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Cruz JN, Muzammil S, Ashraf A, Ijaz MU, Siddique MH, Abbas R, Sadia M, Saba, Hayat S, Lima RR. A review on mycogenic metallic nanoparticles and their potential role as antioxidant, antibiofilm and quorum quenching agents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29500. [PMID: 38660254 PMCID: PMC11040063 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among biofilm forming pathogens aimed to search for the efficient and novel alternative strategies. Metallic nanoparticles have drawn a considerable attention because of their significant applications in various fields. Numerous methods are developed for the generation of these nanoparticles however, mycogenic (fungal-mediated) synthesis is attractive due to high yields, easier handling, eco-friendly and being energy efficient when compared with conventional physico-chemical methods. Moreover, mycogenic synthesis provides fungal derived biomolecules that coat the nanoparticles thus improving their stability. The process of mycogenic synthesis can be extracellular or intracellular depending on the fungal genera used and various factors such as temperature, pH, biomass concentration and cultivation time may influence the synthesis process. This review focuses on the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by using fungal mycelium, mechanism of synthesis, factors affecting the mycosynthesis and also describes their potential applications as antioxidants and antibiofilm agents. Moreover, the utilization of mycogenic nanoparticles as quorum quenching agent in hampering the bacterial cell-cell communication (quorum sensing) has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorddy N. Cruz
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110, PA, Brazil Brazil
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ashraf
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Rasti Abbas
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maimona Sadia
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saba
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Women University Multan, Mattital Campus, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Institute of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110, PA, Brazil Brazil
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Murali M, Gowtham HG, Shilpa N, Singh SB, Aiyaz M, Sayyed RZ, Shivamallu C, Achar RR, Silina E, Stupin V, Manturova N, Shati AA, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Kollur SP. Zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared through microbial mediated synthesis for therapeutic applications: a possible alternative for plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1227951. [PMID: 37744917 PMCID: PMC10516225 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized through biogenic methods have gained significant attention due to their unique properties and potential applications in various biological fields. Unlike chemical and physical approaches that may lead to environmental pollution, biogenic synthesis offers a greener alternative, minimizing hazardous environmental impacts. During biogenic synthesis, metabolites present in the biotic sources (like plants and microbes) serve as bio-reductants and bio-stabilizers. Among the biotic sources, microbes have emerged as a promising option for ZnO-NPs synthesis due to their numerous advantages, such as being environmentally friendly, non-toxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible. Various microbes like bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, and yeast can be employed to synthesize ZnO-NPs. The synthesis can occur either intracellularly, within the microbial cells, or extracellularly, using proteins, enzymes, and other biomolecules secreted by the microbes. The main key advantage of biogenic synthesis is manipulating the reaction conditions to optimize the preferred shape and size of the ZnO-NPs. This control over the synthesis process allows tailoring the NPs for specific applications in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, environmental remediation, and more. Some potential applications include drug delivery systems, antibacterial agents, bioimaging, biosensors, and nano-fertilizers for improved crop growth. While the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs through microbes offers numerous benefits, it is essential to assess their toxicological effects, a critical aspect that requires thorough investigation to ensure their safe use in various applications. Overall, the presented review highlights the mechanism of biogenic synthesis of ZnO-NPs using microbes and their exploration of potential applications while emphasizing the importance of studying their toxicological effects to ensure a viable and environmentally friendly green strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H. G. Gowtham
- Department of PG Studies in Biotechnology, Nrupathunga University, Bangalore, India
| | - N. Shilpa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - S. Brijesh Singh
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Mohammed Aiyaz
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science and STKV Sangh Commerce College, Shahada, India
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Myuru, India
| | - Raghu Ram Achar
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Ekaterina Silina
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Stupin
- Department of Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Manturova
- Department of Surgery, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University (RNRMU), Moscow, Russia
| | - Ali A. Shati
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Tomah AA, Zhang Z, Alamer ISA, Khattak AA, Ahmed T, Hu M, Wang D, Xu L, Li B, Wang Y. The Potential of Trichoderma-Mediated Nanotechnology Application in Sustainable Development Scopes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2475. [PMID: 37686983 PMCID: PMC10490099 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of industrial development has been well-documented. The use of physical and chemical methods in industrial development has negative consequences for the environment, raising concerns about the sustainability of this approach. There is a growing need for advanced technologies that are compatible with preserving the environment. The use of fungi products for nanoparticle (NP) synthesis is a promising approach that has the potential to meet this need. The genus Trichoderma is a non-pathogenic filamentous fungus with a high degree of genetic diversity. Different strains of this genus have a variety of important environmental, agricultural, and industrial applications. Species of Trichoderma can be used to synthesize metallic NPs using a biological method that is environmentally friendly, low cost, energy saving, and non-toxic. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of Trichoderma metabolism in the synthesis of metallic NPs. We discuss the different metabolic pathways involved in NP synthesis, as well as the role of metabolic metabolites in stabilizing NPs and promoting their synergistic effects. In addition, the future perspective of NPs synthesized by extracts of Trichoderma is discussed, as well as their potential applications in biomedicine, agriculture, and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Athafah Tomah
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Iman Sabah Abd Alamer
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Plant Protection, Agriculture Directorate, Al-Amarah 62001, Iraq
| | - Arif Ali Khattak
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Minjun Hu
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Fuyang District, Hangzhou 311400, China;
| | - Daoze Wang
- Hangzhou Rural Revitalization Service Center, Hangzhou 310020, China;
| | - Lihui Xu
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.A.A.); (A.A.K.); (T.A.); (B.L.)
| | - Yanli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (A.A.T.); (Z.Z.)
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Bihal R, Al-Khayri JM, Banu AN, Kudesia N, Ahmed FK, Sarkar R, Arora A, Abd-Elsalam KA. Entomopathogenic Fungi: An Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Sustainable Nanoparticles and Their Nanopesticide Properties. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1617. [PMID: 37375119 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The agricultural industry could undergo significant changes due to the revolutionary potential of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has a broad range of possible applications and advantages, including insect pest management using treatments based on nanoparticle insecticides. Conventional techniques, such as integrated pest management, are inadequate, and using chemical pesticides has negative consequences. As a result, nanotechnology would provide ecologically beneficial and effective alternatives for insect pest control. Considering the remarkable traits they exhibit, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are recognized as potential prospects in agriculture. Due to their efficiency and great biocompatibility, the utilization of biologically synthesized nanosilver in insect pest control has significantly increased nowadays. Silver nanoparticles have been produced using a wide range of microbes and plants, which is considered an environmentally friendly method. However, among all, entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have the most potential to be used in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with a variety of properties. Therefore, in this review, different ways to get rid of agricultural pests have been discussed, with a focus on the importance and growing popularity of biosynthesized nanosilver, especially silver nanoparticles made from fungi that kill insects. Finally, the review highlights the need for further studies so that the efficiency of bio-nanosilver could be tested for field application and the exact mode of action of silver nanoparticles against pests can be elucidated, which will eventually be a boon to the agricultural industry for putting a check on pest populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Bihal
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
| | - Jameel M Al-Khayri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Najitha Banu
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
| | - Natasha Kudesia
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
| | - Farah K Ahmed
- Biotechnology English Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Rudradeb Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
| | - Akshit Arora
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, India
| | - Kamel A Abd-Elsalam
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
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Islam MR, Chowdhury R, Roy AS, Islam MN, Mita MM, Bashar S, Saha P, Rahat RA, Hasan M, Akter MA, Alam MZ, Latif MA. Native Trichoderma Induced the Defense-Related Enzymes and Genes in Rice against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ( Xoo). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091864. [PMID: 37176922 PMCID: PMC10180545 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of Trichoderma is a form of biological control that has been effective in combating Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causative agent of the devastating disease known as bacterial blight of rice. In this present study, four strains of Trichoderma, viz., T. paraviridescens (BDISOF67), T. erinaceum (BDISOF91), T. asperellum (BDISOF08), and T. asperellum (BDISOF09), were collected from the rice rhizosphere and used to test their potentiality in reducing bacterial blight. The expression patterns of several core defense-related enzymes and genes related to SA and JA pathways were studied to explore the mechanism of induced resistance by those Trichoderma strains. The results primarily indicated that all Trichoderma were significantly efficient in reducing the lesion length of the leaf over rice check variety (IR24) through enhancing the expression of core defense-related enzymes, such as PAL, PPO, CAT, and POD activities by 4.27, 1.77, 3.53, and 1.57-fold, respectively, over control. Moreover, the results of qRT-PCR exhibited an upregulation of genes OsPR1, OsPR10, OsWRKY45, OsWRKY62, OsWRKY71, OsHI-LOX, and OsACS2 after 24 h of inoculation with all tested Trichoderma strains. However, in the case of RT-PCR, no major changes in OsPR1 and OsPR10 expression were observed in plants treated with different Trichoderma strains during different courses of time. Collectively, Trichoderma induced resistance in rice against X. oryzae pv. oryzae by triggering these core defense-related enzymes and genes associated with SA and JA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rashidul Islam
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Rabin Chowdhury
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Arpita Saha Roy
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nazmul Islam
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mamuna Mahjabin Mita
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Samrin Bashar
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Plabon Saha
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Ridwan Ahmed Rahat
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mehedi Hasan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Arjina Akter
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zahangir Alam
- Plant Bacteriology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdul Latif
- Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
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Alavi M, Ashengroph M. Mycosynthesis of AgNPs: mechanisms of nanoparticle formation and antimicrobial activities. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:355-363. [PMID: 36786717 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2179988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The inactivation and eradication of multidrug-resistant bacteria, fungi, and viruses by conventional antibiotics and drugs have not been effective. The hindering of these pathogens in hospital-acquired infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, particularly strains of S. aureus including community-acquired methicillin-resistant (CA-MRSA) and hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA), is more complicated, specifically in patients having immunodeficiency syndrome. RESEARCH AREA Bare and functionalized metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) specifically silver (Ag) NPs have shown significant antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Biosynthesis of AgNPs by fungal species in media of cell-free filtrate and culture supernatant can provide new therapeutic properties compared to physical and chemical methods. EXPERT OPINION Various primary and secondary metabolites of fungi such as phytochelatin, trichodin, primin, altersolanol A, periconicin A, brefeldin A, graphislactone A, phomol, polysaccharides (chitin, glucans, and galactomannans), and enzymes can contribute to reducing Ag+ ions and stabilizing NPs in one-pot method. These natural compounds can augment antimicrobial activity by bypassing multidrug-resistance barriers in viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Controlling physicochemical properties and effective therapeutic concentration of fungal AgNPs can be the determinative parameters for the antimicrobial strength of AgNPs. Therefore, in this review, we have tried to address the antimicrobial mechanisms and physicochemical properties of fungal synthesized AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Alavi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.,Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Morahem Ashengroph
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
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Ogunleye GE, Adebayo-Tayo BC, Oyinlola KA. Biological evaluation of extracellular mycosynthesized silver nanoparticles by Trichoderma asperellum. Biometals 2023; 36:97-109. [PMID: 36414828 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycosynthesis of silver nano-scale particles by fungi is an important aspect in nanotechnology due to its eco-friendly, safe, and cost-effective nature. It also provides protein-capped nanoparticles, which are very stable and have good dispersion. The Mycosynthesis of silver nano-scale particles (SNPs) by Trichoderma asperellum Filtrate (TAF) was evaluated. The characterizations of TAFSNPs were done by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and EDX. Biological evaluations such as antibacterial activity against some pathogens, in-vivo immuno-stimulatory, and antitumor potential and hematological parameters of SNPs of T. asperellum were investigated. Changes in color from yellow to brown indicate the formation of nanoparticles. TAFSNPs biosynthesis had a Surface Plasmon Resonance peak at 450 nm. The nanoparticles were spherical, with a size ranging from 0.7 to 10.0 nm. EDX analysis revealed a strong signal for the silver element. TAFSNPs had profound antagonistic activity against the test microorganism. B. subtilis, S. aureus, and Salmonella typhi were highly susceptible with inhibition zone of 24.3 mm, 21.8 mm, and 21.3 mm. TAFSNPs had significant immune-stimulation in the treated mice with an increase in IgA and IgM production, which ranged from 169 0.83d-269 0.56a mg/dl and 26 0.16d-69 0.27a mg/dl. TAFSNPs had CEA level reduction capability (3.62-4.05 ng/L). TAFSNPs had the highest amounts of PCV, Red blood cells, heamoglobin, and neutrophils (38%, 5.7 × 1012%, 14.09 g/dl, and 71%). Significant improvement was recorded on the lifespan of the TAFSNPs treated tumor-induced mice. Conclusively, TAFSNPs have good antimicrobial, immuno-stimulatory, and antitumor potential.
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Schmaltz S, Silva MA, Ninaus RG, Guedes JVC, Zabot GL, Tres MV, Mazutti MA. Biomolecules in modern and sustainable agriculture. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:70. [PMID: 36742447 PMCID: PMC9889597 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents scientific findings which indicate biomolecules are excellent candidates for the development of biopesticides. Efforts are being done to find routes to increase their concentrations in the cultivation media because this concentration facilitates applications, storage, and transportation. Some of these routes are co-fermentation and ultrasound-assisted fermentation. Ultrasonication increases metabolite production and growth rates by improvement of cell permeability and nutrient uptake rates through cell membranes. For example, 24% increase in the enzymatic activity of cellulases produced by Trichoderma reesei in solid-state fermentation was achieved with ultrasonication. Also, chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase productions were stimulated by ultrasound in Beauveria bassiana cultivation, presenting positive results. The common parameters evaluated in the production of biomolecules by ultrasound-assisted fermentation are the duty cycle, time of application, power, energetic density, and how long the sonication is maintained in the fermentation media. Many successful cases are reported and discussed, which include the final formulation of bioproducts for agricultural applications. In this trend, nanotechnology is a promising tool for the development of nanoformulations. Nanoemulsification, green synthesis, biosynthesis, or biogenic synthesis are technologies used to produce such nanoformulations, allowing the controlled release of control agents, as well as the delivery of biomolecules to specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Schmaltz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Silva
- São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, 400, Trabalhador São-Carlense Avenue, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - Renata Gulart Ninaus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Jerson Vanderlei Carus Guedes
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900 Brazil
| | - Giovani Leone Zabot
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira Do Sul, RS 96508-010 Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Tres
- Laboratory of Agroindustrial Processes Engineering (LAPE), Federal University of Santa Maria, 1040, Sete de Setembro St., Center DC, Cachoeira Do Sul, RS 96508-010 Brazil
| | - Marcio Antonio Mazutti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000, Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900 Brazil
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Trichoderma-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles and Their Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Activities. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020133. [PMID: 36836248 PMCID: PMC9960922 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health concern and one of the gravest challenges to humanity today. Antibiotic resistance has been acquired by certain bacterial strains. As a result, new antibacterial drugs are urgently required to combat resistant microorganisms. Species of Trichoderma are known to produce a wide range of enzymes and secondary metabolites that can be exploited for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In the present study, Trichoderma asperellum was isolated from rhizosphere soil and used for the biosynthesis of ZnO NPs. To examine the antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs against human pathogens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were used. The obtained antibacterial results show that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs were efficient antibacterial agents against the pathogens E. coli and S. aureus, with an inhibition zone of 3-9 mm. The ZnO NPs were also effective in the prevention of S. aureus biofilm formation and adherence. The current work shows that the MIC dosages of ZnO NPs (25, 50, and 75 μg/mL) have effective antibacterial activity and antibiofilm action against S. aureus. As a result, ZnO NPs can be used as a part of combination therapy for drug-resistant S. aureus infections, where biofilm development is critical for disease progression.
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Li Y, Zhang P, Li M, Shakoor N, Adeel M, Zhou P, Guo M, Jiang Y, Zhao W, Lou B, Rui Y. Application and mechanisms of metal-based nanoparticles in the control of bacterial and fungal crop diseases. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:21-36. [PMID: 36196678 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a young branch of the discipline generated by nanomaterials. Its development has greatly contributed to technological progress and product innovation in the field of agriculture. The antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to develop nanopesticides for plant protection. Plant diseases caused by bacterial and fungal infestations are the main types of crop diseases. Once infected, they will seriously threaten crop growth, reduce yield and quality, and affect food safety, posing a health risk to humans. We reviewed the application of metal-based nanoparticles in inhibiting plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and discuss the antibacterial mechanisms of metal-based nanoparticles from two aspects: the direct interaction between nanoparticles and pathogens, and the indirect effects of inducing plant resilience to disease. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mingshu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, China
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Manlin Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - BenZhen Lou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Yao X, Guo H, Zhang K, Zhao M, Ruan J, Chen J. Trichoderma and its role in biological control of plant fungal and nematode disease. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1160551. [PMID: 37206337 PMCID: PMC10189891 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1160551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma is mainly used to control soil-borne diseases as well as some leaf and panicle diseases of various plants. Trichoderma can not only prevent diseases but also promotes plant growth, improves nutrient utilization efficiency, enhances plant resistance, and improves agrochemical pollution environment. Trichoderma spp. also behaves as a safe, low-cost, effective, eco-friendly biocontrol agent for different crop species. In this study, we introduced the biological control mechanism of Trichoderma in plant fungal and nematode disease, including competition, antibiosis, antagonism, and mycoparasitism, as well as the mechanism of promoting plant growth and inducing plant systemic resistance between Trichoderma and plants, and expounded on the application and control effects of Trichoderma in the control of various plant fungal and nematode diseases. From an applicative point of view, establishing a diversified application technology for Trichoderma is an important development direction for its role in the sustainable development of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yao
- College of Agronomy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hailin Guo
- Science and Technology Innovation Development Center of Bijie City, Bijie, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyu Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingjun Ruan
- College of Agronomy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjun Ruan,
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Jie Chen,
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Mycosynthesis of Metal-Containing Nanoparticles-Synthesis by Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and Their Application. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010304. [PMID: 36613746 PMCID: PMC9820721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi contain species with a plethora of ways of adapting to life in nature. Consequently, they produce large amounts of diverse biomolecules that can be generated on a large scale and in an affordable manner. This makes fungi an attractive alternative for many biotechnological processes. Ascomycetes and basidiomycetes are the most commonly used fungi for synthesis of metal-containing nanoparticles (NPs). The advantages of NPs created by fungi include the use of non-toxic fungus-produced biochemicals, energy efficiency, ambient temperature, pressure conditions, and the ability to control and tune the crystallinity, shape, and size of the NPs. Furthermore, the presence of biomolecules might serve a dual function as agents in NP formation and also capping that can tailor the (bio)activity of subsequent NPs. This review summarizes and reviews the synthesis of different metal, metal oxide, metal sulfide, and other metal-based NPs mediated by reactive media derived from various species. The phyla ascomycetes and basidiomycetes are presented separately. Moreover, the practical application of NP mycosynthesis, particularly in the fields of biomedicine, catalysis, biosensing, mosquito control, and precision agriculture as nanofertilizers and nanopesticides, has been studied so far. Finally, an outlook is provided, and future recommendations are proposed with an emphasis on the areas where mycosynthesized NPs have greater potential than NPs synthesized using physicochemical approaches. A deeper investigation of the mechanisms of NP formation in fungi-based media is needed, as is a focus on the transfer of NP mycosynthesis from the laboratory to large-scale production and application.
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13
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Zhang YQ, Zhang S, Sun ML, Su HN, Li HY, Kun-Liu, Zhang YZ, Chen XL, Cao HY, Song XY. Antibacterial activity of peptaibols from Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2 against gram-negative Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight on rice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1034779. [PMID: 36304956 PMCID: PMC9595671 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight caused by Gram-negative pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most destructive bacterial diseases on rice. Due to the resistance, toxicity and environmental issues of chemical bactericides, new biological strategies are still in need. Although peptaibols produced by Trichoderma spp. can inhibit the growth of several Gram-positive bacteria and plant fungal pathogens, it still remains unclear whether peptaibols have anti-Xoo activity to control bacterial leaf blight on rice. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial effects of Trichokonins A (TKA), peptaibols produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum SMF2, against Xoo. The in vitro antibacterial activity analysis showed that the growth of Xoo was significantly inhibited by TKA, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 54 μg/mL and that the three TKs in TKA all had remarkable anti-Xoo activity. Further inhibitory mechanism analyses revealed that TKA treatments resulted in the damage of Xoo cell morphology and the release of intracellular substances, such as proteins and nucleic acids, from Xoo cells, suggesting the damage of the permeability of Xoo cell membrane by TKA. Pathogenicity analyses showed that the lesion length on rice leaf was significantly reduced by 82.2% when treated with 27 μg/mL TKA. This study represents the first report of the antibacterial activity of peptaibols against a Gram-negative bacterium. Thus, TKA can be of a promising agent in controlling bacterial leaf blight on rice.
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Cheema AI, Ahmed T, Abbas A, Noman M, Zubair M, Shahid M. Antimicrobial activity of the biologically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles against important rice pathogens. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1955-1967. [PMID: 36484030 PMCID: PMC9723035 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global rice production is seriously affected by many abiotic and biotic factors. Among the aggressive rice pathogens, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (X. o. pv. oryzae), Bipolaris oryzae (B. oryzae) and Sphaerulina oryzina (S. oryzina) cause bacterial leaf blight, brown leaf spot and narrow brown leaf spot diseases, respectively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as antimicrobial agent to control rice pathogens. This is the first report of antifungal activity evaluation of ZnO NPs against B. oryzae and S. oryzina. A pre-characterized bacterial strain Escherichia sp. SINT7 was bio-prospected for synthesis of green ZnO NPs. The NPs were confirmed by a characteristic peak measured at 360.96 nm through UV-Vis spectroscopy. Further, the NPs were characterized to elucidate the surface capping molecules, crystallite structure and morphology by various spectroscopic and imaging techniques, which confirmed the spherical shape of NPs with size ranging from 13.07 to 22.25 nm. In vitro studies against X. o. pv. oryzae pathogen depicted the substantial antibacterial activity (up to 25.7 mm inhibition zone at 20 μg/ml NPs concentration). Similarly, ZnO NPs reduced the mycelial growth of B. oryzae and S. oryzina up to 72.68 and 95.78%, respectively at 50 μg/ml concentration on potato dextrose agar plates, while the mycelial biomass reduction was found to be 64.66 and 68. 49% for B. oryzae and S. oryzina, respectively on potato dextrose broth media as compared to control without the addition of NPs. The green ZnO NPs also significantly reduced the fungal spore germination and a disintegration of fungal hyphae for both fungal strains was observed under the microscope as a result of NPs treatment. Hence, it was concluded that biologically synthesized ZnO NPs are potential antimicrobials and could be compared in greenhouse pathogenicity assays with commercial pesticides to control rice pathogens. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01251-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Iftikhar Cheema
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Ali Abbas
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
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15
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Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via endophyte Trichoderma viride and evaluation of their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:620. [PMID: 36100763 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The biogenic method for synthesis of nanoparticles is preferred over the traditional strategies, on account of its ease, environmental friendliness, and cost-effectivity, wherein fungi endorse themselves to be the most appropriate precursor for the same. In recent times numerous metal nanoparticles have been reported to exhibit significant therapeutic activities, out of which Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) stand apart on account of their multidimensional nature. Thus, this study was carried out with an aim to biosynthesize ZnO NPs utilizing endophyte Trichoderma viride, isolated from the seeds of Momordica charantia. The physicochemical characterization of NPs was done via employing a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The NPs were found to have a hexagonal shape and possessed an average particle size of around 63.3 nm. The antimicrobial activity of NPs was evaluated against multi-drug resistant organisms and it was observed to be an appreciable one whereas the antioxidant activity was deduced to be dose-dependent. Thus, these ZnO NPs can be considered as a probable active ingredient of any future therapeutic conceptualization after undertaking a thorough toxicological assessment.
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Exploiting the antibacterial mechanism of phenazine substances from Lysobacter antibioticus 13-6 against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola. J Microbiol 2022; 60:496-510. [PMID: 35362894 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial leaf streak caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting rice production worldwide. In this study, we extracted and purified phenazine substances from the secondary metabolites of Lysobacter antibioticus 13-6. The bacteriostatic mechanism of phenazine substances against Xoc was investigated through physiological response and transcriptomic analysis. Results showed that phenazine substances affects the cell membrane permeability of Xoc, which causes cell swelling and deformation, blockage of flagellum synthesis, and imbalance of intracellular environment. The changes in intracellular environment affect the physiological and metabolic functions of Xoc, which reduces the formation of pathogenic factors and pathogenicity. Through transcriptomic analysis, we found that among differentially expressed genes, the expression of 595 genes was induced significantly (275 up-regulated and 320 down-regulated). In addition, we observed that phenazine substances affects three main functions of Xoc, i.e., transmembrane transporter activity, DNA-mediated transposition, and structural molecular activity. Phenazine substances also inhibits the potassium ion transport system that reduces Xoc resistance and induces the phosphate ion transport system to maintain the stability of the internal environment. Finally, we conclude that phenazine substances could retard cell growth and reduce the pathogenicity of Xoc by affecting cell structure and physiological metabolism. Altogether, our study highlights latest insights into the antibacterial mechanism of phenazine substances against Xoc and provides basic guidance to manage the incidence of bacterial leaf streak of rice.
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Alghuthaymi MA, Abd-Elsalam KA, AboDalam HM, Ahmed FK, Ravichandran M, Kalia A, Rai M. Trichoderma: An Eco-Friendly Source of Nanomaterials for Sustainable Agroecosystems. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8040367. [PMID: 35448598 PMCID: PMC9027617 DOI: 10.3390/jof8040367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional nanoparticle (NP) synthesis methods are expensive and generate hazardous products. It is essential to limit the risk of toxicity in the environment from the chemicals as high temperature and pressure is employed in chemical and physical procedures. One of the green strategies used for sustainable manufacturing is microbial nanoparticle synthesis, which connects microbiology with nanotechnology. Employing biocontrol agents Trichoderma and Hypocrea (Teleomorphs), an ecofriendly and rapid technique of nanoparticle biosynthesis has been reported in several studies which may potentially overcome the constraints of the chemical and physical methods of nanoparticle biosynthesis. The emphasis of this review is on the mycosynthesis of several metal nanoparticles from Trichoderma species for use in agri-food applications. The fungal-cell or cell-extract-derived NPs (mycogenic NPs) can be applied as nanofertilizers, nanofungicides, plant growth stimulators, nano-coatings, and so on. Further, Trichoderma-mediated NPs have also been utilized in environmental remediation approaches such as pollutant removal and the detection of pollutants, including heavy metals contaminants. The plausible benefits and pitfalls associated with the development of useful products and approaches to trichogenic NPs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa A. Alghuthaymi
- Biology Department, Science and Humanities College, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11726, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), 9-Gamaa St., Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Hussien M. AboDalam
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Farah K. Ahmed
- Biotechnology English Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Mythili Ravichandran
- Department of Microbiology, Vivekanandha Arts and Science College for Women, Sankari 637303, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
| | - Mahendra Rai
- Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87100 Torun, Poland;
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Silva S, Dias MC, Silva AMS. Titanium and Zinc Based Nanomaterials in Agriculture: A Promising Approach to Deal with (A)biotic Stresses? TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040172. [PMID: 35448432 PMCID: PMC9033035 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as those induced by climatic factors or contaminants, and biotic stresses prompted by phytopathogens and pests inflict tremendous losses in agriculture and are major threats to worldwide food security. In addition, climate changes will exacerbate these factors as well as their negative impact on crops. Drought, salinity, heavy metals, pesticides, and drugs are major environmental problems that need deep attention, and effective and sustainable strategies to mitigate their effects on the environment need to be developed. Besides, sustainable solutions for agrocontrol must be developed as alternatives to conventional agrochemicals. In this sense, nanotechnology offers promising solutions to mitigate environmental stress effects on plants, increasing plant tolerance to the stressor, for the remediation of environmental contaminants, and to protect plants against pathogens. In this review, nano-sized TiO2 (nTiO2) and ZnO (nZnO) are scrutinized, and their potential to ameliorate drought, salinity, and xenobiotics effects in plants are emphasized, in addition to their antimicrobial potential for plant disease management. Understanding the level of stress alleviation in plants by these nanomaterials (NM) and relating them with the application conditions/methods is imperative to define the most sustainable and effective approaches to be adopted. Although broad-spectrum reviews exist, this article provides focused information on nTiO2 and nZnO for improving our understanding of the ameliorative potential that these NM show, addressing the gaps in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Silva
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-234-370-766
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
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Shah S, Tsuneyoshi H, Ichitani K, Taura S. QTL Analysis Revealed One Major Genetic Factor Inhibiting Lesion Elongation by Bacterial Blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) from a japonica Cultivar Koshihikari in Rice. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070867. [PMID: 35406847 PMCID: PMC9003242 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is a pathogen that has ravaged the rice industry as the causal agent of bacterial blight (BB) diseases in rice. Koshihikari (KO), an elite japonica cultivar, and ARC7013 (AR), an indica cultivar, are both susceptible to Xoo. Their phenotypic characteristics reveal that KO has shorter lesion length than that of AR. The F2 population from KO × AR results in continuous distribution of lesion length by inoculation of an Xoo race (T7147). Consequently, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping of the F2 population is conducted, covering 12 chromosomes with 107 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and insertion/deletion (InDel) genetic markers. Three QTLs are identified on chromosomes 2, 5, and 10. Of them, qXAR5 has the strongest resistance variance effect of 20.5%, whereas qXAR2 and qXAR10 have minor QTL effects on resistance variance, with 3.9% and 2.3%, respectively, for a total resistance variance of 26.7%. The QTLs we examine for this study differ from the loci of BB resistance genes from earlier studies. Our results can help to facilitate understanding of genetic and morphological fundamentals for use in rice breeding programs that are more durable against evolving Xoo pathogens and uncertain climatic temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameel Shah
- Graduate School of Agriculture Science Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.S.); (K.I.)
| | - Hiroaki Tsuneyoshi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;
| | - Katsuyuki Ichitani
- Graduate School of Agriculture Science Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.S.); (K.I.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan;
- The United Graduate School of Agriculture Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Satoru Taura
- Graduate School of Agriculture Science Forestry and Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan; (S.S.); (K.I.)
- Division of Gene Research, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-0992853590
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Comparison of the Antagonistic Potential of the Entomopathogenic Bacterium Serratia nematodiphila GCSR38 with other Effective Microorganisms for the Control of Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.1.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of antagonistic microorganisms and secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic bacteria was evaluated in vitro and in vivo against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), a causal agent of rice bacterial leaf blight. The effect of the culture filtrates of the microorganisms was tested against Xoo, using the agar well diffusion assay. Trichoderma sp. UB05/3 was the most effective against Xoo. However, the results were not statistically different from those of the entomopathogenic bacterium Serratia nematodiphila GCSR38 with a 22.97 mm and 19.15 mm zone of inhibition, respectively. The effect of the secondary metabolite crude extracts of antagonistic microorganisms (2,000 µg/ml) on Xoo inhibition was tested by the paper disc diffusion method. Only S. nematodiphila GCSR38 was able to control Xoo, with an inhibition zone of 17.60 mm. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a 96-well microtiter plate. The MIC of secondary metabolites crude extracts of S. nematodiphila GCSR38 was 1,000 µg/ml and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was 1,000 µg/ml. The efficacy of the secondary metabolite crude extract of S. nematodiphila GCSR38 against Xoo was tested using the detached leaf technique; the secondary metabolite crude extracts controlled the disease, with 24.45% and 15.56% disease severity when used before and after inoculation with Xoo, respectively. Inoculation with Xoo alone resulted in a disease severity of 44.45%. The secondary metabolite crude extracts of S. nematodiphila GCSR38 can reduce disease severity of bacterial leaf blight in rice by 28.89%, whereas zinc thiazole causes a disease severity of 22.22% and Xoo alone causes a disease severity of 66.67%.
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21
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Biosynthesis of Metal-Based Nanoparticles by Trichoderma and Its Potential Applications. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91650-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Ramírez-Valdespino CA, Orrantia-Borunda E. Trichoderma and Nanotechnology in Sustainable Agriculture: A Review. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:764675. [PMID: 37744133 PMCID: PMC10512408 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.764675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique properties and functionalities, nanomaterials can be found in different activities as pharmaceutics, cosmetics, medicine, and agriculture, among others. Nowadays, formulations with nano compounds exist to reduce the application of conventional pesticides and fertilizers. Among the most used are nanoparticles (NPs) of copper, zinc, or silver, which are known because of their cytotoxicity, and their accumulation can change the dynamic of microbes present in the soil. In agriculture, Trichoderma is widely utilized as a safe biocontrol strategy and to promote plant yield, making it susceptible to be in contact with nanomaterials that can interfere with its viability as well as its biocontrol and plant growth promotion effects. It is well-known that strains of Trichoderma can tolerate and uptake heavy metals in their bulk form, but it is poorly understood whether the same occurs with nanomaterials. Interestingly, Trichoderma can synthesize NPs that exhibit antimicrobial activities against various organisms of interest, including plant pathogens. In this study, we summarize the main findings regarding Trichoderma and nanotechnology, including its use to synthesize NPs and the consequence that these compounds might have in this fungus and its associations. Moreover, based on these findings we discuss whether it is feasible to develop agrochemicals that combine NPs and Trichoderma strains to generate more sustainable products or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A. Ramírez-Valdespino
- Laboratorio de Nanotoxicología, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua, Mexico
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Trichoderma harzianum-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles: A Green Tool for Controlling Soil-Borne Pathogens in Cotton. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7110952. [PMID: 34829239 PMCID: PMC8619580 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
ZnO-based nanomaterials have high antifungal effects, such as inhibition of growth and reproduction of some pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Therefore, we report the extracellular synthesis of ZnONPs using a potential fungal antagonist (Trichoderma harzianum). ZnONPs were then characterized for their size, shape, charge and composition by visual analysis, UV–visible spectrometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The TEM test confirmed that the size of the produced ZnONPs was 8–23 nm. The green synthesized ZnONPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies to reveal the functional group attributed to the formation of ZnONPs. For the first time, trichogenic ZnONPs were shown to have fungicidal action against three soil–cotton pathogenic fungi in the laboratory and greenhouse. An antifungal examination was used to evaluate the bioactivity of the mycogenic ZnONPs in addition to two chemical fungicides (Moncut and Maxim XL) against three soil-borne pathogens, including Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. The findings of this study show a novel fungicidal activity in in vitro assay for complete inhibition of fungal growth of tested plant pathogenic fungi, as well as a considerable reduction in cotton seedling disease symptoms under greenhouse conditions. The formulation of a trichogenic ZnONPs form was found to increase its antifungal effect significantly. Finally, the utilization of biocontrol agents, such as T. harzianum, could be a safe strategy for the synthesis of a medium-scale of ZnONPs and employ it for fungal disease control in cotton.
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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by filamentous algae extract: comprehensive evaluation of antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects against nosocomial pathogens. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Butea monosperma seed extract mediated biosynthesis of ZnO NPs and their antibacterial, antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing potentialities. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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26
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Green synthesis, antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antitumor activities of superparamagnetic γ-Fe 2O 3 NPs and their molecular docking study with cell wall mannoproteins and peptidoglycan. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 171:44-58. [PMID: 33373634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids-assisted superparamagnetic maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) NPs was biologically synthesized using extract of polyherbal drug Liv52 (L52E). The NPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD and VSM. The major biological molecules present in L52E analysed by GC-MS were saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid 21.95%; stearic acid 13.99%; myristic acid 1.14%), monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid 18.43%), polyunsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid 20.45%), and aromatic phenol (cardanol monoene 11.92%) that could imply in bio-fabrication and stabilization of γ-Fe2O3 NPs. The FT-IR spectra revealed involvement of carboxylic group of fatty acids, amide group of proteins and hydroxyl group of phenolic compounds that acts as reducing and capping agents. The synthesized NPs were used to investigate their antimicrobial, antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa, MRSA and C. albicans and anticancer activity on colon cancer cells (HCT-116) for biomedical applications. Further, molecular docking study was performed to explore the interaction of Fe2O3 NPs with major cell wall components i.e., peptidoglycan and mannoproteins. The docking studies revealed that Fe2O3 interacted efficiently with peptidoglycan and mannoproteins and Fe2O3 get accommodated into catalytic cleft of mannoprotein. Due to magnetic property, the biological activity of γ-Fe2O3 can be further enhanced by applying external magnetic field alone or in amalgamation with other therapeutics drugs.
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