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Hurtado-Monzón EG, Valencia-Mayoral P, Silva-Olivares A, Bañuelos C, Velázquez-Guadarrama N, Betanzos A. The Helicobacter pylori infection alters the intercellular junctions on the pancreas of gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:273. [PMID: 39030443 PMCID: PMC11271430 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a common resident in the stomach of at least half of the world's population and recent evidence suggest its emergence in other organs such as the pancreas. In this organ, the presence of H. pylori DNA has been reported in cats, although the functional implications remain unknown. In this work, we determined distinct features related to the H. pylori manifestation in pancreas in a rodent model, in order to analyse its functional and structural effect. Gerbils inoculated with H. pylori exhibited the presence of this bacterium, as revealed by the expression of some virulence factors, as CagA and OMPs in stomach and pancreas, and confirmed by urease activity, bacterial culture, PCR and immunofluorescence assays. Non-apparent morphological changes were observed in pancreatic tissue of infected animals; however, delocalization of intercellular junction proteins (claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin, ZO-1, E-cadherin, β-catenin, desmoglein-2 and desmoplakin I/II) and rearrangement of the actin-cytoskeleton were exhibited. This structural damage was consistent with alterations in the distribution of insulin and glucagon, and a systemic inflammation, event demonstrated by elevated IL-8 levels. Overall, these findings indicate that H. pylori can reach the pancreas, possibly affecting its function and contributing to the development of pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar G Hurtado-Monzón
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Pedro Valencia-Mayoral
- Departamento de Patología Clínica y Experimental del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Angélica Silva-Olivares
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Cecilia Bañuelos
- Programa de Doctorado Transdisciplinario en Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico Para La Sociedad, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Norma Velázquez-Guadarrama
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Área de Genética Bacteriana del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
| | - Abigail Betanzos
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de Mexico, México.
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Weisy OKM, Kedia RA, Mahmoud I, Abu Odeh RO, Mussa BM, Abusnana S, Soliman SSM, Muhammad JS, Hamad M, Ghemrawi R, Khoder G. Assessment of Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated Gene A (Cag A) protein and its association with ferritin and vitamin B12 deficiencies among adult healthy asymptomatic residents in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32141. [PMID: 38882276 PMCID: PMC11180313 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) serves as an effective epidemiological site for assessing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection due to its diverse population. However, comprehensive studies on the prevalence of H. pylori in the UAE are notably scarce. In depth prevalence studies are needed as a preventive measure against gastric cancer and other emerging extra gastric diseases associated with H. pylori infection. Aim: This study aimed to assess H. pylori infection and its virulent oncoprotein, the Cytotoxin-Associated Gene (Cag A) and its association with ferritin and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Methods: The study was conducted on 1094 healthy asymptomatic volunteers residents in the Sharjah Emirate, UAE. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to assess H. pylori infection using H. pylori antibodies (IgG), and detection of CagA protein using Cag A antibody (IgG) in the human serum. Ferritin and vitamin B12 serum levels were assessed and correlated to H. pylori infection. Results: This study focuses mainly on the assessment of H. pylori and its virulent factor CagA, in relation to vitamin B12 and ferritin deficiencies. Remarkably, 49.6 % of the participants were detected positive for H. pylori, with over half of these cases involving CagA positive strains. Notably, among Emirati participants, 76.11 % of those with H. pylori infection were CagA positive. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between H. pylori, CagA level, and ferritin/vitamin B12 deficiencies. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of timely detection and eradication of H. pylori not only as a preventive strategy against gastric cancer but also as an effective strategy to rescue the adverse effects from ferritin and vitamin B12 deficiencies, thereby improving the overall health outcomes of individuals affected by H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Kolthoom M Weisy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceuticals Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reena A Kedia
- Research Institute for Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Mahmoud
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raed O Abu Odeh
- Research Institute for Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bashair M Mussa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salah Abusnana
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Clinical Science Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sameh S M Soliman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Research Institute for Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamad Hamad
- Research Institute for Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rose Ghemrawi
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghalia Khoder
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceuticals Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Luzko I, P Nyssen O, Moreira L, Gisbert JP. Safety profile of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatments: literature review and updated data of the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg). Expert Opin Drug Saf 2024; 23:553-564. [PMID: 38557327 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2338245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), the most prevalent chronic infection globally, is the major cause of relevant diseases such as gastric cancer, leading to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several studies have focused on optimize H. pylori eradication treatment through combination therapies and antibiotic resistance. However, the adverse events profile and its impact, as a primary outcome, remains underexplored.The aim of this review was to summarize the available data on the safety of the most common regimens for H. pylori eradication and its impact on the compliance. AREAS COVERED This review encompassed the published evidence from the years 2008 to 2023 regarding both the safety and compliance for most common H. pylori eradication regimens. The main sources for this review comprised MEDLINE, PubMed, and Cochrane electronic databases. Furthermore, it included a safety analysis of unpublished data from the European Registry on H. pylori management (Hp-EuReg). EXPERT OPINION Poor compliance is correlated with significantly lower cure rates, and this is a unique modifiable source of H. pylori treatment failure. Eradication treatments have become complex, involving multiple drugs and dosing intervals. Thus, patient education is crucial; doctors must explain to the patient about potential temporary and most often harmless side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Luzko
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga P Nyssen
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Moreira
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), IDIBAPS (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
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Ou L, Zhu Z, Hao Y, Li Q, Liu H, Chen Q, Peng C, Zhang C, Zou Y, Jia J, Li H, Wang Y, Su B, Lai Y, Chen M, Chen H, Feng Z, Zhang G, Yao M. 1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose: A Novel Potent Anti- Helicobacter pylori Adhesion Agent Derived from Aqueous Extracts of Terminalia chebula Retz. Molecules 2024; 29:1161. [PMID: 38474673 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose is a natural compound that can be extracted from the aqueous extracts of ripe fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz, commonly known as "Haritaki". The potential anti-Helicobacter pylori (HP) activity of this compound has not been extensively studied or confirmed in scientific research. This compound was isolated using a semi-preparative liquid chromatography (LC) system and identified through Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (UPLC-MS/MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Its role was evaluated using Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay, scanning electron microscope (SEM), inhibiting kinetics curves, urea fast test, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Western blot, and Griess Reagent System. Results showed that this compound effectively inhibits the growth of HP strain ATCC 700392, damages the HP structure, and suppresses the Cytotoxin-associated gene A (Cag A) protein, a crucial factor in HP infection. Importantly, it exhibits selective antimicrobial activity without impacting normal epithelial cells GES-1. In vitro studies have revealed that 1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose acts as an anti-adhesive agent, disrupting the adhesion of HP to host cells, a critical step in HP infection. These findings underscore the potential of 1,3,6-Trigalloylglucose as a targeted therapeutic agent against HP infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy (Qingdao), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Yajie Hao
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Hengrui Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Future Homo Sapiens Institute of Regenerative Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510535, China
| | - Qingchang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Chang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Chuqiu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuanjing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Junwei Jia
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Hui Li
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Bingmei Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yuqian Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Meiyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Haobo Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy (Qingdao), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Linyi 273400, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi 276006, China
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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Liu M, Wang Y, Du B. Update on the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and asthma in terms of microbiota and immunity. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 20:4. [PMID: 38221621 PMCID: PMC10788013 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-024-00870-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
H. pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that is usually acquired in childhood and can persistently colonize the gastric mucosa of humans, affecting approximately half of the world's population. In recent years, the prevalence of H. pylori infection has steadily reduced while the risk of allergic diseases has steadily climbed. As a result, epidemiological research indicates a strong negative association between the two. Moreover, numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that eradicating H. pylori increases the risk of allergic diseases. Hence, it is hypothesized that H. pylori infection may act as a safeguard against allergic diseases. The hygiene hypothesis, alterations in gut microbiota, the development of tolerogenic dendritic cells, and helper T cells could all be involved in H. pylori's ability to protect against asthma. Furthermore, Studies on mice models have indicated that H. pylori and its extracts are crucial in the management of asthma. We reviewed the in-depth studies on the most recent developments in the relationship between H. pylori infection and allergic diseases, and we discussed potential mechanisms of the infection's protective effect on asthma in terms of microbiota and immunity. We also investigated the prospect of the application of H. pylori and its related components in asthma, so as to provide a new perspective for the prevention or treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bing Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Wang C, Li W, Shao L, Zhou A, Zhao M, Li P, Zhang Z, Wu J. Both extracellular vesicles from helicobacter pylori-infected cells and helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles are involved in gastric/extragastric diseases. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:484. [PMID: 37932800 PMCID: PMC10626716 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as crucial mediators in the cross-talk between hosts and pathogens, playing a significant role in infectious diseases and cancers. Among these pathogens, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a particularly important bacterium implicated in various gastrointestinal disorders, gastric cancers, and systemic illnesses. H. pylori achieves these effects by stimulating host cells to secrete EVs and generating internal outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). The EVs derived from H. pylori-infected host cells modulate inflammatory signaling pathways, thereby affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine release, immune cell modification, and endothelial dysfunction, as well as disrupting cellular junctional structures and inducing cytoskeletal reorganization. In addition, OMVs isolated from H. pylori play a pivotal role in shaping subsequent immunopathological responses. These vesicles incite both inflammatory and immunosuppressive reactions within the host environment, facilitating pathogen evasion of host defenses and invasion of host cells. Despite this growing understanding, research involving H. pylori-derived EVs remains in its early stages across different domains. In this comprehensive review, we present recent advancements elucidating the contributions of EV components, such as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and proteins, to the pathogenesis of gastric and extragastric diseases. Furthermore, we highlight their potential utility as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and vehicles for targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Anni Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengran Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, BeijingKey Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China.
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Ahmed A, EL‐Sadig SM, Eltigani HF, Bongomin F, Siddig EE. The first Helicobacter pylori-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome in Sudan. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e8204. [PMID: 38028082 PMCID: PMC10645600 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message This case report highlights the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of GBS. Healthcare providers should consider H. pylori in their differential diagnosis for patients with neurological syndromes. Astract We report the first known case of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in Sudan. This case highlights the role of H. pylori infection in the development of GBS. It also emphasizes the importance of wide screening of different endemic infections for patients with neurological syndromes for early detection and improves the case management in resource-limited settings like Sudan. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of H. pylori-inducing neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Ahmed
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)AllschwilSwitzerland
- University of BaselBaselSwitzerland
- Institute of Endemic DiseaseUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan
| | | | | | - Felix Bongomin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of MedicineGulu UniversityGuluUganda
| | - Emmanuel Edwar Siddig
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory SciencesUniversity of KhartoumKhartoumSudan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, ErasmusMCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
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Ezzati Amini E, Moradi Y. Association between helicobacter pylori infection and primary open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:374. [PMID: 37697285 PMCID: PMC10496366 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review and meta-analysis summarize the evidence for the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. METHODS Eligible studies reporting an association between H. pylori infection and Glaucoma were identified through an extensive search of the Excerpta Medica (EMBASE), Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases and an assessment of the reference list of the top articles until October 2022. Analysis was performed with random effects model using Stata 16. RESULT Twenty-four studies were included in the systematic review. This study involved 1602 glaucoma patients and 2800 control individuals. The combined RRs of cohort studies and overall combined ORs of case-control studies showed a significant correlation between H. pylori infection and Glaucoma. Subgroup analysis showed that glaucoma patients had a higher risk of having H. pylori infection if they were residents of Europe countries (Cohort: RR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.3-2.19) and (Case-Control: RR: 3.71; 95% CI: 2.07-6.64), if they had POAG type (Cohort: RR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.37-2.27) and (Case-Control: RR: 3.71; 95% CI: 2.934.70), if their diagnostic method of HP was histology (Cohort: RR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.26-3.01) and (Case-Control: RR: 4.06; 95% CI: 2.28-7.22), and if they were over 60 years old (Cohort: RR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.33-2.00) and (Case-Control: RR: 2.95; 95% CI: 2.27-3.83). DISCUSSION The results of this meta-analysis suggest a statistically significant association between Helicobacter pylori infection and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Ezzati Amini
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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9
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Park CH, Jung SY, Lee JW, Yang HJ, Kim JS, Kim BJ, Choi SI, Seo SI, Lee J, Kim JG. Developing Operational Definitions Related to Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e278. [PMID: 37667583 PMCID: PMC10477078 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of well-established operational definitions is a major limitation of Helicobacter pylori eradication studies that use secondary databases. We aimed to develop and validate operational definitions related to H. pylori eradication therapy. METHODS Operational definitions were developed by analyzing a nationwide H. pylori eradication registry and validated using real-world data from hospital medical records. The primary endpoint was the sensitivity of the operational definitions in identifying individuals who received H. pylori eradication therapy. The secondary endpoint was the sensitivity and specificity of the operational definition in identifying successful H. pylori eradication therapy. RESULTS H. pylori eradication therapy was defined as a prescription for one of the following combinations: 1) proton pump inhibitor (PPI) + amoxicillin + clarithromycin, 2) PPI + amoxicillin + metronidazole, 3) PPI + metronidazole + tetracycline, 4) PPI + amoxicillin + levofloxacin, 5) PPI + amoxicillin + moxifloxacin, or 6) PPI + amoxicillin + rifabutin. In the validation set, the sensitivity of the operational definition for identifying individuals who received H. pylori eradication therapy was 99.7% and 99.8% for the first- and second-line therapies, respectively. Operational definition to determine success or failure of the H. pylori eradication therapy was developed based on a confirmatory test and the prescription of rescue therapy. The sensitivity and specificity of the operational definition for predicting successful eradication were 97.6% and 91.4%, respectively, in first-line therapy and 98.6% and 54.8%, respectively, in second-line therapy. CONCLUSION We developed and validated operational definitions related to H. pylori eradication therapy. These definitions will help researchers perform various H. pylori eradication-related studies using secondary databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Hyuk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Korea
| | - Sun-Young Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Won Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Global Innovative Drugs, The Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Joon Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joon Sung Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo In Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung In Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joongyub Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Losurdo G, Francioso F, Pricci M, Girardi B, Russo F, Riezzo G, D'Attoma B, Bleve MA, Iannone A, Celiberto F, Ierardi E, DI Leo A. A prospective study on Helicobacter pylori rapid urease test false negativity: is it time for its use in restricted situations? Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2023; 69:382-387. [PMID: 35708038 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.22.03207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid urease test (RUT) is a diagnostic tool for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) diagnosis, based on the ability of the bacterium to produce urease. Despite it is considered simple, fast, and cheap, some conditions may cause false negativity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare RUT with currently recommended tests for H. pylori diagnosis. METHODS We enrolled consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy with histology, RUT, and urea breath test (UBT). Delta over baseline (DOB) >4% was considered positive for UBT. Diagnosis of infection was achieved when at least two tests were positive. The rate of false positivity of RUT was computed, and DOB value in RUT+ versus RUT- was compared by Mann-Whitney Test. RESULTS One hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with H. pylori infection were recruited. The male/female ratio was 35/81 and the mean age 45.2±13.1. Twenty-five patients (21.5%) were RUT-, despite being positive at both histology and UBT. On the other hand, in only two patients UBT and histology had discordant results. A full concordance of the three tests was observed in 89 patients (76.7%). DOB, additionally, was significantly higher in RUT+ patients (39.2±24.2%) than RUT- ones (26.3±18.5%; P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS RUT shows false negativity rate higher than 20%. Moreover, the RUT-negative patients showed a lower DOB at UBT, which is an indirect indicator of intragastric bacterial load. Therefore, it is presumable that H. pylori low amount may be a concurrent cause of false negativity. This study suggests that RUT-based H. pylori detection should be restricted to some specific conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Losurdo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy -
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy -
| | - Federica Francioso
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Russo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Saverio de Bellis, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riezzo
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Saverio de Bellis, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Benedetta D'Attoma
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Saverio de Bellis, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria A Bleve
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Iannone
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Celiberto
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Enzo Ierardi
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Alfredo DI Leo
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Sahoo OS, Mitra R, Bhattacharjee A, Kar S, Mukherjee O. Is Diabetes Mellitus a Predisposing Factor for Helicobacter pylori Infections? Curr Diab Rep 2023; 23:195-205. [PMID: 37213058 DOI: 10.1007/s11892-023-01511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to analyse the consistency of reports suggesting the role of Diabetes Mellitus in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). RECENT FINDINGS There have been numerous controversies citing the prevalence of H. pylori infections in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review investigates the possible crosstalk between H. pylori infections and T2DM and also designs a meta-analysis to quantify the association. Subgroup analyses have also been conducted to deduce factors like geography and testing techniques, in playing a role in stratification analysis. Based on a scientific literature survey and meta-analysis of databases from 1996 to 2022, a trend towards more frequent H. pylori infections in patients with diabetes mellitus was observed. The highly diversified nature of H. pylori infections across age, gender, and geographical regions requires large interventional studies to evaluate its long-term association with diabetes mellitus. Further possible linkage of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus concomitant with that of H. pylori infected patients has also been delineated in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Saswat Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, 713209
| | - Rhiti Mitra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, 713209
| | - Arghyadeep Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, 713209
- Department of Microbiology, Kingston College of Science, Beruanpukuria, Barasat, West Bengal, India, 700129
| | - Samarjit Kar
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, 713209
| | - Oindrilla Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, India, 713209.
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Doulberis M, Kountouras J, Stadler T, Meerwein C, Polyzos SA, Kulaksiz H, Chapman MH, Rogler G, Riva D, Linas I, Kavaliotis J, Kazakos E, Mouratidou M, Liatsos C, Papaefthymiou A. Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1581. [PMID: 37375083 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has definite or possible associations with multiple local and distant manifestations. H. pylori has been isolated from multiple sites throughout the body, including the nose. Clinical non-randomized studies with H. pylori report discrepant data regarding the association between H. pylori infection and nasal polyps. The aim of this first systematic review and meta-analysis was the assessment of the strength of the association between H. pylori infection and incidence of nasal polyps. METHODS We performed an electronic search in the three major medical databases, namely PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane, to extract and analyze data as per PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Out of 57 articles, 12 studies were graded as good quality for analysis. Male-to-female ratio was 2:1, and age ranged between 17-78 years. The cumulative pooled rate of H. pylori infection in the nasal polyp group was 32.3% (controls 17.8%). The comparison between the two groups revealed a more significant incidence of H. pylori infection among the nasal polyp group (OR 4.12), though with high heterogeneity I2 = 66%. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that in European studies, the prevalence of H. pylori infection among the nasal polyp group was significantly higher than in controls, yielding null heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis based on immunohistochemistry resulted in null heterogeneity with preserving a statistically significant difference in H. pylori infection prevalence between the groups. CONCLUSION The present study revealed a positive association between H. pylori infection and nasal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Doulberis
- Gastroklinik, Private Gastroenterological Practice, 8810 Horgen, Switzerland
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Jannis Kountouras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Thomas Stadler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Meerwein
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Hasan Kulaksiz
- Gastroklinik, Private Gastroenterological Practice, 8810 Horgen, Switzerland
| | - Michael H Chapman
- Pancreaticobiliary Medicine Unit, University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Riva
- Gastrocentro Plus, Private Gastroenterological Practice, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Linas
- Gastroenterologische Gruppenpraxis, Private Gastroenterological Practice, 3011 Bern, Switzerland
| | - John Kavaliotis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Evangelos Kazakos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Midwifery Department, University of West Macedonia, 50100 Kozani, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Maria Mouratidou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - Christos Liatsos
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, 11525 Athens, Attica, Greece
| | - Apostolis Papaefthymiou
- Pancreaticobiliary Medicine Unit, University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London NW1 2BU, UK
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13
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Gravina AG, Pellegrino R, Auletta S, Palladino G, Brandimarte G, D’Onofrio R, Arboretto G, Imperio G, Ventura A, Cipullo M, Romano M, Federico A. Hericium erinaceus, a medicinal fungus with a centuries-old history: Evidence in gastrointestinal diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:3048-3065. [PMID: 37346156 PMCID: PMC10280799 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i20.3048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus is an edible and medicinal mushroom commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. Several studies have highlighted its therapeutic potential for gastrointestinal disorders such as gastritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. In addition, some components of this mushroom appear to possess strong antineoplastic capabilities against gastric and colorectal cancer. This review aims to analyse all available evidence on the digestive therapeutic potential of this fungus as well as the possible underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Salvatore Auletta
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giovanna Palladino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giovanni Brandimarte
- Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Cristo Re Hospital, Rome 00167, Italy
| | - Rossella D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giusi Arboretto
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Imperio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Andrea Ventura
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Marina Cipullo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Marco Romano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples 80138, Italy
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14
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Setshedi M, Smith SI. Helicobacter pylori Infection: Antibiotic Resistance and Solutions for Effective Management in Africa. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:969. [PMID: 37370288 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12060969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is ubiquitous worldwide, with prevalence rates of greater than 70% in Africa. Symptomatic patients present with foregut gastrointestinal symptoms which can be readily diagnosed with standardized non-invasive or invasive tests. The biggest challenge, however, is in the management of this condition with rising antimicrobial resistance rates to most of the antibiotics recommended for therapy. This is a problem worldwide, but more specifically in Africa, where the socio-economic and political climate is such that eradication of this organism seems impossible. Furthermore, the recommended antimicrobial susceptibility testing for drug resistance is not widely available in Africa due to the lack of infrastructural as well as human resources. With the widespread unregulated use of antibiotics in some parts of Africa, the figures of antimicrobial resistance are likely to soar. In the face of these significant challenges, this 'perspectives' article aims to address the issue of antimicrobial resistance in Africa, by providing achievable and targeted goals to curb the spread of infection and rising antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashiko Setshedi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Stella I Smith
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos 100001, Nigeria
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15
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Li Q, Meng LB, Chen LJ, Shi X, Tu L, Zhou Q, Yu JL, Liao X, Zeng Y, Yuan QY. The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and intestinal microbiome dysregulation in Parkinson's disease. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1185375. [PMID: 37305758 PMCID: PMC10249504 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1185375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. Its main pathological feature is the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons related to the misfolding and aggregation of α-synuclein. The pathogenesis of PD has not yet been fully elucidated, and its occurrence and development process are closely related to the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Dysregulation of intestinal microbiota may promote the damage of the intestinal epithelial barrier, intestinal inflammation, and the upward diffusion of phosphorylated α-synuclein from the enteric nervous system (ENS) to the brain in susceptible individuals and further lead to gastrointestinal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration of the central nervous system (CNS) through the disordered microbiota-gut-brain axis. The present review aimed to summarize recent advancements in studies focusing on the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of PD, especially the mechanism of intestinal microbiome dysregulation, intestinal inflammation, and gastrointestinal dysfunction in PD. Maintaining or restoring homeostasis in the gut microenvironment by targeting the gut microbiome may provide future direction for the development of new biomarkers for early diagnosis of PD and therapeutic strategies to slow disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-bing Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-jun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Tu
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-long Yu
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao-ying Yuan
- Department of Nutrition, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), The First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Malfertheiner P, Camargo MC, El-Omar E, Liou JM, Peek R, Schulz C, Smith SI, Suerbaum S. Helicobacter pylori infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:19. [PMID: 37081005 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 130.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis, which can progress to severe gastroduodenal pathologies, including peptic ulcer, gastric cancer and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. H. pylori is usually transmitted in childhood and persists for life if untreated. The infection affects around half of the population in the world but prevalence varies according to location and sanitation standards. H. pylori has unique properties to colonize gastric epithelium in an acidic environment. The pathophysiology of H. pylori infection is dependent on complex bacterial virulence mechanisms and their interaction with the host immune system and environmental factors, resulting in distinct gastritis phenotypes that determine possible progression to different gastroduodenal pathologies. The causative role of H. pylori infection in gastric cancer development presents the opportunity for preventive screen-and-treat strategies. Invasive, endoscopy-based and non-invasive methods, including breath, stool and serological tests, are used in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Their use depends on the specific individual patient history and local availability. H. pylori treatment consists of a strong acid suppressant in various combinations with antibiotics and/or bismuth. The dramatic increase in resistance to key antibiotics used in H. pylori eradication demands antibiotic susceptibility testing, surveillance of resistance and antibiotic stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Malfertheiner
- Medical Department II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
- Medical Department Klinik of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Otto-von-Guericke Universität, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Emad El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Richard Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medical Department II, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZIF Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stella I Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Sebastian Suerbaum
- DZIF Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- National Reference Center for Helicobacter pylori, Munich, Germany
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Alhazmi AA, Alfaifi NA, Sultan MA, Alnami RA, Kenani NY, Hamzi SA, Abu Sharha SM, Dighriri IM. The Association of Smoking and Coffee Consumption With Occurrence of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Active Helicobacter pylori Infection in Jazan City: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e33574. [PMID: 36779087 PMCID: PMC9909123 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a severe infection responsible for upper gastrointestinal symptoms (UGISs). Several causes of H. pylori infection include food ingestion and person-to-person transmission. Many lifestyle variables can affect the occurrence of UGISs such as coffee consumption and smoking. OBJECTIVE To assess the association between smoking and coffee consumption and the occurrence of UGISs in patients with active H. pylori infection in Jazan city in Saudi Arabia. METHODOLOGY A descriptive cross-sectional research design was used to conduct the study between July 2022 and August 2022 in Jazan, southern Saudi Arabia. Male and female Saudis or non-Saudis ≥ 18 years of age with an active H. pylori infection were included. Participants under 18 years or without active H. pylori infection were excluded. Data were collected from participants using the convenience sampling technique and a structured questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire evaluated social and demographic factors such as age, sex, place of residence, nationality, and educational level; the second part evaluated smoking and coffee-drinking habits. Furthermore, frequencies and percentages represented categorical variables. A continuous variable was converted to a categorical variable. The relationship between different variables is tested using the Chi-square test. RESULT The total number of respondents who completed the questionnaire was 1225, with only 422 having H. pylori entries in this study. There were 290 (68.7%) men and only 132 (31.3%) women among them; the majority were young adults (18-20 years old). More than half of the participants (53%) never smoked, 23% were active smokers, and 23% were former smokers. Around 27.1% smoke five cigarettes a day and 12.6% smoke five to 15 cigarettes a day. Three-hundred (71.1%) of the participants drank coffee. 23.9% indicated that they did not drink coffee. Of those who take coffee, more than half (51.7%) take fewer than three cups daily and 25.6% take approximately three to five cups of coffee per day. Our findings indicate a link between coffee consumption and UGISs (p = 0.00), while smoking did not have a significant relationship with UGISs (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION Our research showed that drinking coffee was related to UGISs, but smoking was not found in people with active H. pylori infection. In smokers, UGISs increased substantially, but not significantly. We need real-world research to identify the association between coffee consumption and UGISs. In addition, we need to educate people at risk for UGISs to reduce coffee, smoking, and other risk factors.
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18
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Gatta L, Nyssen OP, Fiorini G, Saracino IM, Pavoni M, Romano M, Gravina AG, Granata L, Pellicano R, Gasbarrini A, Di Leo A, Losurdo G, Franceschi F, Nardone G, Rocco A, Dore MP, Farinati F, Ghisa M, Bellini M, Holton J, Puig I, Vaira D, Borghi C, Mégraud F, O'Morain C, Gisbert JP. Effectiveness of first and second-line empirical treatment in Italy: Results of the European registry on Helicobacter pylori management. United European Gastroenterol J 2022; 11:103-113. [PMID: 36565017 PMCID: PMC9892436 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The optimal management of naïve and not naïve Helicobacter pylori patients remains unclear. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate whether the actual clinical practice mirrors the indications suggested by the guidelines. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and the safety of the empirical first- and second-line treatments prescribed to patients enroled at Italian centres participating in the European Registry on H. pylori Management (Hp-EuReg). METHODS The Hp-EuReg is an international multicentre prospective non-interventional registry starting in 2013 aiming to evaluate the management of H. pylori infection by European gastroenterologists. Patients were registered in an e-CRF by AEG-REDCap. Variables assessed included demographics, previous eradication attempts, treatment regimen, effectiveness, and tolerance. RESULTS Overall, 3723 patients from 2013 to February 2021 were included: 2996 and 727 received an empirical first- and second-line treatment, respectively. According to the modified ITT analysis, among the first-line regimens, only the bismuth quadruple therapy with three-in-one-single capsule (BQT-TSC), the concomitant, and the sequential treatment - all lasting 10 days - achieved an eradication rate >90%. Among the second-line regimens, only the 10-day BQT-TSC reported an effectiveness >90%. High-dose PPI twice daily also significantly increased the effectiveness of some therapies. The BQT-TSC was the regimen with the highest incidence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Only quadruple therapies lasting at least 10 days achieved over 90% eradication rates among the empirical first- and second-line regimens. It remains unclear whether high-dose PPI twice daily can improve the efficacy of quadruple treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Gatta
- Gastroenterology UnitVersilia HospitalLido di CamaioreItaly
| | - Olga P. Nyssen
- Hospital Universitario de La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS‐Princesa)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)MadridSpain
| | - Giulia Fiorini
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesIRCCS S. OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Ilaria Maria Saracino
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesIRCCS S. OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Matteo Pavoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesIRCCS S. OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Marco Romano
- Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | | | - Lucia Granata
- Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | | | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Medicina Interna, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | - Alfredo Di Leo
- Section of GastroenterologyDepartment of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity “Aldo Moro” of BariBariItaly
| | - Giuseppe Losurdo
- Section of GastroenterologyDepartment of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity “Aldo Moro” of BariBariItaly
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Emergency MedicineFondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCSUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreRomeItaly
| | - Gerardo Nardone
- Gastroenterology UnitDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity Federico II of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Alba Rocco
- Gastroenterology UnitDepartment of Clinical Medicine and SurgeryUniversity Federico II of NaplesNaplesItaly
| | - Maria Pina Dore
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental ScienceUniversity of SassariSassariItaly
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Gastroenterology UnitDepartment of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity Hospital of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Matteo Ghisa
- Gastroenterology UnitDepartment of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity Hospital of PaduaPaduaItaly
| | - Massimo Bellini
- Gastrointestinal UnitDepartment of Translational Sciences and New Technologies in Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - John Holton
- Department Natural Sciences (Microbiology) University of MiddlesexLondon UK & Dartford & Gravesham NHS TrustDarent Valley HospitalDartfordKentUK
| | - Ignasi Puig
- Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa and Universitat de Vic‐Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVicUCC)ManresaSpain
| | - Dino Vaira
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesIRCCS S. OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesIRCCS S. OrsolaUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | | | | | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS‐Princesa)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)MadridSpain
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19
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Imoto I, Oka S, Katsurahara M, Nakamura M, Yasuma T, Akada J, D’Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Toda M, Horiki N, Gabazza EC, Yamaoka Y. Helicobacter pylori infection: is there circulating vacuolating cytotoxin A or cytotoxin-associated gene A protein? Gut Pathog 2022; 14:43. [PMID: 36463198 PMCID: PMC9719618 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-022-00519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection is a well-recognized cause of gastric diseases, including chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Vacuolating cytotoxin-A (VacA) and cytotoxin-associated gene A protein (CagA) play a role in the pathogenesis of H. pylori-related gastric diseases. Also, extragastric disorders are frequent morbid complications in patients with H. pylori infection. However, the direct pathologic implication of these virulence factors in extragastric manifestations remains unclear. Our hypothesis in the present study is that VacA and CagA released by H. pylori in the gastric mucosa leak into the systemic circulation, and therefore they can be measured in serum. RESULTS Sixty-two subjects were enrolled. They were allocated into the H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative groups. VacA and CagA were measured by immunoassays. The serum levels of VacA and CagA above an upper limit cut-off (mean plus two standard deviations of the mean in patients without H. pylori infection) were considered positive for antigen circulating level. Five out of 25 H. pylori-positive patients were positive for both serum VacA and serum CagA. The serum levels of VacA and CagA were significantly correlated with the serum levels of anti- H. pylori antibody and interleukin-12p70 among all H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that spill-over of VacA and CagA antigens in the systemic circulation may occur in some patients with H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Imoto
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie 514-0043 Japan
| | - Satoko Oka
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie 514-0043 Japan
| | - Masaki Katsurahara
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Misaki Nakamura
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Junko Akada
- grid.412334.30000 0001 0665 3553Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-Machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593 Japan
| | - Corina N. D’Alessandro-Gabazza
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Masaaki Toda
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Noriyuki Horiki
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Esteban C. Gabazza
- grid.412075.50000 0004 1769 2015Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie 514-8507 Japan
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- grid.412334.30000 0001 0665 3553Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-Machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593 Japan ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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20
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Nista EC, Pellegrino A, Giuli L, Candelli M, Schepis T, De Lucia SS, Ojetti V, Franceschi F, Gasbarrini A. Clinical Implications of Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic Resistance in Italy: A Review of the Literature. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101452. [PMID: 36290110 PMCID: PMC9598780 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) resistance to antibiotics has increased worldwide in recent decades, especially to clarithromycin. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) identified clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori as a "high priority" pathogen in 2017. As international guidelines recommend empirical therapy as first-line treatment, it is crucial to know local resistance rates and history of antibiotic use to determine the most appropriate first-line antibiotic treatment. Italy is one of the European countries with the highest prevalence of H. pylori infection and the highest percentage of antibiotic-resistant H. pylori. The aim of this review is to summarize all data on H. pylori antibiotic resistance in Italy in order to quantify the current rate and determine the most effective therapeutic approach. The study confirms an elevated level of resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin in Italy. In addition, our results show a satisfactory eradication rate for a bismuth-based regimen when used as first- or second-line treatment. Naive patients are also successfully treated with clarithromycin-based quadruple therapies. Considering the good results of bismuth-based therapy as recovery therapy, this argues for the potential use of clarithromycin quadruple therapy as a first-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Celestino Nista
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.C.N.); (A.G.); Tel.: +39-0630151 (E.C.N. & A.G.)
| | - Antonio Pellegrino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Giuli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological, and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Schepis
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Sofia De Lucia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological, and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesiological, and Reanimation Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.C.N.); (A.G.); Tel.: +39-0630151 (E.C.N. & A.G.)
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21
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Simanenkov VI, Alekseenko SA. [Prospects for personalized Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Pro et contra]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2022; 94:935-939. [PMID: 36286973 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.08.201787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The article is devoted to debatable aspects of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. The eradication cancer-preventive effects are considered. A negative comorbidity between H. pylori infection and such diseases as gastroesophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel disease and bronchial asthma has been described. The perspectives of populational, individualized and personalized strategies for H. pylori eradication therapy assessment are given. Recommendations for individualized H. pylori eradication strategy implementation in practical healthcare are proposed.
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22
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Yasuma T, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Fujimoto H, Kobayashi T, Imoto I, Gabazza EC. Is Helicobacter pylori infection inversely correlated with atopic, skin, and autoimmune diseases? Allergy 2022; 77:3165-3166. [PMID: 36169879 DOI: 10.1111/all.15306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Fujimoto
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kobayashi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Ichiro Imoto
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Tsu, Japan
| | - Esteban C Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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23
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Inamasu Y, Ogawa M, Saito M, Harada M, Fukuda K. Helicobacter pylori results in lysis and death after exposure to water. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12921. [PMID: 36089840 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori has a high infection rate, and it is possible that more than half of the world's population is infected. The route of transmission of H. pylori has not been completely elucidated yet. The coccoid form of H. pylori is generally considered to be in a VBNC (viable but nonculturable) state, and this form in the environment is thought to play an important role in infection and transmission, but its stability and survivability are still unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to promote its changing to coccoid form, the spiral form of H. pylori grown in a culture medium was exposed to sterile distilled water, and we investigated the bacterial cell number and the morphological changes by using fluorescence staining methods and electron microscopic observation. We also examined the dynamics of its growth ability by measuring the colony forming unit on an agar-plate medium. RESULTS After exposure to sterile distilled water, the H. pylori spiral form rapidly lost its growth ability at 37°C. One day after exposure, approximately 95% of the spiral form disappeared and the proportion of the coccoid form increased. The total number of bacteria also decreased to less than half and continued to decrease over time. Epi-microscopic and electron microscopic observations revealed that deformation of bacterial cells, collapse, and leaking out of cell contents were promoted in exposure to sterile distilled water. CONCLUSION Helicobacter pylori quickly begins to transform into the coccoid form after exposure to sterile distilled water, rapidly loses its growth ability, and then lyses and dies. Water-exposure is lethal for H. pylori and it is unlikely to survive in the VBNC state in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Inamasu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.,Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Midori Ogawa
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsumasa Saito
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Harada
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Fukuda
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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24
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Mărginean CD, Mărginean CO, Meliț LE. Helicobacter pylori-Related Extraintestinal Manifestations—Myth or Reality. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091352. [PMID: 36138661 PMCID: PMC9497822 DOI: 10.3390/children9091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can cause both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal manifestations. The latter one represents a major burden in terms of diagnosis and treatment. H. pylori-associated systemic subclinical inflammation is mostly responsible for the development of extraintestinal manifestations, and its early eradication might result in preventing all adverse events related to their occurrence. Thus, it was suggested that H. pylori might be associated with iron deficiency anemia, thrombocytopenia (immune thrombocytopenic purpura), Schonlein Henoch purpura, failure to thrive, vitamin B12 deficiency, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, cardiovascular diseases, as well as certain neurological conditions. Nevertheless, studies showed both pros and cons in terms of the role of H. pylori in the development of previously mentioned clinical entity underlining the crucial need for further studies on these topics. Although most of these extraintestinal manifestations occur during adulthood, we must not forget that H. pylori infection is acquired mainly during childhood, and thus its early diagnosis and eradication might represent the cornerstone in the prevention of H. pylori-induced inflammatory status and consequently of all related extraintestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dan Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, County Emergency Hospital Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 50, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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25
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Shatila M, Thomas AS. Current and Future Perspectives in the Diagnosis and Management of Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175086. [PMID: 36079015 PMCID: PMC9456682 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a prevalent organism infecting almost half the global population. It is a significant concern, given its associated risk of gastric cancer, which is the third leading cause of cancer death globally. Infection can be asymptomatic or present with dyspeptic symptoms. It may also present with alarm symptoms in the case of progression to cancer. Diagnosis can be achieved non-invasively (breath tests, stool studies, or serology) or invasively (rapid urease test, biopsy, or culture). Treatment involves acid suppression and regimens containing several antibiotics and is guided by resistance rates. Eradication is essential, as it lowers the risk of complications and progression to cancer. Follow-up after eradication is similarly important, as the risk of cancer progression remains. There have been many recent advances in both diagnosis and treatment of Hp. In particular, biosensors may be effective diagnostic tools, and nanotechnology, vaccines, and potassium-competitive acid blockers may prove effective in enhancing eradication rates.
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26
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Arismendi Sosa AC, Mariani ML, Vega AE, Penissi AB. Extra virgin olive oil inhibits Helicobacter pylori growth in vitro and the development of mice gastric mucosa lesions in vivo. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:961597. [PMID: 35992644 PMCID: PMC9389160 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.961597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is widespread worldwide, with more than a half of the world population infected. H. pylori antibiotic-resistant strains and non-compliance to therapy are the major causes of H. pylori eradication failure. The search for new therapies based on plant extracts is a scientific interest field. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect in vitro of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), hydroxytyrosol (HT), and oleuropein (Olp) against two H. pylori strains and the effect in vivo of the oral administration of EVOO on the gastric mucosa of BALB/c mice infected with this microorganism. The broth microdilution method assayed the antibacterial in vitro activity of EVOO, HT, and Olp against H. pylori strains. For in vivo studies, male BALB/c mice were infected orally with an H. pylori suspension every 72 h. Four groups were used: (1) Control, (2) H. pylori-infected (HP), (3) EVOO, and (4) HP + EVOO. Mice were sacrificed at 7, 15, and 30 days. The stomachs were removed and observed under a microscope. Scoring of the degree of erosion was determined. Samples were processed by histological techniques for light microscopy. Macroscopic analysis showed that the presence of small erosions increased, both in number and size, in the infected group. Animals infected and treated with EVOO exhibited the presence of fewer erosions, which decreased in number as the treatment progressed. The mucosa of the control and EVOO groups showed normal histological characteristics at the three times studied. The mucosa of animals infected with H. pylori showed disruptions of the lining epithelium, damage to gastric glands, and vasodilation. The mucosa of animals infected with H. pylori and treated with EVOO showed morphological characteristics similar to those of normal and EVOO mucosa. For the first time, the current study showed the effect in vitro and in vivo of EVOO and combined administration of HT and Olp against H. pylori using an animal model. Future studies are needed to establish the mechanism of EVOO’s action at the gastric mucosa level to propose this product as a natural antimicrobial agent for the treatment of gastric H. pylori infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Celeste Arismendi Sosa
- Área de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - María Laura Mariani
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología “Dr. Mario H. Burgos” (IHEM-CCT Mendoza-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alba Edith Vega
- Área de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Alicia Beatriz Penissi
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología “Dr. Mario H. Burgos” (IHEM-CCT Mendoza-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Alicia Beatriz Penissi,
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27
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Moon SG, Lim CH, Kang HJ, Choi A, Kim S, Oh JH. Seven Days of Bismuth-Based Quadruple Therapy Is as Effective for the First-Line Treatment of Clarithromycin-Resistant Confirmed Helicobacter pylori Infection as 14 Days of Bismuth-Based Quadruple Therapy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154440. [PMID: 35956057 PMCID: PMC9369116 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Point mutations in the 23S ribosomal RNA gene have been associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) clarithromycin resistance and bismuth-based quadruple therapy (BQT) is one of the options for the treatment of clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori. Current H. pylori treatment guidelines recommend BQT for 10–14 days. This study aims to compare the eradication extents according to 7-day and 14-day BQT treatment for treatment-naïve clarithromycin-resistant confirmed H. pylori infection. Methods: We retrospectively investigated treatment-naïve H. pylori infection cases from March 2019 to December 2020, where patients were treated with BQT. Clarithromycin resistance was identified with a dual-priming oligonucleotide-based multiplex polymerase chain reaction method. We reviewed a total of 126 cases. Fifty-three subjects were treated with a 7-day BQT regimen (7-day group), and 73 subjects were treated with a 14-day BQT regimen (14-day group). We evaluated the total eradication extent of the BQT and compared the eradication extents of the two study groups. Results: Total eradication extent of H. pylori was 83.3% (105/126). The eradication extents of the two groups were as follows: 7-day group (81.1% (43/53)), 14-day group (84.9% (62/73), p = 0.572) by intention-to-treat analysis; 7-day group (95.6% (43/45)), 14-day group (92.5% (62/67), p = 0.518) by per-protocol analysis. The moderate or severe adverse event extents during the eradication were 30.2% (16/53) in the 7-day group and 19.2% (14/73) in the 14-day group (p = 0.152). Conclusions: The 7-day BQT regimen was as effective as the 14-day BQT regimen in the eradication of treatment-naïve clarithromycin-resistant H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Gon Moon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (S.-G.M.); (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.O.)
| | - Chul-Hyun Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (S.-G.M.); (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2030-4316; Fax: +82-2-2030-4641
| | - Hee-Jun Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (S.-G.M.); (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.O.)
| | - Arum Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (A.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Sukil Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (A.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Jung-Hwan Oh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03312, Korea; (S.-G.M.); (H.-J.K.); (J.-H.O.)
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28
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Dharan M, Wozny D. Helicobacter pylori infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth–more than what meets the eye. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:7209-7214. [PMID: 36158005 PMCID: PMC9353905 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i21.7209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is very common and affects a significant proportion of the world population. In contrast, the prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in the general population is not well understood. There can be coexistence of both disease states in a given patient and their clinical symptoms may also overlap with one and another. There is no clear clinical guidelines for testing for and treating SIBO in patients with H. pylori infection. This review article explores the available evidence on the relationship between H. pylori infection and SIBO, diagnosis and treatment of these entities and also comments on associated non-gastrointestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Dharan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
| | - David Wozny
- Department of Primary Care and Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, United States
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29
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Izaldeen Sowaid Y, Omer M Ali K, Saad Abul Hussian S. Extra-Gastroduodenal Manifestation and Helicobacter pyloriInfection. ARCHIVES OF RAZI INSTITUTE 2022; 77:1017-1026. [PMID: 36618287 PMCID: PMC9759225 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.357387.2027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) which are known as Gram-negative bacteria tend to selectively colonize in the gastric epithelium. The infiltration of neutrophilic and mononuclear cells in the antrum and corpus mucosa is one of the consequences of acute and chronic gastritis colonization with H. pylori. This chronic active gastritis is the primary condition related to H. pylori colonization, and other H. pylori-associated disorders result from this chronic inflammatory process. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between H. pylori infection and extra-gastroduodenal manifestations, such as iron deficiency anemia, chronic spontaneous urticarial, diabetes mellitus, and celiac diseases with low ferritin levels. There were 235 subjects aged 3-75 years in the patient's group. The selected eligible patients were subjected to examination by non-invasive methods using stool antigen test and 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT). The H. pylori antigen rapid test cassette (feces) was used for the qualitative detection of H. pylori antigens in human feces specimens. In the present study, 183 (71.8%) patients demonstrated positive results for H. pylori which had been detected by stool antigen test, out of whom 106 (57.9%) and 77 (42.1%) cases were female and male, respectively. The recorded data pointed out that the rates of Iron deficiency anemia, diabetes mellitus, and celiac diseases were 92(50.3%), 62 (33.9%), and 25 (13.7%), respectively. The findings of the present study revealed that H. pylori is more prevalent in females. Moreover, the diagnostic potential of the 14C UBT method was higher and more accurate than the stool antigen assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Izaldeen Sowaid
- Northern Technical University, Kirkuk Technical Institute, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - K Omer M Ali
- Tikrit University, College of Medicine, Tikrit, Iraq
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Villalva M, Silvan JM, Guerrero-Hurtado E, Gutierrez-Docio A, Navarro del Hierro J, Alarcón-Cavero T, Prodanov M, Martin D, Martinez-Rodriguez AJ. Influence of In Vitro Gastric Digestion of Olive Leaf Extracts on Their Bioactive Properties against H. pylori. Foods 2022; 11:foods11131832. [PMID: 35804647 PMCID: PMC9265983 DOI: 10.3390/foods11131832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of in vitro gastric digestion of two olive leaf extracts (E1 and E2) on their chemical composition and bioactive properties against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), one of the most successful and prevalent human pathogens. HPLC-PAD/MS analysis and anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities of both olive leaf extracts were carried out before and after their in vitro gastric digestion. The results showed that gastric digestion produced modifications of the chemical composition and bioactive properties of both olive leaf extracts. The main compounds in the extract E1 were hydroxytyrosol and its glucoside derivatives (14,556 mg/100 g), presenting all the identified compounds a more polar character than those found in the E2 extract. E2 showed a higher concentration of less polar compounds than E1 extract, with oleuropein (21,419 mg/100 g) being the major component. Gastric digestion during the fasted state (pH 2) induced an overall decrease of the most identified compounds. In the extract E1, while the anti-inflammatory capacity showed only a slight decrease (9% of IL-8 production), the antioxidant properties suffered a drastic drop (23% of ROS inhibition), as well as the antibacterial capacity. However, in the extract E2, these changes caused an increase in the anti-inflammatory (19% of IL-8 production) and antioxidant activity (9% of ROS inhibition), which could be due to the hydrolysis of oleuropein and ligustroside into their main degradation products, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, but the antibacterial activity was reduced. Gastric digestion during fed state (pH 5) had less influence on the composition of the extracts, affecting in a lesser degree their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, although there was a decrease in the antibacterial activity in both extracts similar to that observed at pH 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Villalva
- Microbiology and Food Biocatalysis Group (MICROBIO), Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Jose Manuel Silvan
- Microbiology and Food Biocatalysis Group (MICROBIO), Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Esperanza Guerrero-Hurtado
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-H.); (A.G.-D.); (J.N.d.H.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Alba Gutierrez-Docio
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-H.); (A.G.-D.); (J.N.d.H.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Joaquín Navarro del Hierro
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-H.); (A.G.-D.); (J.N.d.H.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Teresa Alarcón-Cavero
- Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Sanitaria Princesa Research Institute, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marin Prodanov
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-H.); (A.G.-D.); (J.N.d.H.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Diana Martin
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolas Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-H.); (A.G.-D.); (J.N.d.H.); (M.P.); (D.M.)
| | - Adolfo J. Martinez-Rodriguez
- Microbiology and Food Biocatalysis Group (MICROBIO), Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9. Cantoblanco Campus, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; (M.V.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-001-7964
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Hu Y, Xu X, Ouyang YB, He C, Li NS, Xie C, Peng C, Zhu ZH, Shu X, Xie Y, Lu NH, Zhu Y. Altered Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids After Vonoprazan-Amoxicillin Dual Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:881968. [PMID: 35719338 PMCID: PMC9201212 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.881968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of vonoprazan (VPZ) and amoxicillin (VA therapy) has been shown to achieve acceptable eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Herein, our aim was to explore the short-term effect of VA therapy on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using human fecal samples. A total of 119 H. pylori-positive patients were randomized into low- or high-dose VA therapy (i.e., amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d. or t.i.d. and VPZ 20 mg b.i.d.) for 7 or 10 days. Thirteen H. pylori-negative patients served as controls. Fecal samples were collected from H. pylori-positive and H. pylori-negative patients. The gut microbiota and SCFAs were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, respectively. The gut microbiota in H. pylori-positive patients exhibited increased richness, diversity, and better evenness than matched patients. Fifty-three patients studied before and after H. pylori eradication were divided into low (L-VA) and high (H-VA) amoxicillin dose groups. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota among L-VA patients exhibited no differences at the three time points. However, among H-VA patients, diversity was decreased, and the microbial composition was altered immediately after H-VA eradication but was restored by the confirmation time point. The decreased abundance of Anaerostipes, Dialister, and Lachnospira induced by H-VA was associated with altered SCFA levels. VA dual therapy for H. pylori eradication has minimal negative effects on gut microbiota and SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yao-Bin Ouyang
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong He
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Nian-Shuang Li
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu Shu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yin Zhu, ; Nong-Hua Lu,
| | - Nong-Hua Lu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department Of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yin Zhu, ; Nong-Hua Lu,
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Leontiadis GI, Longstreth GF. Evolutionary Medicine Perspectives: Helicobacter pylori, Lactose Intolerance, and 3 Hypotheses for Functional and Inflammatory Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Disorders. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:721-728. [PMID: 35169106 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many clinicians have suboptimal knowledge of evolutionary medicine. This discipline integrates social and basic sciences, epidemiology, and clinical medicine, providing explanations, especially ultimate causes, for many conditions. Principles include genetic variation from population bottleneck and founder effects, evolutionary trade-offs, and coevolution. For example, host-microbe coevolution contributes to the inflammatory and carcinogenic variability of Helicobacter pylori. Antibiotic-resistant strains are evolving, but future therapy could target promutagenic proteins. Ancient humans practicing dairying achieved survival and reproduction advantages of postweaning lactase persistence and passed this trait to modern descendants, delegitimizing lactose intolerance as "disease" in people with lactase nonpersistence. Three evolutionary hypotheses are each relevant to multiple diseases: (i) the polyvagal hypothesis posits that prehistoric adaptation of autonomic nervous system reactions to stress is beneficial acutely but, when continued chronically, predisposes individuals to painful functional gastrointestinal disorders, in whom it may be a biomarker; (ii) the thrifty gene hypothesis proposes genetic adaptation to feast-famine cycles among Pleistocene migrants to America, which is mismatched with Indigenous Americans' current diet and physical activity, predisposing them to obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gallstones and their complications; and (iii) the hygiene hypothesis proposes alteration of the gut microbiome, with which humans have coevolved, in allergic and autoimmune disease pathogenesis; for example, association of microbiome-altering proton pump inhibitor use with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis, early-life gastrointestinal infection with celiac disease, and infant antibiotic use and an economically advanced environment with inflammatory bowel disease. Evolutionary perspectives broaden physicians' understanding of disease processes, improve care, and stimulate research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigorios I Leontiadis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - George F Longstreth
- Section of Gastroenterology, Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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Prevalence of H. pylori among asymptomatic HIV-positive and negative individuals in Central Ethiopia and efficacy of eradication therapy. IJID REGIONS 2022; 2:169-174. [PMID: 35757079 PMCID: PMC9216691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori was found to be highly prevalent in asymptomatic HIV-positive and negative patients. The success of H. pylori eradication was limited, especially in HIV-infected patients. There are possible high rates of antibiotic resistance and drug interactions in HIV patients.
Objectives Helicobacter pylori is a widespread pathogen and major contributor to dyspeptic disease and gastric cancer. Although the interaction between HIV and H. pylori infection is not well investigated, previous studies have suggested a decreased prevalence of H. pylori and limited efficacy of eradication therapy in HIV-positive individuals. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of H. pylori infection according to HIV status and analyze the efficacy of eradication therapy in Ethiopia. Methods A prospective, randomized, interventional study was performed involving HIV-positive and negative participants presenting to the Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital in Central Ethiopia between March and June 2017. A stool antigen test was used as a screening tool for H. pylori infection. Randomly selected patients received triple eradication therapy. Results The cumulative H. pylori prevalence was 77.3% (392/507): 78.8% (241/306) among HIV-positive individuals versus 75.1% (151/201) among HIV-negative individuals (P = 0.386). Twenty-five HIV-positive and 26 HIV-negative H. pylori-infected participants were randomized to receive standard triple therapy; three of them were lost to follow-up (one HIV-positive, two HIV-negative). The total eradication rate was 50.0%: 62.5% (15/24) among those HIV-negative versus 37.5% (9/24) among those HIV-positive [Au?1]. Conclusions A high prevalence of H. pylori was observed among HIV-positive and negative individuals in Central Ethiopia. The efficacy of eradication therapy was low, with a trend towards lower efficacy in HIV-infected individuals.
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Choi JM, Park HE, Han YM, Lee J, Lee H, Chung SJ, Lim SH, Yim JY, Chung GE. Non-alcoholic/Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Helicobacter pylori Additively Increase the Risk of Arterial Stiffness. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:844954. [PMID: 35280895 PMCID: PMC8914072 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.844954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection have a close association with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is characterized by metabolic dysfunction in NAFLD. We investigated the synergistic effects of NAFLD/MAFLD and Hp infection on the risk of arterial stiffness in an asymptomatic population.MethodsWe included individuals who underwent abdominal ultrasonography, anti-Hp IgG antibody evaluations and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) during health screening tests between January 2013 and December 2017. Arterial stiffness was defined using CAVI. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent and synergistic effects of NAFLD/MAFLD and Hp infection on the risk of arterial stiffness.ResultsAmong 3,195 subjects (mean age 54.7 years, 68.5% male), the prevalence of increased arterial stiffness was 36.4%. In the multivariate analysis, subjects with NAFLD but without Hp infection and those with both NAFLD and Hp infection had a significantly higher risk of increased arterial stiffness [odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15–2.26, and OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.63–3.06, respectively], than subjects without Hp infection and NAFLD. Regarding MAFLD, Hp infection additively increased the risk of arterial stiffness in subjects with MAFLD (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.64–2.78).ConclusionsAn interactive effect of Hp infection on the risk of arterial stiffness in individuals with NAFLD/MAFLD was observed. Hp infection additively increases the risk of arterial stiffness in subjects with NAFLD or MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Eun Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo Min Han
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heesun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seon Hee Lim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Yim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Goh Eun Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Goh Eun Chung
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Zamani M, Alizadeh-Tabari S, Zamani V, Shokri-Shirvani J, Derakhshan MH. Worldwide and Regional Efficacy Estimates of First-line Helicobacter pylori Treatments: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2022; 56:114-124. [PMID: 34855643 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is challenging. We aimed to determine the optimal first-line H. pylori treatments at global and regional levels. METHODS We searched Embase, PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, WHO ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.gov, and ISRCTN registry, for randomized controlled trials published during 2011-2020. Utilizing a network meta-analysis in a Bayesian framework, success rates of 23 regimens were compared. The effect size was standardized risk ratio (RR) with 95% credible interval (CrI). Pooled eradication rate (ER) with 95% CrI was also reported for top combinations. The reference regimen was 7-day clarithromycin-based triple therapy. RESULTS This review identified 121 trials comprising 34,759 participants. Globally, 14-day levofloxacin-based sequential therapy was the most efficient (RR: 1.43; 95% CrI, 1.26-1.59) with low certainty of evidence, followed by modified bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (proton pump inhibitor+bismuth compounds+clarithromycin+amoxicillin) for 10 days (RR: 1.35; 95% CrI, 1.22-1.48) and 14 days (RR: 1.27; 95% CrI, 1.12-1.42), and 14-day hybrid therapy (RR: 1.27; 95% CrI, 1.19-1.36). The corresponding ERs were 98.7% (95% CrI, 86.9-100.0), 93.2% (95% CrI, 84.2-100.0), 87.6% (95% CrI, 82.1-93.8), and 87.6% (95% CrI, 77.3-98.0), respectively. Continentally, the most effective combinations were: 10-day clarithromycin-based sequential therapy [(RR: 1.21; 95% CrI, 1.02-1.42), (ER: 89.5%, 95% CrI, 75.5-100.0)] for Africa, 14-day levofloxacin-based sequential therapy [(RR: 1.41; 95%CrI, 1.27-1.58), (ER: 98.7%, 95% CrI, 88.9-100.0)] for Asia, and 14-day clarithromycin-based triple therapy [(RR: 1.58; 95% CrI, 1.25-2.04), (ER: 94.8%; 95% CrI, 75.0-100.0)] for Europe. For Northern America, no sufficient data were found for network meta-analysis. In South America, none of the combinations were superior to the reference regimen. CONCLUSION Although results of this network meta-analysis revealed optimal combinations for empiric therapy, the treatment preference would be based on the local pattern of antibacterial resistance, when the necessary information exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zamani
- Student Research Committee
- Digestive Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Javad Shokri-Shirvani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol
| | - Mohammad H Derakhshan
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Wang XS, Xu XH, Jiang G, Ling YH, Ye TT, Zhao YW, Li K, Lei YT, Hu HQ, Chen MW, Wang H. Lack of Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Risk of Thyroid Nodule Types: A Multicenter Case-Control Studyin China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:766427. [PMID: 34970506 PMCID: PMC8713074 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.766427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is high worldwide, while numerous research has focused on unraveling the relationship between H. pylori infection and extragastric diseases. Although H. pylori infection has been associated with thyroid diseases, including thyroid nodule (TN), the relationship has mainly focused on potential physiological mechanisms and has not been validated by large population epidemiological investigations. Therefore, we thus designed a case-control study comprising participants who received regular health examination between 2017 and 2019. The cases and controls were diagnosed via ultrasound, while TN types were classified according to the guidelines of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS). Moreover, H. pylori infection was determined by C14 urea breath test, while its relationship with TN type risk and severity was analyzed using binary and ordinal logistic regression analyses. A total of 43,411 participants, including 13,036 TN patients and 30,375 controls, were finally recruited in the study. The crude odds ratio (OR) was 1.07 in Model 1 (95% CI = 1.03-1.14) without adjustment compared to the H. pylori non-infection group. However, it was negative in Model 2 (OR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.97-1.06) after being adjusted for gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure and in Model 3 (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.97-1.06) after being adjusted for total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein on the basis of Model 2. Control variables, including gender, age, BMI, and diastolic pressure, were significantly correlated with the risk of TN types. Additionally, ordinal logistic regression results revealed that H. pylori infection was positively correlated with malignant differentiation of TN (Model 1: OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02-1.11), while Model 2 and Model 3 showed negative results (Model 2: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.96-1.06; Model 3: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.96-1.05). In conclusion, H. pylori infection was not significantly associated with both TN type risk and severity of its malignant differentiation. These findings provide relevant insights for correcting possible misconceptions regarding TN type pathogenesis and will help guide optimization of therapeutic strategies for thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Song Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi-Hai Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Gang Jiang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Huan Ling
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tian-Tian Ye
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yun-Wu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Li
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Ting Lei
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua-Qing Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Wei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Han YM, Lee J, Choi JM, Kwak MS, Yang JI, Chung SJ, Yim JY, Chung GE. The association between Helicobacter pylori with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease assessed by controlled attenuation parameter and other metabolic factors. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260994. [PMID: 34898613 PMCID: PMC8668115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Existing studies have suggested an association between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the relationship between Hp infection and NAFLD using controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and other metabolic factors. Method We conducted a retrospective cohort study of apparently healthy individuals who underwent liver Fibroscan during health screening tests between January 2018 and December 2018. Diagnosis of Hp infection was based on a serum anti-Hp IgG antibody test and CAP values were used to diagnose NAFLD. Results Among the 1,784 subjects (mean age 55.3 years, 83.1% male), 708 (39.7%) subjects showed positive results of Hp serology. In the multivariate analysis, obesity (body mass index ≥25) (odds ratio [OR] 3.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.75–4.29), triglyceride (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.80–2.97), and the highest tertile of liver stiffness measurement (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.59–2.71) were found to be associated with NAFLD, defined by CAP ≥248 dB/m, while Hp-seropositivity showed no association with NAFLD. Serum levels of HDL cholesterol significantly decreased in subjects with Hp-seropositivity compared to HP-seronegativity in both groups with and without NAFLD (P<0.001). Conclusion While Hp seropositivity was not associated with CAP-defined NAFLD, serum HDL cholesterol level were negatively associated with Hp-seropositivity in both groups with and without NAFLD. Further clinical and experimental studies are necessary to determine the association between Hp infection and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Min Han
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Min Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kwak
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong In Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Yoon Yim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goh Eun Chung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Huang Q, Jia X, Chu Y, Zhang X, Ye H. Helicobacter pylori Infection in Geriatric Patients: Current Situation and Treatment Regimens. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:713908. [PMID: 34660627 PMCID: PMC8514670 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.713908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has so far infected more than half the global population. It is the most important and controllable risk factor for gastric cancer. The elderly, who are at a higher incidence of the infection, are also commonly found to develop antibiotic resistance. The symptoms, diagnosis, clinical features (of gastric or extra-digestive diseases), and treatment of H. pylori infection in the elderly, are different from that in the non-elderly. Health conditions, including comorbidities and combined medication have limited the use of regular therapies in elderly patients. However, they can still benefit from eradication therapy, thus preventing gastric mucosal lesions and gastric cancer. In addition, new approaches, such as dual therapy and complementary therapy, have the potential to treat older patients with H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Helicobacter pylori Infection and Extragastric Diseases-A Focus on the Central Nervous System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092191. [PMID: 34571840 PMCID: PMC8469861 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is most known to cause a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal impairments; however, an increasing number of studies indicates that H. pylori infection might be involved in numerous extragastric diseases such as neurological, dermatological, hematologic, ocular, cardiovascular, metabolic, hepatobiliary, or even allergic diseases. In this review, we focused on the nervous system and aimed to summarize the findings regarding H. pylori infection and its involvement in the induction/progression of neurological disorders. Neurological impairments induced by H. pylori infection are primarily due to impairments in the gut-brain axis (GBA) and to an altered gut microbiota facilitated by H. pylori colonization. Currently, regarding a potential relationship between Helicobacter infection and neurological disorders, most of the studies are mainly focused on H. pylori.
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40
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Smith SI, Ajayi A, Jolaiya T, Onyekwere C, Setshedi M, Schulz C, Otegbayo JA, Ndip R, Dieye Y, Alboraie M, Ally R, Gunturu R, Hyasinta J, Ugiagbe R, Ndububa D, Arigbabu A. Helicobacter pylori Infection in Africa: Update of the Current Situation and Challenges. Dig Dis 2021; 40:535-544. [PMID: 34380131 DOI: 10.1159/000518959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) in Africa remains high with varying levels of prevalence among children and adults reported in different regions of the continent. Persistent and uneradicated HPI could result in gastric cancer, although less severe pathological outcomes have been reported among Africans - the so-called "African enigma." SUMMARY Analysis of endoscopic findings of the upper gastrointestinal tract demonstrates similarities with that of patients from the West. Thus, it could be asserted that the true picture of HPI in Africa is yet to be unveiled due to several challenges including inadequate health-care system, lack of treatment guidelines and standardized protocol for diagnosis, and lack of data. This review explores the prevalence, diagnosis, treatment, and health-care system in Africa as it relates to HPI, thus providing an update and highlighting the need for an African HPI guideline. KEY MESSAGES There is high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) in Africa with an increasing burden of antibiotic resistance. Various methods including invasive and noninvasive methods are deployed in the diagnosis of HPI in Africa. There is a need for consensus on diagnosis and treatment of HPI in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Ifeanyi Smith
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Microbiology, Mountain Top University, Ogun, Nigeria
| | - Abraham Ajayi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Charles Onyekwere
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria
| | - Mashiko Setshedi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christian Schulz
- Department of Medicine 2, LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximillians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Roland Ndip
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Yakhya Dieye
- Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mohamed Alboraie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reidwaan Ally
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Revathi Gunturu
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jaka Hyasinta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Rose Ugiagbe
- Department of Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria
| | - Dennis Ndububa
- Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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41
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Homolak J, Nikolić M, Potoč D, Živković M, Bakula D, Budimir I, Pavić I, Hrabar D, Ljubičić N, Vražić D. The onset of ulcerative colitis upon Helicobacter pylori eradication in a 72-year-old woman: report of a rare case with a 3-year follow-up. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:303. [PMID: 34332529 PMCID: PMC8325205 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01876-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse association between H. pylori infection/exposure and inflammatory bowel disease prevalence/incidence, however, there are no reports of individual patients who developed a "non-transient" ulcerative colitis (UC) following H. pylori eradication. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of a 72-year-old female with an elderly-onset UC developed upon H. pylori eradication and a 3-year follow-up of the progression to steroid-dependent colitis complicated with enteropathic arthritis and final containment of the disease with golimumab. In our patient, H. pylori eradication was associated with the development of pancolitis that evolved into clinically, endoscopically, and pathohistologically confirmed UC. CONCLUSIONS The case of our patient provides a unique clinical context for a growing body of literature suggesting molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of genes, environment, and microbiota to be of critical importance in the etiopathogenesis of UC, and thus, provides a valuable set of complementary translational information for preclinical and epidemiological research on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Homolak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Nikolić
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia. .,University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - D Potoč
- University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Živković
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Bakula
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Budimir
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Pavić
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Hrabar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Ljubičić
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, University Hospital Centre "Sestre Milosrdnice", Vinogradska 29, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.,University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - D Vražić
- Department of Periodontology, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Second-Line Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacterpylori Infection: A 12-Year Study of Annual Eradication Rates. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10153273. [PMID: 34362057 PMCID: PMC8347213 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10153273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (BQT) consisting of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline is recommended as a second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection when PPI-based standard triple therapy (STT) consisting of a PPI, amoxicillin and clarithromycin is unsuccessful. The purpose of this study was to analyze the long-term results of BQT as a second-line therapy to determine its effectiveness. Methods: This study included 643 subjects who failed first-line STT and received 7 or 10–14 days of BQT as a second-line therapy. We retrospectively analyzed the annual H. pylori eradication rates, demographic factors and adverse events. Results: The overall eradication rates by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were 80.7% (519/643) and 93.3% (519/556), respectively. By PP analysis, the eradication rates for 2008–2011, 2012–2015, and 2016–2019 were 93.3%, 91.0%, and 96.4%, respectively (p = 0.145). There were no significant differences between the 7-day group and the 10–14-day group in both the ITT (79.7% vs. 86.0%, p = 0.148) and the PP analyses (92.7% vs. 96.6%, p = 0.187). A multivariate analysis showed that current smoking was associated with eradication failure. Eighty-nine subjects (16.0%) suffered adverse events, mainly gastrointestinal symptoms, but only six cases were severe. Conclusions: BQT as a second-line therapy is an effective treatment for H. pylori. Treatment for 10–14 days showed a higher eradication rate compared with a 7-day regimen, but not significantly.
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De Francesco V, Zullo A, Gatta L, Manta R, Pavoni M, Saracino IM, Fiorini G, Vaira D. Rescue Therapies for H. pylori Infection in Italy. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:525. [PMID: 34063624 PMCID: PMC8147614 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Curing Helicobacter pylori infection remains challenging for clinicians, as no proposed first-line therapy achieves bacterial eradication in all treated patients so that several patients need two or more consecutive treatments. Bacterial culture with antibiotics susceptibility testing is largely unachievable in Italy, and empiric second-line and rescue therapies are generally used. This study aimed to identify what eradication regimens perform better in Italy, following first-line therapy failure. Methods: We performed a literature search on PubMed for studies on standard therapy regimens used as second-line or rescue treatments performed in adult patients. Studies including modified drug combinations were not considered. Both intention-to-treat and per- protocol analyses were computed for each therapy subgroup. Results: Data from 35 studies with a total of 4830 patients were eventually considered. As a second-line therapy, Pylera® (90.6%) and a sequential regimen (89.8%) achieved eradication rates significantly higher than other therapies. For third-line therapy, a levofloxacin-based regimen and Pylera® achieved comparable eradication rates (88.2% vs. 84.7%; p = 0.2). Among therapies used as fourth (or more) attempts, Pylera® and a rifabutin-based therapy achieved 77.4% and 66.4% cure rates, respectively (p = 0.013). A therapy sequence based on the type of first-line therapy used was proposed. Conclusions: Data obtained through our review indicate that standard therapies for H. pylori eradication can be used when following an appropriate sequence, allowing clinicians to improve the cure rate without resorting to bacterial culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelo Zullo
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Nuovo Regina Margherita Hospital, 00153 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luigi Gatta
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Versilia Hospital, 55049 Lido di Camaiore, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Manta
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, ‘Generale’ Hospital, 06129 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Pavoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (I.M.S.); (G.F.); (D.V.)
| | - Ilaria Maria Saracino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (I.M.S.); (G.F.); (D.V.)
| | - Giulia Fiorini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (I.M.S.); (G.F.); (D.V.)
| | - Dino Vaira
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, S. Orsola Hospital, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (I.M.S.); (G.F.); (D.V.)
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Gravina AG, Priadko K, Granata L, Facchiano A, Scidà G, Cerbone R, Ciamarra P, Romano M. Single Capsule Bismuth Quadruple Therapy for Eradication of H. pylori Infection: A Real-Life Study. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:667584. [PMID: 33995097 PMCID: PMC8118713 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.667584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) or non-bismuth quadruple therapy (i.e., concomitant therapy) (CT) is the first-line regimens to eradicate H. pylori infection in areas with high prevalence of clarithromycin (CLA) resistance. Guidelines suggest that in areas of high prevalence of H. pylori strains with double resistance (i.e., CLA + metronidazole), BQT should be preferred to CT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BQT administered through the three-in-one pill (Pylera) formulation in a large series of H. pylori–infected patients, naive to treatment in a region with high CLA and dual resistance. Patients and methods: We treated 250 patients (148 F and 102 M, mean age 48.6 years) with H. pylori infection naïve to treatment. Patients received esomeprazole 40 mg bid and Pylera 3 tablets qid for 10 days. Diagnosis of H. pylori infection was through 13C urea breath test (13C UBT), or stool antigen test or histology, as appropriate. The evaluation of eradication was through 13C UBT at least 45 days after the end of therapy. Incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) was assessed through a questionnaire at the end of treatment. Compliance was considered good if at least 90% of medication had been taken. Statistical analysis was per intention-to-treat e per protocol (PP). 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: 1) 13 patients (5.2%) discontinued therapy due to side effects; 2) eradication rates in ITT and PP were 227/250 (90.8%; 95% CI 86.3–93.7%) and 226/237 (95.3%; 95% CI 91–99%), respectively; 3) the prevalence of TRAEs was 26.8%; and 4) adherence to treatment was good with compliance greater than 90%. Conclusion: In this real-life study, we demonstrate that in an area with a high prevalence of H. pylori strains with CLA or CLA + metronidazole resistance, BQT using Pylera is an effective therapeutic strategy with ITT eradication rates higher than 90%; this therapy is associated with good compliance and low incidence of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta G Gravina
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Kateryna Priadko
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Granata
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Facchiano
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Scidà
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Cerbone
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Ciamarra
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Romano
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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45
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Martin-Nuñez GM, Cornejo-Pareja I, Clemente-Postigo M, Tinahones FJ. Gut Microbiota: The Missing Link Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Metabolic Disorders? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:639856. [PMID: 34220702 PMCID: PMC8247771 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.639856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium that infects approximately 4.4 billion individuals worldwide. Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic, this bacterium colonizes the gastric mucosa causing the development of various clinical conditions as peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinomas and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, but complications are not limited to gastric ones. Extradigestive pathologies, including metabolic disturbances such as diabetes, obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, have also been associated with H. pylori infection. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting H. pylori with extragastric metabolic diseases needs to be clarified. Notably, the latest studies on the topic have confirmed that H. pylori infection modulates gut microbiota in humans. Damage in the gut bacterial community (dysbiosis) has been widely related to metabolic dysregulation by affecting adiposity, host energy balance, carbohydrate metabolism, and hormonal modulation, among others. Taking into account that Type 2 diabetic patients are more prone to be H. pylori positive, gut microbiota emerges as putative key factor responsible for this interaction. In this regard, the therapy of choice for H. pylori eradication, based on proton pump inhibitor combined with two or more antibiotics, also alters gut microbiota composition, but consequences on metabolic health of the patients has been scarcely explored. Recent studies from our group showed that, despite decreasing gut bacterial diversity, conventional H. pylori eradication therapy is related to positive changes in glucose and lipid profiles. The mechanistic insights explaining these effects should also be addressed in future research. This review will deal with the role of gut microbiota as the linking factor between H. pylori infection and metabolic diseases, and discussed the impact that gut bacterial modulation by H. pylori eradication treatment can also have in host's metabolism. For this purpose, new evidence from the latest human studies published in more recent years will be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracia M. Martin-Nuñez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cornejo-Pareja
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology. Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)-Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco J. Tinahones, ; Mercedes Clemente-Postigo,
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco J. Tinahones, ; Mercedes Clemente-Postigo,
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