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Hoirisch-Clapauch S. The Impact of Emotional Responses on Female Reproduction: Fibrinolysis in the Spotlight. Semin Thromb Hemost 2024. [PMID: 39029520 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Fibrinolytic enzymes modify various substrates required for tissue remodeling, playing a crucial role in mechanisms underlying resilience, reward processing, ovulation, embryo implantation, and placentation. Individuals with low resilience and reduced reward responsiveness, when exposed to chronic stress, are at increased risk of experiencing a range of negative emotions. Chronic anxiety and melancholia are examples of negative emotions associated with hypercortisolism, while fear and atypical depression are characterized by systemic inflammation. Both cortisol and inflammatory cytokines stimulate the production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a potent fibrinolysis inhibitor. Chronic anxiety, fear, and depression are among the many hypofibrinolytic conditions increasing the risk of oligo-anovulation, miscarriage, fetal growth restriction, and preeclampsia. Although significant, the impact of negative emotions on implantation is not as obvious as on ovulation or placentation. Other hypofibrinolytic conditions that may affect female reproduction through mechanisms dependent or independent of PAI-1 include metabolic disturbances (e.g., due to consumption of highly palatable foods, often used to alleviate negative affect), inflammation, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypothyroidism, hypercortisolism, antiphospholipid antibodies, and the 4G allele of the PAI-1 gene. Benzodiazepines and antidepressants should be used with caution in the first trimester as this combination may cause malformations. Also, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have fibrinolytic properties that increase the risk of bleeding after surgical procedures. Psychological interventions, especially group therapy, are effective in the prevention of reproductive disorders. Controlled trials are needed to test the hypothesis that female reproductive health depends on psychological well-being, a balanced diet and physical activity, suppression of inflammation and autoantibodies, and homocysteine and hormonal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Hoirisch-Clapauch
- Hematology Department, Vascular Medicine, Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Estarreja J, Pimenta AC, Botelho J, Vilares AM, Mendes JJ, Rocha J, Pinto R, Mateus V, Machado V. Blood count, endocrine, immunologic, renal, and hepatic markers in a case-control animal study of induced periodontitis in female rodents. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1327399. [PMID: 38444766 PMCID: PMC10912185 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1327399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is a non-communicable chronic inflammatory disease with a systemic burden. Animal models of induced periodontitis help elucidate the mechanisms by which periodontal inflammation drives systemic effects. Studying this systemic involvement over longer follow-up periods may provide a strong foundation for future research on the association between diseases and periodontitis, particularly in female rats. Therefore, we aimed to compare blood, endocrine, immunologic, renal, and hepatic markers in a rat model of induced periodontitis in females with their control counterparts. Methods: Experimental periodontitis was induced in 20 female Wistar rats by the application and maintenance of silk ligatures on the upper molars. The rats were then assessed for macroscopical analysis, complete blood count, and biochemical, endocrine, and immunologic markers at 21, 28, 42, and 56 days. Results: Chronic periodontal inflammation was observed after 42 days of exposure to the ligatures. Additionally, it was also possible to notice significant systemic manifestations, such as the reduction of triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels, along with an increase in the expression of alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and lactate dehydrogenase. Discussion: The study's findings imply that certain changes can be underscored to highlight a reduced risk of conception. Notably, previous investigations have indicated that subfertile women exhibit lower levels of thyroid hormones and elevated lactate dehydrogenase expression. Despite the absence of preclinical data delineating a possible association between periodontitis and female infertility, the results of this study may prove to be a crucial contribution to both the scientific and medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Estarreja
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Clara Pimenta
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - Arminda Maria Vilares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Rocha
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Joaquim Chaves Laboratório de Análises Clínicas, Miraflores, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Mateus
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Almada, Portugal
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胡 当, 张 锋, 李 蕙, 许 小, 文 萍, 郑 峥, 姚 吉. [Polycystic ovary syndrome is positively correlated with periodontitis: a prospective study]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:36-44. [PMID: 38293974 PMCID: PMC10878896 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.01.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontitis in light of cytokines levels, sex hormone levels and metabolism-related indicators and their changes during progression of the two diseases. METHODS Twenty healthy subjects and 40 patients diagnosed with PCOS underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations to obtain full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), gingival bleeding index of probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The participants were divided into Group A without periodontitis or PCOS (n=15), Group B with PCOS but without periodontitis (n=28), Group C with periodontitis but without PCOS (n=5), and Group D with both diseases (n=12). Serum levels of luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH), testosterone, prolactin, progesterone and estradiol, and the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor α and matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in both serum and saliva samples were measured at the time of enrolment and at 3 and 6 months after enrolment and compared among the 4 groups. RESULTS Serum MMP-8 level was significantly higher in Group B than in Group A (P<0.05). Salivary MMP-8 level was significantly higher in Group D than in Group B (P<0.05). Salivary MMP-8, LH, and LH/FSH levels and serum and salivary IL-6 and progesterone levels all tended to increase in the 6 months after enrollment (OR>1, P<0.05). During the follow-up period, serum IL-6 levels differed significantly between the non-PCOS groups (A and C) and PCOS groups (B and D)(P<0.05); serum IL-6 and salivary MMP-8 levels differed significantly between the non-periodontitis groups (A and B) and periodontitis groups (C and D)(P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis indicated positive correlations of LH and LH/FSH with PD (P<0.05); testosterone and LH/FSH were positively correlated with serum MMP-8 levels (P<0.05), and PD, BOP and FMPS were positively correlated with salivary MMP-8 levels (P<0.01). CONCLUSION There is a correlation between PCOS and periodontitis, and their progression is accompanied by changes in serum and salivary levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- 当立 胡
- 南方医科大学第一临床医学院,深圳市妇幼保健院,广东 广州 516006Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516006, China
- 深圳市妇幼保健院妇科,广东 深圳 518028Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - 锋 张
- 深圳市妇幼保健院口腔防治中心,广东 深圳 518028Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - 蕙君 李
- 深圳市妇幼保健院口腔防治中心,广东 深圳 518028Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - 小艺 许
- 深圳市妇幼保健院科教科,广东 深圳 518028Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - 萍 文
- 深圳市妇幼保健院科教科,广东 深圳 518028Department of Science and Education, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - 峥 郑
- 深圳市妇幼保健院妇科,广东 深圳 518028Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
| | - 吉龙 姚
- 南方医科大学第一临床医学院,深圳市妇幼保健院,广东 广州 516006Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 516006, China
- 深圳市妇幼保健院妇科,广东 深圳 518028Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen 518028, China
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Min Q, Chen Y, Geng H, Gao Q, Zhang X, Xu M. Causal relationship between PCOS and related sex hormones with oral inflammatory diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1282056. [PMID: 38264282 PMCID: PMC10803436 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1282056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have identified a strong association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and hormone levels related to oral inflammatory diseases. To better understand the relationship between them, we conducted an analysis using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods We gathered summary statistical data from previously published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on PCOS and three sex hormones (AMH, Estradiol, LH) along with four oral inflammatory diseases (painful gums, loose teeth, mouth ulcers, and toothache). We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables and employed four types of MR analysis methods to evaluate causal relationships between exposure and outcome. Finally, the robustness of our results was further validated through sensitivity tests and reverse MR. Results We observed that PCOS could increase the risk of mouth ulcers (ORIVW= 1.0013, 95%CI: 1.0001-1.0025, PIVW = 0.0278), painful gums (ORIVW= 1.0015, 95%CI:1.0003-1.0027, PIVW = 0.0163), and loose teeth (ORIVW= 1.0014, 95%CI: 1.0001-1.0027, PIVW = 0.0328). Moreover, LH was also found to increase the risk of mouth ulcers (ORIVW= 1.0031, 95%CI: 0.0001-1.0062, PIVW = 0.0457). MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and WE indicated similar results. Additionally, we discovered no causal link between PCOS and toothache (PIVW>0.05), LH and painful gums, loose teeth, or toothache (PIVW>0.05), or AMH and Estradiol level with any of the four oral diseases (PIVW>0.05). Conclusion Our research provides new insights and references for exploring the effects of PCOS and related hormones on oral inflammatory lesions. For patients with PCOS, especially those with elevated LH levels, early intervention measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of oral inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusi Min
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongling Geng
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Liu X, Zhang J, Wang X, Zhang Z. Transcriptomic analysis identifies diagnostic genes in polycystic ovary syndrome and periodontitis. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:3. [PMID: 38167332 PMCID: PMC10762819 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate underlying co-mechanisms of PCOS and periodontitis through transcriptomic approach. METHODS PCOS and periodontitis gene expression data were downloaded from the GEO database to identify differentially expressed genes. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and random forest algorithm were used to screen hub genes. GSEA analyzed the functions of hub genes. Correlations between hub genes and immune infiltration in two diseases were examined, constructing a TF-ceRNA regulatory network. Clinical samples were gathered from PCOS and periodontitis patients and RT-qPCR was performed to verify the connection. RESULTS There were 1661 DEGs in PCOS and 701 DEGs in periodontitis. 66 intersected genes were involved and were enriched in immune and inflammation-related biological pathways. 40 common genes were selected from the PPI network. RF algorithm demonstrated that ACSL5, NLRP12, CCRL2, and CEACAM3 were hub genes, and GSEA results revealed their close relationship with antigen processing and presentation, and chemokine signaling pathway. RT-qPCR results confirmed the upregulated gene expression in both PCOS and periodontitis. CONCLUSION The 4 hub genes ACSL5, NLRP12, CCRL2, and CEACAM3 may be diagnostic genes for PCOS and periodontitis. The created ceRNA network could provide a molecular basis for future studies on the association between PCOS and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China.
| | - Jingran Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Hu D, Wang J, Cheng T, Li H, Zhang F, Zhao D, Xu X, Yu R, Wen P, Cheng Y, Xu J, Jin L, Yao J. Comparative analysis of serum and saliva samples using Raman spectroscopy: a high-throughput investigation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and periodontitis. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:522. [PMID: 37794378 PMCID: PMC10552415 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontitis significantly affect women's oral and systemic health worldwide, and yet increase the risk of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases like diabetes and coronary heart disease. Regarding the PCOS-periodontitis connection, whether sex hormones, metabolic and inflammatory mediators could account for the underlying linking mechanism needs to be further investigated. This case-control study evaluated the hormonal, metabolic and inflammatory profiles in PCOS and non-PCOS subjects with various periodontal conditions, via assessing serum and saliva samples by Raman spectroscopy. METHODS A total of 66 females with PCOS and 22 systemically healthy female volunteers were recruited in a single hospital. Full-mouth periodontal examination was undertaken for identifying the subjects with periodontal health, gingivitis or periodontitis. The datasets of sex hormones and metabolic indicators were retrieved from the hospital information system. Both serum and saliva samples were collected for detecting inflammatory mediators and Raman spectroscopic assessment. The subjects were categorized into four groups according to their conditions of PCOS and periodontitis for Raman spectroscopic analysis. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed to examine the inter-group differences in Raman spectra. RESULTS PCOS patients exhibited greater mean probing depth (P < 0.05) and higher serum levels of triglycerides (P < 0.05) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (P < 0.05) than those in non-PCOS participants. Both probing depth and triglyceride level were positively correlated with PCOS (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in mean Raman spectra of saliva samples among the four groups with different conditions of PCOS and periodontitis (P < 0.05), while no significant inter-group difference existed in serum samples. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that periodontal condition may affect the biomolecular profiles of Raman spectra in serum and saliva of PCOS patients. It underscores the importance of the collaborative teamwork of dentists and gynecologists for enhancing women's oral health, general wellbeing and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangli Hu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- Department of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Department of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Department of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Yunfei Cheng
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Single-Cell Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jilong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China.
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Mirza FG, Tahlak MA, Hazari K, Khamis AH, Atiomo W. Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome amongst Females Aged between 15 and 45 Years at a Major Women's Hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5717. [PMID: 37174235 PMCID: PMC10178028 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective criteria have been scarce in published data on the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is crucial that we enhance our comprehension of PCOS prevalence in the UAE to inform key stakeholders about the disease's burden and enable comparisons with other nations. This research aimed to examine the PCOS prevalence at a large academic tertiary centre in Dubai, UAE, called Latifa Women and Children's Hospital. We performed a cross-sectional study by reviewing the electronic medical records of patients accessing care between 2017 and 2022 (5 years). By utilizing the international classification of diseases codes (ICD-10), we discovered a period prevalence of PCOS of 1.6% among 64,722 women aged between 15 and 45 years. It is worth noting that the estimated annual point prevalence rose from 1.19% in 2020 (at the beginning of the COVID19 pandemic) to 2.72% in 2022 (after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic). Therefore, the odds ratio of the risk of a PCOS diagnosis in 2022 compared to 2020 was 2.28. The majority of the women diagnosed with PCOS in this study had an ICD-10 code of E28.2. Women with PCOS were younger than the controls, less likely to be pregnant, and had a higher body mass index and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. This is the most extensive research to date examining PCOS prevalence in the UAE, and it emphasizes the significance of this condition. It is crucial to prioritize PCOS to prevent morbidity and mortality from reproductive and long-term health consequences, including infertility, type 2 diabetes and endometrial cancer, which is presently the most frequent gynecological cancer in the UAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi G. Mirza
- Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai P.O. Box 9115, United Arab Emirates; (F.G.M.); (M.A.T.); (K.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Building 14, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Muna A. Tahlak
- Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai P.O. Box 9115, United Arab Emirates; (F.G.M.); (M.A.T.); (K.H.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Building 14, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Komal Hazari
- Latifa Women and Children Hospital, Dubai P.O. Box 9115, United Arab Emirates; (F.G.M.); (M.A.T.); (K.H.)
| | - Amar Hassan Khamis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Building 14, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates;
| | - William Atiomo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Building 14, Dubai Healthcare City, Dubai P.O. Box 505055, United Arab Emirates;
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Dou Y, Xin J, Zhou P, Tang J, Xie H, Fan W, Zhang Z, Wu D. Bidirectional association between polycystic ovary syndrome and periodontal diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1008675. [PMID: 36755917 PMCID: PMC9899846 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1008675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontal disease (PDD) share common risk factors. The bidirectional interaction between PCOS and PDD has been reported, but until now, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Endocrine disorders including hyperandrogenism (HA) and insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS disturb the oral microbial composition and increase the abundance of periodontal pathogens. Additionally, PCOS has a detrimental effect on the periodontal supportive tissues, including gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Systemic low-grade inflammation status, especially obesity, persistent immune imbalance, and oxidative stress induced by PCOS exacerbate the progression of PDD. Simultaneously, PDD might increase the risk of PCOS through disturbing the gut microbiota composition and inducing low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, genetic or epigenetic predisposition and lower socioeconomic status are the common risk factors for both diseases. In this review, we will present the latest evidence of the bidirectional association between PCOS and PDD from epidemiological, mechanistic, and interventional studies. A deep understanding on their bidirectional association will be beneficial to provide novel strategies for the treatment of PCOS and PDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Dou
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinglei Xin
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Women and Children hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Women and Children hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongliang Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanting Fan
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Donglei Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Donglei Wu,
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Effect of green cardamom on the expression of genes implicated in obesity and diabetes among obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a double blind randomized controlled trial. GENES & NUTRITION 2022; 17:17. [PMID: 36522620 PMCID: PMC9753872 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-022-00719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disease in which related to obesity, metabolic disorders and is considered as one of the main causes of infertility in women. This trial was investigated the effects of green cardamom on the expression of genes implicated in obesity and diabetes among obese women with PCOS. METHODS One hundred ninety-four PCOS women were randomly divided two groups: intervention (n = 99; 3 g/day green cardamom) and control groups (n = 95). All of them were given low calorie diet. Anthropometric, glycemic and androgen hormones were assessed before and after 16-week intervention. The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to measure fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO), peroxisome proliferative activating receptor- (PPAR-), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta (ACAB), leptin receptor (LEPR), ghrelin, and lamin A/C (LAMIN) genes expression in each group. RESULTS Anthropometric indices were significantly decreased after intervention in both two studied groups. Glycemic indices and androgen hormones were significantly improved in the intervention group compared to the control group. The expression levels of FTO, CPT1A, LEPR, and LAMIN were significantly downregulated compared to control group (P < 0.001), as well as, PPAR-y was significantly upregulated in the intervention group after intervention with green cardamom compared to control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION This current study showed that the administration of green cardamom is a beneficial approach for improving anthropometric, glycemic, and androgen hormones, as well as obesity and diabetes genes expression in PCOS women under the low-calorie diet. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered with the Iranian Clinical Trials Registry (registration number: IRCT20200608047697N1). 1 August, 2020; https://www.irct.ir/trial/48748.
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Cardiovascular Diseases and Periodontitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:261-280. [PMID: 35612803 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting connective tissue and alveolar bone that is initiated by a bacterial biofilm in periodontal pockets. It affects about half of adults in the Western world, and is associated with a range of systemic comorbidities, e.g., cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, and these diseases share overlapping systemic and target tissue inflammatory mechanisms. Indeed, mounting evidence has indicated that their association is causal and built on the presence of systemic low-grade inflammation (LGI). Prior research linking periodontitis to CVD has mainly been derived from experimental studies, observational data, and small interventional trials with surrogate markers of CVD, e.g., endothelial dysfunction. However, recent data from randomised studies have demonstrated that intensive treatment of periodontitis can reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension in conjunction with reduction of systemic inflammatory markers. Furthermore, targeted anti-inflammatory therapy has been shown to reduce recurrent events in patients with established CVD and LGI. Along this line, the concept of residual inflammatory risk has emerged as an independent new risk factor for atherothrombotic CVD. The present review summarizes translational evidence indicating that periodontitis is a risk factor for CVD dependent on LGI, and we conclude that treatment of periodontitis is likely to contribute importantly to reduction of residual inflammatory risk.
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Royal Jelly as a Nutraceutical Natural Product with a Focus on Its Antibacterial Activity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061142. [PMID: 35745715 PMCID: PMC9227439 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is one of the most valued natural products and is known for its health-promoting properties. Due to its therapeutic effects, it has been used in medicine since antiquity. Nowadays, several studies indicate that RJ acts as a powerful antimicrobial agent. Indeed, researchers shed light on its antioxidant and anticancer activity. RJ’s biological properties are related to its bioactive compounds, such as proteins, peptides, phenolic, and fatty acids. The aim of this review is to highlight recent findings on RJ’s main bioactive compounds correlated with its health-promoting properties. The available literature suggests that these bioactive compounds can be used as an alternative approach in order to enhance human health. Moreover, throughout this paper, we underline the prominent antibacterial effect of RJ against several target bacterial strains. In addition, we briefly discuss other therapeutic activities, such as antioxidative and anticancer effects, of this outstanding natural product.
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Zhu T, Goodarzi MO. Causes and Consequences of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insights From Mendelian Randomization. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e899-e911. [PMID: 34669940 PMCID: PMC8852214 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting women of reproductive age, risk factors that may cause the syndrome are poorly understood. Based on epidemiologic studies, PCOS is thought to cause several adverse outcomes such as cardiovascular disease; however, the common presence of comorbidities such as obesity may be responsible for such associations, rather than PCOS in and of itself. To overcome the limitations of observational studies, investigators have employed Mendelian randomization (MR), which uses genetic variants to interrogate causality between exposures and outcomes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION To clarify causes and consequences of PCOS, this review will describe MR studies involving PCOS, both as an exposure and as an outcome. The literature was searched using the terms "Mendelian randomization," "polycystic ovary syndrome," "polycystic ovarian syndrome," and "PCOS" (to May 2021). EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS MR studies have suggested that obesity, testosterone levels, fasting insulin, serum sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations, menopause timing, male-pattern balding, and depression may play a causal role in PCOS. In turn, PCOS may increase the risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, decrease the risk of endometrioid ovarian cancer, and have no direct causal effect on type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, or stroke. CONCLUSIONS The accumulation of genome-wide association studies in PCOS has enabled multiple MR analyses identifying factors that may cause PCOS or be caused by PCOS. This knowledge will be critical to future development of measures to prevent PCOS in girls at risk as well as prevent complications in those who have PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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13
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Mendelian randomization analyses for PCOS: evidence, opportunities, and challenges. Trends Genet 2022; 38:468-482. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kulkarni S, Zope S, Suragimath G, Varma S, Kale A. Female Sex Hormones and Periodontal Health: Assessment of Knowledge and Awareness Among Women of Western Maharashtra. ANNALS OF DENTAL SPECIALTY 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/xl2ee7gx7p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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15
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Lopes LB, Machado V, Mascarenhas P, Mendes JJ, Botelho J. The prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22405. [PMID: 34789780 PMCID: PMC8599453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative defect of enamel of unknown etiology, affecting one or more permanent molars and may include incisors. This condition is a clinical challenge and its prevalence is still uncertain given the recent increase in research. Thus, we aimed to comprehensively estimate the overall prevalence of MIH and associated characteristics. This systematic review is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). We searched articles using PubMed, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS and TRIP databases, until July 2021. Heterogeneity and publication bias were computed via I2 test statistics and Egger's significance test, respectively. Random-effects meta-analysis of prevalence were processed. We used the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy [SORT] to grading the strength of evidence. Overall, 116 observational studies were included, with one study with moderate methodological quality and the remaining of high methodological quality. Subgroup analysis confirmed an influence of not using the 2003 MIH case definition (p = 0.0066). The pooled prevalence of MIH was 13.5% (95% CI 12.0-15.1, I2 = 98.0%). Affected incisors were seen in 36.6% (95% CI 30.0-43.7, I2 = 92.5%) of the cases. Lastly, the prevalence of hypomineralization of the second primary molars was observed in 3.6% of the MIH cases (95% CI 1.9-6.8, I2 = 96.3%). America was the continent with highest prevalence (15.3, 95% CI 12.8-18.3, p < 0.001, I2 = 96.3%) and Asia had the lowest prevalence (10.7, 95% CI 8.5-13.5, p < 0.001, I2 = 98.7%), however no continental differences were found. Sample size and year of publication were slight contributing factors to the heterogeneity in the analysis. Overall, these results were classified with a SORT A recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Bandeira Lopes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal.
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal.
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Cornejo Ulloa P, Krom BP, van der Veen MH. Sex Steroid Hormones as a Balancing Factor in Oral Host Microbiome Interactions. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:714229. [PMID: 34660339 PMCID: PMC8511811 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.714229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex steroid hormones (SSH) are cholesterol-derived molecules. They are secreted into saliva and enter the oral cavity, triggering physiological responses from oral tissues, with possible clinical implications, such as gingival inflammation and bleeding. SSH and hormonal changes affect not only oral host cells but also oral microorganisms. Historically, most research has focused on the effect of hormonal changes on specific bacteria and yeasts. Recently a broader effect of SSH on oral microorganisms was suggested. In order to assess the role of SSH in host-microbe interactions in the oral cavity, this review focuses on how and up to what extent SSH can influence the composition and behavior of the oral microbiome. The available literature was reviewed and a comprehensive hypothesis about the role of SSH in host-microbiome interactions is presented. The limited research available indicates that SSH may influence the balance between the host and its microbes in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Cornejo Ulloa
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan P Krom
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monique H van der Veen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Adda G, Aimetti M, Citterio F, Consoli A, Di Bartolo P, Landi L, Lione L, Luzi L. Consensus report of the joint workshop of the Italian Society of Diabetology, Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology, Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists (SID-SIdP-AMD). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2515-2525. [PMID: 34238654 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis has been defined as the Sixth complication of Diabetes Mellitus. Since both diabetes mellitus and periodontitis have a high prevalence in the general population, the Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology and the Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists revised the present scientific literature in the present consensus report. A bi-directional interaction was demonstrated: Patients affected by type 1 and type 2 diabetes have a higher prevalence of periodontitis than the general population, due to several metabolic factors (e.g. chronic hyperglycemia, autoimmunity, dietary and life-style factors); similarly, periodontitis predisposes to type 2 diabetes mellitus mainly via the increase of systemic cytokines release. Conversely, improvement of metabolic control of diabetic patients delay the progression of periodontitis as well as periodontitis treatment reduces glycosylated hemoglobin levels in blood. Due to the bi-directional causal interaction between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus, a strict collaboration among dentists and diabetologists is required and strongly recommended. The inter-societies consensus proposes specific flow-diagrams to improve the treatment of patients and management of the general population regarding the issue of periodontitis and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Adda
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Citterio
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging, University of Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Luca Landi
- President Italian Society of Periodontology and Implantology, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luca Lione
- Azienda Sociosanitaria Ligure 2, Savona, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
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Afsar MNA, Jhinu ZN, Bhuiyan MAI, Islam Z, Siddiqua TJ. Helicobacter pylori infection and micronutrient deficiency in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2021; 7:bmjgast-2020-000490. [PMID: 33093020 PMCID: PMC7583068 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2020-000490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over the last few years, epidemiological studies have shown that infection with Helicobacter pylori has a major effect on micronutrient deficiency as well as on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Importantly, there are gaps in understanding the linkage of H. pylori infection with micronutrients deficiency in pregnant women. Objective We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the association between H. pylori infection and micronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted for relevant articles using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus database from inception to March 2020. The OR with 95% CIs was determined by meta-analysis of data extracted from the selected studies. Results From 2384 primary articles, 6 studies were selected for systematic reviews and 4 studies distinctively (with 1274 participants: 553 cases and 721 controls) were selected for meta-analysis. The meta-analysed fixed effect model estimated the odds of having H. pylori infection was not significantly higher among pregnant women with micronutrient deficiencies than those without deficiencies (OR=1.12, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.42, p=0.37). In the subgroup analysis, no correlation was found between H. pylori infection and vitamin B12 (OR=0.74, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.21, p=0.22), folate (OR=1.07, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.58, p=0.73), and ferritin (OR=0.81, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.31, p=0.4). However, a positive correlation was found between iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) and H. pylori infection (OR=16.23, 95% CI 4.19 to 62.93, p<0.0001) during pregnancy. Conclusion H. pylori infection is associated with increased risk of IDA but not with deficiency of other micronutrients in pregnancy. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019135683.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nure Alam Afsar
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, ICDDRB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Zhahirul Islam
- Laboratory of Gut-Brain Signaling, Laboratory Sciences and Services Division, ICDDRB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Association between metabolic and hormonal profile, proinflammatory cytokines in saliva and gingival health in adolescent females with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:193. [PMID: 33849511 PMCID: PMC8045362 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01553-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Research studies indicate that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase susceptibility to periodontal disease. The mechanisms that link both conditions are not entirely understood. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the impact of hormonal and metabolic disturbances on the gingival health and salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL1-β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in adolescent girls with PCOS. Methods Thirty-one patients with PCOS and twenty-eight healthy age-mates (as the control group) were enrolled in the study. Individuals with PCOS underwent blood tests for the determination of hormonal and metabolic parameters. Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary testosterone and proinflammatory cytokines in both studied groups. Calibrated dentist assessed oral hygiene and gingival health of all subjects. Results Salivary testosterone was significantly higher in the study group (p = 0.0007). The groups did not differ significantly concerning periodontal parameters. Patients with PCOS revealed higher levels of salivary cytokines (p < 0.0001). Gingival index (GI) and the percentage of sites bleeding upon probing (BOP%) were positively correlated with the plaque index (PI) in both groups (rs ≥ 0.60, p < 0.001), and negatively correlated with salivary testosterone level in the PCOS group (rs = − 0.44, p = 0.0138 and rs = − 0.37, p = 0.0424, respectively). BOP% was also positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) in the control group (rs = 0.40, p = 0.0368) and index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in the study group (rs = 0.48, p = 0.0068). Salivary testosterone was positively correlated with TNF-α in the control group (rs = 0.41, p = 0.0321), while in the study group, total testosterone (TT) was positively correlated with IL-6 (rs = 0.37, p = 0.0400) and free androgen index (FAI) with TNF-α (rs = 0.36, p = 0.0491). Conclusions Gingival health of the examined population was associated primarily with oral hygiene and, to a lesser extent, with the hormonal and metabolic profile. Despite similar periodontal parameters in the both studied groups, patients with PCOS revealed significantly higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines in saliva, which might be the manifestation of the systemic low-grade inflammation associated with PCOS.
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Wu P, Zhang X, Zhou P, Zhang W, Li D, Lv M, Liao X. Assessment of Bidirectional Relationships Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Periodontitis: Insights From a Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Front Genet 2021; 12:644101. [PMID: 33868379 PMCID: PMC8044848 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.644101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Observational studies have indicated an association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontitis, but it is unclear whether the association is cofounded or causal. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the bidirectional relationship between genetically predicted PCOS and periodontitis. Methods From two genome-wide association studies we selected 13 and 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with PCOS and periodontitis, respectively, as instrumental variables. We utilized publicly shared summary-level statistics from European-ancestry cohorts. To explore the causal effect of PCOS on periodontitis, 12,289 cases of periodontitis and 22,326 controls were incorporated, while 4,890 cases of PCOS and 20,405 controls in the reverse MR. Inverse-variance weighted method was employed in the primary MR analysis and multiple sensitivity analyses were implemented. Results Genetically determined PCOS was not causally associated with risk of periodontitis (odds ratio 0.97; 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.06; P = 0.50) per one-unit increase in the log-odds ratio of periodontitis. Similarly, no causal effect of periodontitis on PCOS was shown with the odds ratio for PCOS was 1.17 (95% confidence interval 0.91-1.49; P = 0.21) per one-unit increase in the log-odds ratio of periodontitis. Consistent results were yielded via additional MR methods. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated no presence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Conclusion The bidirectional MR study couldn't provide convincing evidence for the causal relationship between genetic liability to PCOS and periodontitis in the Europeans. Triangulating evidence across further observational and genetic-epidemiological studies is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Department of Laboratory Animals, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Center for Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinghao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mingming Lv
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyao Liao
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Escalda C, Botelho J, Mendes JJ, Machado V. Association of bacterial vaginosis with periodontitis in a cross-sectional American nationwide survey. Sci Rep 2021; 11:630. [PMID: 33436651 PMCID: PMC7803979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and periodontitis (PD) and to determine whether PD and BV might be linked with systemic serum alterations. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2004, with women aged 18-49 years old and diagnosed with or without BV according to Nugent's method. PD was defined according to the 2012 case definition. We compared serum counts according to the presence of PD and the presence of BV. Multivariable regression was used to explore and identify relevant variables towards the presence of BV. 961 women fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In women with BV, PD was associated with higher inflammation, characterized by increased white blood cells (p = 0.006) and lymphocyte (p = 0.009) counts. Predictive models presented a statistically significant association between PD and BV [Odds Ratio (OD) = 1.69, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.09-2.61 for periodontitis; OD = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.30-4.29 for severe PD]. Fully adjusted models for age, smoking, body mass index, diabetes mellitus and number of systemic conditions reinforced this association [OD = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.06-2.76 for PD; OD = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.15-4.25 for severe PD]. An association between BV and PD is conceivable. PD was associated with higher systemic markers of inflammation in women with BV. Our data is novel and could serve as a foundation to guide future studies in the confirmation of this association and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Escalda
- Evidence-Based Hub Egas Moniz, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Evidence-Based Hub Egas Moniz, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Almada, Portugal
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center (EMIRC), IUEM, Egas Moniz University, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, Caparica, 2829 - 511, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Evidence-Based Hub Egas Moniz, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Evidence-Based Hub Egas Moniz, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Almada, Portugal.
- Periodontology Department, Egas Moniz Dental Clinic, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Center (EMIRC), IUEM, Egas Moniz University, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, Caparica, 2829 - 511, Almada, Portugal.
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Botelho J, Mascarenhas P, Mendes JJ, Machado V. Network Protein Interaction in Parkinson's Disease and Periodontitis Interplay: A Preliminary Bioinformatic Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E1385. [PMID: 33238395 PMCID: PMC7700320 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies supported a clinical association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and periodontitis. Hence, investigating possible interactions between proteins associated to these two conditions is of interest. In this study, we conducted a protein-protein network interaction analysis with recognized genes encoding proteins with variants strongly associated with PD and periodontitis. Genes of interest were collected via the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database. Then, we conducted a protein interaction analysis, using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database, with a highest confidence cutoff of 0.9 and sensitivity analysis with confidence cutoff of 0.7. Our protein network casts a comprehensive analysis of potential protein-protein interactions between PD and periodontitis. This analysis may underpin valuable information for new candidate molecular mechanisms between PD and periodontitis and may serve new potential targets for research purposes. These results should be carefully interpreted, giving the limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal;
- Evidence-Based Hub, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (P.M.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Evidence-Based Hub, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (P.M.); (J.J.M.)
- Center for Medical Genetics and Pediatric Nutrition Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Evidence-Based Hub, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (P.M.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal;
- Evidence-Based Hub, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (P.M.); (J.J.M.)
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Machado V, Lobo S, Proença L, Mendes JJ, Botelho J. Vitamin D and Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2177. [PMID: 32708032 PMCID: PMC7468917 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the vitamin D levels of periodontitis patients in comparison with periodontally healthy ones, and to assess the influence of vitamin D supplementation as an adjunctive during nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Five databases (Pubmed, Embase, Scholar, Web of Sciences, and Cochrane Library) were searched until May 2020. Mean difference (MD) meta-analysis with corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and sensitivity tests via meta-regression were used. We followed Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) to appraise the strength and quality of the evidence. Sixteen articles were included, fourteen case-control and two intervention studies, all reporting 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Compared with the healthy controls, the circulating 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in chronic periodontitis patients (pooled MD = -6.80, 95% CI: -10.59 to -3.02). Subgroup analysis revealed differences among 25(OH)D measurements, with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry being the most homogeneous method (pooled MD = -2.05, 95% CI: -3.40 to -0.71). Salivary levels of 25(OH)D showed no differences between groups. Due to the low number of studies, conclusions on aggressive periodontitis and in the effect of vitamin D supplementation after NSPT were not possible to ascribe. Compared with healthy controls, 25(OH)D serum levels are significantly lower in chronic periodontitis patients, with an overall SORT A recommendation. Future studies are needed to clarify the effect of vitamin D supplementation and the biological mechanisms linking vitamin D to the periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (J.B.)
- Periodontology Department, CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Sofia Lobo
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Luís Proença
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research (MQIS), CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - José João Mendes
- Periodontology Department, CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (J.B.)
- Periodontology Department, CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
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Machado V, Botelho J, Proença L, Mendes JJ. Comparisons of Periodontal Status between Females Referenced for Fertility Treatment and Fertile Counterparts: A Pilot Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5281. [PMID: 32707937 PMCID: PMC7432159 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Studies investigating the periodontal status of women seeking fertility treatment have never been conducted. The purpose of this pilot study was to compare the periodontal status among females referenced to a Fertility Clinic (FC) when compared to matched females from a representative regional epidemiological sample. Our secondary aims were to investigate if periodontal clinical measures differ between these two groups of females and how they impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). We enrolled 18 women from an FC and 18 age, race and body mass index matched controls from the epidemiological survey Study of Periodontal Health in Almada-Seixal (SoPHiAS). In each subject, we performed a circumferential periodontal inspection to infer the periodontal status and applied a questionnaire measuring OHRQoL. FC females presented higher levels of periodontal disease, with higher periodontal epithelial surface area, periodontal probing depth and clinical attachment loss. However, periodontal diseases did not impact OHRQoL in this particular group of women seeking fertility care, suggesting unawareness about periodontal diseases. Within the limitations of this study, females referenced for fertility treatment presented worse periodontal measures than females from a representative control sample. These preliminary results may support future prospective studies to further explore the periodontal status and possible consequences in women seeking fertility care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - Luís Proença
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research (MQIS), CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), CiiEM, IUEM, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal;
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