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Moradi N, Fadaei R, Roozbehkia M, Nourbakhsh M, Nourbakhsh M, Razzaghy-Azar M, Larijani B. Meteorin-like Protein and Asprosin Levels in Children and Adolescents with Obesity and Their Relationship with Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome. Lab Med 2023; 54:457-463. [PMID: 36762837 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two newly discovered adipokines, including Meteorin-like protein (Metrnl) and asprosin, have been implicated in glucose and insulin metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the associations of these adipokines with obesity in children and adolescents. METHODS This study was performed on 35 normal-weight children and 35 children with obesity. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were determined. Serum concentrations of Metrnl, asprosin, and insulin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Metrnl level was significantly lower in obese children than normal-weight children. Additionally, Metrnl was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), insulin, waist-to-hip ratio, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Our results also revealed that circulating asprosin levels were significantly increased in obese children compared to the control subjects and were positively correlated with BMI, insulin, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, and LDL-C. CONCLUSION Obesity is accompanied by significant alterations in Metrnl and asprosin and therefore these adipokines, especially Metrnl, are suggested as new promising therapeutic targets for obesity and its associated metabolic imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariman Moradi
- Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fadaei
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Roozbehkia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TehranIran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Nourbakhsh
- Hazrat Aliasghar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Razzaghy-Azar
- Hazrat Aliasghar Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Skrypnik D, Skrypnik K, Suliburska J, Bogdański P. Leptin-VEGF crosstalk in excess body mass and related disorders: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2023:e13575. [PMID: 37230803 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
By 2030, it is expected that a billion people will have suffer from obesity. Adipose tissue synthesizes leptin, an adipokine that affects cardiovascular risk. Leptin intensifies the synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Our study reviews recent reports on leptin-VEGF crosstalk in obesity and related disorders. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched. One hundred and one articles involving human, animal, and in vitro research were included. In vitro studies show the crucial role of interaction between endothelial cells and adipocytes and hypoxia as a factor that intensifies leptin's effects on VEGF. Leptin-VEGF crosstalk promotes the progression of cancer. The animal research reveal that a high-fat diet enhances leptin and VEGF crosstalk. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms and procreator-offspring programming may be involved in leptin-VEGF crosstalk. Some female-specific characteristics of leptin-VEGF relation in obesity were observed. The human studies have shown that increased leptin and VEGF synthesis and leptin-VEGF crosstalk are factors linking obesity with elevated cardiovascular risk. The studies of the last 10 years documented a range of significant aspects of leptin-VEGF crosstalk specific for obesity and related disorders, shedding new light on the link between obesity and increased cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Meza-Alvarado JC, Page RA, Mallard B, Bromhead C, Palmer BR. VEGF-A related SNPs: a cardiovascular context. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1190513. [PMID: 37288254 PMCID: PMC10242119 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1190513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. Currently, cardiovascular disease risk algorithms play a role in primary prevention. However, this is complicated by a lack of powerfully predictive biomarkers that could be observed in individuals before the onset of overt symptoms. A key potential biomarker for heart disease is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), a molecule that plays a pivotal role in blood vessel formation. This molecule has a complex biological role in the cardiovascular system due to the processes it influences, and its production is impacted by various CVD risk factors. Research in different populations has shown single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may affect circulating VEGF-A plasma levels, with some variants associated with the development of CVDs, as well as CVD risk factors. This minireview aims to give an overview of the VEGF family, and of the SNPs reported to influence VEGF-A levels, cardiovascular disease, and other risk factors used in CVD risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - B. R. Palmer
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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4
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Fujikawa T, Kobayashi M, Wagner S, Duarte K, Scherdel P, Heude B, Dupont V, Bozec E, Bresso E, Zannad F, Rossignol P, Girerd N. Associations of childhood adiposity with adult intima-media thickness and inflammation: a 20-year longitudinal population-based cohort. J Hypertens 2023; 41:402-410. [PMID: 36728849 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between childhood adiposity and adult increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) have been well established, which might be corroborated by the association between adiposity in children and inflammation in adults. However, longitudinal data regarding biological pathways associated with childhood adiposity are lacking. METHODS The current study included participants from the STANISLAS cohort who had adiposity measurements at age 5-18 years [ N = 519, mean (SD) age, 13.0 (2.9) years; 46.4% male], and who were measured with cIMT, vascular-related and metabolic-related proteins at a median follow-up of 19 ± 2 years. BMI, waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference were converted to age-specific and sex-specific z -scores. RESULTS A minority of children were overweight/obese (16.2% overweight-BMI z -score >1; 1.3% obesity- z -score >2). Higher BMI, waist-height ratio and waist circumference in children were significantly associated with greater adult cIMT in univariable analysis, although not after adjusting for C-reactive protein. These associations were more pronounced in those with consistently high adiposity status from childhood to middle adulthood. Participants with higher adiposity during childhood (BMI or waist-height ratio) had higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1, protein-2, matrix metalloproteinase-3, osteopontin, hemoglobin and C-reactive protein in adulthood. Network analysis showed that IL-6, insulin-like growth factor-1 and fibronectin were the key proteins associated with childhood adiposity. CONCLUSION In a population-based cohort followed for 20 years, higher BMI or waist-to-height ratio in childhood was significantly associated with greater cIMT and enhanced levels of proteins reflective of inflammation, supporting the importance of inflammation as progressive atherosclerosis in childhood adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomona Fujikawa
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Masatake Kobayashi
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Sandra Wagner
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Kevin Duarte
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Pauline Scherdel
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early Determinants of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris
| | - Barbara Heude
- INSERM, UMR1153 Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (CRESS), Early Determinants of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Paris
| | - Vincent Dupont
- Departement of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims
- French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network, Investigation Network Initiative - Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (F-CRIN INI-CRCT), Reims, France
| | - Erwan Bozec
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Emmanuel Bresso
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, INSERM 1116, CHRU de Nancy
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists Network, Nancy
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Motawea MM, Zaki MES, Saif M, Osman AOBS, Nada AM. Study of single nucleotide polymorphism of vascular endothelium factor in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2022; 8:9. [PMID: 36517920 PMCID: PMC9753302 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-022-00146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic alterations and high levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are presumptive risk factors for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). OBJECTIVE This work aims to study the presence of - 634G/C polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor (rs2010963) and its' serum level in patients with DTC and comparing these results with those of the control subjects. MATERIAL AND METHOD The study was a retrograde case-control study that included seventy patients with DTCin addition to seventy apparently healthy control subjects. Blood sample was taken and subjected to study of - 634G/C VEGF polymorphism (rs2010963) by real time PCR and measurement of its' plasma level by immunoassay kit (ELISA). RESULTS Regarding genotyping of VEGFA - 634G/C (rs2010963) polymorphism, there was significant increase in CG and GG genotypes (28.6%, 18.6% respectively) among patients compared to control subjects (20.0%, 4.3% respectively) and significant increase in CC genotype in control subjects (75.7%) compared to patients (52.9%), P = 0.001. The VEGF mean ± SD level was significantly elevated in patients compared to control subjects (1215.81 ± 225.78 versus 307.16 ± 91.81, P = 0.006). Moreover, there was significant increase in VEGF levels in patients with CG and GG genotypes (1295.9 ± 68.74, 1533.08 ± 109.95, respectively) compared to patients with CC genotype (1061 163.25), P = 0.001). CONCLUSION There was significant increase in GG and CG genotypes in patients with DTC compared to control subjects which may suggest a predisposing role for these genotypes in development of DTC. Moreover, there was significant increase in serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with GG and CG genotypes which may reflect the mechanism of these genotypes in development of DTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Mohsen Motawea
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maysaa El Sayed Zaki
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Clinical Pathology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha Saif
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Oncology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Osama BS Osman
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XClinical Pathology Department, Assuit Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Aml Mohamed Nada
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Internal Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Differential Expression of HIF1A, EPAS1, and VEGF Genes in Benign and Malignant Ovarian Neoplasia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194899. [PMID: 36230822 PMCID: PMC9563807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological malignancies. Moreover, at the time of the first clinical manifestation, most patients have an advanced stage of the disease. Our study examined differences in mRNA levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A); endothelial PAS domain protein 1, also known as hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha (HIF2A/EPAS1); and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) between cancerous tissue, benign hyperplastic changes in the ovary, and normal tissue. We found that gene expression changes were visible not only in the case-control study, but also along with changes in severity. We observed disturbances in the expression levels of interdependent genes. Our findings suggest that mutual association in the expression of both HIF1A and HIF2A/EPAS1 with VEGFA has prognostic importance for patients with OC. Our observations may help identify patients for clinical trials aimed at inhibiting the hypoxia-induced neovascularization-dependent pathways. Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological malignancies. Moreover, at the time of the first clinical manifestation, most patients have an advanced stage of the disease. Our study examined differences in mRNA levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A); endothelial PAS domain protein 1, also known as hypoxia-inducible factor 2-alpha (HIF2A/EPAS1); and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) between cancerous tissue, benign hyperplastic changes in the ovary, and normal tissue. Our cohorts consisted of 52 patients diagnosed with OC (n = 55), benign non-cancerous changes (n = 21), and normal tissue samples (n = 38). The mRNA expression level was evaluated using RT-qPCR. We found that gene expression changes were visible not only in the case-control study, but also along with changes in severity. Additionally, the gene expression was differentiated in age, BMI, menopausal status, and the number of comorbidy-related groups. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that analyzing the correlation between genes is essential. In a case-to-case and case-to-control study, we observed disturbances in the expression levels of interdependent genes. Our findings suggest that mutual association in the expression of both HIF1A and HIF2A/EPAS1 with VEGFA has prognostic importance for patients with OC. Our observations may help identify patients for clinical trials aimed at inhibiting the hypoxia-induced neovascularization-dependent pathways.
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Skrypnik D, Skrypnik K, Suliburska J, Bogdański P. Cardiac rehabilitation may influence leptin and VEGF A crosstalk in patients after acute coronary syndrome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11825. [PMID: 35821400 PMCID: PMC9276756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16053-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin, a well-proven cardiovascular risk factor, influences vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A) synthesis via hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1A), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NfkB) and NILCO (Notch, interleukin 1 [IL1] and leptin cross-talk outcome) pathways. This study aimed to investigate the influence of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on HIF-1A, NfkB and NILCO dependent leptin and VEGF A cross-talk in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Fifty post-ACS patients underwent a 2-week CR programme (study group S) and were compared to 50 post-ACS subjects who did not undergo CR (control group K). In group S, at baseline and at completion and in group K once, anthropometric, body composition, blood pressure and heart rate measurements were taken and blood sampling was performed. Serum levels of leptin, VEGF A, VEGF receptor 2 (VEGF R2), HIF-1A, NfkB, interleukin 1-alpha (IL1-alpha) and Notch 1 were determined. In group S, serum VEGF A levels increased while leptin, HIF-1A and VEGF R2 levels decreased and completion but not baseline serum leptin correlated positively with serum VEGF A. Also, serum completion VEGF A correlated positively with NfkB and HIF-1A in group S. Correlation analysis in group S confirmed the significant role of the NILCO pathway in the regulation of VEGF A serum levels mediated by HIF-1A and NfkB. CR may induce the predomination of the NILCO pathway interacting with HIF-1A and NfkB over leptin canonical and non-canonical signalling pathways in the leptin influence on VEGF A in post-ACS patients. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03935438. The CARDIO-REH randomised study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569, Poznan, Poland
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Gaddas M, Latiri I, Kebaili R, Kacem I, Jaballah N, Maatoug J, Salaani M, Boughammoura L, Ben Saad H. Reversibility of pancreatic β-cells dysfunction after vitamin D and calcium supplementation: a pilot study in a population of obese and prepubescent North-African children. Libyan J Med 2022; 17:2059896. [PMID: 35388742 PMCID: PMC9004520 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2022.2059896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of diabetogenesis in children remain largely obscure. This study aimed to determine the impact of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on pancreatic β-cells function in terms of insulin secretion and sensitivity. This was a quasi-experimental study involving 30 obese and prepubescent Tunisian children (57% boys). During three months, the children received calcium and vitamin D supplementation at therapeutic doses. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at the beginning and at the end of the study. The following metabolic definitions were applied: i) hyperinsulinism: insulinemia sum > 300 μ UI/ml during OGTT, ii) insulin-resistance: homeostatic model assessment of insulin-resistance > 2, iii) normal glycaemic profile: normal plasma levels during OGTT without any spike, and iv) pancreatic β-cells dysfunction reversibility: disappearance of the aforementioned disorders. The means ± standard-deviation of age and body mass index were 10.87 ± 1.9 years, and 30.17 ± 4.99 kg/m2, respectively. All children were at the stage of hyperinsulinism associated with insulin-resistance. These disturbances were noted even in children having a normal glycaemic profile at OGTT. After calcium and vitamin D supplementation, glycaemic profile as well as insulin-secretion improved significantly (p < 0.0001). Hyperinsulinism and insulin-resistance decreased significantly by 56.67% (p < 0.0001) and 70.00% (p < 0.0001), respectively. Complete reversibility of these two disorders was noted in 26.6% of children. To conclude, in obese and prepubescent children, vitamin D and calcium supplementation led to the reversibility of the pancreatic β-cells dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Gaddas
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Service de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie.,University of Sousse, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Departement of physiology and functional explorations, Sousse, Tunisia Sousse
| | - Imed Latiri
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Service de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie.,Laboratoire de recherche LR12SP09 «Insuffisance cardiaque», Université de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Sousse, Tunisie
| | - Raoudha Kebaili
- Paediatrics Department, Farhat HACHED Hospital of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ilhem Kacem
- Basic Health Center «Sousse Jawhara", Outpatient consultation, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Jaballah
- Paediatrics Department, Farhat HACHED Hospital of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Jihene Maatoug
- Epidemiology Department, Farhat HACHED Hospital of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salaani
- Paediatrics Department, Farhat HACHED Hospital of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Boughammoura
- Paediatrics Department, Farhat HACHED Hospital of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Service de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie.,University of Sousse, Farhat HACHED Hospital, Departement of physiology and functional explorations, Sousse, Tunisia Sousse.,Laboratoire de recherche LR12SP09 «Insuffisance cardiaque», Université de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Sousse, Tunisie
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AlTamimi JZ, Alshwaiyat NM, AlFaris NA, AlKehayez NM, Ahmad A, Alagal RI. Differences in Overweight and Obesity Prevalence in Middle-Aged Men from Twelve Middle Eastern and Asian Countries Living in Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3333-3343. [PMID: 35355799 PMCID: PMC8959720 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s359639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to determine differences in overweight and obesity prevalence and the associated sociodemographic variables among middle-aged men from twelve Middle Eastern and Asian countries living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study. The study sample was chosen randomly using a stratified clustered sampling technique. The weight and height of 1800 middle-aged men (36 to 59 years) from twelve Middle Eastern and Asian countries living in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, were measured using standardized methods. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather sociodemographic information from participants. Results Overweight and obesity were reported among 51.9% and 14.7% of participants, respectively. Nationality was a predictor of overweight and obesity. Subjects from Bangladesh and Saudi Arabia had the lowest (41.0%) and highest (85.1%) rates of overweight and obesity, respectively. Increasing age, staying in Saudi Arabia for a longer period, being single, and earning a high monthly income were associated with a significantly higher risk of overweight and obesity among the participants. Conclusion The findings revealed significant differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among participants from different countries living in Saudi Arabia. Sociodemographic variables associated with overweight and obesity among participants were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozaa Z AlTamimi
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem M Alshwaiyat
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora M AlKehayez
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aryati Ahmad
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.,Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Reham I Alagal
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Clinical Implications of MiR128, Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Abnormalities and Their Association with T2D. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1859-1875. [PMID: 34889890 PMCID: PMC8928978 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 DM (T2D) results from the interaction of the genetic and environmental risk factors. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), and MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are involved in important physiological processes. Gene variations in VEGF, ACE and MiRNA genes are associated with diseases. In this study we investigated the associations of the VEGF-2578 C/A (rs699947), VEGF-2549 insertion/deletion (I/D), and ACE I/D rs4646994 and Mir128a (rs11888095) gene variations with T2D using the amplification refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR) and mutation specific PCR (MSP). We screened 122 T2D cases and 126 healthy controls (HCs) for the rs699947, and 133 T2D cases and 133 HCs for the VEGF I/D polymorphism. For the ACE I/D we screened 152 cases and 150 HCs, and we screened 129 cases and 112 HCs for the Mir128a (rs11888095). The results showed that the CA genotype of the VEGF rs699947 and D allele of the VEGF I/D polymorphisms were associated with T2D with OR =2.01, p-value = 0.011, and OR = 2.42, p-value = 0.010, respectively. The result indicated the D allele of the ACE ID was protective against T2D with OR = 0.10, p-value = 0.0001, whereas the TC genotype and the T allele of the Mir128a (rs11888095) were associated with increased risk to T2D with OR = 3.16, p-value = 0.0001, and OR = 1.68, p-value = 0.01, respectively. We conclude that the VEGF (rs699947), VEGF I/D and Mir128a (rs11888095) are potential risk loci for T2D, and that the D allele of the ACE ID polymorphism may be protective against T2D. These results help in identification and stratification for the individuals that at risk for T2D. However, future well-designed studies in different populations and with larger sample sizes are required. Moreover, studies to examine the effects of these polymorphisms on VEGF and ACE proteins are recommended.
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Skrypnik D, Skrypnik K, Pelczyńska M, Sobieska M, Tinkov AA, Suliburska J, Bogdański P. The effect of Plantago major supplementation on leptin and VEGF-A serum levels, endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis in obese women - a randomised trial. Food Funct 2021; 12:1708-1718. [PMID: 33502416 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01878c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased serum leptin level, endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis. In vitro studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis is increased by leptin. Animal studies revealed the effectiveness of Plantago supplementation treatment of obesity. The study aim was to evaluate the effect of Plantago major supplementation on serum leptin and VEGF blood concentration, endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis in obese women. Seventy-two obese women received oral Plantago major supplement (Plantago group, n = 35) or placebo (placebo group, n = 37) for 12 weeks. At baseline and after completion, anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed, and blood samples were collected. Serum concentrations of leptin, VEGF-A, adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor α and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule have been determined. At completion, the leptin level was higher in the Plantago group (39 781.55 ± 20 360.73 pg ml-1) compared to both the baseline (36 138.71 ± 25 401.51 pg ml-1) and placebo group (30 502.81 ± 19 003.18 pg ml-1). Also, leptin concentration in the Plantago group at completion correlated positively with an increase in VEGF-A level (R = 0.45), and baseline VEGF-A level correlated negatively with the increase in leptin concentration (R = -0.47). Plantago major supplementation increases leptin serum level, enhances leptin influence on VEGF-A serum level increase and by this mechanism may intensify endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Pelczyńska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Sobieska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 28. Czerwca 1956r St 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia. and Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Bioelementology, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia and Laboratory of Molecular Dietology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St 84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland.
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12
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Wang YM, Chen Y, Zheng YJ, Huang YC, Chen WW, Ji R, Xu LL, Yang ZT, Sheng HQ, Qu HP, Mao EQ, Chen EZ. Low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h and persistent negative fluid balance from the second day are associated with favorable prognosis for patients with sepsis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:387. [PMID: 33680109 PMCID: PMC7918047 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For patients with sepsis and septic shock, it remains controversial when to restrict fluid intake and achieve a negative fluid balance. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the fluid intake volume during the first 24 h as well as fluid balance for 7 days on the prognosis of sepsis or septic shock. A total of 337 patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock at Ruijin Hospital (Shanghai, China) were enrolled in the present retrospective study. Patients with a low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h (fluid intake, 28.1±10.6 ml/kg) had lower in-hospital mortality rates (18.0 vs. 27.3%, P=0.043) and a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation [0 (0-6) vs. 3 (0-11), P=0.025] than the high-fluid volume intake group (62.6±17.6 ml/kg). Furthermore, survivors exhibited a daily negative net fluid balance from the second day (48 h), whereas non-survivors had a daily positive net fluid balance for 7 days, where fluid balance volumes were significantly lower in survivors compared with those in non-survivors. Finally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the mean daily fluid balance (P<0.001) and the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (P=0.048) were independent prognostic factors for patients with sepsis or septic shock. It was indicated that a low fluid intake volume during the first 24 h and a persistent negative fluid balance from the second day were associated with favorable outcomes. The mean daily fluid balance was an independent prognostic factor or patients with sepsis or septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Wang
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Zheng
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Chuan Huang
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ran Ji
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Xu
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Tao Yang
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Qiu Sheng
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Ping Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - En-Qiang Mao
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Er-Zhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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Banach W, Nitschke K, Krajewska N, Mongiałło W, Matuszak O, Muszyński J, Skrypnik D. The Association between Excess Body Mass and Disturbances in Somatic Mineral Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197306. [PMID: 33022938 PMCID: PMC7582962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity and excess body weight are significant epidemiological issues, not only because they are costly to treat, but also because they are among the leading causes of death worldwide. In 2016, an estimated 40% of the global population was overweight, reflecting the importance of the issue. Obesity is linked to metabolism malfunction and concomitantly with altered mineral levels in the body. In this paper, we review alterations in somatic levels of iron, calcium, magnesium, copper, iodine, chromium, selenium, and zinc in relation to excess body mass. Methodology: An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed. Our search covered original English research articles published over the past five years, culminating in 63 papers included for study. Results: The reviewed papers presented correlation between obesity and hypomagnesemia and hypozincemia. They also indicated that patients with excess body mass present increased body copper levels. Studies have similarly indicated that obesity appears to be associated with lower selenium levels in both blood and urine, which may be correlated with the decline and weakening of defenses against oxidative stress. It has been found that decreased level of chromium is connected with metabolic syndrome. Chromium supplementation influences body mass, but the effect of the supplementation depends on the chemical form of the chromium. It is hypothesized that obesity poses a risk of iodine deficiency and iodine absorption may be disrupted by increased fat intake in obese women. A range of studies have suggested that obesity is correlated with iron deficiency. On the other hand, some reports have indicated that excess body mass may coexist with iron excess. The relation between obesity and body iron level requires further investigation. Calcium signaling seems to be disturbed in obesity, due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species and low level of fast troponin isoform responsible for mediating calcium sensitivity of muscle relaxation. Correlation between excess body mass and calcium levels needs further research. Conclusions: Excess body mass is associated with alterations in mineral levels in the body, in particular hypomagnesemia and decreased selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) levels. Chromium (Cr) deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome. Obese patients are at risk of iodine deficiency. Excess body mass is associated with elevated levels of copper (Cu). Data on the association between obesity and iron (Fe) levels are contradictory. Obesity coexists with disturbed calcium (Ca) signaling pathways. The association between obesity and body Ca levels has not been investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Banach
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Fredry St. 10, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; (W.B.); (K.N.); (N.K.); (W.M.); (O.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Karolina Nitschke
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Fredry St. 10, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; (W.B.); (K.N.); (N.K.); (W.M.); (O.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Natalia Krajewska
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Fredry St. 10, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; (W.B.); (K.N.); (N.K.); (W.M.); (O.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Wojciech Mongiałło
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Fredry St. 10, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; (W.B.); (K.N.); (N.K.); (W.M.); (O.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Oskar Matuszak
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Fredry St. 10, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; (W.B.); (K.N.); (N.K.); (W.M.); (O.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Józef Muszyński
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Fredry St. 10, 61-701 Poznań, Poland; (W.B.); (K.N.); (N.K.); (W.M.); (O.M.); (J.M.)
| | - Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618549742
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14
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Kim M, Lee SM, Jung J, Kim YJ, Moon KC, Seo JH, Ha TK, Ha E. Pinealectomy increases thermogenesis and decreases lipogenesis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4289-4297. [PMID: 33000192 PMCID: PMC7533451 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the effects of pineal gland-derived melatonin on obesity by employing a rat pinealectomy (Pnx) model. After 10 weeks of a high-fat diet, rats received sham or Pnx surgery followed by a normal chow diet for 10 weeks. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting analysis, immunohistochemistry and ELISA were used to determine the effects of Pnx. Pnx decreased the expression of melatonin receptor (MTNR)1A and MTNR1B, in brown adipose tissues (BAT) and white adipose tissues (WAT). Pnx rats showed increased insulin sensitivity compared with those that received sham surgery. Leptin levels were significantly decreased in the serum of the Pnx group. In addition, Pnx stimulated thermogenic genes in BAT and attenuated lipogenic genes in both WAT and the liver. Histological analyses revealed a marked decrease in the size of lipid droplets and increased expression of uncoupling protein 1 in BAT. In the liver of the Pnx group, the size and number of lipid droplets had also decreased. In conclusion, the results presented in the current study suggested that Pnx increases thermogenesis in BAT and decreases lipogenesis in WAT and the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - So Min Lee
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoun Jung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Ha
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
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15
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Cowan AE, Higgins KA, Fisher JO, Tripicchio GL, Mattes RD, Zou P, Bailey RL. Examination of different definitions of snacking frequency and associations with weight status among U.S. adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234355. [PMID: 32555712 PMCID: PMC7299329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Snacks, while widely consumed in the United States (U.S.), do not have a standard definition, complicating research to understand associations, if any, with weight status. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between snacking frequency and weight status using various snacking definitions that exist in the scientific literature among U.S. adults (NHANES 2013–2016; ≥20y n = 9,711). Four event-based snacking definitions were operationalized including participant-defined snacks, eating events outside of meals, and operationally defined snacks based on absolute thresholds of energy consumed (>50 kcal). Weight status was examined using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and sagittal abdominal diameter risk. Logistic regression models examined snacking frequency and associations with weight status. Outcomes varied by the definition of a snack employed, but the majority of findings were null. Mean energy from snacks was significantly higher among women with obesity compared to women with normal weight when a snack was defined as any event outside of a typical mealtime (i.e. other than breakfast, lunch, dinner, super, brunch), regardless of whether or not it contributed ≥50 kcal. Further investigation into ingestive behaviors that may influence the relationship between snacking frequency and weight status is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Cowan
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Kelly A. Higgins
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Center for Chemical Regulation and Food Safety, Exponent, Inc., Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jennifer O. Fisher
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gina L. Tripicchio
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Peishan Zou
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Regan L. Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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16
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Sun M, Hu X, Li F, Deng J, Shi J, Lin Q. Eating Habits and Their Association with Weight Status in Chinese School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3571. [PMID: 32443674 PMCID: PMC7277406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor eating habits increase children's risk of chronic diseases such as overweight and obesity, adult diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the eating habits of school-age children and their impact on children's body mass index. METHODS Multistage cluster sampling was used to sample 2224 students in grades 4 to 6 from 16 primary schools in Changsha. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect general demographic, eating habit, and snack consumption data from school-age children. Height and weight were measured so that the body mass index Z-score could be calculated and evaluated according to the 2007 World Health Organization's Body Mass Index (BMI) reference standard. RESULTS The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in school-age children were 17.0% and 8.3%, respectively. Boys had higher rates of overweight and obesity than girls (19.9% vs. 13.6%, 12.9% vs. 3.0%, respectively, p < 0.05). Among the total population of children, 71.6% reported picky eating habits, and 55.1% had late-night snacks. Children who skipped breakfast (OR 1.507 and 95% CI 1.116~2.035) and ate puffed food (OR 1.571 and 95% CI 1.170~2.110) were more likely to be overweight/obese. CONCLUSIONS The eating habits of school-age children are closely related to their weight status. Poor eating habits can be risk factors for overweight and obesity. The dietary management of children should be strengthened so that they develop good eating habits and the incidence of overweight and obesity in school-age children decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Sun
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China; (M.S.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiangying Hu
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China; (M.S.); (X.H.)
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China; (F.L.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China; (F.L.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Jingcheng Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China; (F.L.); (J.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Nutrition Science and Food Hygiene, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Rd., Changsha 410078, China; (M.S.); (X.H.)
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17
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Johannesen CO, Dale HF, Jensen C, Lied GA. Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Outcomes Related to Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2811-2822. [PMID: 32884310 PMCID: PMC7431945 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s265982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the rising prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders leading to impaired glucose metabolism, effective strategies to prevent and/or delay the onset of disease are of great need. A plant-based diet has been suggested as an effective lifestyle change that may reduce the degree of obesity and improve outcomes related to glucose metabolism. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of a plant-based diet on outcomes related to glucose metabolism. A literature search was conducted in the database PubMed until January 30, 2020. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of a plant-based dietary intervention on outcomes related to glucose metabolism in human subjects compared to an omnivorous diet were eligible for inclusion. Of 65 publications identified, nine trials on subjects with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or cardiovascular disease were included. Five studies reported that the plant-based intervention significantly improved markers of glycemic control from baseline to end point, of which four revealed a significant improvement in the intervention group compared to the control intervention. The remaining four studies did not observe a significant effect of a plant-based intervention on outcomes related to glucose metabolism. Our findings suggest that a shift to a plant-based diet may lead to favorable effects on glycemic control in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or obesity. The data were however somewhat conflicting, and the included trials reported results based on different intervention diets and study populations. Overall, no clear conclusions regarding effects of different plant-based diets can be drawn based on the current findings alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Fjeldheim Dale
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- National Centre of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence: Hanna Fjeldheim Dale Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 15 Haukelandsbakken, Bergen5009, NorwayTel +47 98-088-495 Email
| | - Caroline Jensen
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gülen Arslan Lied
- Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- National Centre of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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