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Badr OI, Kamal MM, El-Maraghy SA, Ghaiad HR. The effect of diabetes mellitus on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Biol Res 2024; 57:20. [PMID: 38698488 PMCID: PMC11067316 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic with increasing incidences. DM is a metabolic disease associated with chronic hyperglycemia. Aside from conventional treatments, there is no clinically approved cure for DM up till now. Differentiating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) is a promising approach for curing DM. Our study was conducted to investigate the effect of DM on MSCs differentiation into IPCs in vivo and in vitro. METHODS We isolated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) from the epididymal fat of normal and STZ-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley male rats. Afterwards, the in vitro differentiation of normal-Ad-MSCs (N-Ad-MSCs) and diabetic-Ad-MSCs (DM-Ad-MSCs) into IPCs was compared morphologically then through determining the gene expression of β-cell markers including neurogenin-3 (Ngn-3), homeobox protein (Nkx6.1), musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), and insulin-1 (Ins-1) and eventually, through performing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion test (GSIS). Finally, the therapeutic potential of N-Ad-MSCs and DM-Ad-MSCs transplantation was compared in vivo in STZ-induced diabetic animals. RESULTS Our results showed no significant difference in the characteristics of N-Ad-MSCs and DM-Ad-MSCs. However, we demonstrated a significant difference in their abilities to differentiate into IPCs in vitro morphologically in addition to β-cell markers expression, and functional assessment via GSIS test. Furthermore, the abilities of both Ad-MSCs to control hyperglycemia in diabetic rats in vivo was assessed through measuring fasting blood glucose (FBGs), body weight (BW), histopathological examination of both pancreas and liver and immunoexpression of insulin in pancreata of study groups. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal the effectiveness of N-Ad-MSCs in differentiating into IPCs in vitro and controlling the hyperglycemia of STZ-induced diabetic rats in vivo compared to DM-Ad-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar I Badr
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Drug Research and Development Group, Health Research Center of Excellence, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shohda A El-Maraghy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba R Ghaiad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Xu Z, Arkudas A, Munawar MA, Schubert DW, Fey T, Weisbach V, Mengen LM, Horch RE, Cai A. Schwann Cells Do Not Promote Myogenic Differentiation in the EPI Loop Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:244-256. [PMID: 38063005 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle tissue engineering, innervation and vascularization play an essential role in the establishment of functional skeletal muscle. For adequate three-dimensional assembly, biocompatible aligned nanofibers are beneficial as matrices for cell seeding. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of Schwann cells (SC) on myoblast (Mb) and adipogenic mesenchymal stromal cell (ADSC) cocultures on poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL)-collagen I-nanofibers in vivo. Human Mb/ADSC cocultures, as well as Mb/ADSC/SC cocultures, were seeded onto PCL-collagen I-nanofiber scaffolds and implanted into the innervated arteriovenous loop model (EPI loop model) of immunodeficient rats for 4 weeks. Histological staining and gene expression were used to compare their capacity for vascularization, immunological response, myogenic differentiation, and innervation. After 4 weeks, both Mb/ADSC and Mb/ADSC/SC coculture systems showed similar amounts and distribution of vascularization, as well as immunological activity. Myogenic differentiation could be observed in both groups through histological staining (desmin, myosin heavy chain) and gene expression (MYOD, MYH3, ACTA1) without significant difference between groups. Expression of CHRNB and LAMB2 also implied neuromuscular junction formation. Our study suggests that the addition of SC did not significantly impact myogenesis and innervation in this model. The implanted motor nerve branch may have played a more significant role than the presence of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xu
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Andreas Arkudas
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Muhammad Azeem Munawar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk W Schubert
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Polymer Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Fey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Volker Weisbach
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lilly M Mengen
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raymund E Horch
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aijia Cai
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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Geropoulos G, Psarras K, Papaioannou M, Geropoulos V, Niti A, Nikolaidou C, Koimtzis G, Symeonidis N, Pavlidis ET, Koliakos G, Pavlidis TE, Galanis I. The Effectiveness of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mixed with Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Healing of Inflammatory Bowel Anastomoses: A Pre-Clinical Study in Rats. J Pers Med 2024; 14:121. [PMID: 38276243 PMCID: PMC10817310 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple factors have been linked with increased risk of anastomotic leak in bowel surgery, including infections, inflammatory bowel disease, patient comorbidities and poor surgical technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the positive effect, if any, of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mixed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the healing of bowel anastomoses, in an inflammatory environment after establishment of experimental colitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups of seven animals: normal controls, colitis controls, PRP, MSCs, and PRP+MSCs. All groups underwent laparotomy, one-cm segmental colectomy and anastomosis in situ. In the colitis group, colectomy was performed at the affected area. Colitis was previously established by transrectal administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) except for the normal controls. Post-mortem histopathological, tissue hydroxyproline and anastomotic bursting pressure (ABP) assessments were performed. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess statistical significance differences between groups. Results: No perioperative mortality was noted. Tissue hydroxyproline and ABP were significantly increased in the group of PRP+MSCs compared to colitis controls (p = 0.0151 and p = 0.0104, respectively). Inflammatory cell infiltration was lower and fibroblast activity higher in PRP+MSCs group, but not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Neoangiogenesis (p = 0.0073) and anastomotic area epithelialization (p = 0.0182) were significantly higher in PRP + MSCs group compared to colitis controls. Discussion: The synergistic effect of the PRP and MSCs is apparently responsible for the improved healing markers in bowel anastomoses even on inflammatory bowel. This gives hope for primary anastomoses and stoma saving in many emergency and/or elective circumstances, especially in immunocompromised or malnourished patients, even in cases with inflammation or peritonitis. Clinical studies should follow in order to support the clinical application of PRP+MSCs in gastrointestinal anastomoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Geropoulos
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Kyriakos Psarras
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Maria Papaioannou
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Geropoulos
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Argyri Niti
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.N.)
| | - Christina Nikolaidou
- Department of Histopathology, Hippokration Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Georgios Koimtzis
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Symeonidis
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Efstathios T. Pavlidis
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Georgios Koliakos
- Biohellenika Biotechnology Company, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.N.)
| | - Theodoros E. Pavlidis
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
| | - Ioannis Galanis
- 2nd Propaedeutical Department of Surgery, Hippokration Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece (G.K.); (N.S.); (E.T.P.); (T.E.P.); (I.G.)
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Sanie-Jahromi F, Nowroozzadeh MH, Shaabanian M, Khademi B, Owji N, Mehrabani D. Characterization of Central and Nasal Orbital Adipose Stem Cells and their Neural Differentiation Footprints. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1111-1119. [PMID: 37670706 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x19666230905114246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unique potential of stem cells to restore vision and regenerate damaged ocular cells has led to the increased attraction of researchers and ophthalmologists to ocular regenerative medicine in recent decades. In addition, advantages such as easy access to ocular tissues, non-invasive follow-up, and ocular immunologic privilege have enhanced the desire to develop ocular regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize central and nasal orbital adipose stem cells (OASCs) and their neural differentiation potential. METHODS The central and nasal orbital adipose tissues extracted during an upper blepharoplasty surgery were explant-cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM)/F12 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cells from passage 3 were characterized morphologically by osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential and by flow cytometry for expression of mesenchymal (CD73, CD90, and CD105) and hematopoietic (CD34 and CD45) markers. The potential of OASCs for the expression of NGF, PI3K, and MAPK and to induce neurogenesis was assessed by real-time PCR. RESULTS OASCs were spindle-shaped and positive for adipogenic and osteogenic induction. They were also positive for mesenchymal and negative for hematopoietic markers. They were positive for NGF expression in the absence of any significant alteration in the expression of PI3K and MAPK genes. Nasal OASCs had higher expression of CD90, higher potential for adipogenesis, a higher level of NGF expression under serum-free supplementation, and more potential for neuron-like morphology. CONCLUSION We suggested the explant method of culture as an easy and suitable method for the expansion of OASCs. Our findings denote mesenchymal properties of both central and nasal OASCs, while mesenchymal and neural characteristics were expressed stronger in nasal OASCs when compared to central ones. These findings can be added to the literature when cell transplantation is targeted in the treatment of neuro-retinal degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sanie-Jahromi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mina Shaabanian
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behzad Khademi
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Naser Owji
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Mehrabani
- Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Hwang N, Kang D, Shin SJ, Yoon BK, Chun J, Kim JW, Fang S. Creeping fat exhibits distinct Inflammation-specific adipogenic preadipocytes in Crohn's disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198905. [PMID: 38111581 PMCID: PMC10725931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Creeping fat (CrF) is an extraintestinal manifestation observed in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). It is characterized by the accumulation of mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) that wraps around the intestinal wall. Although the role of CrF in CD is still debated, multiple studies have highlighted a correlation between CrF and inflammation, as well as fibrostenosais of the intestine, which contributes to the worsening of CD symptoms. However, the mechanism underlying the potential role of CrF in the development of Crohn's fibrosis remains an enigma. This study aimed to analyze CrF comprehensively using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. The data was compared with transcriptomic data from adipose tissue in other disease conditions, such as ulcerative colitis, lymphedema, and obesity. Our analysis classified two lineages of preadipocyte (PAC) clusters responsible for adipogenesis and fibrosis in CrF. Committed PACs in CrF showed increased cytokine expression in response to bacterial stimuli, potentially worsening inflammation in patients with CD. We also observed an increase in fibrotic activity in PAC clusters in CrF. Co-analyzing the data from patients with lymphedema, we found that pro-fibrotic PACs featured upregulated pentraxin-3 expression, suggesting a potential target for the treatment of fibrosis in CrF. Furthermore, PACs in CrF exhibited a distinct increase in cell-to-cell communication via cytokines related to inflammation and fibrosis, such as CCL, LIGHT, PDGF, MIF, and SEMA3. Interestingly, these interactions also increased in PACs of the lymphedema, whereas the increased MIF signal of PACs was found to be a distinct characteristic of CrF. In immune cell clusters in CrF, we observed high immune activity of pro-inflammatory macrophages, antigen-presenting macrophages, B cells, and IgG+ plasma cells. Finally, we have demonstrated elevated IgG+ plasma cell infiltration and increased pentraxin-3 protein levels in the fibrotic regions of CrF in CD patients when compared to MAT from both UC patients and healthy individuals. These findings provide new insights into the transcriptomic features related to the inflammation of cells in CrF and suggest potential targets for attenuating fibrosis in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahee Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwoo Kang
- Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Shin
- Department of Pathology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-woo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Martic I, Papaccio F, Bellei B, Cavinato M. Mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism across skin cells: implications for skin homeostasis and aging. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1284410. [PMID: 38046945 PMCID: PMC10693346 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1284410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging of human skin is a complex process leading to a decline in homeostasis and regenerative potential of this tissue. Mitochondria are important cell organelles that have a crucial role in several cellular mechanisms such as energy production and free radical maintenance. However, mitochondrial metabolism as well as processes of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and degradation varies considerably among the different types of cells that populate the skin. Disturbed mitochondrial function is known to promote aging and inflammation of the skin, leading to impairment of physiological skin function and the onset of skin pathologies. In this review, we discuss the essential role of mitochondria in different skin cell types and how impairment of mitochondrial morphology, physiology, and metabolism in each of these cellular compartments of the skin contributes to the process of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Martic
- Institute for Biochemical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Federica Papaccio
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center for Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Bellei
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center for Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cavinato
- Institute for Biochemical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Innsbruck, Austria
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Ei ZZ, Mutirangura A, Arunmanee W, Chanvorachote P. The Role of Box A of HMGB1 in Enhancing Stem Cell Properties of Human Mesenchymal Cells: A Novel Approach for the Pursuit of Anti-aging Therapy. In Vivo 2023; 37:2006-2017. [PMID: 37652483 PMCID: PMC10500522 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Box A is a highly conserved DNA-binding domain of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and has been shown to reverse senescence and aging features in many cell models. We investigated whether the activation of box A can influence stem cell properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human dermal papilla (DP) cells and primary human white pre-adipocytes (HWPc) were employed as mesenchymal cell models. Box A-overexpressing plasmids were used to induce cellular box A expression. mRNA and protein levels of stemness markers POU class 5 homeobox 1 pseudogene 5 (OCT4, HGNC: 9221), Nanog homeobox (NANOG, HGNC: 20857), and SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2, HGNC:11195) in DP cells and HWPc were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence analysis, respectively. RESULTS Transfection efficiency of box A-overexpressing plasmid was 80% and 50% in DP cells and HWPc, respectively. The proliferative rate of both cell types significantly increased 72 h after transfection. Levels of OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 mRNA and protein expression were significantly increased in box A-transfected DP cells and HWPc compared to empty plasmid-transfected cells. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the induction of OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 protein expression in response to box A in DP cells and HWPc. OCT4 and SOX2 were expressed in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments, while NANOG was intensely located in the nucleus of box A-transfected cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that box A may potentially enhance stemness, which may have significant benefits in improving stem cell function due to aging processes and disease. This research may have implications for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Zin Ei
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Mutirangura
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Genetics of Cancer and Human Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanatchaporn Arunmanee
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Du J, Wang Z, Liu X, Hu C, Yarema KJ, Jia X. Improving Schwann Cell Differentiation from Human Adipose Stem Cells with Metabolic Glycoengineering. Cells 2023; 12:1190. [PMID: 37190099 PMCID: PMC10136940 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells (SCs) are myelinating cells that promote peripheral nerve regeneration. When nerve lesions form, SCs are destroyed, ultimately hindering nerve repair. The difficulty in treating nerve repair is exacerbated due to SC's limited and slow expansion capacity. Therapeutic use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is emerging in combating peripheral nerve injury due to these cells' SC differentiation capability and can be harvested easily in large numbers. Despite ASC's therapeutic potential, their transdifferentiation period typically takes more than two weeks. In this study, we demonstrate that metabolic glycoengineering (MGE) technology enhances ASC differentiation into SCs. Specifically, the sugar analog Ac5ManNTProp (TProp), which modulates cell surface sialylation, significantly improved ASC differentiation with upregulated SC protein S100β and p75NGFR expression and elevated the neurotrophic factors nerve growth factor beta (NGFβ) and glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). TProp treatment remarkably reduced the SC transdifferentiation period from about two weeks to two days in vitro, which has the potential to improve neuronal regeneration and facilitate future use of ASCs in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MST 823, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Zihui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MST 823, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MST 823, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Cecilia Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MST 823, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kevin J. Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Translational Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MST 823, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells from Individuals Who Have Previously Undergone Radiotherapy Retain Their Pro-Wound Healing Properties. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052052. [PMID: 36902839 PMCID: PMC10003870 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Beneficial effects have been observed following the transplant of lipoaspirates containing adipose-derived stem cells into chronic wounds caused by oncologic radiotherapy. It is not yet certain whether adipose-derived stem cells are resistant to radiation exposure. Therefore, the aims of this study were to isolate stromal vascular fraction from human breast tissue exposed to radiotherapy and determine the presence of adipose-derived stem cells. Stromal vascular fraction from irradiated donor tissue was compared to commercially sourced pre-adipocytes. Immunocytochemistry was used to determine the presence of adipose-derived stem cell markers. Conditioned media from stromal vascular fraction isolated from irradiated donors was used as a treatment in a scratch wound assay of dermal fibroblasts also isolated from irradiated donors and compared to pre-adipocyte conditioned media and serum free control. This is the first report of human stromal vascular fraction being cultured from previously irradiated breast tissue. Stromal vascular fraction conditioned media from irradiated donors had a similar effect in increasing the migration of dermal fibroblasts from irradiated skin to pre-adipocyte conditioned media from healthy donors. Therefore, the ability of adipose-derived stem cells in the stromal vascular fraction to stimulate dermal fibroblasts in wound healing appears to be preserved following radiotherapy. This study demonstrates that stromal vascular fraction from irradiated patients is viable, functional and may have potential for regenerative medicine techniques following radiotherapy.
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Bassetto F, Pandis L, Facchin F, Azzena G, Vindigni V. Braxon®-assisted prepectoral breast reconstruction: A decade later. Front Surg 2022; 9:1009356. [PMID: 36420412 PMCID: PMC9677958 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1009356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We are sitting on the cusp of the bioengineered breast era, in which implant-based breast reconstruction is seeing a growing trend and biotechnology research progressively empowers clinical practice. As never before, the choice of biomaterials has acquired great importance for achieving reconstructive outcomes, and the increase in the use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) in the field of senology tells us a story of profound upheaval and progress. With the advent of prepectoral breast reconstruction (PPBR), plenty of devices have been proposed to wrap the silicone prosthesis, either completely or partially. However, this has caused a great deal of confusion and dissent with regard to the adoption of feasible reconstructive strategies as well as the original scientific rationale underlying the prepectoral approach. Braxon® is the very first device that made prepectoral implant positioning possible, wrapping around the prosthesis and exerting the proven ADM regenerative potential at the implant–tissue interface, taking advantage of the body's physiological healing mechanisms. To date, the Braxon® method is among the most studied and practiced worldwide, and more than 50 publications confirm the superior performance of the device in the most varied clinical scenarios. However, a comprehensive record of the working of this pioneering device is still missing. Therefore, our aim with this review is to lay a structured knowledge of surgery with BRAXON® and to provide a decision-making tool in the field of PPBR through a complete understanding on the very first device for prepectoral, one decade after its introduction.
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Effect of Obesity and High-Density Lipoprotein Concentration on the Pathological Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012296. [PMID: 36293147 PMCID: PMC9603479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The typical pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the brain and reactivity of glial cells such as astrocytes and microglia. Clinically, the development of AD and obesity are known to be correlated. In this study, we analyzed the changes in AD pathological characteristics in 5XFAD mice after obesity induction through a high-fat diet (HFD). Surprisingly, high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein AI (APOA-I) serum levels were increased without low-density lipoprotein alteration in both HFD groups. The reactivity of astrocytes and microglia in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and fornix of the hypothalamus in 5XFAD mice was decreased in the transgenic (TG)-HFD high group. Finally, the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the dentate gyrus region of the hippocampus was also significantly decreased in the TG-HFD high group. These results suggest that increased high-density lipoprotein level, especially with increased APOA-I serum level, alleviates the pathological features of AD and could be a new potential therapeutic strategy for AD treatment.
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Adem S, Abbas DB, Lavin CV, Fahy EJ, Griffin M, Diaz Deleon NM, Borrelli MR, Mascharak S, Shen AH, Patel RA, Longaker MT, Nazerali RS, Wan DC. Decellularized Adipose Matrices Can Alleviate Radiation-Induced Skin Fibrosis. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:524-536. [PMID: 34346243 PMCID: PMC9354001 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2021.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Radiation therapy is commonplace for cancer treatment but often results in fibrosis and atrophy of surrounding soft tissue. Decellularized adipose matrices (DAMs) have been reported to improve these soft tissue defects through the promotion of adipogenesis. These matrices are decellularized by a combination of physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods to minimize their immunologic effects while promoting their regenerative effects. In this study, we aimed at exploring the regenerative ability of a DAM (renuva®; MTF biologics, Edison, NJ) in radiation-induced soft tissue injury. Approach: Fresh human lipoaspirate or DAM was injected into the irradiated scalp of CD-1 nude mice, and volume retention was monitored radiographically over 8 weeks. Explanted grafts were histologically assessed, and overlying skin was examined histologically and biomechanically. Irradiated human skin was also evaluated from patients after fat grafting or DAM injection. However, integrating data between murine and human skin in all cohorts is limited given the genetic variability between the two species. Results: Volume retention was found to be greater with fat grafts, though DAM retention was, nonetheless, appreciated at irradiated sites. Improvement in both mouse and human irradiated skin overlying fat and DAM grafts was observed in terms of biomechanical stiffness, dermal thickness, collagen density, collagen fiber networks, and skin vascularity. Innovation: This is the first demonstration of the use of DAMs for augmenting the regenerative potential of irradiated mouse and human skin. Conclusions: These findings support the use of DAMs to address soft tissue atrophy after radiation therapy. Morphological characteristics of the irradiated skin can also be improved with DAM grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Adem
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Darren B. Abbas
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Christopher V. Lavin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Evan J. Fahy
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nestor M. Diaz Deleon
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Mimi R. Borrelli
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shamik Mascharak
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Abra H. Shen
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ronak A. Patel
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Rahim S. Nazerali
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Derrick C. Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Rahmannia M, Amini A, Chien S, Bayat M. Impact of photobiomodulation on macrophages and their polarization during diabetic wound healing: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2805-2815. [PMID: 35635648 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This review aims to providing essential information and the current knowledge about the potential role of macrophages, especially their M2 subtypes in different diabetic wounds both in clinical and pre-clinical models under the influence of photobiomodulation (PBM). The long-term goal is to advance the macrophage-based therapies to accelerate healing of diabetic foot ulcers. We reviewed all databases provided by PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane precisely from their dates of inception to 25/10/2021. The keywords of Diabetes mellitus diseases, wound healing, macrophage, and photobiomodulation or low-level laser therapy were used in this systematic review.A total of 438 articles were initially identified in pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (15 articles), Google scholar (398 articles), Scopus (18 articles), and Web of Science (7 articles). Four hundred sixteen articles that remained after duplicate studies (22 articles) were excluded. After screening abstracts and full texts, 14 articles were included in our analysis. Among them, 4 articles were about the effect of PBM on macrophages in type 2 diabetes and also found 10 articles about the impact of PBM on macrophages in type 1 diabetes. The obtained data from most of the reviewed studies affirmed that the PBM alone or combined with other agents (e.g., stem cells) could moderate the inflammatory response and accelerate the wound healing process in pre-clinical diabetic wound models. However, only very few studies conducted the detailed functions of polarized macrophages and M2 subtypes in wound healing of diabetic models under the influence of PBM. Further pre-clinical and clinical investigations are still needed to investigate the role of M2 macrophages, especially its M2c subtype, in the healing processes of diabetic foot ulcers in clinical and preclinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmannia
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Amini
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sufan Chien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville; and Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville; and Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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14
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Dong G, Wu H, Hu J, Teng L. Stromal Vascular Fraction Promotes Viability of Co-grafted Axial Skin Flaps in Rats Model. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:1950-1963. [PMID: 35794244 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-02812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has been proved in promoting the vascularization of fascial flap through cell differentiation and paracrine effect and can be autologous transplanted without culture after isolation in vitro. We intend to establish a novel co-grafted flap model of rats to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of SVF on flaps and skinsin facilitating angiogenesis and immune regulation. METHOD 60 female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the SVF group and the control group. A pedicled fascial flap combined with a free skin model was established, and 4×106 CM-DIl labeled SVF cells were transplanted into the fascia flap; the rats were executed on days 1, 2, 3, 7, 10 postoperatively (n = 6). Flow cytometry was carried out to determine the cell proportion and surface marker of SVFs. The therapeutic effects of SVF were evaluated via Doppler blood perfusion imager, flap survival rates, histology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The bioinformatic mechanism analysis was achieved by high-throughput RNAseq of mRNA and LncRNA. RESULT Flow cytometry confirmed SVF contains heterogeneous cellular composition, especially hematopoietic cells. Doppler blood perfusion imager showed SVF significantly improved flap survival with higher blood perfusion and survival rates. Immunohistochemistry of CD31 displayed higher level of angiogenesis in SVF-treated group, and CM-DIL-labeled SVF cells could survive and participate in revascularization, and RNA sequencing results revealed SVF promoted wound healing by facilitating intercellular adhesion, cell migration and positive immune response. CONCLUSION SVF could reduce skin flap necrosis and activated neovascularization in rats by facilitating intercellular adhesion, cell migration and regulate positive immune response. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxuan Dong
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, No. 33, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Huanhuan Wu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, No. 33, Beijing, 100144, China.
| | - JunLong Hu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, No. 33, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Li Teng
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, No. 33, Beijing, 100144, China.
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Prišlin M, Vlahović D, Kostešić P, Ljolje I, Brnić D, Turk N, Lojkić I, Kunić V, Karadjole T, Krešić N. An Outstanding Role of Adipose Tissue in Canine Stem Cell Therapy. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12091088. [PMID: 35565514 PMCID: PMC9099541 DOI: 10.3390/ani12091088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, previously known as connective tissue with a role in energy storage, is currently changing the course of treatments in veterinary medicine. Recent studies have revealed one particularly impressive function among all the newly discovered functions of adipose tissue. The interactive cells hosted by adipose tissue, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and their role in treating numerous diseases have provided a prospective course of research with positive outcomes in regenerative veterinary medicine (RVM). This review describes the main features of adipose tissue, emphasizing an eclectic combination of cells within the SVF and its thus far researched therapeutic possibilities in canine RVM. An afterwards focus is on a highly researched component of the SVF, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), which were shown to have an extraordinary impact relying on several proposed mechanisms of action on mitigating pathologies in canines. Furthermore, ASC therapy showed the most significant results in the orthopaedics field and in neurology, dermatology, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, and hepatology, which elevates the possibilities of ASC therapy to a whole new level. Therefore, this review article aims to raise awareness of the importance of research on cellular components, within abundant and easily accessible adipose tissue, in the direction of regenerative therapy in canines, considering the positive outcomes so far. Although the focus is on the positive aspects of cellular therapy in canines, the researchers should not forget the importance of identifying the potential negative aspects within published and upcoming research. Safe and standardized treatment represents a fundamental prerequisite for positively impacting the lives of canine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Prišlin
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (D.B.); (I.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Dunja Vlahović
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.V.); (P.K.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Petar Kostešić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.V.); (P.K.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Ivana Ljolje
- Veterinary Clinic for Small Animals Buba, Dore Pfanove 11, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Dragan Brnić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (D.B.); (I.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Nenad Turk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.V.); (P.K.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Ivana Lojkić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (D.B.); (I.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Valentina Kunić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (D.B.); (I.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Tugomir Karadjole
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.V.); (P.K.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Nina Krešić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska Cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (D.B.); (I.L.); (V.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu J, Zhou L, Zhao F, Zhou C, Yang T, Xu Z, Wang X, Xu L, Xu Z, Ge Y, Wu R, Jia R. Therapeutic effect of adipose stromal vascular fraction spheroids for partial bladder outlet obstruction induced underactive bladder. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:68. [PMID: 35139904 PMCID: PMC8826668 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underactive bladder (UAB) is a common clinical problem but related research is rarely explored. As there are currently no effective therapies, the administration of adipose stromal vascular fraction (ad-SVF) provides a new potential method to treat underactive bladder. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) for four weeks and randomly divided into three groups: rats treated with PBS (Sham group); rats administrated with ad-SVF (ad-SVF group) and rats performed with ad-SVF spheroids (ad-SVFsp group). After four weeks, urodynamic studies were performed to evaluate bladder functions and all rats were sacrificed for further studies. RESULTS We observed that the bladder functions and symptoms of UAB were significantly improved in the ad-SVFsp group than that in the Sham group and ad-SVF group. Meanwhile, our data showed that ad-SVF spheroids could remarkably promote angiogenesis, suppress cell apoptosis and stimulate cell proliferation in bladder tissue than that in the other two groups. Moreover, ad-SVF spheroids increased the expression levels of bFGF, HGF and VEGF-A than ad-SVF. IVIS Spectrum small-animal in vivo imaging system revealed that ad-SVF spheroids could increase the retention rate of transplanted cells in bladder tissue. CONCLUSIONS Ad-SVF spheroids improved functions and symptoms of bladder induced by PBOO, which contributes to promote angiogenesis, suppress cell apoptosis and stimulate cell proliferation. Ad-SVF spheroids provide a potential treatment for the future patients with UAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Changcheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianli Yang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongle Xu
- Department of Urology, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (The Second People's Hospital of Hefei), Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinning Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Luwei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzheng Ge
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Wu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Xue M, Zhao R, March L, Jackson C. Dermal Fibroblast Heterogeneity and Its Contribution to the Skin Repair and Regeneration. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2022; 11:87-107. [PMID: 33607934 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Dermal fibroblasts are the major cell type in the skin's dermal layer. These cells originate from distinct locations of the embryo and reside in unique niches in the dermis. Different dermal fibroblasts exhibit distinct roles in skin development, homeostasis, and wound healing. Therefore, these cells are becoming attractive candidates for cell-based therapies in wound healing. Recent Advances: Human skin dermis comprises multiple fibroblast subtypes, including papillary, reticular, and hair follicle-associated fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts after wounding. Recent studies reveal that these cells play distinct roles in wound healing and contribute to diverse healing outcomes, including nonhealing chronic wound or excessive scar formation, such as hypertrophic scars (HTS) and keloids, with papillary fibroblasts having antiscarring and reticular fibroblast scar-forming properties. Critical Issues: The identities and functions of dermal fibroblast subpopulations in many respects remain unknown. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of dermal fibroblast heterogeneity, including their defined cell markers and dermal niches, dynamic changes, and contributions to skin wound healing, with the emphasis on scarless healing, healing with excessive scars (HTS and keloids), chronic wounds, and the potential application of this heterogeneity for developing cell-based therapies that allow wounds to heal faster with less scarring. Future Directions: Heterogeneous dermal fibroblast populations and their functions are poorly characterized. Refining and advancing our understanding of dermal fibroblast heterogeneity and their participation in skin homeostasis and wound healing may create potential therapeutic applications for nonhealing chronic wounds or wounds that heal with excessive scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruilong Zhao
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lyn March
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher Jackson
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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Senescence of donor cells impairs fat graft regeneration by suppressing adipogenesis and increasing expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:311. [PMID: 34051860 PMCID: PMC8164816 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02383-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fat grafting has been regarded as a promising approach for regenerative therapy. Given the rapidly aging population, better understanding of the effect of age on fat graft outcomes and the underlying mechanisms is urgently needed. Methods C57/BL6 mice [old (O, 18–20-month-old) and young (Y, 4-month-old)] were randomized to four fat graft groups [old-to-old (O-O), young-to-young (Y-Y), old-to-young (O-Y), and young-to-old (Y-O)]. Detailed cellular events before and after grafting were investigated by histological staining, RNA sequencing, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The adipogenic differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) from old or young donors was investigated in vitro. Additionally, adipogenesis of AD-MSCs derived from old recipients was evaluated in the culture supernatant of old or young donor fat tissue. Results After 12 weeks, the volume of fat grafts did not significantly differ between the O-O and O-Y groups or between the Y-Y and Y-O groups, but was significantly smaller in the O-O group than in the Y-O group and in the O-Y group than in the Y-Y group. Compared with fat tissue from young mice, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors were upregulated in fat tissue from old mice. Compared with the Y-O group, adipogenesis markers were downregulated in the O-O group, while SASP factors including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β were upregulated. In vitro, AD-MSCs from old donors showed impaired adipogenesis compared with AD-MSCs from young donors. Additionally, compared with the culture supernatant of young donor fat tissue, the culture supernatant of old donor fat tissue significantly decreased adipogenesis of AD-MSCs derived from old recipients, which might be attributable to increased levels of SASP factors. Conclusions Age has detrimental effects on fat graft outcomes by suppressing adipogenesis of AD-MSCs and upregulating expression of SASP factors, and fat graft outcomes are more dependent on donor age than on recipient age. Thus, rejuvenating fat grafts from old donors or banking younger adipose tissue for later use may be potential approaches to improve fat graft outcomes in older adults. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02383-w.
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Evaluation of Browning Agents on the White Adipogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Contribution to Fighting Obesity. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020403. [PMID: 33669222 PMCID: PMC7919793 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown-like adipocytes can be induced in white fat depots by a different environmental or drug stimuli, known as "browning" or "beiging". These brite adipocytes express thermogenin UCP1 protein and show different metabolic advantages, such as the ability to acquire a thermogenic phenotype corresponding to standard brown adipocytes that counteracts obesity. In this research, we evaluated the effects of several browning agents during white adipocyte differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Our in vitro findings identified two compounds that may warrant further in vivo investigation as possible anti-obesity drugs. We found that rosiglitazone and sildenafil are the most promising drug candidates for a browning treatment of obesity. These drugs are already available on the market for treating diabetes and erectile dysfunction, respectively. Thus, their off-label use may be contemplated, but it must be emphasized that some severe side effects are associated with use of these drugs.
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