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Kang Y, Twagirayezu G, Xu J, Wen Y, Shang P, Song J, Wang Q, Li X, Liu S, Chen T, Cheng T, Zhang J. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Regulate Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolic Pathways to Promote the Growth of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:427. [PMID: 38921413 PMCID: PMC11204456 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can enhance the uptake of soil nutrients and water by citrus, promoting its growth. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the action of AM fungi in promoting the growth of citrus were not fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the role of AM fungi Funneliformis mosseae in the regulatory mechanisms of P. trifoliata growth. Pot experiments combined with non-targeted metabolomics methods were used to observe the growth process and changes in metabolic products of P. trifoliata under the conditions of F. mosseae inoculation. The results showed that F. mosseae could form an excellent symbiotic relationship with P. trifoliata, thereby enhancing the utilization of soil nutrients and significantly promoting its growth. Compared with the control, the plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and aboveground and underground dry weight in the F. mosseae inoculation significantly increased by 2.57, 1.29, 1.57, 4.25, and 2.78 times, respectively. Moreover, the root system results confirmed that F. mosseae could substantially promote the growth of P. trifoliata. Meanwhile, the metabolomics data indicated that 361 differential metabolites and 56 metabolic pathways were identified in the roots of P. trifoliata and were inoculated with F. mosseae. This study revealed that the inoculated F. mosseae could participate in ABC transporters by upregulating their participation, glycerophospholipid metabolism, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and metabolites from five metabolic pathways of benzoxazinoid biosynthesis [mainly enriched in lipid (39.50%) and amino acid-related metabolic pathways] to promote the growth of P. trifoliata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Kang
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Gratien Twagirayezu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Yunying Wen
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Pengxiang Shang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Juan Song
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Qian Wang
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Xianliang Li
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shengqiu Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin 541004, China; (X.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Tingsu Chen
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
| | - Tong Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China;
| | - Jinlian Zhang
- Microbiology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (Y.K.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (J.S.); (Q.W.); (T.C.)
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Nie X, Zhao Z, Zhang X, Bastías DA, Nan Z, Li C. Endophytes Alleviate Drought-Derived Oxidative Damage in Achnatherum inebrians Plants Through Increasing Antioxidants and Regulating Host Stress Responses. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:73. [PMID: 38758374 PMCID: PMC11101377 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Endophytes generally increase antioxidant contents of plants subjected to environmental stresses. However, the mechanisms by which endophytes alter the accumulation of antioxidants in plant tissues are not entirely clear. We hypothesized that, in stress situations, endophytes would simultaneously reduce oxidative damage and increase antioxidant contents of plants and that the accumulation of antioxidants would be a consequence of the endophyte ability to regulate the expression of plant antioxidant genes. We investigated the effects of the fungal endophyte Epichloë gansuensis (C.J. Li & Nan) on oxidative damage, antioxidant contents, and expression of representative genes associated with antioxidant pathways in Achnatherum inebrians (Hance) Keng plants subjected to low (15%) and high (60%) soil moisture conditions. Gene expression levels were measured using RNA-seq. As expected, the endophyte reduced the oxidative damage by 17.55% and increased the antioxidant contents by 53.14% (on average) in plants subjected to low soil moisture. In line with the accumulation of antioxidants in plant tissues, the endophyte increased the expression of most plant genes associated with the biosynthesis of antioxidants (e.g., MIOX, crtB, gpx) while it reduced the expression of plant genes related to the metabolization of antioxidants (e.g., GST, PRODH, ALDH). Our findings suggest that endophyte ability of increasing antioxidant contents in plants may reduce the oxidative damage caused by stresses and that the fungal regulation of plant antioxidants would partly explain the accumulation of these compounds in plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Zhenrui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Xingxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
| | - Daniel A Bastías
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Limited, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Zhibiao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
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Liu Z, Cao MA, Kuča K, Alqahtani MD, Muthuramalingam P, Wu QS. Cloning of CAT genes in Satsuma mandarin and their expression characteristics in response to environmental stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:123. [PMID: 38642148 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE CitCAT1 and CitCAT2 were cloned and highly expressed in mature leaves. High temperatures up-regulated CitCAT1 expression, while low temperatures and Diversispora versiformis up-regulated CitCAT2 expression, maintaining a low oxidative damage. Catalase (CAT), a tetrameric heme-containing enzyme, removes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to maintain low oxidative damage in plants exposed to environmental stress. This study aimed to clone CAT genes from Citrus sinensis cv. "Oita 4" and analyze their expression patterns in response to environmental stress, exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation. Two CAT genes, CitCAT1 (NCBI accession: PP067858) and CitCAT2 (NCBI accession: PP061394) were cloned, and the open reading frames of their proteins were 1479 bp and 1539 bp, respectively, each encoding 492 and 512 amino acids predicted to be localized in the peroxisome, with CitCAT1 being a stable hydrophilic protein and CitCAT2 being an unstable hydrophilic protein. The similarity of their amino acid sequences reached 83.24%, and the two genes were distantly related. Both genes were expressed in stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, accompanied by the highest expression in mature leaves. In addition, CitCAT1 expression was mainly up-regulated by high temperatures (37 °C), exogenous ABA, and PEG stress within a short period of time, whereas CitCAT2 expression was up-regulated by exogenous ABA and low-temperature (4 °C) stress. Low temperatures (0 °C) for 12 h just up-regulated CitCAT2 expression in Diversispora versiformis-inoculated plants, and D. versiformis inoculation up-regulated CitCAT2 expression, along with lower hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels in mycorrhizal plants at low temperatures. It is concluded that CitCAT2 has an important role in resistance to low temperatures as well as mycorrhizal enhancement of host resistance to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Ming-Ao Cao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Mashael Daghash Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
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Li X, Lin Y, Qin Y, Han G, Wang H, Yan Z. Beneficial endophytic fungi improve the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza by performing different ecological functions. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16959. [PMID: 38406278 PMCID: PMC10894594 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Endophytic fungi can enhance the growth and synthesis of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is frequently employed for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ailments, with the primary bioactive components being salvianolic acid and tanshinone. However, their levels in cultivated S. miltiorrhiza are inferior to that of the wild herbs, so the production of high-quality medicinal herbs is sharply declining. Consequently, the utilization of beneficial endophytic fungi to improve the yield and quality of S. miltiorrhiza holds great significance for the cultivation of medicinal plants. Methods In this study, nine non-pathogenic, endophytic fungal strains were introduced into sterile S. miltiorrhiza seedlings and cultivated both in vitro and in situ (the greenhouse). The effects of these strains on the growth indices, C and N metabolism, antioxidant activity, photosynthesis, and content of bioactive ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza were then evaluated. Results The results showed that the different genera, species, or strains of endophytic fungi regulated the growth and metabolism of S. miltiorrhiza in unique ways. These endophytic fungi primarily exerted their growth-promoting effects by increasing the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, and the activities of sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, nitrate reductase, and glutamine synthetase. They also enhanced the adaptability and resistance to environmental stresses by improving the synthesis of osmoregulatory compounds and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. However, their regulatory effects on the growth and development of S. miltiorrhiza were affected by environmental changes. Moreover, the strains that significantly promoted the synthesis and accumulation of phenolic acids inhibited the accumulation of tanshinones components, and vice versa. The endophytic fungal strains Penicillium meloforme DS8, Berkeleyomyces basicola DS10, and Acremonium sclerotigenum DS12 enhanced the bioaccumulation of tanshinones. Fusarium solani DS16 elevated the rosmarinic acid content and yields in S. miltiorrhiza. The strain Penicillium javanicum DS5 improved the contents of dihydrotanshinone, salvianolic acid B, and rosmarinic acid. The strains P. meloforme DS8 and B. basicola DS10 improved resistance. Conclusion Various endophytic fungi affected the quality and yield of S. miltiorrhiza by regulating different physiological and metabolic pathways. This study also provides a novel and effective method to maximize the effects of beneficial endophytic fungi by selecting specific strains to design microbial communities based on the different ecological functions of endophytic fungi under varying environments and for specific production goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yali Lin
- Patent Examination Cooperation Sichuan Center of the Patent Office, CNIPA, Chengdu, Sichaun, China
| | - Yong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guiqi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai Wang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wang Y, Cao JL, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Wu QS. Serendipita indica mitigates drought-triggered oxidative burst in trifoliate orange by stimulating antioxidant defense systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1247342. [PMID: 37860240 PMCID: PMC10582986 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Soil drought is detrimental to plant growth worldwide, particularly by triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. Serendipita indica (Si), a culturable root-associated endophytic fungus, can assist host plants in dealing with abiotic stresses; however, it is unknown whether and how Si impacts the drought tolerance of citrus plants. To unravel the effects and roles of Si on drought-stressed plants, trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.; a citrus rootstock) seedlings were inoculated with Si and exposed to soil drought, and growth, gas exchange, ROS levels, antioxidant defense systems, and expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes and fatty acid desaturases in leaves were measured. Soil drought suppressed plant biomass, whereas Si inoculation significantly increased plant biomass (10.29%-22.47%) and shoot/root ratio (21.78%-24.68%) under ample water and drought conditions, accompanied by improved net photosynthetic rate (105.71%), water use efficiency (115.29%), chlorophyll index (55.34%), and nitrogen balance index (63.84%) by Si inoculation under soil drought. Soil drought triggered an increase in leaf hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion levels, while Si inoculation significantly reduced these ROS levels under soil drought, resulting in lower membrane lipid peroxidation with respect to malondialdehyde changes. Furthermore, Si-inoculated seedlings under soil drought had distinctly higher levels of ascorbate and glutathione, as well as catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase activities, compared with no-Si-inoculated seedlings. Si inoculation increased the expression of leaf PtFAD2, PtFAD6, PtΔ9, PtΔ15, PtFe-SOD, PtCu/Zn-SOD, PtPOD, and PtCAT1 genes under both ample water and soil drought conditions. Overall, Si-inoculated trifoliate orange plants maintained a low oxidative burst in leaves under drought, which was associated with stimulation of antioxidant defense systems. Therefore, Si has great potential as a biostimulant in enhancing drought tolerance in plants, particularly citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jin-Li Cao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Yadav VK, Kumar D, Jha RK, Bairwa RK, Singh R, Mishra G, Singh JP, Kumar A, Vinesh B, Jayaswall K, Rai AK, Singh AN, Kumar S, Rajavat MVS, Jayaswal D. Mycorrhizae set the stage for plants to produce a higher production of biomolecules and stress-related metabolites: a sustainable alternative of agrochemicals to enhance the quality and yield of beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L.). Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1196101. [PMID: 37465020 PMCID: PMC10352028 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Population explosions, environmental deprivation, and industrial expansion led to an imbalanced agricultural system. Non-judicial uses of agrochemicals have decreased agrodiversity, degraded agroecosystems, and increased the cost of farming. In this scenario, a sustainable agriculture system could play a crucial role; however, it needs rigorous study to understand the biological interfaces within agroecosystems. Among the various biological components with respect to agriculture, mycorrhizae could be a potential candidate. Most agricultural crops are symbiotic with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In this study, beetroot has been chose to study the effect of different AMFs on various parameters such as morphological traits, biochemical attributes, and gene expression analysis (ALDH7B4 and ALDH3I1). The AMF Gm-Funneliformis mosseae (Glomus mosseae), Acaulospora laevis, and GG-Gigaspora gigantean were taken as treatments to study the effect on the above-mentioned parameters in beetroot. We observed that among all the possible combinations of mycorrhizae, Gm+Al+GG performed best, and the Al-alone treatment was found to be a poor performer with respect to all the studied parameters. This study concluded that the more the combinations of mycorrhizae, the better the results will be. However, the phenomenon depends on the receptivity, infectivity, and past nutrient profile of the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Yadav
- University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Deepesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Radha Krishna Jha
- University Department of Botany, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Rajan Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganism, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganism, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Banoth Vinesh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldip Jayaswall
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Chávez D, Rivas G, Machuca Á, Santos C, Deramond C, Aroca R, Cornejo P. Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Endophytic Fungi to Drought Tolerance in Araucaria araucana Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112116. [PMID: 37299094 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In its natural distribution, Araucaria araucana is a plant species usually exposed to extreme environmental constraints such as wind, volcanism, fires, and low rainfall. This plant is subjected to long periods of drought, accentuated by the current climate emergency, causing plant death, especially in its early growth stages. Understanding the benefits that both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and endophytic fungi (EF) could provide plants under different water regimes would generate inputs to address the above-mentioned issues. Here, the effect of AMF and EF inoculation (individually and combined) on the morphophysiological variables of A. araucana seedlings subjected to different water regimes was evaluated. Both the AMF and EF inocula were obtained from A. araucana roots growing in natural conditions. The inoculated seedlings were kept for 5 months under standard greenhouse conditions and subsequently subjected to three different irrigation levels for 2 months: 100, 75, and 25% of field capacity (FC). Morphophysiological variables were evaluated over time. Applying AMF and EF + AMF yielded a noticeable survival rate in the most extreme drought conditions (25% FC). Moreover, both the AMF and the EF + AMF treatments promoted an increase in height growth between 6.1 and 16.1%, in the production of aerial biomass between 54.3 and 62.6%, and in root biomass between 42.5 and 65.4%. These treatments also kept the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm 0.71 for AMF and 0.64 for EF + AMF) stable, as well as high foliar water content (>60%) and stable CO2 assimilation under drought stress. In addition, the EF + AMF treatment at 25% FC increased the total chlorophyll content. In conclusion, using indigenous strains of AMF, alone or in combination with EF, is a beneficial strategy to produce A. araucana seedlings with an enhanced ability to tolerate prolonged drought periods, which could be of great relevance for the survival of these native species under the current climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chávez
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Vegetal, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Los Ángeles, Juan Antonio Coloma 0201, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile
| | - Gustavo Rivas
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Vegetal, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Los Ángeles, Juan Antonio Coloma 0201, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile
| | - Ángela Machuca
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Vegetal, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Los Ángeles, Juan Antonio Coloma 0201, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile
| | - Cledir Santos
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Av. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Christian Deramond
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Vegetal, Universidad de Concepción, Campus Los Ángeles, Juan Antonio Coloma 0201, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda N°1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile
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Chen W, Mou X, Meng P, Chen J, Tang X, Meng G, Xin K, Zhang Y, Wang C. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculation on the growth and nitrogen metabolism of Catalpa bungei C.A.Mey. under different nitrogen levels. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1138184. [PMID: 36909441 PMCID: PMC9996104 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1138184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may promote the growth of woody plants. However, the effects of AMF on nitrogen (N) metabolism in plants, especially trees, and its regulatory mechanism are rarely reported. Here, the effects of AMF inoculation on the growth and N nutrition status of Catalpa bungei under different N levels were reported. Three N levels (low, medium, high) and two mycorrhizal inoculation treatments (inoculation with Rhizophagus intraradices or not) were used with factorial design. The results showed that medium N could significantly improve the physiological metabolism and growth of C. bungei seedlings. However, when N was excessive, growth was significantly inhibited whether inoculated AMF or not. Compared with non-inoculated treatments, AMF inoculation could promote the absorption of N and P, improve photosynthesis under low to medium N levels, thus promoting the growth of seedlings. AMF changed the biomass allocation in seedlings by reducing the stem mass ratio and root/shoot ratio, and increasing the leaf mass ratio. At medium N levels, compared with non-inoculated treatment, AMF inoculation could significantly promote root growth by changing root hormone levels and improving root architecture and root activity. Under N addition, AMF inoculation could improve the absorption and assimilation of N by regulating the expression of key enzyme genes of N metabolism and nitrate transporter genes (NRT2.4, NRT2.5, NRT2.7) in roots, and enhancing the activities of the key enzyme of N metabolism. This study may provide a reference for the application of AMF in the cultivation and afforestation technology of C. bungei in Northwest China.
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Ma WY, Qin QY, Zou YN, Kuča K, Giri B, Wu QS, Hashem A, Al-Arjani ABF, Almutairi KF, Abd_Allah EF, Xu YJ. Arbuscular mycorrhiza induces low oxidative burst in drought-stressed walnut through activating antioxidant defense systems and heat shock transcription factor expression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1089420. [PMID: 36523633 PMCID: PMC9745176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1089420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have important roles in enhancing drought tolerance of host plants, but it is not clear whether and how AMF increase drought tolerance in walnut (Juglans regia). We hypothesized that AMF could activate antioxidant defense systems and heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) transcription levels to alleviate oxidative damage caused by drought. The walnut variety 'Liaohe No. 1' was inoculated with Diversispora spurca and exposed to well-watered (WW, 75% of the maximum soil water capacity) and drought stress (DS, 50% of the maximum soil water capacity) for 6 weeks. Plant growth, antioxidant defense systems, and expressions of five JrHsfs in leaves were studied. Such drought treatment inhibited root mycorrhizal colonization, while plant growth performance was still improved by AMF inoculation. Mycorrhizal fungal inoculation triggered the increase in soluble protein, glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (ASC), and total ASC contents and ascorbic peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities, along with lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion radical (O2 •-), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, compared with non-inoculation under drought. Mycorrhizal plants also recorded higher peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities than non-mycorrhizal plants under drought. The expression of JrHsf03, JrHsf05, JrHsf20, JrHsf22, and JrHsf24 was up-regulated under WW by AMF, while the expression of JrHsf03, JrHsf22, and JrHsf24 were up-regulated only under drought by AMF. It is concluded that D. spurca induced low oxidative burst in drought-stressed walnut through activating antioxidant defense systems and part Hsfs expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Ma
- Tibet Plateau Walnut Industry Research Institute/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Qin
- Tibet Plateau Walnut Industry Research Institute/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Ying-Ning Zou
- Tibet Plateau Walnut Industry Research Institute/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Bhoopander Giri
- Department of Botany, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- Tibet Plateau Walnut Industry Research Institute/College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Khalid F. Almutairi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yong-Jie Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie Mountains, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, China
- Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan, China
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Morales-Quintana L, Miño R, Mendez-Yañez A, Gundel PE, Ramos P. Do fungal-endosymbionts improve crop nutritional quality and tolerance to stress by boosting flavonoid-mediated responses? Food Res Int 2022; 161:111850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rong ZY, Jiang DJ, Cao JL, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Alsayed MF, Harsonowati W, Wu QS. Endophytic fungus Serendipita indica accelerates ascorbate-glutathione cycle of white clover in response to water stress. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:967851. [PMID: 35979492 PMCID: PMC9377509 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.967851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate-glutathione cycle is an important pathway for plants to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) under environmental stress conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the endophytic fungus Serendipita indica on biomass, chlorophyll concent, ROS levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and ascorbate-glutathione cycle in white clover under ample water and water stress conditions. The results showed that 46 days of soil water stress distinctly promoted root colonization by S. indica. Under water stress, S. indica inoculation significantly promoted shoot and root biomass, total chlorophyll content, and activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD; e.g., Fe-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD) and peroxidase in roots, coupled with a decrease in malondialdehyde content in roots. In the ascorbate-glutathione cycle of roots, S. indica also significantly increased the activity of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in water-stressed white clover, along with the increase in reduced ascorbic acid and reduced/oxidized glutathione contents, thus accelerating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in inoculated plants to scavenge more ROS (e.g., hydrogen peroxide). As a result, S. indica enhanced the tolerance of white clover in response to water stress by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and accelerating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Rong
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Dao-Ju Jiang
- Shashi Substation, Jingzhou Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jin-Li Cao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashail Fahad Alsayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wiwiek Harsonowati
- Department of Agrobiology and Bioresources, School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang-Sheng Wu,
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