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Parveen S, Khan S, Khan MM, Gupta B, Ahmad A, Alam R. Association of lipid profile and obesity in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Regul 2024; 58:83-90. [PMID: 38656255 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2024-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective. Abnormal lipid profile and obesity increase the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS patients may have a greater risk of infertility, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to abnormal lipid profile and obesity. The aim of the study was to find the association between abnormal lipid profile and obesity in patients with PCOS. Methods. In this case-control study, a total of 102 female subjects (51 diagnosed PCOS and 51 age-matched healthy controls) were enrolled, aged between 20-40 years. Biochemical parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were estimated. Anthropometric parameters such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were recorded. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. Mean of BMI, WC, WHR, LH, FSH, TC, TG, LDL-C, and VLDL-C was found significantly elevated in patients with PCOS as compared to controls (p<0.01). However, the mean of HDL-C was found significantly reduced in patients with PCOS as compared to controls (p<0.01). BMI has shown a significant positive correlation with WC (r=0.562, p<0.01) and WHR (r=0.580, p<0.01) among PCOS patients. LH has shown a significant positive correlation with FSH (r=0.572, p<0.01) among PCOS patients. TC has shown a significant positive correlation with TG (r=0.687, p<0.01), LDL-C (r=0.917, p<0.01), and VLDL-C (r=0.726, p<0.01) among PCOS patients. Conclusion. The results showed that abnormal lipid profile and obesity have a significant association with PCOS patients. Regular monitoring and treatment of PCOS patients are required to reduce the risk of infertility, MetS, and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Parveen
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh- 226026, India
| | - Saba Khan
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh- 226026, India
| | - Mohammad Mustufa Khan
- 2Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Integral Institute of Allied Health Sciences & Research (IIAHSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226026, India
| | - Bhavana Gupta
- 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226026, India
| | - Ausaf Ahmad
- 4Department of Community Medicine, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226026, India
| | - Roshan Alam
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences & Research (IIMSR), Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh- 226026, India
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Singh S, Kaur M, Beri A, Kaur A. Significance of LHCGR polymorphisms in polycystic ovary syndrome: an association study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22841. [PMID: 38129424 PMCID: PMC10739822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze the association of Luteinizing Hormone/Choriogonadotropin Receptor (LHCGR) gene rs4953616 and rs7371084 polymorphisms with the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Punjab, India. A total of 823 women (443 PCOS cases and 380 healthy controls) were enrolled in the present study. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP) was used for genotyping. Anthropometric parameters, lipid and hormonal profiles, were compared between the two groups. Demographic features were compared using Mann Whitney U test while the Chi-square test and odds ratios (ORs) were used to assess the genetic association and risk towards PCOS, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was employed to analyze the correlation of genotypes with baseline parameters in PCOS cases. A statistically significant difference was revealed in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs4953616 polymorphism between PCOS cases and controls (p = 0.01 and p = 0.004, respectively). The mutant genotype (TT), mutant allele (T), and recessive model of rs4953616 polymorphism conferred 1.77, 1.3, and 1.5 times risk towards PCOS, respectively. No significant distribution for genotypes and alleles was found for rs7371084 in both groups (p = 0.25 and p = 0.26, respectively). In addition to dyslipidemia, PCOS women also had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), testosterone (T), and luteinizing hormone (LH). Upon haplotype analysis, the TT haplotype was found to be significantly associated with the increased risk of PCOS. Our results demonstrated a significant role of LHCGR rs4953616 polymorphism in the development of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhjashanpreet Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Archana Beri
- Beri Maternity Hospital, Southend Beri Fertility and IVF, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Anupam Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Guo H, Yang B, Kiryu S, Wang Q, Yu D, Sun Z, Chen Y, Li X, Wang F, Ba X. Evaluation of the relations between reproduction-related pituitary and ovarian hormones and abdominal fat area-related variables determined with computed tomography in overweight or obese women who have undergone bariatric surgery: a cross-sectional study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2023; 13:7065-7076. [PMID: 37869350 PMCID: PMC10585523 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background An understanding of the associations between midregion fat depots and systemic hormone levels will be crucial for developing health-promotion messages aimed at overweight or obese women. However, related research in this area is rare. The present study was performed to identify and quantify fat-related reproduction pituitary and ovarian hormones in overweight or obese women. Methods A total of 250 eligible overweight or obese women scheduled to undergo laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) from a single center were retrospectively included in this study. Computed tomography (CT) images at the level of the umbilicus were selected, and abdominal fat areas were measured and calculated. The reproduction-related pituitary and ovarian hormones were also measured. The correlations among the parameters were examined using Spearman correlation test. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed after log and β-transformation of the hormone levels and fat area-related variables. Results Positive correlations were detected for prolactin (PRL) with total fat area (TFA) [β=0.045; P=0.029; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.004-0.085] and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) (β=0.066; P=0.023; 95% CI: 0.009-0.123), whereas estradiol showed a negative correlation with visceral fat area (VFA) (β=-0.056, P=0.005; 95% CI: -0.096 to -0.017) and relative VFA (rVFA) (β=-0.068; P=0.001; 95% CI: -0.109 to -0.027) and a positive correlation with SFA (β=0.036; P=0.042; 95% CI: 0.001-0.071). Progesterone (PROG) was negatively correlated with both VFA (β=-0.037; P=0.002; 95% CI: -0.061 to -0.013) and rVFA (β=-0.039; P=0.002; 95% CI: -0.063 to -0.014). The final results revealed that TFA was increased by 3.1% and SFA was increased by 4.7% with a doubling of PRL concentration; VFA was reduced by 2.5% and rVFA was reduced by 2.6% with a doubling of PROG concentration; and VFA was reduced by 3.8%, rVFA was reduced by 4.6%, and SFA was increased by 2.5% with a doubling of estradiol concentration. Conclusions There exist certain associations between some reproduction-related pituitary and ovarian hormones and fat areas. Our findings provide new insights into the associations between midregion fat depots and systemic hormone levels in overweight or obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiology, Qingzhou People’s Hospital, Qingzhou, China
| | - Shigeru Kiryu
- Department of Radiology, Narita Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zehua Sun
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, Yantai, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University School of Medicine, Yantai, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Radiology, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinru Ba
- Department of Radiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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Suha SA, Islam MN. A systematic review and future research agenda on detection of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with computer-aided techniques. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20524. [PMID: 37867807 PMCID: PMC10589778 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is among the most prevalent endocrinological abnormalities seen in reproductive female bodies posing serious health hazards. The correctness of interpreting this condition depends heavily on the wide spectrum of associated symptoms and the doctor's expertise, making real-time clinical detection quite challenging. Thus, investigations on computer-aided PCOS detection systems have recently been explored by several researchers worldwide as a potential replacement for manual assessment. This review study's objective is to analyze the relevant research works on computer-assisted methods for automatically identifying PCOS through a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology as well as investigate the research limitations and explore potential future research scopes in this domain. 28 articles have been selected using the PRISMA approach based on a set of inclusion-exclusion criteria for conducting the review. The data synthesis of the selected articles has been conducted using six data exploration themes. As outcomes, the SLR explored the topical association between the studies; their research profiles; objectives; data size, type, and sources; methodologies applied for the detection of PCOS; and lastly the research outcomes along with their evaluation measures and performances. The study also highlights areas for future research directions examining the study gaps to enhance the current efforts for autonomous PCOS identification; such as integrating advanced techniques with the current methods; developing interactive software systems; exploring deep learning and unsupervised machine learning techniques; enhancing datasets and country context; and investigating more unknown factors behind PCOS. Thus, this SLR provides a state-of-the-art paradigm of autonomous PCOS detection which will support significantly efficient clinical assessment, diagnosis and treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayma Alam Suha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Bangladesh Army International University of Science and Technology, Cumilla, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Nazrul Islam
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Jiang H, Chen L, Tian T, Shi H, Huang N, Chi H, Yang R, Long X, Qiao J. Inflammation mediates the effect of adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators on the embryogenesis of PCOS women undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1198602. [PMID: 37560312 PMCID: PMC10408295 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1198602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex reproductive endocrine and metabolic disease affecting women of reproductive age. The low-grade chronic inflammation in PCOS is considered to be associated with obesity and dyslipidemia. We aim to investigate the potential mediating role of white blood cell (WBC) count, a representative inflammatory marker, in the effect of adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators on IVF/ICSI outcomes in PCOS women. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,534 PCOS women who underwent their first IVF/ICSI cycles with autologous oocytes at a reproductive center from January 2018 to December 2020. The associations between PCOS women's adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators and WBC count and IVF/ICSI outcomes were examined using multivariable generalized linear models. Mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the possible mediating role of WBC count. Results We found significant dose-dependent correlations between adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators and IVF/ICSI outcomes (i.e., hormone levels on the ovulatory triggering day, oocyte development outcomes, fertilization, early embryo development outcomes, and pregnancy outcomes) (all p < 0.05), as well as between adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators and WBC count (all p < 0.001). Increasing WBC count was associated with adverse oocyte and embryonic development outcomes (all p < 0.05). Mediation analyses suggested that increasing serum TG and LDL-C levels and decreasing serum HDL-C level were significantly associated with reduced high-quality Day 3 embryo count in PCOS women, with 21.51%, 9.75%, and 14.10% mediated by WBC count, respectively (all p < 0.05). Conclusions We observed significant associations between lipid metabolism indicators and high-quality Day 3 embryo count in PCOS women, partially mediated by inflammation-related mechanisms, suggesting the potential intervention target for improving embryo quality in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Lixue Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huifeng Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Centre for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Chi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Long
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Antioxidant Defense Expressed as Glutathione Status and Keap1-Nrf2 System Action in Relation to Anthropometric Parameters and Body Composition in Young Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030730. [PMID: 36978978 PMCID: PMC10045817 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders present in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the associated risk of obesity may result in increased oxidative stress and reproductive failure. Therefore, we evaluated the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reductase (GR), as well as nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associating protein1 (Keap1) in the serum of 56 women with PCOS divided according to the visceral to subcutaneous fat surface ratio (VAT/SAT) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) values. Antioxidant parameter levels were measured by competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay technique. As the VAT/SAT ratio and WHR increased, we observed significantly higher concentrations of GSSG and Keap1 protein and a lower value of the GSSG/GSH ratio (R-index), which is considered an index of cellular redox (p < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between the R-index and body weight, BMI, WHR, subcutaneous and visceral fat surface and the VAT/SAT ratio, and total body fat; positive links were found with fat free mass and total body water. Opposite associations were noted between GSSG level and the aforementioned body composition parameters. Oxidative stress characterized by a depleted reduced-to-oxidized glutathione index is associated with anthropometric and body composition parameters in women with PCOS. In particular, abdominal obesity expressed by the VAT/SAT ratio and/or WHR seems to have a negative impact on glutathione status, which may lead to a disruption of many biological cell processes. The observed negative association of Keap1 with R-index suggests that the elevated oxidative changes dependent on the VAT/SAT ratio may lead to Nrf2 activation to promote antioxidant enzyme expression. Although the GSH/GSSG index as well as the VAT/SAT ratio appear to be good indicators of oxidative status, studies on a larger group of patients should continue to confirm these links among women with PCOS.
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Intake of Low Glycaemic Index Foods but Not Probiotics Is Associated with Atherosclerosis Risk in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030799. [PMID: 36983954 PMCID: PMC10052525 DOI: 10.3390/life13030799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high cardiometabolic risk. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) strongly predicts atherosclerosis. Some studies suggest that probiotic intake may lower AIP. This study analysed the relationship between the frequency of dietary intake of low glycaemic index (prebiotic) and probiotic foods and atherosclerosis risk in women with PCOS. Methods: A total of 127 women were divided into two groups: AIP over 0.11 (highAIP) and AIP ≤ 0.11 (lowAIP). The KomPAN® questionnaire was used to measure food frequency intake; pro-healthy, non-healthy, low glycaemic and probiotic dietary indexes were calculated based on daily food consumption. Body composition was measured by air displacement plethysmography (BodPod). AIP was calculated as a logarithm of triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins from plasma. Results: The highAIP group was 63% less likely to consume low glycaemic index foods three or more times a day than the lowAIP group. The HighAIP group was also 62% less likely to consume buckwheat, oats, whole-grain pasta or coarse-ground grains at least a few times a week. Pro-healthy foods tended to be less frequently consumed by the highAIP group, when adjusted for BMI and age. Conclusion: Women with PCOS at high risk of atherosclerosis consumed less low glycaemic index foods than women with a low risk of atherosclerosis. Intake of high-fibre, low glycaemic index foods could prevent atherosclerosis in women with PCOS; however, the effect of probiotic food intake remains unclear.
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Analyzing the Impact of FSHR Variants on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-a Case-Control Study in Punjab. Reprod Sci 2023:10.1007/s43032-023-01194-z. [PMID: 36821034 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic syndrome that involves hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, and/or small cysts in one or both ovaries which might lead to infertility in women. The genetics of PCOS is heterogenous with the involvement of several genes reported in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Follicular growth and steroidogenesis regulation are both critically dependent on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The variants of FSHR cause abnormal folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, and oocyte maturation at various stages of growth and may render women more susceptible to PCOS development. The present case-control study evaluated the association of FSHR rs6165 and rs6166 variants with PCOS. A total of 743 females were recruited. PCR-RFLP method was used for the genotypic analysis of FSHR polymorphisms. Obesity was examined according to the categorization of body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Biochemical analysis, including a lipid profile, LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, was done in both PCOS women and controls. BMI and WHR revealed a statistically significant difference between PCOS cases and controls. Overall, levels of HDL were significantly lower, whereas cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL levels were higher in PCOS women (p < 0.05). The genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs6165 and rs6166 did not demonstrate significant differences when PCOS women were compared with the control group. However, clinical features of PCOS including gonadotropic hormone (FSH), hyperandrogenism, and dyslipidemia were significantly correlated with variants of FSHR. The present study concludes that rs6165 and rs6166 were significantly related to clinical features of PCOS, regardless of providing direct disease risk.
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Haddad-Filho H, Tosatti JAG, Vale FM, Gomes KB, Reis FM. Updates in diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome-related infertility. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:123-132. [PMID: 36856088 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2177536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects approximately 13% of reproductive age women and is characterized by androgen excess, menstrual irregularity and altered ovarian morphology. PCOS presents a complex etiology and pathophysiology, which still requires a detailed investigation of biochemical signatures to identify the molecules and mechanisms that govern it. AREAS COVERED This narrative review summarizes the main molecular alterations found in the ovarian follicular fluid, endometrium and placenta of women with PCOS, and the genotypes potentially associated with the outcome of infertility treatments in PCOS. EXPERT OPINION PCOS is associated with multiple alterations in growth factors, sex steroid hormones, reactive oxygen species, proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines, which contribute to follicle arrest/ anovulation or suboptimal corpus luteum function, and ultimately to menstrual irregularity and hyperandrogenic symptoms. A panel of PCOS biomarkers should include, besides ovarian products, markers of adipose tissue function, insulin resistance, vascular health, and low-grade chronic inflammation. The effects of ovarian stimulation drugs on infertile women with PCOS are likely to be modified by genetic factors, but the available evidence is heterogeneous; therefore, future studies should evaluate standard treatments and pre-specified outcomes of interest to provide more conclusive answers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio Haddad-Filho
- Graduate Program in Surgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Jéssica A G Tosatti
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyzes - Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Vale
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyzes - Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Karina B Gomes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyzes - Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Reis
- Division of Human Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Mazloomi S, Barartabar Z, Pilehvari S. The Association Between Increment of Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-6 in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Body Mass Index. J Reprod Infertil 2023; 24:26-34. [PMID: 36919048 PMCID: PMC10008139 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v24i1.11906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is an association between inflammatory factors and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and most of women with PCOS experience the symptoms of hirsutism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of obesity in PCOS occurrence, which is linked with inflammation and hirsutism. Methods This study was designed as a case-control research. It was performed on 102 women with PCOS and 102 healthy women as controls who were age-matched. Serum concentrations of testosterone, estradiol (E2), IL-1, IL-6, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and aromatase activity were measured in blood samples. Statistical tests including unpaired t-tests, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman's correlation, and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results A significant difference was found between hs-CRP, IL-1, and IL-6 in PCOS patients and healthy individuals (p<0.001). Aromatase activity was markedly lower in PCOS cases. The serum level of IL-1 (p=0.392) and IL-6 (p=0.764) was not different between overweight and normal weight women. In both studied groups (case and control), hirsutism frequency was markedly higher in individuals with BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 (p<0.05). Inflammatory factors significantly affected the PCOS group (p<0.05). However, logistic regression showed that hs-CRP increment is more effective on increasing the risk of PCOS (OR: 6.324, p<0.001). Conclusion In this study, hs-CRP, IL-1, and IL-6 levels increased in all PCOS women. Although the incidence of hirsutism in PCOS is associated with obesity, in PCOS pathogenesis, only IL-1 and IL-6 were independent of BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mazloomi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Barartabar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shamim Pilehvari
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicine School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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11
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Singh S, Kaur M, Kaur R, Beri A, Kaur A. Association analysis of LHCGR variants and polycystic ovary syndrome in Punjab: a case-control approach. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:335. [PMID: 36585675 PMCID: PMC9805054 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-metabolic disorder that affects women at their child bearing age. The exact etiology is uncertain, however the involvement of multiple genes and environmental interactions has been proposed for the advancement of PCOS. The aim of present study was to evaluate the association of LHCGR variants (rs2293275 and rs12470652) with PCOS in Punjab. METHODS The present case-control study comprised a total of 743 women (421 PCOS cases and 322 healthy controls). Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique (PCR-RFLP). Biochemical analysis was carried out to measure the levels of cholesterol, High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). All the statistical analysis was done using SPSS (version21, IBM SPSS, NY, USA). RESULTS The mutant genotype (AA) and mutant allele (A) of rs2293275 conferred 1.7 and 1.3 fold risk, respectively and mutant allele (C) of rs12470652 conferred 2.3 fold risks towards PCOS progression. Levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were elevated and HDL levels were lower in PCOS cases as compared to controls. Total testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels were also found to be higher in PCOS cases. CONCLUSION Our study postulated that LHCGR variants are playing a cardinal role in the progression of PCOS and can be used to assess the risk of PCOS in women of reproductive age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhjashanpreet Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 143005
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 143005
| | - Ratneev Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 143005
| | - Archana Beri
- Beri Maternity Hospital, Southend Beri Fertility and IVF, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Anupam Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India, 143005.
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12
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Huang R, Chen Y, Tu M, Wang W. Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A1 ratios are associated with bone homeostasis imbalance caused by chronic inflammation in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1062999. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1062999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Emerging evidences demonstrated that chronic inflammation can influence bone metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to bone homeostasis imbalance. The aim of this study was to assess the correlations between novel pro-inflammatory indexes like monocyte to high-density lipoprotein (MHR), apolipoprotein A1 (MAR) ratios and bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers in Chinese postmenopausal women with T2DM.Method: In this study, a total of 619 participants with complete data were included in the final analysis. Demographic and anthropometric information was collected. Biochemical parameters and bone turnover markers were determined by standard methods. BMD was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Correlation analysis and regression models were conducted to assess the associations between MHR, MAR and bone turnover markers, BMD. Multiple binomial logistic regression model was used to estimate the independent variables of MHR and MAR for osteoporosis.Results: Overall, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 38.3%. MHR and MAR were significantly correlated with C-terminal cross linking of type I collagen (β-CTX), L1-L4, femoral neck BMD and T scores. These correlations remained significant after adjustment for other confounding factors. Meanwhile, MHR and MAR were also significantly associated with higher odds of osteoporosis, the odds ratios (ORs) (95%CI) were 1.88 (1.49–2.38) and 2.30 (1.72–3.09) respectively. Furthermore, MHR and MAR seemed to have a good identifying value for osteoporosis. The area under the curve of MHR and MAR identifying osteoporosis were 0.791 (95% CI: 0.753–0.828) and 0.843 (95% CI: 0.809–0.877) respectively (p < 0.001). The optimal cut-off values of MHR and MAR were 4.53 × 108/mmol (sensitivity: 60.8%, specificity: 85.9%) and 4.74 × 108/g (sensitivity: 71.7%, specificity: 89.3%) respectively.Conclusion: MHR and MAR were significantly associated with osteoporosis. These two novel pro-inflammatory indexes may be ideal markers to reflect bone homeostasis imbalance caused by chronic inflammation in Chinese postmenopausal women with T2DM.
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Suha SA, Islam MN. An extended machine learning technique for polycystic ovary syndrome detection using ovary ultrasound image. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17123. [PMID: 36224353 PMCID: PMC9556522 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrinological abnormality and one of the primary causes of anovulatory infertility in women globally. The detection of multiple cysts using ovary ultrasonograpgy (USG) scans is one of the most reliable approach for making an accurate diagnosis of PCOS and creating an appropriate treatment plan to heal the patients with this syndrome. Instead of depending on error-prone manual identification, an intelligent computer-aided cyst detection system can be a viable approach. Therefore, in this research, an extended machine learning classification technique for PCOS prediction has been proposed, trained and tested over 594 ovary USG images; where the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) incorporating different state-of-the-art techniques and transfer learning has been employed for feature extraction from the images; and then stacking ensemble machine learning technique using conventional models as base learners and bagging or boosting ensemble model as meta-learner have been used on that reduced feature set to classify between PCOS and non-PCOS ovaries. The proposed technique significantly enhances the accuracy while also reducing training execution time comparing with the other existing ML based techniques. Again, following the proposed extended technique, the best performing results are obtained by incorporating the "VGGNet16" pre-trained model with CNN architecture as feature extractor and then stacking ensemble model with the meta-learner being "XGBoost" model as image classifier with an accuracy of 99.89% for classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayma Alam Suha
- grid.442983.00000 0004 0456 6642Military Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Dhaka, 1216 Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Nazrul Islam
- grid.442983.00000 0004 0456 6642Military Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Dhaka, 1216 Bangladesh
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Hegde P, Prasanna Kumar Shetty, Shilpa S Shetty, Lakshmi Manjeera, D Prashanth Shetty, Suchetha Kumari N. A study on changes in hormonal disruption in polycystic ovary syndrome with advancing age and body mass index. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i3.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a diverse condition that contributes to metabolic problems like insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism which women experience during their reproductive years, and it is closely related to the body mass index. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, biochemical, and hormonal profiles of PCOS patients and healthy women concerning age and BMI and to correlate insulin with other parameters.
Materials and Methods: The present case-control study was conducted from June 2019-April 2021. 180 PCOS women and 170 age-matched healthy women were enrolled from Mangalore, Karnataka. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical, hormonal profile, and the presence of IR were estimated in all patients and were further subdivided based on age and BMI.
Results: The mean age of patients with PCOS and controls was 25.9± 5.6 years vs 24.7 ± 6.8 years. BMI and WHR had statistical significance (p<0.01) between the groups. TG & HDL showed statistical significance (p<0.05) in both age groups who were underweight and had normal BMI. A significant difference (p<0.05) was also observed in plasma insulin and HOMA-IR in all groups except in women who were obese.
Conclusion: PCOS women were presented with hyperandrogenism and had metabolic risk factors like insulin resistance and low HDL-C levels at budding age and increased BMI. When comparing women with and without PCOS from the south Indian state of Karnataka, our findings revealed that changes in sex hormone levels had no significant impact on age or BMI.
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15
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Spritzer PM. Inflammatory mediators in polycystic ovary syndrome: the case of interleukin-18. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2022; 66:1-2. [PMID: 35263046 PMCID: PMC9991032 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poli Mara Spritzer
- Unidade de Endocrinologia Ginecológica, Serviço de Endocrinologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, .,Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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16
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Favourable Changes in C-Peptide, C-Reactive Protein and Lipid Profile, and Improved Quality of Life in Patients with Abnormal Body Mass Index after the Use of Manual Lymphatic Drainage: A Case Series with Three-Month Follow-Up. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020273. [PMID: 35208596 PMCID: PMC8878077 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: to try to assess the effect of manual lymphatic drainage on the biochemical parameters and quality of life of patients with abnormal body mass index. The study included three women, average age 46 years (patient 1 with normal body weight as a control; patient 2: overweight; patient 3 with class 2 obesity). After qualification, physiotherapeutic interview and examination was carried out; the concentrations of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), lipid profile, and quality of life were also examined. Additionally, in patients with abnormal body mass index, biochemical parameters were monitored for 3 months. Each patient underwent 10 manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) therapy sessions, three times a week for 30 min. In the overweight patient (patient 2), a decrease in the concentration of C-peptide, hsCRP and triglycerides was observed after the series of MLD therapy. An improvement in the quality of life, intestinal motility, and a reduction in the frequency of flatulence were also noted. Moreover, after the therapy, patient 2 reported better sleep and increased vitality. In contrast, in patient 3 (with grade 2 obesity), a decrease in triglyceride levels, but not other biomarkers, was detected after the series of MDL therapy. Additionally, in patient 3, an improvement in the quality of life, an improvement in intestinal peristalsis, and reduction of menstrual pain were observed after MLD therapy. For comparison, in a patient with a normal body weight as a control (patient 1), there were no changes in biochemical parameters or improvement in the quality of life after MLD therapy. Our preliminary research indicates improvement of the concentration C-peptide, lipid profile, a reduction in the inflammation, and improved quality of life in patients with abnormal body mass index after MLD therapy. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the effectiveness of MLD therapy in patients with varying degrees of abnormal body mass index, i.e., from overweight to obesity.
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A Review on CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 Polymorphism Studies: Candidate Susceptibility Genes for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Infertility. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020302. [PMID: 35205347 PMCID: PMC8871850 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a multifactorial condition associated with reproductive and endocrine organs and might cause infertility and metabolic abnormalities in childbearing age. PCOS seems to be a multifactorial disorder resulting from the combination of several genetic and environmental factors. Little research has been conducted to date on the impact of polymorphisms in infertility. We aim to review the appearance of polymorphisms in females of diverse ethnicities and their effect on infertility in the population with polycystic ovary syndrome. There have been numerous reports of the importance of the steroidogenesis pathway and genetic variants in PCOS pathogenesis. The most important genes that play a role in the aetiology of PCOS are CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1. We evaluated the occurrence of polymorphisms in various ethnicities in the CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 genes and their efficacy on increasing PCOS risk with infertility. Our findings revealed that polymorphisms in various ethnicities are associated with the risk of PCOS with infertility. Although conflicting results regarding CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 polymorphisms and their influence on PCOS with infertility have been reported in a small number of papers, the authors feel this may be attributable to the sample size and ethnic composition of the examined populations. In conclusion, our study strongly suggests that the CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 genes might significantly enhance the probability of developing PCOS with infertility.
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Kałużna M, Czlapka-Matyasik M, Kompf P, Moczko J, Wachowiak-Ochmańska K, Janicki A, Samarzewska K, Ruchała M, Ziemnicka K. Lipid ratios and obesity indices are effective predictors of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2022; 13:20420188211066699. [PMID: 35035875 PMCID: PMC8755932 DOI: 10.1177/20420188211066699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metabolic syndrome (MS) involves IR, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and visceral fat accumulation. Therefore, fatness indices and blood lipid ratios can be considered as screening markers for MS. Our study aimed to evaluate the predictive potential of selected indirect metabolic risk parameters to identify MS in PCOS. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 596 women aged 18-40 years, including 404 PCOS patients diagnosed according to the Rotterdam criteria and 192 eumenorrheic controls (CON). Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken, and blood samples were collected to assess glucose metabolism, lipid parameters, and selected hormone levels. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and triglycerides-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) were calculated. MS was assessed using the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) criteria. RESULTS MS prevalence was significantly higher in PCOS versus CON. Patients with both MS and PCOS had more unfavorable anthropometric, hormonal, and metabolic profiles versus those with neither MS nor PCOS and versus CON with MS. LAP, TG/HDL-C, VAI, and WHtR were the best markers and strongest indicators of MS in PCOS, and their cut-off values could be useful for early MS detection. MS risk in PCOS increased with elevated levels of these markers and was the highest when TG/HDL-C was used. CONCLUSIONS LAP, TG/HDL-C, VAI, and WHtR are representative markers for MS assessment in PCOS. Their predictive power makes them excellent screening tools for internists and enables acquiring accurate diagnoses using fewer MS markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pola Kompf
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and
Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan,
Poland
| | - Jerzy Moczko
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics,
Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Adam Janicki
- Heliodor Świȩcicki Clinical Hospital, Poznan,
Poland
| | - Karolina Samarzewska
- Department of Clinical Auxiology and Pediatric
Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and
Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan,
Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ziemnicka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and
Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan,
Poland
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Kolay E, Bykowska-Derda A, Abdulsamad S, Kaluzna M, Samarzewska K, Ruchala M, Czlapka-Matyasik M. Self-Reported Eating Speed Is Associated with Indicators of Obesity in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9111559. [PMID: 34828605 PMCID: PMC8619990 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating speed (ES) as a dietary behaviour has become a widely discussed factor for weight management and obesity. This study analysed the relationship between ES and anthropometric indicators of obesity, including BMI and waist circumference (WC) in adults. A search conducted of PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct and Scopus found six longitudinal studies and fifteen cross-sectional studies published for further analysis. A quality assessment was performed with the MINORS checklist. Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis and almost all reviewed studies showed that ES was associated with BMI, and non-fast eaters had significantly lower BMI than fast eaters. Therefore, it was assumed that slowing down the ES may be an effective strategy for weight management and lowering obesity risk. There was also an association between WC and ES. Assessment of eating speed can be included in nutrition surveys to analyse obesity risk. More broadly, research is also needed to establish a validated and standardised methodology to determine eating speed. Further research needs to examine the links between eating speed, obesity, ethnicity, sex, food culture and chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Kolay
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (E.K.); (A.B.-D.); (S.A.)
| | - Aleksandra Bykowska-Derda
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (E.K.); (A.B.-D.); (S.A.)
| | - Safa Abdulsamad
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (E.K.); (A.B.-D.); (S.A.)
| | - Malgorzata Kaluzna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Karolina Samarzewska
- Department of Clinical Auxiology and Pediatric Nursing, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 27/33 Szpitalna, 60-572 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Ruchala
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (E.K.); (A.B.-D.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-846-62-04
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20
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Kałużna M, Nomejko A, Słowińska A, Wachowiak-Ochmańska K, Pikosz K, Ziemnicka K, Ruchała M. Lower sexual satisfaction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:1035-1044. [PMID: 34319905 PMCID: PMC8428045 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multi-symptom disorder linked with a range of metabolic and hormonal disturbances. Psychological and sexual aspects of PCOS also need to be considered. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY This study aimed to assess sexual satisfaction (SS) in PCOS patients and eumenorrheic controls (CON). The relationships between SS, depressive symptoms, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and hormonal and metabolic profiles were evaluated. METHODS In this study, 190 patients with PCOS (mean age 26.34 ± 5.47 years) and 197 age-matched CON (mean age 27.12 ± 4.97 years) were enrolled. All subjects completed Polish version of the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ), WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R) questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected to assess hormonal, lipid, and glucose profiles. Anthropometric measures were collected. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was evaluated according to the IDF-AHA/NHLBI criteria. RESULTS Patients with PCOS and MS had lower SS vs non-MS-PCOS. There were no significant differences in the level of SS, presence of depressive symptoms, or HRQoL between PCOS and CON (P > 0.05). Negative correlations were found between the SS level and BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio in PCOS women. However, overweight or obese PCOS women did not differ in SS levels vs normal-weight PCOS patients. The social dimension of WHOQOL-BREF was the only significant predictor of SS in PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS SS in PCOS women appears to be undisturbed. However, MS in PCOS patients could negatively influence SS. The level of SS should be assessed in PCOS women, especially if MS is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kałużna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Kałużna:
| | - Agnieszka Nomejko
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Słowińska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Pikosz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ziemnicka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Sarahian N, Sarvazad H, Sajadi E, Rahnejat N, Eskandari Roozbahani N. Investigation of common risk factors between polycystic ovary syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review. Reprod Health 2021; 18:156. [PMID: 34311759 PMCID: PMC8314638 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common endocrine and metabolic disorders in premenopausal women is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and/or ultrasound evidence of small ovarian cysts. Obesity and insulin resistance are also the main factors influencing the clinical manifestations of this syndrome. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most typical progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain, and recent studies suggest a relationship between endocrinal dysregulation and neuronal loss during AD pathology. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the common risk factors for Alzheimer's and PCOS based on previous studies. Knowing the common risk factors and eliminating them may prevent neurodegenerative Alzheimer's disease in the future. METHOD In this narrative review, international databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and the Web of Science, were searched to retrieve the relevant studies. The relevant studies' summaries were categorized to discuss the possible pathways that may explain the association between Alzheimer's and PCOS signs/symptoms and complications. RESULTS According to our research, the factors involved in Alzheimer's and PCOS disorders may share some common risk factors. In patients with PCOS, increased LH to FSH ratio, decreased vitamin D, insulin resistance, and obesity are some of the most important factors that may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Sarahian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosna Sarvazad
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Sajadi
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Rahnejat
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Narges Eskandari Roozbahani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Kałużna M, Czlapka-Matyasik M, Bykowska-Derda A, Moczko J, Ruchala M, Ziemnicka K. Indirect Predictors of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Comparison of Methods. Nutrients 2021; 13:2494. [PMID: 34444654 PMCID: PMC8401513 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation, is a part of a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotype. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides a gold standard measurement of VAT. This study aimed to compare ten different indirect methods of VAT estimation in PCOS women. The study included 154 PCOS and 68 age- and BMI-matched control women. Subjects were divided into age groups: 18-30 y.o. and 30-40 y.o. Analysis included: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist/height 0.5 (WHT.5R), visceral adipose index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and fat mass index (FMI). VAT accumulation, android-to-gynoid ratio (A/G), and total body fat (TBF) was measured by DXA. ROC analysis revealed that WHtR, WHT.5R, WC, BMI, and LAP demonstrated the highest predictive value in identifying VAT in the PCOS group. Lower cut-off values of BMI (23.43 kg/m2) and WHtR (0.45) were determined in the younger PCOS group and higher thresholds of WHtR (0.52) in the older PCOS group than commonly used. Measuring either: WHtR, WHT.5R, WC, BMI, or LAP, could help identify a subgroup of PCOS patients at high cardiometabolic risk. The current observations reinforce the importance of using special cut-offs to identify VAT, dependent on age and PCOS presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kałużna
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| | - Magdalena Czlapka-Matyasik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (M.C.-M.); (A.B.-D.)
| | - Aleksandra Bykowska-Derda
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (M.C.-M.); (A.B.-D.)
| | - Jerzy Moczko
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marek Ruchala
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
| | - Katarzyna Ziemnicka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland; (M.R.); (K.Z.)
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Mizgier M, Jarząbek-Bielecka G, Wendland N, Jodłowska-Siewert E, Nowicki M, Brożek A, Kędzia W, Formanowicz D, Opydo-Szymaczek J. Relation between Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Macronutrient Intakes in Normal and Excessive Body Weight Adolescent Girls with Clinical Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Nutrients 2021; 13:896. [PMID: 33801995 PMCID: PMC8001803 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of diet on inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) in girls with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unknown. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate, in PCOS girls, whether certain macronutrient intakes can be associated with these disturbances. For this purpose, 59 PCOS participants (aged 14-18 years) were recruited to this study and divided into two subgroups: overweight/obese-Ov/Ob group (n = 22) and normal weight-N group (n = 37). Nutrition was assessed using a 3-day food record. The studied markers were total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1 and IL-6). We found plant protein intake inversely correlated with IL-6 (p = 0.007; r = -0.557), TNF-α (p = 0.006; r = -0.564), MDA (p = 0.01; r = -0.539) in the Ov/Ob group and with TAC (p = 0.021; r = -0.38) in the N group. Inverse correlations in the Ov/Ob group were observed between protein intake and IL-6 (p = 0.031; r = -0.461), TNF- α (p = 0.043; r = -0.435); carbohydrates and IL-6 (p = 0.037; r = -0.448), MDA (p = 0.045; r = -0.431); fiber and IL-6 (p = 0.025; r = -0.475). A positive relationship between cholesterol intake and CRP concentration (p = 0.038; r = 0.342) was also found in the N group. These findings revealed that inflammation and OS are increased in Ov/Ob girls with decreased plant protein intake and low carbohydrates in the diet. Moreover, inflammation may be increased by cholesterol intake in slim PCOS girls. On the other hand, decreased intake of fiber and total protein intake increased inflammation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04738409.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Mizgier
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Physical Culture in Gorzów Wlkp., Poznan University of Physical Education, Estkowskiego 13, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | - Grażyna Jarząbek-Bielecka
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Division of Developmental Gynecology and Sexology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (G.J.-B.); (W.K.)
| | - Natalia Wendland
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (N.W.); (J.O.-S.)
| | - Elżbieta Jodłowska-Siewert
- Department of Computer Science and Statistics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Marcin Nowicki
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Alicja Brożek
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Witold Kędzia
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Division of Developmental Gynecology and Sexology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (G.J.-B.); (W.K.)
| | - Dorota Formanowicz
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.N.); (A.B.); (D.F.)
| | - Justyna Opydo-Szymaczek
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland; (N.W.); (J.O.-S.)
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