Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Sacramento, CA USA
- />INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Munich, Germany
- />INCORE, International Consortium of Research Excellence of the Theodor-Billroth-Academy®, Sacramento, CA USA
- />Risk-Based Decisions, Inc., Sacramento, CA USA
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45
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MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:280. [PMID: 26927063 PMCID: PMC4813144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum levels of liver enzymes, such as alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and α-fetoprotein, provide insight into liver function and are used during treatment of liver disease, but such information is limited. In the case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is often not detected until an advanced stage, more sensitive biomarkers may help to achieve earlier detection. Serum also contains microRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression. miR-122 is specific to the liver and correlates strongly with liver enzyme levels and necroinflammatory activity, and other microRNAs are correlated with the degree of fibrosis. miR-122 has also been found to be required for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, whereas other microRNAs have been shown to play antiviral roles. miR-125a-5p and miR-1231 have been shown to directly target hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcripts, and others are up- or down-regulated in infected individuals. MicroRNA profiles also differ in the case of HBV and HCV infection as well as between HBeAg-positive and negative patients, and in patients with occult versus active HBV infection. In such patients, monitoring of changes in microRNA profiles might provide earlier warning of neoplastic changes preceding HCC.
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46
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Zhang Q, Zhao S, Pang X, Chi B. MicroRNA-381 suppresses cell growth and invasion by targeting the liver receptor homolog-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1831-40. [PMID: 26677080 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as prospective tools for human cancer therapy, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. Previous studies have suggested that miR-381 functions as oncogenic or tumor-suppressive miRs in other cancer types. However, the role of miR-381 in HCC remains unknown. The present study investigated the expression and functional role of miR-381 in HCC. miR-381 expression was significantly decreased in HCC tissues and cell lines. miR-381 overexpression significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation and colony formation, induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and suppressed cell invasion. Conversely, suppression of miR-381 showed the opposite effect in HCC cells. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay results showed that miR-381 directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region of liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis results showed that miR-381 negatively modulated LRH-1 expression. Data elucidated that miR-381 directly regulated HCC cell growth and invasion, as well as the Wnt signaling pathways, by targeting LRH-1. Clinical tissue detection data revealed an inverse correlation between miR-381 and LRH-1 expression in HCC tissues, further indicating the functional significance of miR-381-LRH-1 in regulating HCC tumorigenesis. The present study indicates that miR-381 may be a novel tumor suppressor that blocks HCC growth and invasion by targeting LRH-1. The results present novel insights into understanding the molecular mechanism underlying HCC tumorigenesis and provide a future direction to the development of therapeutic interventions for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Shixing Zhao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Baorong Chi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Ding WZ, Ni QF, Lu YT, Kong LL, Yu JJ, Tan LW, Kong LB. MicroRNA-497 regulates cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1081-1088. [PMID: 26893696 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary cancer of the liver. MicroRNA-497 (miR-497) is known to be downregulated in several types of human cancer; however, the expression, function and underlying mechanisms of miR-497 in HCC remain unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated miR-497 expression in HCC samples and HCC-derived cell lines using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression of one of the predicted common targets of miR-497, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), was assessed using western blot analyses and immunohistochemistry. The role of miR-497 in regulating the proliferation of HCC-derived cells was also investigated in vitro and in vivo. Of 60 paired specimens from HCC patients, miR-497 was downregulated in 42 cancer specimens compared with adjacent non-cancer tissues. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that IGF-1R expression was significantly increased in HCC compared to control tissues. In addition, overexpression of miR-497 was observed to inhibit colony formation and tumor growth in MHCC-97H human HCC cells. Conversely, SMMC-7721 human HCC cells transfected with a miR-497 inhibitor exhibited enhanced colony formation and tumor growth. Finally, IGF-1R protein, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway-associated proteins and cyclin pathway-associated proteins were differentially expressed between miR-497-overexpressing cells and miR-497-silenced cells. These results indicate that miR-497 may be a potentially effective gene therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhou Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi 214002, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Feng Ni
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Ting Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Ningbo Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Liang Kong
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Yu
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Long-Wei Tan
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Bao Kong
- Department of Liver Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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48
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Zhang ZQ, Lu SM. Roles of microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:4844-4851. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i30.4844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules consisting of 22 nucleotides, regulating the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional or translational level. miRNAs play important roles in several physiological and physiopathological processes such as individual development, cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and tumorigenesis. miRNAs may promote the development of malignant tumors by participating in the regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, or they may function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes themselves. Studies have indicated that miRNAs are closely associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation and progression. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge about the roles of miRNAs in the occurrence and development of HCC, as well as the value of miRNAs in the diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
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49
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Wu WL, Wang WY, Yao WQ, Li GD. Suppressive effects of microRNA-16 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1713-9. [PMID: 26499886 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-16 is known to be abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and the overexpression of miR-16 inhibits the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of various cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are closely related to the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC. The present study aimed to explore the effects of miR-16 on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC cells, and to elucidate the mechanisms involved. A cell line with moderate levels of miR‑16 expression was selected from the SMMC-7721, HepG2, SK-Hep-1 and Huh‑7 HCC cells and validated by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). The effects of miR‑16 on HCC cell viability were determined by MTT assay; cell migration and invasion were determined by Transwell cell invasion assay, and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometery (FCM). Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression levels of the apoptosis-related proteins, Bax, Bcl-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, as well as to examine epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and E-cadherin, vimentin, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway-related protein expression. The mRNA expression levels of miR‑16 were highest in the SMMC-7721 cells and lowest in the SK-Hep‑1 and Huh‑7 cells; moderate levels were observed in the HepG2 cells. The HepG2 cell line was selected as the cell line for use in the follow-up experiments, where we measured cell viability, and the expression of PI3k/Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and E-cadherin and vimentin. miR‑16 overexpression significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of the HepG2 cells, as shown by western blot analysis. This was achieved through the upregulation of Bax expression, the downregulation of Bcl-2 expression and the decrease in the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition the expression of E-cadherin increased and vimentin expression decreased. miR‑16 overexpression inhibited PI3K expression and Akt phosphorylation. The results of this study suggest that the overexpression of miR‑16 inhibits the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HepG2 HCC cells, and that these effects are associated with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lu Wu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ya Wang
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Qing Yao
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Gan-Di Li
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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50
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XU XUEHU, WU XIAOBING, JIANG QINGPING, SUN YAN, LIU HAIBO, CHEN RONG, WU SHANGBIAO. Downregulation of microRNA-1 and microRNA-145 contributes synergistically to the development of colon cancer. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1630-8. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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