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Voina VC, Swain S, Kammili N, Mahalakshmi G, Muttineni R, Chander Bingi T, Kondapi AK. Effect of Early pregnancy associated protein-1 on Spike protein and ACE2 interactions: Implications in SARS Cov-2 vertical transmission. Placenta 2024; 152:39-52. [PMID: 38788480 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2024.05.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several factors influence transmission of 2019-nCoV from mother to fetus during pregnancy, thus the dynamics of vertical transmission is unclear. The role of cellular protective factors, namely a 90 KDa glycoprotein, Early pregnancy-associated protein (Epap-1), expressed by placental endothelial cells in women during early pregnancy would provide an insight into role of placental factors in virus transmission. Since viral spike protein binding to the ACE2 receptors of the host cells promotes virus invasion in placental tissue, an analysis of effects of Epap-1 on the Spike-ACE2 protein binding was studied. METHODS Epap-1 was isolated from MTP placental tissue. Molecular interaction of Epap-1 and variants of the spike was analyzed in silco. The interaction of Epap-1 with Spike and RBD were analyzed using ELISA and immunofluorescence studies. RESULTS The results in silico showed an interaction of Epap-1 with S-protein at RBD region involving K417, Y449, Y453, Y456, Y473, Q474, F486, Q498, N501 residues of spike with Y61, F287, I302, N303, N305, S334, N465, G467, N468 residues of Epap-1 leading to interference of S-protein and ACE2 interaction [1]. Further, the interaction is conserved among the variants. The studies in vitro confirm that Epap-1 affects S protein-ACE2 and RBD- ACE2 binding, thus suggesting that during early pregnancy, SARS CoV-2 infection may be protected by Epap-1 protein present in placental tissue. The results were further confirmed by pseudovirus expressing Spike and RBD in an infection assay. DISCUSSION Epap-1 interferes with Spike and RBD interaction with ACE2, suggesting a possible mechanism of the antiviral environment during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Chitta Voina
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Sarita Swain
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Nagamani Kammili
- Department of Microbiology, Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, India
| | - G Mahalakshmi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, India
| | | | - Thrilok Chander Bingi
- Department of General Medicine, Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Secunderabad, India
| | - Anand K Kondapi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
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Çıplak G, Becerir C, Sarı FN, Alyamaç Dizdar E. Effect of Maternal Coronavirus Disease on Preterm Morbidities. Am J Perinatol 2024; 41:e1835-e1840. [PMID: 37257488 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1769471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during pregnancy may have an impact on preterm morbidities due to the inflammatory nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Exposure to intrauterine inflammation could result in adverse consequences in preterm infants. We aimed to determine the effect of maternal coronavirus disease on preterm morbidities at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. STUDY DESIGN This observational cohort study compared the clinical outcomes of preterm infants < 37 gestational weeks with and without maternal COVID-19. The study was conducted in a tertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit between March 2020 and December 2021. Demographics and clinical data of the study groups were collected from the medical files. RESULTS A total of 254 infants (127 in the maternal COVID-19 group and 127 in the control group) were included in the study. Respiratory distress syndrome, early and late neonatal sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity rates were similar between groups. In the subgroup analysis, the rate of PDA was significantly higher in preterm infants ≤1,500 g with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection (38 vs. 15% p = 0.023). Presence of maternal COVID-19 was found to be an independent predictor for PDA in very low birthweight infants, as revealed by multivariate analyses (odds ratio: 3.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.12-10.4; p = 0.031). Mortality rates and duration of hospitalization were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that COVID-19 infection during pregnancy seems to have no adverse effect on preterm morbidities and mortality. However, maternal COVID-19 was found to be a risk factor for PDA in preterm infants ≤1,500 g. KEY POINTS · The effect of maternal COVID-19 on preterm morbidities still has not well defined.. · Maternal COVID-19 seems to have no adverse effect on preterm morbidities and mortality.. · The exact impact of the COVID-19 on fetal/neonatal health is yet to be clarified..
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe Çıplak
- Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Cem Becerir
- Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Fatma N Sarı
- Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Evrim Alyamaç Dizdar
- Department of Neonatology, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Türkiye
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Rajavel S, Sathiabalan M, Singh T. Maternal and neonatal outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic and pre-pandemic in an urban slum in North India - A community-based ambispective cohort study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:977-983. [PMID: 38736777 PMCID: PMC11086783 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1309_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected millions of people globally since its first case reported on December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The maternal and neonatal outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic were not much reported in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, we aimed to assess the maternal and neonatal outcomes during COVID-19 and compared them with those of the pre-pandemic period (i.e., 2019). Materials and Methods We obtained data from the cohort of pregnant women who delivered during COVID-19 pandemic and women who delivered in the pre-pandemic period. All registered antenatal mothers resident of the selected dispensary who delivered in health care facilities from January 2019 to June 2019 and from January 2021 to June 2021 were included in the study for assessing the socio-demographic, antenatal, natal, post-natal, and new-born characteristics. A semi-structed questionnaire was used for obtaining details regarding pregnancy and COVID-19 status. The neuro-development assessment of the newborn was done in the community using Trivandrum Developmental Screening Chart (TDSC). Chi-square test and Fischer exact test were used to draw association between the maternal and neonatal outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic and the pre-COVID-19 period. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 158 and 220 women delivered in pre-COVID and during COVID, respectively. Out of them, 83 mothers (47.4%) who delivered in 2019 (pre-COVID) and 158 mothers (76.4%) who delivered in 2021 (during pandemic) were contacted. The mean age was 25 ± 3.9 years. The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher during COVID pandemic. The proportion of Rh-negative mothers and other antenatal investigation reports was similar in both the groups. The proportion of high-risk pregnancy is high among mothers who delivered during COVID than the pre-COVID period. On applying multivariate analysis, developmental delay at 3 months was found to be significant among children who were born during pandemic. Conclusion A simple tool was used for assessing development milestones, and we have found that newborns delivered during COVID-19 pandemic were reported to have inappropriate developmental milestone at 3 months post-delivery. However, further research needed to assess the neuro-developmental status and follow-up of children born during COVID-19 pandemic for comprehensive neuro-developmental assessment. It is important to identify children with developmental delays associated with the pandemic and provide them with support for learning, socialization, physical and mental health, and family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Rajavel
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Rajaji Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - M Sathiabalan
- Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College and PGIMSR, Rajaji Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Tarundeep Singh
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Simbar M, Nazarpour S, Sheidaei A. Evaluation of pregnancy outcomes in mothers with COVID-19 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2162867. [PMID: 36651606 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2162867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant women are one of the endangered groups who need special attention in the COVID-19 epidemic. We conducted a systematic review and summarised the studies that reported adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection. A literature search was performed in PubMed and Scopus up to 1 September 2022, for retrieving original articles published in the English language assessing the association between COVID-19 infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Finally, in this review study, of 1790 articles obtained in the initial search, 141 eligible studies including 1,843,278 pregnant women were reviewed. We also performed a meta-analysis of a total of 74 cohort and case-control studies. In this meta-analysis, both fixed and random effect models were used. Publication bias was also assessed by Egger's test and the trim and fill method was conducted in case of a significant result, to adjust the bias. The result of the meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of preterm delivery, maternal mortality, NICU admission and neonatal death in the group with COVID-19 infection was significantly more than those without COVID-19 infection (p<.01). A meta-regression was conducted using the income level of countries. COVID-19 infection during pregnancy may cause adverse pregnancy outcomes including of preterm delivery, maternal mortality, NICU admission and neonatal death. Pregnancy loss and SARS-CoV2 positive neonates in Lower middle income are higher than in High income. Vertical transmission from mother to foetus may occur, but its immediate and long-term effects on the newborn are unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Simbar
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Nazarpour
- Department of Midwifery, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sheidaei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Changizi N, Eshrati B, Salehi M, Beheshtian M, Hadipour Jahromy L, Emami Afshar N, Hejazi S, Hantoushzadeh S, Eslamian L, Savaie M, Raeisi A, Pooransari P. Vaccination effects on reducing COVID-19 complications in pregnancy: A large-scale report from Iran. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023; 163:1012-1017. [PMID: 37655467 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination on preventing severe complications of COVID-19 in pregnant women. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in pregnant women infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during pregnancy and/or for up to 6 weeks postpartum between September 1, 2021, to January 30, 2022. The data was retrieved from a national database. The pregnant women were divided into two groups of vaccinated and unvaccinated. The proposed outcomes (the need for hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation and products of conception complications) were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Approximately 90 000 pregnant women infected with COVID-19 were included in the study. The data of the vaccinated (19 922) and unvaccinated (70 147) groups were analyzed and compared. Pregnant patients in the vaccinated group had a significantly lower rate of hospitalization (21.2% vs 29.4%) (odds ratio [OR], 0.648 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.625-0.673], P = 0.0001) and intensive care unit admission (3.7% vs 7.8%) (OR, 0.453 [95% CI, 0.382-0.535], P = 0.0001). The need for mechanical ventilation was also lower, although not statistically significant, in the vaccinated group than in the unvaccinated group (30 of 155 [19.4%] vs 418 of 1597 [26.2%]) (OR, 0.677 [95% CI, 0.448-1.024], P = 0.063). Cesarean section (54.3% vs 58.1%) (OR, 0.856 [95% CI, 0.751-0.977], P = 0.021) and stillbirth (0.4% vs 3.6%) (OR, 0.097 [95% CI, 0.026-0.252], P = 0.0001) were also significantly lower in the vaccinated patients. Most pregnant women in the vaccinated group (18 484-96.14%) received Sinopharm BIBP COVID-19 inactivated vaccine. No significant differences were seen in the effect of different types of COVID-19 vaccines on reducing COVID-19 complications in infected pregnant patients. CONCLUSION Maternal COVID-19 immunization is effective in reducing COVID-19 complications in infected pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Changizi
- Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Eshrati
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Salehi
- Research Center for Antibiotic Stewardship and Anti-microbial Resistance, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Infectious Diseases Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | - Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Eslamian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Savaie
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Pain Research Center, Razi Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Raeisi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parichehr Pooransari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Preventative Gynecology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Turkoglu O, Alhousseini A, Sajja S, Idler J, Stuart S, Ashrafi N, Yilmaz A, Wharton K, Graham SF, Bahado-Singh RO. Fetal effects of mild maternal COVID-19 infection: metabolomic profiling of cord blood. Metabolomics 2023; 19:41. [PMID: 37060499 PMCID: PMC10105349 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-023-01988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of maternal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on fetal health remains to be precisely characterized. OBJECTIVES Using metabolomic profiling of newborn umbilical cord blood, we aimed to investigate the potential fetal biological consequences of maternal COVID-19 infection. METHODS Cord blood plasma samples from 23 mild COVID-19 cases (mother infected/newborn negative) and 23 gestational age-matched controls were analyzed using nuclear magnetic spectroscopy and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) was used to evaluate altered biochemical pathways due to COVID-19 intrauterine exposure. Logistic regression models were developed using metabolites to predict intrauterine exposure. RESULTS Significant concentration differences between groups (p-value < 0.05) were observed in 19 metabolites. Elevated levels of glucocorticoids, pyruvate, lactate, purine metabolites, phenylalanine, and branched-chain amino acids of valine and isoleucine were discovered in cases while ceramide subclasses were decreased. The top metabolite model including cortisol and ceramide (d18:1/23:0) achieved an Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (95% CI) = 0.841 (0.725-0.957) for detecting fetal exposure to maternal COVID-19 infection. MSEA highlighted steroidogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, gluconeogenesis, and the Warburg effect as the major perturbed metabolic pathways (p-value < 0.05). These changes indicate fetal increased oxidative metabolism, hyperinsulinemia, and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION We present fetal biochemical changes related to intrauterine inflammation and altered energy metabolism in cases of mild maternal COVID-19 infection despite the absence of viral infection. Elucidation of the long-term consequences of these findings is imperative considering the large number of exposures in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Turkoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA.
| | - Ali Alhousseini
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Sparrow Hospital, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, 48912, USA
| | - Sonia Sajja
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Jay Idler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Sean Stuart
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Nadia Ashrafi
- Metabolomics Department, Beaumont Research Institute, Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Ali Yilmaz
- Metabolomics Department, Beaumont Research Institute, Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Kurt Wharton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Stewart F Graham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
- Metabolomics Department, Beaumont Research Institute, Corewell Health, William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Ray O Bahado-Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Corewell Health, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, 3535 W. 13 Mile Rd, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
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Characteristics of Placental Histopathology in Women with Uncomplicated Pregnancies Affected by SARS-CoV-2 Infection at the Time of Delivery: A Single-Center Experience. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123003. [PMID: 36551759 PMCID: PMC9775152 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was, firstly, to analyze the histopathological characteristics of placentas in women with uneventful pregnancies and affected by COVID-19 at the time of delivery; and secondly, to correlate histological findings to maternal and neonatal characteristics. In our single-center prospective observational study, 46 placentas from term uncomplicated singleton pregnancies of patients with a documented SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of delivery underwent histological examination. Despite a normal feto-maternal outcome, most of the placentas (82.6%) presented signs of maternal vascular malperfusion, while features of fetal vascular malperfusion were found in 54% of cases. No correlation was detected between maternal and neonatal characteristics and the severity of blood circulation disease, and abnormal findings were also described in asymptomatic patients. Moreover, we did not find any maternal symptoms or clinical details allowing for the prediction of abnormal placental findings in pregnancy complicated by COVID-19 infection. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy could lead to acute placental dysfunction.
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Chopra C, Bhushan I, Mehta M, Koushal T, Gupta A, Sharma S, Kumar M, Khodor SA, Sharma S. Vaginal microbiome: considerations for reproductive health. Future Microbiol 2022; 17:1501-1513. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial communities are an indispensable part of the human defense system and coexist with humans as symbionts, contributing to the metabolic functions and immune defense against pathogens. An ecologically stable vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus species, which plays an important role in the prevention of genital infections by controlling the vaginal pH, reducing glycogen to lactic acid, and stimulating bacteriocins and hydrogen peroxide. In contrast, an abnormal vaginal microbial composition is associated with an increased risk of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, sexually transmitted diseases, preterm labor and other birth defects. This microbial diversity is affected by race, ethnicity, pregnancy, hormonal changes, sexual activities, hygiene practices and other conditions. In the present review, we discuss the changes in the microbial community of the vaginal region at different stages of a female's life cycle and its influence on her reproductive health and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitrakshi Chopra
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, 182320, India
| | - Indu Bhushan
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, 182320, India
| | - Malvika Mehta
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, 182320, India
| | - Tanvi Koushal
- School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, 182320, India
| | - Amita Gupta
- Department of Gynecology, Government Medical College, Jammu, (J&K), 180001, India
| | - Sarika Sharma
- Department of Sponsored Research, Division of Research & Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, 26999, Qatar
| | | | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
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Lamptey E, Senkyire EK, Banoya MT, Yaidoo S. COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy: A review of maternal and infant benefits. GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS CLINICAL MEDICINE 2022; 2:124-128. [PMID: 38620770 PMCID: PMC9359937 DOI: 10.1016/j.gocm.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant women with COVID-19 are more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit and their babies born prematurely. Clinical trials excluded pregnant women from the vaccine and safety data were limited. However, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the safety and immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant women and their babies including evidence of maternal transfer of antibodies. In addition to these benefits, the vaccines are proved to be effective for both the pregnant women and infants. The current evidence supports the safety, immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine and its effectiveness in reducing the theoretical risk of the infection among pregnant women and their infants. This review summarizes the recent data on the beneficial effects of COVID-19 immunization on both the pregnant mother and infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Lamptey
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (Including Health and Agriculture), Pan African University, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
- Methodist University, Ghana
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Craina M, Iacob D, Dima M, Bernad S, Silaghi C, Moza A, Pantea M, Gluhovschi A, Bernad E. Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Findings of Pregnant Women with Possible Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2-Case Series. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10916. [PMID: 36078626 PMCID: PMC9518023 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic significantly impacted the general population's health. At times, the infection has unfavorably influenced pregnancy evolution and the result of birth. However, vertical transmission of the virus is rare and generates controversial discussions. The study aimed to highlight the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings of pregnant women with confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with possible vertical transmission and identify possible factors that encourage vertical transmission. Between 1 April 2020 and 31 December 2021, 281 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 gave birth in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Departments of the tertiary unit of County Emergency Clinical Hospital from Timisoara. Three newborns (1.06%) tested positive. The characteristic of these three cases was described as a short series. In two cases, the patients were asymptomatic. In one case, the patient developed a mild form of COVID-19 with a favorable evolution in all cases. We did not identify the presence of smoking history, vaccine before admission, atypical presentation, fever, or chest X-ray abnormalities. We note possible factors that encourage vertical transmission: Pregnancy-induced hypertension, thrombophilia, asymptomatic cough, an asymptomatic or mild form of the disease, a ruptured membrane, and cesarean. The laboratory results highlight the inconstant presence of some changes found in the list of potential predictors of the severity of the infection: Lymphopenia, high values of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, fibrinogen, platelets, Aspartate Aminotransferase, Lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin. The study's conclusion of this small group suggests that there may have been an intrauterine infection in late pregnancy and described characteristics of the pregnant women. Possible risk factors that could encourage vertical transmission have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Craina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Iacob
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirabela Dima
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sandor Bernad
- Romanian Academy Timisoara Branch, Mihai Viteazul Avenue, 24, 300275 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Carmen Silaghi
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Moza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Manuela Pantea
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Gluhovschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Elena Bernad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital “Pius Brinzeu”, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
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Kumar M, Saadaoui M, Al Khodor S. Infections and Pregnancy: Effects on Maternal and Child Health. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:873253. [PMID: 35755838 PMCID: PMC9217740 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.873253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy causes physiological and immunological adaptations that allow the mother and fetus to communicate with precision in order to promote a healthy pregnancy. At the same time, these adaptations may make pregnant women more susceptible to infections, resulting in a variety of pregnancy complications; those pathogens may also be vertically transmitted to the fetus, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Even though the placenta has developed a robust microbial defense to restrict vertical microbial transmission, certain microbial pathogens have evolved mechanisms to avoid the placental barrier and cause congenital diseases. Recent mechanistic studies have begun to uncover the striking role of the maternal microbiota in pregnancy outcomes. In this review, we discuss how microbial pathogens overcome the placental barrier to cause congenital diseases. A better understanding of the placental control of fetal infection should provide new insights into future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Attitude and Level of COVID-19 Vaccination among Women in Reproductive Age during the Fourth Pandemic Wave: A Cross-Sectional Study in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116872. [PMID: 35682455 PMCID: PMC9180577 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccination, apart from the sanitary regime, is the most efficient strategy to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and significantly reduce the severity of the disease following infection. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among pregnant Polish women and women who have already given birth to evaluate the level and attitude to vaccination. Briefly, 1196 women (256 pregnant and 940 mothers) participated in the study; 68.0% of pregnant women and 66.2% of mothers declared that they had received COVID-19 vaccination. The most frequently stated reasons not to get vaccinated were possible adverse effects on the mother, fetus or breastfed child, post-vaccination complications and limited scientific evidence on the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine. The identified predictors of avoiding COVID-19 vaccination are young age, residing in small cities or rural areas, cohabitation, low anxiety level regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection, and little knowledge concerning maternal vaccine-induced immune protection delivered to offspring. Despite the unlimited access to COVID-19 vaccination, the declared level of vaccination is worryingly low. The knowledge concerning the benefits of vaccination to mothers and their offspring is not satisfactory and requires urgent educational action, particularly among young women living outside big cities and single motherhood.
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Kato M, Yamaguchi K, Maegawa Y, Komine-Aizawa S, Kondo E, Ikeda T. Intrauterine fetal death during COVID-19 pregnancy: Typical fetal heart rate changes, coagulopathy, and placentitis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2022; 48:1978-1982. [PMID: 35605975 PMCID: PMC9348471 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although various perinatal outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pregnancies have been reported, the fetal and neonatal consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection remain unclear. Several reports of miscarriages and stillbirths have been recorded, but vertical transmission by SARS‐CoV‐2 is considered very rare, and the cause remains unknown. We report a case of a 22‐year‐old uncomplicated Japanese woman infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 during the second trimester, resulting in intrauterine fetal death due to placental insufficiency associated with COVID‐19 placentitis. This report emphasizes the importance of longitudinal assessment of fetal well‐being by fetal heart rate monitoring and early detection of maternal coagulation dysfunction representing SARS‐CoV‐2 inflammation to manage COVID‐19 in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie Central Medical Center, Mie, Japan
| | - Kyohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie Central Medical Center, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuka Maegawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie Central Medical Center, Mie, Japan
| | - Shihoko Komine-Aizawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Kondo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mie University, Mie, Japan
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14
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Massalha M, Yefet E, Rozenberg O, Soltsman S, Hasanein J, Smolkin T, Alter A, Perlitz Y, Nachum Z. Vertical transmission and humoral immune response following maternal infection with SARS-CoV-2 - A prospective multicenter cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28:1258-1262. [PMID: 35427778 PMCID: PMC9005357 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To explore maternal humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the rate of vertical transmission. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted at two university-affiliated medical centers in Israel. Women positive for SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) test during pregnancy were enrolled just prior to delivery. Levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-IgM, spike IgG, and nucleocapsid IgG were tested in maternal and cord blood at delivery, and neonatal nasopharyngeal swabs were subjected to PCR testing. The primary endpoint was the rate of vertical transmission, defined as either positive neonatal IgM or positive neonatal PCR. Results Among 72 women, 36 (50%), 39 (54%) and 30 (42%) were positive for anti-spike-IgM, anti-spike-IgG, and anti-nucleocapsid-IgG, respectively. Among 36 neonates in which nasopharyngeal swabs were taken, one neonate (3%, 95% confidence interval 0.1–15%) had a positive PCR result. IgM was not detected in cord blood. Seven neonates had positive IgG antibodies while their mothers were seronegative for the same IgG. Anti-nucleocapsid-IgG and anti-spike-IgG were detected in 25/30 (83%) and in 33/39 (85%) of neonates of seropositive mothers, respectively. According to the serology test results during delivery with respect to the time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the highest rate of positive maternal serology tests was 8 to 12 weeks post-infection (89% anti-spike IgG, 78% anti-spike IgM, and 67% anti-nucleocapsid IgG). Thereafter, the rate of positive serology tests declined gradually; at 20 weeks post-infection, only anti-spike IgG was detected in 33 to 50%. Discussion The rate of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was at least 3% (95% confidence interval 0.1–15%). Vaccination should be considered no later than 3 months post-infection in pregnant women due to a decline in antibody levels.
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15
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A BioID-Derived Proximity Interactome for SARS-CoV-2 Proteins. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030611. [PMID: 35337019 PMCID: PMC8951556 DOI: 10.3390/v14030611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and has caused a major health and economic burden worldwide. Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins behave in host cells can reveal underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and assist in development of antiviral therapies. Here, the cellular impact of expressing SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins was studied by global proteomic analysis, and proximity biotinylation (BioID) was used to map the SARS-CoV-2 virus–host interactome in human lung cancer-derived cells. Functional enrichment analyses revealed previously reported and unreported cellular pathways that are associated with SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We have established a website to host the proteomic data to allow for public access and continued analysis of host–viral protein associations and whole-cell proteomes of cells expressing the viral–BioID fusion proteins. Furthermore, we identified 66 high-confidence interactions by comparing this study with previous reports, providing a strong foundation for future follow-up studies. Finally, we cross-referenced candidate interactors with the CLUE drug library to identify potential therapeutics for drug-repurposing efforts. Collectively, these studies provide a valuable resource to uncover novel SARS-CoV-2 biology and inform development of antivirals.
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16
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Kumar VH, Natarajan C, Shivabalan S, Gopinath C, Dhanalakshmi D, Siddharth, Shyam, Ahalya, Maria, Jean, Rajashree. Post Covid Pneumonia Pulmonary Fibrosis And encephalitis In A Term Neonate With Prenatal Exposure to SARS CoV-2: A Case Report. IDCases 2022; 27:e01414. [PMID: 35096527 PMCID: PMC8782757 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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17
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Dogra N, Ledesma-Feliciano C, Sen R. Developmental Aspects of SARS-CoV-2, Potential Role of Exosomes and Their Impact on the Human Transcriptome. J Dev Biol 2021; 9:54. [PMID: 34940501 PMCID: PMC8708617 DOI: 10.3390/jdb9040054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With over 4.8 million deaths within 2 years, time is of the essence in combating COVID-19. The infection now shows devastating impacts on the younger population, who were not previously predicted to be vulnerable, such as in the older population. COVID-19-related complications have been reported in neonates whose mothers were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy, and in children who get infected. Hence, a deeper understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19 during various developmental stages and placental transmission is essential. Although a connection has not yet been established between exosomal trafficking and the placental transmission of COVID-19, reports indicate that SARS-CoV-2 components may be trafficked between cells through exosomes. As the infection spreads, the transcriptome of cells is drastically perturbed, e.g., through the severe upregulation of several immune-related genes. Consequently, a major outcome of COVID-19 is an elevated immune response and the detection of viral RNA transcripts in host tissue. In this direction, this review focuses on SARS-CoV-2 virology, its in utero transmission from infected pregnant mothers to fetuses, SARS-CoV-2 and exosomal cellular trafficking, transcriptomic impacts, and RNA-mediated therapeutics against COVID-19. Future research will establish stronger connections between the above processes to develop diagnostic and therapeutic solutions towards COVID-19 and similar viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Dogra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Carmen Ledesma-Feliciano
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Rwik Sen
- Active Motif, Incorporated, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA
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18
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Al-Karmalawy AA, Soltane R, Abo Elmaaty A, Tantawy MA, Antar SA, Yahya G, Chrouda A, Pashameah RA, Mustafa M, Abu Mraheil M, Mostafa A. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Control between Drug Repurposing and Vaccination: A Comprehensive Overview. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1317. [PMID: 34835248 PMCID: PMC8622998 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory viruses represent a major public health concern, as they are highly mutated, resulting in new strains emerging with high pathogenicity. Currently, the world is suffering from the newly evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a mild-to-severe respiratory tract infection with frequent ability to give rise to fatal pneumonia in humans. The overwhelming outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 continues to unfold all over the world, urging scientists to put an end to this global pandemic through biological and pharmaceutical interventions. Currently, there is no specific treatment option that is capable of COVID-19 pandemic eradication, so several repurposed drugs and newly conditionally approved vaccines are in use and heavily applied to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The emergence of new variants of the virus that partially or totally escape from the immune response elicited by the approved vaccines requires continuous monitoring of the emerging variants to update the content of the developed vaccines or modify them totally to match the new variants. Herein, we discuss the potential therapeutic and prophylactic interventions including repurposed drugs and the newly developed/approved vaccines, highlighting the impact of virus evolution on the immune evasion of the virus from currently licensed vaccines for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Raya Soltane
- Department of Basic Sciences, Adham University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | - Ayman Abo Elmaaty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt
- Stem Cells Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt
| | - Samar A Antar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Galal Yahya
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Amani Chrouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11932, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences, Monastir University, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
- Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR CNRS-UCBL-ENS 5280, 5 Rue la Doua, CEDEX, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Rami Adel Pashameah
- Department of Basic Sciences, Adham University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhamad Mustafa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Mobarak Abu Mraheil
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Egypt
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19
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de Medeiros KS, Sarmento ACA, Costa APF, Macêdo LTDA, da Silva LAS, de Freitas CL, Simões ACZ, Gonçalves AK. Consequences and implications of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on pregnancy and newborns: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 156:394-405. [PMID: 34762735 PMCID: PMC9087607 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant patients are potentially vulnerable to COVID-19. OBJECTIVES To clarify the clinical features of COVID-19 and analyze maternal/fetal morbidity and mortality and the obstetric and neonatal outcomes of pregnant patients. SEARCH STRATEGY Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHAL, LILACS, Google Scholar, and Scopus. SELECTION CRITERIA Articles published from December 2019 to February 2021. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS The reviewers extracted relevant data from the full-text. Data synthesis was performed using the R-4.1.0 Project for Statistical Computing for Windows. The meta-analysis of the included studies was carried out using the random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird). Heterogeneity was measured using I2 analysis. RESULTS A total of 70 studies included 10 047 pregnant women with COVID-19, of whom 71.6% were in their third trimester. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, chest pain, dyspnea, and fatigue. Most newborns were delivered preterm (24%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17-0.34, I2 = 93%) and via cesarean delivery (42%, 95% CI 0.38-0.47, I2 = 92%). There were 108 maternal mortalities (2%, 95% CI 0.01-0.03, I2 = 54%) and 50 abortions (5%, 95% CI 0.03-0.09, I2 = 73%). The neonatal outcomes included fetal distress (11%, 95% CI 0.06-0.19, I2 = 91%), birth weight (15%, 95% CI 0.10-0.21, I2 = 76%), APGAR <7 (19%, 95% CI 0.12-0.28, I2 = 43%), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (28%, 95% CI 0.17-0.43, I2 = 90%), and fetal mortality (2%, 95% CI 0.01-0.03, I2 = 46%). CONCLUSION There was no evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in the placenta, breast milk, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid of pregnant patients. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020181519.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleyton S de Medeiros
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.,Department of Nursing, Centro Universitário do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ayane C A Sarmento
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ana P F Costa
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Luíza T de A Macêdo
- Department of Nursing, Centro Universitário do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Luís A S da Silva
- Department of Nursing, Centro Universitário do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Cijara L de Freitas
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ana C Z Simões
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana K Gonçalves
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
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20
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May DG, Martin-Sancho L, Anschau V, Liu S, Chrisopulos RJ, Scott KL, Halfmann CT, Peña RD, Pratt D, Campos AR, Roux KJ. A BioID-derived proximity interactome for SARS-CoV-2 proteins. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 34580671 PMCID: PMC8475972 DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.17.460814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and has caused a major health and economic burden worldwide. Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins behave in host cells can reveal underlying mechanisms of pathogenesis and assist in development of antiviral therapies. Here we use BioID to map the SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interactome using human lung cancer derived A549 cells expressing individual SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins. Functional enrichment analyses revealed previously reported and unreported cellular pathways that are in association with SARS-CoV-2 proteins. We have also established a website to host the proteomic data to allow for public access and continued analysis of host-viral protein associations and whole-cell proteomes of cells expressing the viral-BioID fusion proteins. Collectively, these studies provide a valuable resource to potentially uncover novel SARS-CoV-2 biology and inform development of antivirals.
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21
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Kumar M, Saadaoui M, Elhag DA, Murugesan S, Al Abduljabbar S, Fagier Y, Ortashi O, Abdullahi H, Ibrahim I, Alberry M, Abbas A, Ahmed SR, Hendaus MA, Kalache K, Terranegra A, Al Khodor S. Omouma: a prospective mother and child cohort aiming to identify early biomarkers of pregnancy complications in women living in Qatar. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:570. [PMID: 34412611 PMCID: PMC8377974 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy is governed by multiple molecular and cellular processes, which might influence pregnancy health and outcomes. Failure to predict and understand the cause of pregnancy complications, adverse pregnancy outcomes, infant's morbidity and mortality, have limited effective interventions. Integrative multi-omics technologies provide an unbiased platform to explore the complex molecular interactions with an unprecedented depth. The objective of the present protocol is to build a longitudinal mother-baby cohort and use multi-omics technologies to help identify predictive biomarkers of adverse pregnancy outcomes, early life determinants and their effect on child health. METHODS/DESIGN One thousand pregnant women with a viable pregnancy in the first trimester (6-14 weeks of gestation) will be recruited from Sidra Medicine hospital. All the study participants will be monitored every trimester, at delivery, and one-year post-partum. Serial high-frequency sampling, including blood, stool, urine, saliva, skin, and vaginal swabs (mother only) from the pregnant women and their babies, will be collected. Maternal and neonatal health, including mental health and perinatal growth, will be recorded using a combination of questionnaires, interviews, and medical records. Downstream sample processing including microbial profiling, vaginal immune response, blood transcriptomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics will be performed. DISCUSSION It is expected that the present study will provide valuable insights into predicting pregnancy complications and neonatal health outcomes. Those include whether specific microbial and/or epigenomics signatures, immune profiles are associated with a healthy pregnancy and/or complicated pregnancy and poor neonatal health outcome. Moreover, this non-interventional cohort will also serve as a baseline dataset to understand how familial, socioeconomic, environmental and lifestyle factors interact with genetic determinants to influence health outcomes later in life. These findings will hold promise for the diagnosis and precision-medicine interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Yassin Fagier
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Osman Ortashi
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Anthony Abbas
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Karim Kalache
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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