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Endes A, Yones AM, Atmaca S, Tahir M, Kayim M. Resistance of Ascochyta rabiei isolates from chickpeas ( Cicer arietinum L.) to fungicides. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35795. [PMID: 39170508 PMCID: PMC11337017 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascochyta blight is a disease that causes significant yield losses in chickpea crops in Turkey under favorable environmental conditions. The fungal pathogen Ascochyta rabiei is the causative agent of this disease. The antifungal activity of previous fungicides against A. rabiei was not effective due to the heterothallic nature of the fungus. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of A. rabiei to fungicides (25.2 g kg-1 boscalid + 12.8 g kg-1 pyraclostrobin; 50 % tebuconazole + 25 % trifloxystrobin; 62.5 g L-1 propiconazole + 37.5 g L-1 azoxystrobin; 80 % thiram; 80 % kükürt (sulphur); 80 % mancozeb; 80 % maneb) under in vitro and field conditions. Pure cultures of A. rabiei were isolated from infected chickpea plants collected in Boğazlayan, Sarıkaya, Sorgun, Merkez and Yerköy. A total of 14 A. rabiei isolates and 4 references were evaluated. The field test was conducted at Yozgat Bozok University, Yerköy Agricultural Application and Research Center Station. The trials began on March 14, 2021. The experimental area was divided into plots and the susceptible chickpea variety Sarı98 was used for the study. Two artificial inoculations were carried out approximately on the 40th and 80th days after sowing. Twenty-four hours after inoculation, the chickpea plants were sprayed with the fungicides Nativo® WG 75, Bellis®, Dikotan® M45 and Thiovit Jet® using a handheld sprayer. In vitro testing revealed that A. rabiei was resistant to kükürt (sulphur), thiram, maneb, and mancozeb. A field study showed that the percentage of A. rabiei isolates treated with the mancozeb fungicide was between 14 and 21 % of the control. Therefore, effective disease management strategies should include not only the use of fungicides, but also alternative approaches such as the use of resistant varieties. Moreover, the study focused on phenotypic resistance and suggests that future research should investigate the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying A. rabiei resistance to enable better resistance management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Endes
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Amin Mohammed Yones
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Oda Bultum University, P.O. Box 226, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Sevim Atmaca
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Muhidin Tahir
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Oda Bultum University, P.O. Box 226, Chiro, Ethiopia
| | - Mukaddes Kayim
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Sarıçam, Adana, Turkey
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Lee R, Kim WB, Cho SY, Nho D, Park C, Yoo IY, Park YJ, Lee DG. Clinical Implementation of β-Tubulin Gene-Based Aspergillus Polymerase Chain Reaction for Enhanced Aspergillus Diagnosis in Patients with Hematologic Diseases: A Prospective Observational Study. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1192. [PMID: 38132792 PMCID: PMC10744750 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-tubulin (benA) gene is a promising target for the identification of Aspergillus species. Assessment of the clinical implementation and performance of benA gene-based Aspergillus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) remains warranted. In this study, we assessed the analytical performance of the BenA probe PCR in comparison with the Aspergenius kit. We prospectively collected bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid via diagnostic bronchoscopy from adult patients with hematologic diseases. BenA gene-based multiplex real-time PCR and sequential melting temperature analysis were performed to detect the azole resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus. In total, 76 BAL fluids in 75 patients suspicious of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) were collected. Before the application of PCR, the prevalence of proven and probable IPA was 32.9%. However, after implementing the benA gene-based PCR, 15.8% (12 out of 76) of potential IPA cases were reclassified as probable IPA. The analytical performance of the BenA probe PCR in BAL samples was comparable to that of the Aspergenius kit. The diagnostic performance was as follows: sensitivity, 52.0%; specificity, 64.7%; positive predictive value, 41.9%; negative predictive value, 73.3%; positive likelihood ratio, 1.473; and negative likelihood ratio, 0.741. Moreover, benA gene-based Aspergillus PCR discriminated all major sections of Aspergillus, including cryptic species such as Aspergillus tubingensis. Sequential melting temperature analysis successfully detected 2 isolates (15.4%) of A. fumigatus carrying resistant mutations. BenA gene-based Aspergillus PCR with melting temperature analysis enhances diagnostic accuracy and detects not only cryptic species but also resistant mutations of A. fumigatus. It shows promise for clinical applications in the diagnosis of IPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeseok Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (R.L.); (S.-Y.C.); (D.N.)
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (W.-B.K.); (C.P.)
| | - Won-Bok Kim
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (W.-B.K.); (C.P.)
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yeon Cho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (R.L.); (S.-Y.C.); (D.N.)
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (W.-B.K.); (C.P.)
| | - Dukhee Nho
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (R.L.); (S.-Y.C.); (D.N.)
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (W.-B.K.); (C.P.)
| | - Chulmin Park
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (W.-B.K.); (C.P.)
| | - In Young Yoo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (I.Y.Y.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Yeon-Joon Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (I.Y.Y.); (Y.-J.P.)
| | - Dong-Gun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (R.L.); (S.-Y.C.); (D.N.)
- Vaccine Bio Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea; (W.-B.K.); (C.P.)
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Cao G, Xiong Y, Qiu Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Nie F, Huo D, Hou C. Field-friendly and ultra-fast detection platform without nucleic acid extraction for virus detection. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1280:341865. [PMID: 37858555 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The polymeric chain reaction (PCR) has come under fire for being time-consuming, requiring expensive equipments, and requiring the extraction and purification of nucleic acids. Here, an ultra-fast and sensitive detection platform without nucleic acid extraction solved the above problems. Firstly, the RoomTemp Sample Lysis Kit released the nucleic acid in 3 min and removed the inhibition to facilitate the amplification reaction. What's more, ultra-fast PCR (UF-PCR) can complete 40 cycles in just 15 min and 50 s. To improve the sensitivity and provide more convenient reading modes, CRISPR/Cas12a was mediated to detect Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). The platform output fluorescence and Lateral flow dipstick (LFD) signals. The actual detection limit was 2 × 101 copies·μL-1. The portable platform realized visualization, excellent sensitivity and quick speed. In summary, the field-friendly testing platform had great potential in practical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihua Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Yifan Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Fuping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China.
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
| | - Changjun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception & Intelligent Information Processing, School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
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Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprotrophic fungus; its primary habitat is the soil. In its ecological niche, the fungus has learned how to adapt and proliferate in hostile environments. This capacity has helped the fungus to resist and survive against human host defenses and, further, to be responsible for one of the most devastating lung infections in terms of morbidity and mortality. In this review, we will provide (i) a description of the biological cycle of A. fumigatus; (ii) a historical perspective of the spectrum of aspergillus disease and the current epidemiological status of these infections; (iii) an analysis of the modes of immune response against Aspergillus in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients; (iv) an understanding of the pathways responsible for fungal virulence and their host molecular targets, with a specific focus on the cell wall; (v) the current status of the diagnosis of different clinical syndromes; and (vi) an overview of the available antifungal armamentarium and the therapeutic strategies in the clinical context. In addition, the emergence of new concepts, such as nutritional immunity and the integration and rewiring of multiple fungal metabolic activities occurring during lung invasion, has helped us to redefine the opportunistic pathogenesis of A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Latgé
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Chamilos
- School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Vallejo C, Fortún J. Strategies for the management of invasive fungal infections due to filamentous fungi in high-risk hemato-oncological patients. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2019; 32:31-39. [PMID: 30547501 PMCID: PMC6372970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, the introduction of new antifungals for the prevention of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in hemato- oncological patients, particularly extended-spectrum azoles, has led to a change in the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for established or suspected breakthrough IFI. The aim of the study was to identify the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies used in the management of IFIs in hemato-oncological patients in Spain, and to assess compliance with the recommendations of the consensus documents and clinical practice guidelines. METHODS An online, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and September 2016 involving 137 specialists from third-level hospitals in Spain with Departments of Hematology that regularly deal with IFIs. RESULTS Galactomannan test was available to 95.6% of specialists, and was used in 61.7% of the cases for diagnostic confirmation and early treatment. The (1 → 3) β-D-glucan test was only available to 10.2%. A total of 75.3% of the participants estimated the incidence of breakthrough IFI due to filamentous fungus as being 1-10%. In turn, 83.3% of the participants decided a change in antifungal class after failure of prophylaxis, in concordance with the recommendations of the national and international consensus documents. CONCLUSIONS The present study, the first of its kind conducted in Spain, shows that a high percentage of the medical professionals implicated in the management of hemato-oncological patients at high risk of suffering IFIs follow the recommendations of the national and international consensus documents and guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vallejo
- Carlos Vallejo, Hospital Donostia, Begiristain Doktorea Pasealekua, 109, 20014 Donostia, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
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