1
|
Krupińska AM, Bogucki Z. Lactoferrin as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:308-313. [PMID: 38777122 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of prostheses in the oral cavity creates favorable conditions for Candida colonization, which may subsequently lead to Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS). Due to its many contributing factors and frequent relapses, CADS is difficult to manage. Given the rise in drug resistance among fungal species, it is critical to develop new therapeutic approaches, reduce the required dosage of medications, and minimize the toxicity and side effects of therapy. HIGHLIGHT Salivary lactoferrin, a multifunctional glycoprotein, is thought to be the first line of defense against microbial invasion of mucosal surfaces. CONCLUSION Current research emphasizes the capability of lactoferrin and its derivatives to eliminate a broad spectrum of Candida species. It may be an appealing option for use in monotherapy or in combination with common medications for oral stomatitis treatment. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of lactoferrin's anti-fungal effects in oral candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zdzisław Bogucki
- Department and Division of Dental Prosthetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wyb. Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Souza T, Mello E, Taveira G, Moreira F, Seabra S, Carvalho A, Gomes V. Synergistic action of synthetic peptides and amphotericin B causes disruption of the plasma membrane and cell wall in Candida albicans. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20232075. [PMID: 38563086 PMCID: PMC11016531 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20232075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the combination of synthetic peptides based on the γ-core motif of defensin PvD1 with amphotericin B (AmB) at different concentrations against Candida albicans. We applied the checkerboard assay using different concentrations of the commercial drug AmB and the synthetic peptides γ31-45PvD1++ and γ33-41PvD1++ against C. albicans, aiming to find combinations with synergistic interactions. Between these two interactions involving γ31-45PvD1++ and AmB, an additive effect was observed. One such interaction occurred at concentrations of 0.009 µM of peptide γ31-45PvD1++ and 13.23 µM of AmB and another condition of 0.019 µM of peptide γ31-45PvD1++ and 6.61 µM of AmB. The other two concentrations of the interaction showed a synergistic effect in the combination of synthetic peptide γ31-45PvD1++ and AmB, where the concentrations were 1.40 µM peptide γ31-45PvD1++ and 0.004 µM AmB and 0.70 µM γ31-45PvD1++ peptide and 0.002 µM AmB. We proceeded with analysis of the mechanism of action involving synergistic effects. This examination unveiled a range of impactful outcomes, including the impairment of mitochondrial functionality, compromise of cell wall integrity, DNA degradation, and a consequential decline in cell viability. We also observed that both synergistic combinations were capable of causing damage to the plasma membrane and cell wall, causing leakage of intracellular components. This discovery demonstrates for the first time that the synergistic combinations found between the synthetic peptide γ31-45PvD1++ and AmB have an antifungal effect against C. albicans, acting on the integrity of the plasma membrane and cell wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thayna A.M. Souza
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Erica O. Mello
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel B. Taveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Felipe F. Moreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sergio Henrique Seabra
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - André O. Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valdirene M. Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lucas DR, Damica FZ, Toledo EB, Cogo AJD, Okorokova-Façanha AL, Gomes VM, de Oliveira Carvalho A. Bioinspired peptides induce different cell death mechanisms against opportunistic yeasts. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:649-672. [PMID: 37076595 PMCID: PMC10115610 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The management of fungal diseases imposes an urgent need for the development of effective antifungal drugs. Among new drug candidates are the antimicrobial peptides, and especially their derivatives. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of action of three bioinspired peptides against the opportunistic yeasts Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans. We assessed morphological changes, mitochondrial functionality, chromatin condensation, ROS production, activation of metacaspases, and the occurrence of cell death. Our results indicated that the peptides induced sharply contrasting death kinetics, of 6 h for RR and 3 h for D-RR to C. tropicalis and 1 h for WR to C. albicans. Both peptide-treated yeasts exhibited increased ROS levels, mitochondrial hyperpolarization, cell size reduction, and chromatin condensation. RR and WR induced necrosis in C. tropicalis and C. albicans, but not D-RR in C. tropicalis. The antioxidant ascorbic acid reverted the toxic effect of RR and D-RR, but not WR, suggesting that instead of ROS there is a second signal triggered that leads to yeast death. Our data suggest that RR induced a regulated accidental cell death in C. tropicalis, D-RR induced a programmed cell death metacaspase-independent in C. tropicalis, while WR induced an accidental cell death in C. albicans. Our results were obtained with the LD100 and within the time that the peptides induce the yeast death. Within this temporal frame, our results allow us to gain clarity on the events triggered by the peptide-cell interaction and their temporal order, providing a better understanding of the death process induced by them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Ribeiro Lucas
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Filipe Zaniratti Damica
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Estefany Braz Toledo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Antônio Jesus Dorighetto Cogo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Anna Lvovna Okorokova-Façanha
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Valdirene Moreira Gomes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil
| | - André de Oliveira Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Microrganismos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, nº 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, 28013-602, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen SY, Chang CK, Lan CY. Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 disrupts plasma membrane and calcium homeostasis in Candida albicans via the Rim101 pathway. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0255123. [PMID: 37888991 PMCID: PMC10715129 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02551-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Candida albicans is a major human fungal pathogen, and antimicrobial peptides are key components of innate immunity. Studying the interplay between C. albicans and human antimicrobial peptides would enhance a better understanding of pathogen-host interactions. Moreover, potential applications of antimicrobial peptides in antifungal therapy have aroused great interest. This work explores new mechanisms of LL-37 against C. albicans and reveals the complex connection among calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, signaling, and possibly organelle interaction. Notably, these findings support the possible use of antimicrobial peptides to prevent and treat fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Che-Kang Chang
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Lan
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bravo-Chaucanés CP, Chitiva LC, Vargas-Casanova Y, Diaz-Santoyo V, Hernández AX, Costa GM, Parra-Giraldo CM. Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Action of Piperine against Candida albicans and Targeting Its Virulence Factors. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1729. [PMID: 38136600 PMCID: PMC10742119 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived compounds have proven to be a source of inspiration for new drugs. In this study, piperine isolated from the fruits of Piper nigrum showed anti-Candida activity. Furthermore, the mechanisms of action of piperine and its impact on virulence factors in Candida albicans, which have not been comprehensively understood, were also assessed. Initially, piperine suppressed the hyphal transition in both liquid and solid media, hindered biofilm formation, and resulted in observable cell distortions in scanning electron microscope (SEM) samples, for both fluconazole-sensitive and fluconazole-resistant C. albicans strains. Additionally, the morphogenetic switches triggered by piperine were found to rely on the activity of mutant C. albicans strains. Secondly, piperine treatment increased cell membrane permeability and disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, as evidenced by propidium iodine and Rhodamine 123 staining, respectively. Moreover, it induced the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species in C. albicans. Synergy was obtained between the piperine and the fluconazole against the fluconazole-sensitive strain. Interestingly, there were no hemolytic effects of piperine, and it resulted in reduced cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells at low concentrations. The results suggest that piperine could have a dual mode of action inhibiting virulence factors and modulating cellular processes, leading to cell death in C. albicans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Patricia Bravo-Chaucanés
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (C.P.B.-C.); (Y.V.-C.); (V.D.-S.)
| | - Luis Carlos Chitiva
- Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (L.C.C.); (A.X.H.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Yerly Vargas-Casanova
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (C.P.B.-C.); (Y.V.-C.); (V.D.-S.)
| | - Valentina Diaz-Santoyo
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (C.P.B.-C.); (Y.V.-C.); (V.D.-S.)
| | - Andrea Ximena Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (L.C.C.); (A.X.H.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Geison M. Costa
- Grupo de Investigación Fitoquímica Universidad Javeriana (GIFUJ), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (L.C.C.); (A.X.H.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Claudia Marcela Parra-Giraldo
- Unidad de Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, DC, Colombia; (C.P.B.-C.); (Y.V.-C.); (V.D.-S.)
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang M, Wang L, Tang W, Xing Y, Liu P, Dang X. Antibacterial mechanism of the novel antimicrobial peptide Jelleine-Ic and its efficacy in controlling Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae in kiwifruit. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:3681-3692. [PMID: 37184207 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) poses a severe threat to kiwifruit production. Because of the insufficient efficacy and environmental safety of available treatments, novel antibacterial agents should be urgently developed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can be used as antimicrobials for disease control. In this study, we designed a novel AMP, Jelleine-Ic, and evaluated its antibacterial activity and mechanism of action against Psa. RESULTS Jelleine-Ic with a half-maximal effective concentration of 1.67 μg/mL exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than did parent Jelleine-I. Jelleine-Ic targeted the Psa membrane, increased membrane permeabilization and dissipated membrane potential, resulting in calcium leakage. Electron microscopy revealed that Jelleine-Ic disrupted cell morphology and caused intracellular alterations. Moreover, this AMP penetrated the cell membrane, bound to DNA, and reduced the expression of genes related to DNA replication and repair. Jelleine-Ic also reduced esterase activity and induced intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. This peptide inhibited the development of Psa canker. The control efficiency of Jelleine-Ic against Psa in the leaf discs and leaves of kiwifruit was 81.83% and 70.53%, respectively, which was superior to that of the commercial agricultural streptomycin. Furthermore, Jelleine-Ic upregulated the expression of kiwifruit defense genes (PR-10 and WRKY70a). CONCLUSION Jelleine-Ic effectively controls Psa in vitro and in vivo, and may be developed as a bactericide for plant disease control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Pu Liu
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangli Dang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jayasinghe JNC, Whang I, De Zoysa M. Antifungal Efficacy of Antimicrobial Peptide Octominin II against Candida albicans. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14053. [PMID: 37762357 PMCID: PMC10531694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most clinically isolated Candida albicans strains are drug-resistant, emphasizing the urgent need to discover alternative therapies. In this study, the previously characterized Octominin was modified into a shorter peptide with an 18 amino acid sequence (1GWLIRGAIHAGKAIHGLI18) and named Octominin II. The secondary structure of Octominin II is a random coil with a helical turn and a positive charge (+2.46) with a hydrophobic ratio of 0.46. Octominin II inhibited C. albicans, C. auris, and C. glabrata with minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations against C. albicans of 80 and 120 µg/mL, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed that Octominin II treatment caused ultra-structural changes in C. albicans cells. Furthermore, membrane permeability results for the fluorescent indicator propidium iodide revealed modifications in cell wall integrity in Octominin II-treated C. albicans. Octominin II treatment increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. albicans. Gene expression studies revealed that Octominin II suppresses virulence genes of C. albicans such as CDR1, TUP1, AGE3, GSC1, SAP2, and SAP9. In addition, a nucleic acid binding assay revealed that Octominin II degraded genomic DNA and total RNA in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, Octominin II inhibited and eradicated C. albicans biofilm formation. Octominin II showed relatively less cytotoxicity on raw 264.7 cells (0-200 µg/mL) and hemolysis activity on murine erythrocytes (6.25-100 µg/mL). In vivo studies confirmed that Octominin II reduced the pathogenicity of C. albicans. Overall, the data suggests that Octominin II inhibits C. albicans by employing different modes of action and can be a promising candidate for controlling multidrug-resistant Candida infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. N. C. Jayasinghe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ilson Whang
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), Janghang-eup 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vargas-Casanova Y, Bravo-Chaucanés CP, Martínez AXH, Costa GM, Contreras-Herrera JL, Medina RF, Rivera-Monroy ZJ, García-Castañeda JE, Parra-Giraldo CM. Combining the Peptide RWQWRWQWR and an Ethanolic Extract of Bidens pilosa Enhances the Activity against Sensitive and Resistant Candida albicans and C. auris Strains. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:817. [PMID: 37623588 PMCID: PMC10455339 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The antifungal activity of palindromic peptide RWQWRWQWR and its derivatives was evaluated against clinical isolates of Candida albicans and C. auris. Also, Bidens pilosa ethanolic extracts of leaves and stem were evaluated. Furthermore, combinations of peptide, extract, and/or fluconazole (FLC) were evaluated. The cytotoxicity of peptides and extracts in erythrocytes and fibroblasts was determined. The original palindromic peptide, some derivative peptides, and the ethanolic extract of leaves of B. pilosa exhibited the highest activity in some of the strains evaluated. Synergy was obtained between the peptide and the FLC against C. auris 435. The combination of the extract and the original palindromic peptide against C. albicans SC5314, C. auris 435, and C. auris 537 decreased the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by a factor of between 4 and 16. These mixtures induced changes in cell morphology, such as deformations on the cell surface. The results suggest that the combination of RWQWRWQWR and B. pilosa extract is an alternative for enhancing antifungal activity and decreasing cytotoxicity and costs and should be considered to be a promising strategy for treating diseases caused by Candida spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yerly Vargas-Casanova
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (Y.V.-C.); (C.P.B.-C.)
| | | | | | - Geison Modesti Costa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (A.X.H.M.); (G.M.C.)
| | | | - Ricardo Fierro Medina
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional of Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (R.F.M.); (Z.J.R.-M.); (J.E.G.-C.)
| | - Zuly Jenny Rivera-Monroy
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Nacional of Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia; (R.F.M.); (Z.J.R.-M.); (J.E.G.-C.)
| | | | - Claudia Marcela Parra-Giraldo
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia; (Y.V.-C.); (C.P.B.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Contreras Martínez OI, Angulo Ortíz A, Santafé Patiño G, Peñata-Taborda A, Berrio Soto R. Isoespintanol Antifungal Activity Involves Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inhibition of Biofilm Formation, and Damage to Cell Wall Integrity in Candida tropicalis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10187. [PMID: 37373346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing increase in infections caused by C. tropicalis, associated with its drug resistance and consequent high mortality, especially in immunosuppressed people, today generates a serious global public health problem. In the search for new potential drug candidates that can be used as treatments or adjuvants in the control of infections by these pathogenic yeasts, the objective of this research was to evaluate the action of isoespintanol (ISO) against the formation of fungal biofilms, the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and its effect on the integrity of the cell wall. We report the ability of ISO to inhibit the formation of biofilms by up to 89.35%, in all cases higher than the values expressed by amphotericin B (AFB). Flow cytometric experiments using rhodamine 123 (Rh123) showed the ability of ISO to cause mitochondrial dysfunction in these cells. Likewise, experiments using calcofluor white (CFW) and analyzed by flow cytometry showed the ability of ISO to affect the integrity of the cell wall by stimulating chitin synthesis; these changes in the integrity of the wall were also observed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These mechanisms are involved in the antifungal action of this monoterpene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Angulo Ortíz
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Gilmar Santafé Patiño
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - Ana Peñata-Taborda
- Biomedical and Molecular Biology Research Group, Universidad del Sinú E.B.Z., Montería 230001, Colombia
| | - Ricardo Berrio Soto
- Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Universidad de Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shen P, Ding K, Wang L, Tian J, Huang X, Zhang M, Dang X. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial peptide Jelleine-I against foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 387:110050. [PMID: 36508953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.110050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As a human foodborne pathogen, Listeria monocytogenes can cause severe human listeriosis and develop resistance to antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced from all kingdoms of life and regarded as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Jelleine-I is an AMP identified from honeybees royal jelly. In this study, we explored the activity and action mechanism of Jelleine-I against L. monocytogenes. We found its minimum inhibitory concentration to be 12.5 μg/mL. Membrane permeability analysis revealed that Jelleine-I increased L. monocytogenes cell membrane permeability, causing calcium leakage. Scanning, transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy revealed that Jelleine-I destroyed membrane integrity, disrupted intracellular structures and interacted with the bacterial DNA. DNA binding analysis demonstrated that Jelleine-I bound to bacterial genomic DNA. Results of reverse transcription-quantitative PCR revealed that Jelleine-I affected bacterial DNA replication gene expression levels. Moreover, Jelleine-I induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from fluorescence intensity analysis, and inhibited bacterial biofilm formation. Results of immunomodulation in Galleria mellonella revealed that Jelleine-I increased host hemocyte counts, upregulated host AMP gene (Gloverin and Cecropin D) expression, and inhibited proinfammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6) production induced by bacterial infection. It efficiently killed bacteria and increased the survival rate of infected insects to 70 %. Furthermore, Jelleine-I increased the G1 to S phase transition in mammalian cells from cells cycle analysis, and cytotoxicity assay results indicated that it promoted cell proliferation without hemolysis or cytotoxicity. Collectively, Jelleine-I possesses antimicrobial, immunomodulatory and cell proliferative activities, and is a promising candidate for preventing L. monocytogenes emergence and dissemination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Shen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kang Ding
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lifang Wang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinhuan Tian
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Material, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiuhong Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Material, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiangli Dang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sphingosine as a New Antifungal Agent against Candida and Aspergillus spp. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415510. [PMID: 36555152 PMCID: PMC9779773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether sphingosine is effective as prophylaxis against Aspergillus spp. and Candida spp. In vitro experiments showed that sphingosine is very efficacious against A. fumigatus and Nakeomyces glabrataa (formerly named C. glabrata). A mouse model of invasive aspergillosis showed that sphingosine exerts a prophylactic effect and that sphingosine-treated animals exhibit a strong survival advantage after infection. Furthermore, mechanistic studies showed that treatment with sphingosine leads to the early depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and to a release of cytochrome C within minutes, thereby presumably initiating apoptosis. Because of its very good tolerability and ease of application, inhaled sphingosine should be further developed as a possible prophylactic agent against pulmonary aspergillosis among severely immunocompromised patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Maione A, La Pietra A, de Alteriis E, Mileo A, De Falco M, Guida M, Galdiero E. Effect of Myrtenol and Its Synergistic Interactions with Antimicrobial Drugs in the Inhibition of Single and Mixed Biofilms of Candida auris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091773. [PMID: 36144375 PMCID: PMC9501169 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of mixed infections requires that the scientific community develop novel antimicrobial molecules. Essential oils and their bioactive pure compounds have been found to exhibit a wide range of remarkable biological activities and are attracting more and more attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate myrtenol (MYR), one of the constituents commonly found in some essential oils, for its potential to inhibit biofilms alone and in combination with antimicrobial drugs against Candida auris/Klebsiella pneumoniae single and mixed biofilms. The antimicrobial activity of MYR was evaluated by determining bactericidal/fungicidal concentrations (MIC), and biofilm formation at sub-MICs was analyzed in a 96-well microtiter plate by crystal violet, XTT reduction assay, and CFU counts. The synergistic interaction between MYR and antimicrobial drugs was evaluated by the checkerboard method. The study found that MYR exhibited antimicrobial activity at high concentrations while showing efficient antibiofilm activity against single and dual biofilms. To understand the underlying mechanism by which MYR promotes single/mixed-species biofilm inhibition, we observed a significant downregulation in the expression of mrkA, FKS1, ERG11, and ALS5 genes, which are associated with bacterial motility, adhesion, and biofilm formation as well as increased ROS production, which can play an important role in the inhibition of biofilm formation. In addition, the checkerboard microdilution assay showed that MYR was strongly synergistic with both caspofungin (CAS) and meropenem (MEM) in inhibiting the growth of Candida auris/Klebsiella pneumoniae-mixed biofilms. Furthermore, the tested concentrations showed an absence of toxicity for both mammalian cells in the in vitro and in vivo Galleria mellonella models. Thus, MYR could be considered as a potential agent for the management of polymicrobial biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maione
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra La Pietra
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta de Alteriis
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Mileo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Emilia Galdiero
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (E.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lycosin-II Exhibits Antifungal Activity and Inhibits Dual-Species Biofilm by Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8090901. [PMID: 36135626 PMCID: PMC9504746 DOI: 10.3390/jof8090901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance is a global public health issue. To address this, new antimicrobial agents have been developed. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit a wide range of antimicrobial activities against pathogens, including bacteria and fungi. Lycosin-II, isolated from the venom of the spider Lycosa singoriensis, has shown antibacterial activity by disrupting membranes. However, the mode of action of Lycosin-II and its antifungal activity have not been clearly described. Therefore, we confirmed that Lycosin-II showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans (C. albicans). To investigate the mode of action, membrane-related assays were performed, including an evaluation of C. albicans membrane depolarization and membrane integrity after exposure to Lycosin-II. Our results indicated that Lycosin-II damaged the C. albicans membrane. Additionally, Lycosin-II induced oxidative stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. albicans. Moreover, Lycosin-II exhibited an inhibitory effect on dual-species biofilm formation by C. albicans and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which are the most co-isolated fungi and bacteria. These results revealed that Lycosin-II can be utilized against C. albicans and dual-species strain infections.
Collapse
|
14
|
Gbala ID, Macharia RW, Bargul JL, Magoma G. Membrane Permeabilization and Antimicrobial Activity of Recombinant Defensin-d2 and Actifensin against Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144325. [PMID: 35889198 PMCID: PMC9317813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance requires urgent efforts towards the discovery of active antimicrobials, and the development of strategies to sustainably produce them. Defensin and defensin-like antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are increasingly gaining pharmacological interest because of their potency against pathogens. In this study, we expressed two AMPs: defensin-d2 derived from spinach, and defensin-like actifensin from Actinomyces ruminicola. Recombinant pTXB1 plasmids carrying the target genes encoding defensin-d2 and actifensin were generated by the MEGAWHOP cloning strategy. Each AMP was first expressed as a fusion protein in Escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography, and was thereafter assayed for antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Approximately 985 µg/mL and 2895 µg/mL of recombinant defensin-d2 and actifensin, respectively, were recovered with high purity. An analysis by MALDI-TOF MS showed distinct peaks corresponding to molecular weights of approximately 4.1 kDa for actifensin and 5.8 kDa for defensin-d2. An in vitro antimicrobial assay showed that MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were inhibited at minimum concentrations of 7.5 µg/mL and 23 µg/mL for recombinant defensin-d2 and actifensin, respectively. The inhibitory kinetics of the peptides revealed cidal activity within 4 h of the contact time. Furthermore, both peptides exhibited an antagonistic interaction, which could be attributed to their affinities for similar ligands, as deduced by peptide–ligand profiling. Moreover, both peptides inhibited biofilm formation, and they exhibited no resistance potential and low hemolytic activity. The peptides also possess the ability to permeate and disrupt the cell membranes of MDR P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. Therefore, recombinant actifensin and defensin-d2 exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and have the potential to be used as therapy against MDR pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoluwa D. Gbala
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya;
- Correspondence:
| | - Rosaline W. Macharia
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya;
| | - Joel L. Bargul
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya;
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya
| | - Gabriel Magoma
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya;
- Department of Biochemistry, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi P.O. Box 62000-00200, Kenya;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yaakoub H, Mina S, Calenda A, Bouchara JP, Papon N. Oxidative stress response pathways in fungi. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:333. [PMID: 35648225 PMCID: PMC11071803 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Fungal response to any stress is intricate, specific, and multilayered, though it employs only a few evolutionarily conserved regulators. This comes with the assumption that one regulator operates more than one stress-specific response. Although the assumption holds true, the current understanding of molecular mechanisms that drive response specificity and adequacy remains rudimentary. Deciphering the response of fungi to oxidative stress may help fill those knowledge gaps since it is one of the most encountered stress types in any kind of fungal niche. Data have been accumulating on the roles of the HOG pathway and Yap1- and Skn7-related pathways in mounting distinct and robust responses in fungi upon exposure to oxidative stress. Herein, we review recent and most relevant studies reporting the contribution of each of these pathways in response to oxidative stress in pathogenic and opportunistic fungi after giving a paralleled overview in two divergent models, the budding and fission yeasts. With the concept of stress-specific response and the importance of reactive oxygen species in fungal development, we first present a preface on the expanding domain of redox biology and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Yaakoub
- Univ Angers, Univ Brest, IRF, SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Sara Mina
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Nicolas Papon
- Univ Angers, Univ Brest, IRF, SFR ICAT, 49000, Angers, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Q, Pan L, Han Y, Zhou Z. Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Enterocin CHQS Against Candida albicans. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:191. [PMID: 35552837 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common fungal pathogen in hospital-acquired infections, which is extremely harmful to health. The increasing fungal infections is requiring the rapid development of novel antifungal agents. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of CHQS, an enterocin isolated from Enterococcus faecalis TG2 against C. albicans was confirmed by the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum fungicidal concentration, and time-kill curve. Aniline blue and calcofluor white staining methods showed that CHQS remarkably affected β-1,3-glucan and chitin cell wall components and made cell wall more vulnerable. The C. albicans cell wall rupture and intracellular vacuolation were observed by TEM and SEM. Moreover, CHQS induced the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. These results suggested that CHQS might have a complex multi-target antimicrobial mechanism against C. albicans. In addition, the use of CHQS combined with amphotericin B showed synergistic antimicrobial effects against C. albicans. In conclusion, enterocin CHQS, a natural product with antimicrobial effect, might has a bright future for the development of new antifungal drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lei Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Ye Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Zhijiang Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun CQ, Peng J, Yang LB, Jiao ZL, Zhou LX, Tao RY, Zhu LJ, Tian ZQ, Huang MJ, Guo G. A Cecropin-4 Derived Peptide C18 Inhibits Candida albicans by Disturbing Mitochondrial Function. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:872322. [PMID: 35531288 PMCID: PMC9075107 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.872322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Global burden of fungal infections and related health risk has accelerated at an incredible pace, and multidrug resistance emergency aggravates the need for the development of new effective strategies. Candida albicans is clinically the most ubiquitous pathogenic fungus that leads to high incidence and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), in this context, represent promising alternatives having potential to be exploited for improving human health. In our previous studies, a Cecropin-4-derived peptide named C18 was found to possess a broader antibacterial spectrum after modification and exhibit significant antifungal activity against C. albicans. In this study, C18 shows antifungal activity against C. albicans or non-albicans Candida species with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 4∼32 μg/ml, and clinical isolates of fluconazole (FLZ)-resistance C. tropicalis were highly susceptible to C18 with MIC value of 8 or 16 μg/ml. Additionally, C18 is superior to FLZ for killing planktonic C. albicans from inhibitory and killing kinetic curves. Moreover, C18 could attenuate the virulence of C. albicans, which includes damaging the cell structure, retarding hyphae transition, and inhibiting biofilm formation. Intriguingly, in the Galleria mellonella model with C. albicans infection, C18 could improve the survival rate of G. mellonella larvae to 70% and reduce C. albicans load from 5.01 × 107 to 5.62 × 104 CFU. For mechanistic action of C18, the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cytosolic Ca2 + increased in the presence of C18, which is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Meanwhile, mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm) loss and ATP depletion of C. albicans occurred with the treatment of C18. We hypothesized that C18 might inhibit C. albicans via triggering mitochondrial dysfunction driven by ROS generation and Ca2 + accumulation. Our observation provides a basis for future research to explore the antifungal strategies and presents C18 as an attractive therapeutic candidate to be developed to treat candidiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qin Sun
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Peng
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Long-Bing Yang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zheng-Long Jiao
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Luo-Xiong Zhou
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
| | - Ru-Yu Tao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, China
| | - Li-Juan Zhu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhu-Qing Tian
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Jiao Huang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guo Guo
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Guo Guo,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nakamura M, Tsuda N, Miyata T, Ikenaga M. Antimicrobial effect and mechanism of bovine lactoferrin against the potato common scab pathogen Streptomyces scabiei. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264094. [PMID: 35213576 PMCID: PMC8880714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a multifunctional protein with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of LF against the potato common scab pathogen Streptomyces scabiei, which causes severe damage to potato tubers. LF derived from bovine (bLF) had much higher activity against S. scabiei than human LF. The minimal inhibitory concentration of bLF was 3.9 μM. The effects of both apo-bLF (iron-free) and holo-bLF (iron-saturated) on S. scabiei were not different. Bovine lactoferricin (LFcinB), a short peptide with a length of 25 amino acid residues located in the N-terminal region of bLF, showed antimicrobial activity against S. scabiei, similar to that of bLF. These results indicated that the antimicrobial activity of bLF against S. scabiei cannot be attributed to its iron-chelating effect but to the bioactivity of its peptides. When S. scabiei was treated with the fusion protein of mCherry-LFcinB (red fluorescent protein) expressed in Escherichia coli, the pseudohyphal cells instantly glowed, indicating that the peptide electrostatically binds to the surface of S. scabiei. An assay of synthetic peptides, with modified number of arginine (Arg) and tryptophan (Trp) residues based on the antimicrobial center (RRWQWR) of LFcinB showed that Trp residues are implicated in the antimicrobial activity against S. scabiei; however, Arg residues are also necessary to carry Trp residues to the cell surface to fully exert its activity. Although the single amino acid effect of Trp had low activity, Trp derivatives showed much higher activity against S. scabiei, suggesting that the derivatives effectively bind to the cell surface (cell membrane) by themselves without a carrier. Thus, amino acid derivatives might be considered effective and alternative antimicrobial substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakamura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Naoaki Tsuda
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikenaga
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
WMR Peptide as Antifungal and Antibiofilm against Albicans and Non-Albicans Candida Species: Shreds of Evidence on the Mechanism of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042151. [PMID: 35216270 PMCID: PMC8879636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida species are the most common fungal pathogens infecting humans and can cause severe illnesses in immunocompromised individuals. The increased resistance of Candida to traditional antifungal drugs represents a great challenge in clinical settings. Therefore, novel approaches to overcome antifungal resistance are desired. Here, we investigated the use of an antimicrobial peptide WMR against Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species in vitro and in vivo. Results showed a WMR antifungal activity on all Candida planktonic cells at concentrations between 25 μM to >50 μM and exhibited activity at sub-MIC concentrations to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate mature biofilm. Furthermore, in vitro antifungal effects of WMR were confirmed in vivo as demonstrated by a prolonged survival rate of larvae infected by Candida species when the peptide was administered before or after infection. Additional experiments to unravel the antifungal mechanism were performed on C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. The time-killing curves showed their antifungal activity, which was further confirmed by the induced intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation; WMR significantly suppressed drug efflux, down-regulating the drug transporter encoding genes CDR1. Moreover, the ability of WMR to penetrate within the cells was demonstrated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. These findings provide novel insights for the antifungal mechanism of WMR against Candida albicans and non-albicans, providing fascinating scenarios for the identification of new potential antifungal targets.
Collapse
|
20
|
Yaakoub H, Sanchez NS, Ongay-Larios L, Courdavault V, Calenda A, Bouchara JP, Coria R, Papon N. The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway in fungi †. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 48:657-695. [PMID: 34893006 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.2011834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While fungi are widely occupying nature, many species are responsible for devastating mycosis in humans. Such niche diversity explains how quick fungal adaptation is necessary to endow the capacity of withstanding fluctuating environments and to cope with host-imposed conditions. Among all the molecular mechanisms evolved by fungi, the most studied one is the activation of the phosphorelay signalling pathways, of which the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway constitutes one of the key molecular apparatus underpinning fungal adaptation and virulence. In this review, we summarize the seminal knowledge of the HOG pathway with its more recent developments. We specifically described the HOG-mediated stress adaptation, with a particular focus on osmotic and oxidative stress, and point out some lags in our understanding of its involvement in the virulence of pathogenic species including, the medically important fungi Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus, compared to the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Finally, we also highlighted some possible applications of the HOG pathway modifications to improve the fungal-based production of natural products in the industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Yaakoub
- Univ Angers, Univ Brest, GEIHP, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Norma Silvia Sanchez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Ongay-Larios
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- EA2106 "Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales", Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Roberto Coria
- Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nicolas Papon
- Univ Angers, Univ Brest, GEIHP, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan T, Li F, Li J, Chen F. Antifungal Activity of ToAP2D Peptide Against Sporothrix globosa. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:761518. [PMID: 34746111 PMCID: PMC8566951 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.761518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving clinical efficacy and reducing treatment time have been the focus of sporotrichosis therapy. Antimicrobial peptides ToAP2A, ToAP2C, and ToAP2D were synthesized on the basis of ToAP2 (AP02759), a peptide derived from the antimicrobial peptide database by the database filtering technology, and their physicochemical characteristics were analyzed. Compared with template peptide ToAP2, the modified peptides had much shorter length, lower molecular weight but significantly greater stability, which in return resulted in increases in the aliphatic index, hydrophilicity, and protein binding ability. Here, we show that the three derived peptides inhibit the growth of Sporothrix globosa, among which ToAP2D had the strongest anti-fungal activity. ToAP2D showed good serum stability without acute toxicity. The ToAP2D treatment inhibited the growth of S. globosa and enhanced apoptosis, which was evidenced by the upregulation of apoptosis-related protein caspase-3. The scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed deformation and rupture of S. globosa. The levels of mitochondrial membrane potential were decreased and that of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased in S. globosa upon ToAP2D treatment. Moreover, ToAP2D activated metacaspase. In the in vivo study, we further demonstrated that ToAP2D inhibited the S. globosa infection of mice footpads, and its efficiency was nearly comparable to itraconazole. In summary, our results suggest that antimicrobial peptide ToAP2D has the potential for sporotrichosis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fuqiu Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinran Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|