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Kuhnert N. Children of Nature: Thoughts on Targeted and Untargeted Analytical Approaches to Decipher Polyphenol Reactivity in Food Processing and Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:17695-17705. [PMID: 39101581 PMCID: PMC11328182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Following 25 years of polyphenol research in our laboratory, the astonishing chemical and metabolic reactivity of polyphenols resulting in considerable chemical diversity has emerged as the most remarkable attribute of this class of natural products. To illustrate this concept, we will present selected data from black tea and coffee chemistry. In black tea chemistry, enzymatic fermentation converts six catechin derivatives into an estimated 30 000 different polyphenolic compounds via a process we have termed the oxidative cascade process. In coffee roasting, around 45 chlorogenic acids are converted into an estimated 250 novel derivatives following a series of diverse chemical transformations. Following ingestion by humans, these dietary polyphenols, whether genuine secondary metabolites or food processing products, encounter the microorganisms of the gut microbiota, converting them into a myriad of novel structures. In the case of coffee, only two out of 250 chlorogenic acids are absorbed intact, with most others being subject to gut microbial metabolism. Modern mass spectrometry (MS) has been key in unravelling the true complexity of polyphenols subjected to food processing and metabolism. We will accompany this assay with a short overview on analytical strategies developed, including ultrahigh-resolution MS, tandem MS, multivariate statistics, and molecular networking that allow an insight into the fascinating chemical processes surrounding dietary polyphenols. Finally, experimental results studying biological activity of polyphenols will be presented and discussed, highlighting a general promiscuity of this class of compounds associated with nonselective protein binding leading to loss of enzymatic function, another noteworthy general property of many dietary polyphenols frequently overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Kuhnert
- School of Science, Constructor University, Campusring 8, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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Sullivan KA, Miller JI, Townsend A, Morgan M, Lane M, Pavicic M, Shah M, Cashman M, Jacobson DA. MENTOR: Multiplex Embedding of Networks for Team-Based Omics Research. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.17.603821. [PMID: 39091782 PMCID: PMC11291001 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.17.603821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
While the proliferation of data-driven omics technologies has continued to accelerate, methods of identifying relationships among large-scale changes from omics experiments have stagnated. It is therefore imperative to develop methods that can identify key mechanisms among one or more omics experiments in order to advance biological discovery. To solve this problem, here we describe the network-based algorithm MENTOR - Multiplex Embedding of Networks for Team-Based Omics Research. We demonstrate MENTOR's utility as a supervised learning approach to successfully partition a gene set containing multiple ontological functions into their respective functions. Subsequently, we used MENTOR as an unsupervised learning approach to identify important biological functions pertaining to the host genetic architectures in Populus trichocarpa associated with microbial abundance of multiple taxa. Moreover, as open source software designed with scientific teams in mind, we demonstrate the ability to use the output of MENTOR to facilitate distributed interpretation of omics experiments.
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Yao Y, Nan L, Wang K, Xia J, Ma B, Cheng J. Integrative leaf anatomy structure, physiology, and metabolome analyses revealed the response to drought stress in sainfoin at the seedling stage. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1174-1185. [PMID: 38553821 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia) is a vital legume forage, and drought is the primary element impeding sainfoin growth. OBJECTIVE The anatomical structure, physiological indexes, and metabolites of the leaves of sainfoin seedlings with a drought-resistant line of P1 (DRL) and a drought-sensitive material of 2049 (DSM) were analyzed under drought (-1.0 MPa) with polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000). METHODS The leaf anatomy was studied by the paraffin section method. The related physiological indexes were measured by the hydroxylamine oxidation method, titanium sulfate colorimetric method, thiobarbituric acid method, acidic ninhydrin colorimetric method, and Coomassie brilliant blue method. The metabolomics analysis was composed of liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS The results revealed that the thickness of the epidermis, palisade tissue, and sponge tissue of DRL were significantly greater than those of DSM. The leaves of DRL exhibited lower levels of superoxide anion (O2 •-) production rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared with DSM, while proline (Pro) content and soluble protein (SP) content were significantly higher than those of DSM. A total of 391 differential metabolites were identified in two samples. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment showed that the primary differential metabolites were concentrated into the tyrosine metabolism; isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis; ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis; neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin biosynthesis; and anthocyanin biosynthesis metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION Compared with DSM, DRL had more complete anatomical structure, lower active oxygen content, and higher antioxidant level. The results improved our insights into the drought-resistant mechanisms in sainfoin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Yao
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lili Nan
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Gan Y, Tu Z, Yang Y, Cheng L, Wang N, Fan S, Wu C. Enhancing cowpea wilt resistance: insights from gene coexpression network analysis with exogenous melatonin treatment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:599. [PMID: 38918732 PMCID: PMC11197195 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05289-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cowpea wilt is a harmful disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum, leading to substantial losses in cowpea production. Melatonin reportedly regulates plant immunity to pathogens; however the specific regulatory mechanism underlying the protective effect of melatonin pretreated of cowpea against Fusarium oxysporum remains known. Accordingly, the study sought to evaluate changes in the physiological and biochemical indices of cowpea following melatonin treated to facilitate Fusarium oxysporum resistance and elucidate the associated molecular mechanism using a weighted gene coexpression network. RESULTS Treatment with 100 µM melatonin was effective in increasing cowpea resistance to Fusarium oxysporum. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT), and salicylic acid (SA) levels were significantly upregulated, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were significantly downregulated in melatonin treated samples in roots. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis of melatonin- and Fusarium oxysporum-treated samples identified six expression modules comprising 2266 genes; the number of genes per module ranged from 9 to 895. In particular, 17 redox genes and 32 transcription factors within the blue module formed a complex interconnected expression network. KEGG analysis revealed that the associated pathways were enriched in secondary metabolism, peroxisomes, phenylalanine metabolism, flavonoids, and flavonol biosynthesis. More specifically, genes involved in lignin synthesis, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase were upregulated. Additionally, exogenous melatonin induced activation of transcription factors, such as WRKY and MYB. CONCLUSIONS The study elucidated changes in the expression of genes associated with the response of cowpea to Fusarium oxysporum under melatonin treated. Specifically, multiple defence mechanisms were initiated to improve cowpea resistance to Fusarium oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Gan
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Zhiwei Tu
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Youxin Yang
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Liuyang Cheng
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Shuying Fan
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Caijun Wu
- College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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Ziemah J, Ullrich MS, Kuhnert N. Antibacterial Activity Potential of Industrial Food Production Waste Extracts against Pathogenic Bacteria: Comparative Analysis and Characterization. Foods 2024; 13:1902. [PMID: 38928843 PMCID: PMC11203380 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Food and Agricultural Organization estimates a 17% loss in the food production chain, making it imperative to adopt scientific and technological approaches to address this issue for sustainability. Industrial food production waste and its value-added applications, particularly in relation to a wide variety of pathogenic microorganisms and the health-related effects have not been thoroughly investigated. This study explores the potential of food production waste extracts-lemon peel (LP), hot trub (HT), and coffee silverskin (CSS) as sources of bioactive compounds. Extraction was conducted using hydro-methanolic extraction with yields in LP (482 mg/1 g) > HT (332 mg/1 g) > CSS (20 mg/1 g). The agar diffusion assay revealed the substantial antibacterial activity of all three extracts against Erwinia Amylovora, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus aquimaris. All extracts demonstrated activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, displaying minimum inhibitory concentrations effective against pathogenic bacteria like Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Salmonella enterica. Total phenolic content (TPC in mg GAE/1g) was 100, 20, and 100 for CSS, HT, and LP, respectively. Antioxidant activity by ABTS indicated IC50 of 3.09, 13.09, and 2.61 for LP, HT, and CSS, respectively. Also, the antioxidant activity of the extracts was further confirmed by DPPH assay with the best activity in CSS (9.84 GAEg-1) and LP (9.77 mg of GAEg-1) rather than in HT (1.45 GAEg-1). No adverse cytotoxic effects on HaCaT cells were observed. Pancreatic amylase inhibition demonstrated antidiabetic potential, with LP showing the highest levels (92%). LC-MS characterization identified polyphenols as the main compounds in CSS, prenylated compounds in HT, and flavanols in LP. The findings imply the potential sustainable use of food production waste in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikolai Kuhnert
- School of Science, Constructor University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany; (J.Z.); (M.S.U.)
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Liu H, Wang Y, Chang Q, Li Q, Fang J, Cao N, Tong X, Jiang X, Yu X, Cheng Y. Combined metabolome and transcriptome reveal HmF6'H1 regulating simple coumarin accumulation against powdery mildew infection in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:507. [PMID: 38844853 PMCID: PMC11155083 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powdery mildew, caused by Eeysiphe heraclei, seriously threatens Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. Plant secondary metabolites are essential to many activities and are necessary for defense against biotic stress. In order to clarify the functions of these metabolites in response to the pathogen, our work concentrated on the variations in the accumulation of secondary metabolites in H. moellendorffii during E. heraclei infection. RESULTS Following E. heraclei infection, a significant upregulation of coumarin metabolites-particularly simple coumarins and associated genes was detected by RNA-seq and UPLC-MS/MS association analysis. Identifying HmF6'H1, a Feruloyl CoA 6'-hydroxylase pivotal in the biosynthesis of the coumarin basic skeleton through ortho-hydroxylation, was a significant outcome. The cytoplasmic HmF6'H1 protein was shown to be able to catalyze the ortho-hydroxylation of p-coumaroyl-CoA and caffeoyl-CoA, resulting in the formation of umbelliferone and esculetin, respectively. Over-expression of the HmF6'H1 gene resulted in increased levels of simple coumarins, inhibiting the biosynthesis of furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins by suppressing PT gene expression, enhancing H. moellendorffii resistance to powdery mildew. CONCLUSIONS These results established HmF6'H1 as a resistance gene aiding H. moellendorffii in combatting E. heraclei infection, offering additional evidence of feruloyl-CoA 6'-hydroxylase role in catalyzing various types of simple coumarins. Therefore, this work contributes to our understanding of the function of simple coumarins in plants' defense against powdery mildew infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - QinZheng Chang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Qiubi Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiahui Fang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ning Cao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xuejiao Tong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinmei Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xihong Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Saberi Riseh R, Fathi F, Lagzian A, Vatankhah M, Kennedy JF. Modifying lignin: A promising strategy for plant disease control. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132696. [PMID: 38823737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Lignin is a complex polymer found in the cell walls of plants, providing structural support and protection against pathogens. By modifying lignin composition and structure, scientists aim to optimize plant defense responses and increase resistance to pathogens. This can be achieved through various genetic engineering techniques which involve manipulating the genes responsible for lignin synthesis. By either up regulating or down regulating specific genes, researchers can alter the lignin content, composition, or distribution in plant tissues. Reducing lignin content in specific tissues like leaves can improve the effectiveness of defense mechanisms by allowing for better penetration of antimicrobial compounds. Overall, Lignin modification through techniques has shown promising results in enhancing various plants resistance against pathogens. Furthermore, lignin modification can have additional benefits beyond pathogen resistance. It can improve biomass processing for biofuel production by reducing lignin recalcitrance, making the extraction of sugars from cellulose more efficient. The complexity of lignin biosynthesis and its interactions with other plant components make it a challenging target for modification. Additionally, the potential environmental impact and regulatory considerations associated with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) require careful evaluation. Ongoing research aims to further optimize this approach and develop sustainable solutions for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohallah Saberi Riseh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Fariba Fathi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Lagzian
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Vatankhah
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718897111 Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - John F Kennedy
- Chembiotech Laboratories Ltd, WR15 8FF Tenbury Wells, United Kingdom.
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Fonseca de Oliveira GR, Amaral da Silva EA. Tropical peanut maturation scale for harvesting seeds with superior quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1376370. [PMID: 38784060 PMCID: PMC11113016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1376370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Determining the moment for harvesting the tropical peanut with a focus on superior seed quality is not an easy task. Particularities such as indeterminate flowering, underground fruiting and uneven maturation further increase this technical challenge. It is in this context that we aim to investigate harvest indicators based on the maturation and late maturation phases of tropical peanuts to obtain seeds with superior physiological and health quality. The plants were grown in field conditions and their development stages were carefully monitored until seed production. The water content, dry weight, germination capacity, desiccation tolerance, vigor, longevity, and seed pathogens were evaluated throughout these stages. We showed that seeds from early stages (R5 and R6) did not fully tolerate desiccation and were highly sensitive to pathogen contamination after storage (Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Bacteria). At late stages (R7, R8, and R9), the seeds had optimized vigor, longevity and bioprotection against fungi and thermal stress. The peanut maturation scale for tropical agriculture provides unique harvesting guidelines that make it possible to monitor the plants' development stages with a focus on producing superior quality seeds.
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Xu Y, Tao M, Xu W, Xu L, Yue L, Cao X, Chen F, Wang Z. Nano-CeO 2 activates physical and chemical defenses of garlic (Allium sativum L.) for reducing antibiotic resistance genes in plant endosphere. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116289. [PMID: 38570269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The transmission of manure- and wastewater-borne antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) to plants contributes to the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in agriculture, necessitating effective strategies for preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from ARB in the environment to humans. Nanomaterials are potential candidates for efficiently controlling the dissemination of ARGs. The present study investigated the abundance of ARGs in hydroponically grown garlic (Allium sativum L.) following nano-CeO2 (nCeO2) application. Specifically, root exposure to nCeO2 (1, 2.5, 5, 10 mg L-1, 18 days) reduced ARG abundance in the endosphere of bulbs and leaves. The accumulation of ARGs (cat, tet, and aph(3')-Ia) in garlic bulbs decreased by 24.2-32.5 % after nCeO2 exposure at 10 mg L-1. Notably, the lignification extent of garlic stem-disc was enhanced by 10 mg L-1 nCeO2, thereby accelerating the formation of an apoplastic barrier to impede the upward transfer of ARG-harboring bacteria to garlic bulbs. Besides, nCeO2 upregulated the gene expression related to alliin biosynthesis and increased allicin content by 15.9-16.2 %, promoting a potent antimicrobial defense for reducing ARG-harboring bacteria. The potential exposure risks associated with ARGs and Ce were evaluated according to the estimated daily intake (EDI). The EDI of ARGs exhibited a decrease exceeding 95 %, while the EDI of Ce remained below the estimated oral reference dose. Consequently, through stimulating physical and chemical defenses, nCeO2 contributed to a reduced EDI of ARGs and Ce, highlighting its potential for controlling ARGs in plant endosphere within the framework of nano-enabled agrotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Xu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mengna Tao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Environment & Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lanqing Xu
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Le Yue
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feiran Chen
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environment and Ecology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi 214122, China
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Zeng X, Wu C, Zhang L, Lan L, Fu W, Wang S. Molecular Mechanism of Resistance to Alternaria alternata Apple Pathotype in Apple by Alternative Splicing of Transcription Factor MdMYB6-like. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4353. [PMID: 38673937 PMCID: PMC11050356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
As a fruit tree with great economic value, apple is widely cultivated in China. However, apple leaf spot disease causes significant damage to apple quality and economic value. In our study, we found that MdMYB6-like is a transcription factor without auto-activation activity and with three alternative spliced variants. Among them, MdMYB6-like-β responded positively to the pathogen infection. Overexpression of MdMYB6-like-β increased the lignin content of leaves and improved the pathogenic resistance of apple flesh callus. In addition, all three alternative spliced variants of MdMYB6-like could bind to the promoter of MdBGLU H. Therefore, we believe that MdMYB6-like plays an important role in the infection process of the pathogen and lays a solid foundation for breeding disease-resistant cultivars of apple in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Sanhong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (L.Z.); (L.L.); (W.F.)
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Liu C, He S, Chen J, Wang M, Li Z, Wei L, Chen Y, Du M, Liu D, Li C, An C, Bhadauria V, Lai J, Zhu W. A dual-subcellular localized β-glucosidase confers pathogen and insect resistance without a yield penalty in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1017-1032. [PMID: 38012865 PMCID: PMC10955503 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important crops for food, cattle feed and energy production. However, maize is frequently attacked by various pathogens and pests, which pose a significant threat to maize yield and quality. Identification of quantitative trait loci and genes for resistance to pests will provide the basis for resistance breeding in maize. Here, a β-glucosidase ZmBGLU17 was identified as a resistance gene against Pythium aphanidermatum, one of the causal agents of corn stalk rot, by genome-wide association analysis. Genetic analysis showed that both structural variations at the promoter and a single nucleotide polymorphism at the fifth intron distinguish the two ZmBGLU17 alleles. The causative polymorphism near the GT-AG splice site activates cryptic alternative splicing and intron retention of ZmBGLU17 mRNA, leading to the downregulation of functional ZmBGLU17 transcripts. ZmBGLU17 localizes in both the extracellular matrix and vacuole and contribute to the accumulation of two defence metabolites lignin and DIMBOA. Silencing of ZmBGLU17 reduces maize resistance against P. aphanidermatum, while overexpression significantly enhances resistance of maize against both the oomycete pathogen P. aphanidermatum and the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis. Notably, ZmBGLU17 overexpression lines exhibited normal growth and yield phenotype in the field. Taken together, our findings reveal that the apoplastic and vacuolar localized ZmBGLU17 confers resistance to both pathogens and insect pests in maize without a yield penalty, by fine-tuning the accumulation of lignin and DIMBOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shengfeng He
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Junbin Chen
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Mingyu Wang
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhenju Li
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Luyang Wei
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan Chen
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Meida Du
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dandan Liu
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Cai Li
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chunju An
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio‐breedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Vijai Bhadauria
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio‐breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, Department of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wangsheng Zhu
- China Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, and College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio‐breedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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12
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John E, Chau MQ, Hoang CV, Chandrasekharan N, Bhaskar C, Ma LS. Fungal Cell Wall-Associated Effectors: Sensing, Integration, Suppression, and Protection. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:196-210. [PMID: 37955547 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-23-0142-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The cell wall (CW) of plant-interacting fungi, as the direct interface with host plants, plays a crucial role in fungal development. A number of secreted proteins are directly associated with the fungal CW, either through covalent or non-covalent interactions, and serve a range of important functions. In the context of plant-fungal interactions many are important for fungal development in the host environment and may therefore be considered fungal CW-associated effectors (CWAEs). Key CWAE functions include integrating chemical/physical signals to direct hyphal growth, interfering with plant immunity, and providing protection against plant defenses. In recent years, a diverse range of mechanisms have been reported that underpin their roles, with some CWAEs harboring conserved motifs or functional domains, while others are reported to have novel features. As such, the current understanding regarding fungal CWAEs is systematically presented here from the perspective of their biological functions in plant-fungal interactions. An overview of the fungal CW architecture and the mechanisms by which proteins are secreted, modified, and incorporated into the CW is first presented to provide context for their biological roles. Some CWAE functions are reported across a broad range of pathosystems or symbiotic/mutualistic associations. Prominent are the chitin interacting-effectors that facilitate fungal CW modification, protection, or suppression of host immune responses. However, several alternative functions are now reported and are presented and discussed. CWAEs can play diverse roles, some possibly unique to fungal lineages and others conserved across a broad range of plant-interacting fungi. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan John
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Minh-Quang Chau
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Cuong V Hoang
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | | | - Chibbhi Bhaskar
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Lay-Sun Ma
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Ma QH. Lignin Biosynthesis and Its Diversified Roles in Disease Resistance. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:295. [PMID: 38540353 PMCID: PMC10969841 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lignin is complex, three-dimensional biopolymer existing in plant cell wall. Lignin biosynthesis is increasingly highlighted because it is closely related to the wide applications in agriculture and industry productions, including in pulping process, forage digestibility, bio-fuel, and carbon sequestration. The functions of lignin in planta have also attracted more attentions recently, particularly in plant defense response against different pathogens. In this brief review, the progress in lignin biosynthesis is discussed, and the lignin's roles in disease resistance are thoroughly elucidated. This issue will help in developing broad-spectrum resistant crops in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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14
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Bhagat N, Mansotra R, Patel K, Ambardar S, Vakhlu J. Molecular warfare between pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum R1 and host Crocus sativus L. unraveled by dual transcriptomics. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:42. [PMID: 38246927 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant-pathogen interaction pathways in saffron and cell wall degrading enzymes in Fusarium oxysporum R1 are key players involved in the interaction. Fusarium oxysporum causes corm rot in saffron (Crocus sativus L.), which is one of the most devastating fungal diseases impacting saffron yield globally. Though the corm rot agent and its symptoms are known widely, little is known about the defense mechanism of saffron in response to Fusarium oxysporum infection at molecular level. Therefore, the current study reports saffron-Fusarium oxysporum R1 (Fox R1) interaction at the molecular level using dual a transcriptomics approach. The results indicated the activation of various defense related pathways such as the mitogen activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK), plant-hormone signaling pathways, plant-pathogen interaction pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway and PR protein synthesis in the host during the interaction. The activation of pathways is involved in the hypersensitive response, production of various secondary metabolites, strengthening of the host cell wall, systemic acquired resistance etc. Concurrently, in the pathogen, 60 genes reported to be linked to pathogenicity and virulence has been identified during the invasion. The expression of genes encoding plant cell wall degrading enzymes, various transcription factors and effector proteins indicated the strong pathogenicity of Fusarium oxysporum R1. Based on the results obtained, the putative molecular mechanism of the saffron-Fox R1 interaction was identified. As saffron is a male sterile plant, and can only be improved by genetic manipulation, this work will serve as a foundation for identifying genes that can be used to create saffron varieties, resistant to Fusarium oxysporum infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Bhagat
- Metagenomic Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India
| | - Ritika Mansotra
- Metagenomic Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India
| | - Karan Patel
- DNA Xperts Private Limited, Noida, 201301, India
| | - Sheetal Ambardar
- Metagenomic Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India
| | - Jyoti Vakhlu
- Metagenomic Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India.
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15
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Kovalev MA, Gladysh NS, Bogdanova AS, Bolsheva NL, Popchenko MI, Kudryavtseva AV. Editing Metabolism, Sex, and Microbiome: How Can We Help Poplar Resist Pathogens? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1308. [PMID: 38279306 PMCID: PMC10816636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Poplar (Populus) is a genus of woody plants of great economic value. Due to the growing economic importance of poplar, there is a need to ensure its stable growth by increasing its resistance to pathogens. Genetic engineering can create organisms with improved traits faster than traditional methods, and with the development of CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing systems, scientists have a new highly effective tool for creating valuable genotypes. In this review, we summarize the latest research data on poplar diseases, the biology of their pathogens and how these plants resist pathogens. In the final section, we propose to plant male or mixed poplar populations; consider the genes of the MLO group, transcription factors of the WRKY and MYB families and defensive proteins BbChit1, LJAMP2, MsrA2 and PtDef as the most promising targets for genetic engineering; and also pay attention to the possibility of microbiome engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A. Kovalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (N.S.G.); (A.S.B.); (N.L.B.); (M.I.P.)
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya S. Gladysh
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (N.S.G.); (A.S.B.); (N.L.B.); (M.I.P.)
| | - Alina S. Bogdanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (N.S.G.); (A.S.B.); (N.L.B.); (M.I.P.)
- Institute of Agrobiotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 127434 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda L. Bolsheva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (N.S.G.); (A.S.B.); (N.L.B.); (M.I.P.)
| | - Mikhail I. Popchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (N.S.G.); (A.S.B.); (N.L.B.); (M.I.P.)
| | - Anna V. Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.K.); (N.S.G.); (A.S.B.); (N.L.B.); (M.I.P.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str., 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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16
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Tian J, Zhang J, Francis F. The role and pathway of VQ family in plant growth, immunity, and stress response. PLANTA 2023; 259:16. [PMID: 38078967 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04292-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review provides a detailed description of the function and mechanism of VQ family gene, which is helpful for further research and application of VQ gene resources to improve crops. Valine-glutamine (VQ) motif-containing proteins are a large class of transcriptional regulatory cofactors. VQ proteins have their own unique molecular characteristics. Amino acids are highly conserved only in the VQ domain, while other positions vary greatly. Most VQ genes do not contain introns and the length of their proteins is less than 300 amino acids. A majority of VQ proteins are predicted to be localized in the nucleus. The promoter of many VQ genes contains stress or growth related elements. Segment duplication and tandem duplication are the main amplification mechanisms of the VQ gene family in angiosperms and gymnosperms, respectively. Purification selection plays a crucial role in the evolution of many VQ genes. By interacting with WRKY, MAPK, and other proteins, VQ proteins participate in the multiple signaling pathways to regulate plant growth and development, as well as defense responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although there have been some reports on the VQ gene family in plants, most of them only identify family members, with little functional verification, and there is also a lack of complete, detailed, and up-to-date review of research progress. Here, we comprehensively summarized the research progress of VQ genes that have been published so far, mainly including their molecular characteristics, biological functions, importance of VQ motif, and working mechanisms. Finally, the regulatory network and model of VQ genes were drawn, a precise molecular breeding strategy based on VQ genes was proposed, and the current problems and future prospects were pointed out, providing a powerful reference for further research and utilization of VQ genes in plant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Tian
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
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Noronha H, Silva A, Garcia V, Billet K, Dias ACP, Lanoue A, Gallusci P, Gerós H. Grapevine woody tissues accumulate stilbenoids following bud burst. PLANTA 2023; 258:118. [PMID: 37962720 PMCID: PMC10645632 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION After bud burst, a transcriptional reprogramming of the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways occurs in grapevine canes resulting in the accumulation of stilbenoids like resveratrol and viniferin. Stilbenoids are phenylpropanoid compounds with important biological properties and biotechnological applications that are synthesized in grapevine in response to different stresses. Although they are found in woody tissues, such as canes and buds, their biosynthesis and accumulation have been essentially described in berries. We have previously shown that transcripts encoding secondary metabolism enzymes accumulate in grapevine canes following the transition from dormancy (E-L 1) to bud burst (E-L 4) suggesting that secondary metabolites may accumulate in grapevine canes during this transition. In the present study, using UPLC-MS we demonstrate the accumulation of important metabolites such as ferulic acid and the stilbenoids E-resveratrol, E-piceatannol and E-ε-viniferin. Stilbenoids accumulation correlated with the increased expression of several stilbene synthase genes and of VviMYB14, encoding a transcription factor that regulates stilbene biosynthesis. In addition, a general stimulation of the plastidial shikimate pathway was observed. Taken together, results show that important secondary metabolites accumulate in the woody canes during bud burst. These findings may aid biotechnological approaches aimed at extracting biologically active phenolic compounds, including stilbenoids, from grapevine woody tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Noronha
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Angélica Silva
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Virginie Garcia
- UMR EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS 50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Kévin Billet
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Alberto C P Dias
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Gallusci
- UMR EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS 50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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18
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Li Y, Chen M, Liu H, Zhang D, Shi QS, Xie XB, Guo Y. Antimicrobial Peptide-Inspired Design of Amino-Modified Lignin with Improved Antimicrobial Activities. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5381-5393. [PMID: 37908117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge to make use of lignin as an antimicrobial material is the weak antimicrobial activity of industrial lignin. Inspired by the antimicrobial mechanism of actions of antimicrobial peptides, alkyldiamines were employed as lysine mimics for lignin modifications. Accordingly, aminoalkyl-modified lignins with different degrees of substitution of amino groups and different hydrophobicity were synthesized. The chemical structure, properties, and antimicrobial activities of the as-prepared aminoalkyl lignins were thoroughly characterized with state-of-the-art technologies. The results indicated that aminobutyl lignin showed enhanced antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli and performed even better than copper ions. The antimicrobial mechanism of action of the as-prepared aminobutyl lignin was similar to that of polylysine, which damaged the cell membrane, leading to the leakage of intracellular molecules and death of the cell. This study provides a feasible approach to afford modified lignin with enhanced antimicrobial performance, which would facilitate the high-value valorization of lignin as biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhu Guo
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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19
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Martínez-García PJ, Mas-Gómez J, Prudencio ÁS, Barriuso JJ, Cantín CM. Genome-wide association analysis of Monilinia fructicola lesion in a collection of Spanish peach landraces. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1165847. [PMID: 37936940 PMCID: PMC10626550 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1165847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Brown rot, caused by the Monilinia spp., is the disease that causes the greatest losses in stone fruit worldwide. Currently, M. fructicola has become the dominant species in the main peach production area in Spain. The fruit cuticle is the first barrier of protection against external aggressions and may have a key role in the susceptibility to brown rot. However, information on the role of skin fruit on the resistance to brown rot in peach is scarce. Previous genetic analyses in peach have demonstrated that brown rot resistance is a complex and quantitative trait in which different fruit parts and resistance mechanisms are involved. To search for genomic areas involved in the control of the cultivar susceptibility to brown rot and to elucidate the role of fruit skin against this infection, we have studied, for two consecutive seasons (2019 and 2020), the fruit susceptibility to M. fructicola, together with fruit cuticle thickness (CT) and density (CD), in a collection of 80 Spanish and 5 foreign peach cultivars from the National Peach Collection at CITA (Zaragoza, Spain). Brown rot incidence, lesion diameter, and severity index were calculated after 5 days of inoculation on non-wounded fruit. The peach collection has also been genotyped using the new peach SNP chip (9 + 9K). Genotypic and phenotypic data have been used to perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS). Phenotyping has shown a wide variability on the brown rot susceptibility within the Spanish germplasm as well as on CD and CT. The GWAS results have identified several significant SNPs associated with disease severity index (DSI), CD, and CT, five of which were considered as reliable SNP-trait associations. A wide protein network analysis, using 127 genes within the regions of the reliable SNPs and previously identified candidate genes (169) associated with Monilinia spp. resistance, highlighted several genes involved in classical hypersensitive response (HR), genes related to wax layers as ceramidases and lignin precursors catalyzers, and a possible role of autophagy during brown rot infection. This work adds relevant information on the complexity resistance mechanisms to brown rot infection in peach fruits and the genetics behind them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Martínez-García
- Department of Plant Breeding, Centre of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura, Spanish National Research Council (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge Mas-Gómez
- Department of Plant Breeding, Centre of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura, Spanish National Research Council (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ángela S. Prudencio
- Department of Plant Breeding, Centre of Edaphology and Applied Biology of Segura, Spanish National Research Council (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan José Barriuso
- AgriFood Institute of Aragon (IA2), CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Celia M. Cantín
- Department of Pomology, Experimental Station of Aula Dei-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Zaragoza, Spain
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20
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Park SC, Yoon AM, Kim YM, Lee MY, Lee JR. Antifungal Action of Arabidopsis thaliana TCP21 via Induction of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1767. [PMID: 37760070 PMCID: PMC10525234 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The realm of antimicrobial proteins in plants is extensive but remains relatively uncharted. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the action of plant antifungal proteins (AFPs) holds promise for antifungal strategies. This study aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by comprehensively screening Arabidopsis thaliana species to identify novel AFPs. Using MALDI-TOF analysis, we identified a member of the TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PROLIFERATING CELL FACTOR1 (TCP) family of transcription factors as a novel AFP, A. thaliana TCP21 (AtTCP21; accession number NP_196450). Bacterially purified recombinant AtTCP21 inhibited the growth of various pathogenic fungal cells. AtTCP21 was more potent than melittin, a well-known AFP, in combating Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Growth inhibition assays against various fungal pathogens and yeasts confirmed the pH-dependent antimicrobial activity of AtTCP21. Without inducing any membrane alterations, AtTCP21 penetrates the fungal cell wall and membrane, where it instigates a repressive milieu for fungal cell growth by generating intracellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxides; resulting in morphological changes and apoptosis. Our findings demonstrate the redox-regulating effects of AtTCP21 and point to its potential as an antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Cheol Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.P.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - A-Mi Yoon
- LMO Team, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 33657, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.P.); (Y.-M.K.)
| | - Min-Young Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Daejeon Health Institute of Technology, Daejeon 34504, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung Ro Lee
- LMO Team, National Institute of Ecology (NIE), Seocheon 33657, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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21
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Yan J, Ninkuu V, Fu Z, Yang T, Ren J, Li G, Yang X, Zeng H. OsOLP1 contributes to drought tolerance in rice by regulating ABA biosynthesis and lignin accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1163939. [PMID: 37324705 PMCID: PMC10266352 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1163939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice, as a major staple crop, employs multiple strategies to enhance drought tolerance and subsequently increase yield. Osmotin-like proteins have been shown to promote plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, the drought resistance mechanism of osmotin-like proteins in rice remains unclear. This study identified a novel osmotin-like protein, OsOLP1, that conforms to the structure and characteristics of the osmotin family and is induced by drought and NaCl stress. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and overexpression lines were used to investigate the impact of OsOLP1 on drought tolerance in rice. Compared to wild-type plants, transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsOLP1 showed high drought tolerance with leaf water content of up to 65%, and a survival rate of 53.1% by regulating 96% stomatal closure and more than 2.5-fold proline content promotion through the accumulation of 1.5-fold endogenous ABA, and enhancing about 50% lignin synthesis. However, OsOLP1 knockout lines showed severely reduced ABA content, decreased lignin deposition, and weakened drought tolerance. In conclusion, the finding confirmed that OsOLP1 drought-stress modulation relies on ABA accumulation, stomatal regulation, proline, and lignin accumulation. These results provide new insights into our perspective on rice drought tolerance.
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22
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Karmanov A, Shaposhnikova L, Kocheva L, Rachkova N, Belyy V, Lutoev V. Structural features of stress lignin of aspen (Populus tremula L.) growing under increased background radiation. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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