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Ramteke SM, Walczak M, De Stefano M, Ruggiero A, Rosenkranz A, Marian M. 2D materials for Tribo-corrosion and -oxidation protection: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 331:103243. [PMID: 38924802 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The recent rise of 2D materials has extended the opportunities of tuning a variety of properties. Tribo-corrosion, the complex synergy between mechanical wear and chemical corrosion, poses significant challenges across numerous industries where materials are subjected to both tribological stressing and corrosive environments. This intricate interplay often leads to accelerated material degradation and failure. This review critically assesses the current state of utilizing 2D nanomaterials to enhance tribo-corrosion and -oxidation behavior. The paper summarizes the fundamental knowledge about tribo-corrosion and -oxidation mechanisms before assessing the key contributions of 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal chalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, MXenes, and black phosphorous, regarding the resulting friction and wear behavior. The protective roles of these nanomaterials against corrosion and oxidation are investigated, highlighting their potential in mitigating material degradation. Furthermore, we delve into the nuanced interplay between mechanical and corrosive factors in the specific application of 2D materials for tribo-corrosion and -oxidation protection. The synthesis of key findings underscores the advancements achieved through integrating 2D nanomaterials. An outlook for future research directions is provided, identifying unexplored avenues, and proposing strategies to propel the field forward. This analysis aims at guiding future investigations and developments at the dynamic intersection of 2D nanomaterials, tribo-corrosion, and -oxidation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangharatna M Ramteke
- Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Magdalena Walczak
- Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Green Ammonia (MIGA), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Marco De Stefano
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Ruggiero
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Andreas Rosenkranz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials (FCFM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Nuclei of Advanced MXenes for Sustainable Applications (AMXSA), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Max Marian
- Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Machine Design and Tribology (IMKT), Leibniz University Hannover, Garbsen, Germany.
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Elhmali HT, Stajcic I, Stajcic A, Pesic I, Jovanovic M, Petrovic M, Radojevic V. Influence of Novel SrTiO 3/MnO 2 Hybrid Nanoparticles on Poly(methyl methacrylate) Thermal and Mechanical Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:278. [PMID: 38276687 PMCID: PMC10820619 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
While dental poly methyl methacrylate(PMMA) possesses distinctive qualities such as ease of fabrication, cost-effectiveness, and favorable physical and mechanical properties, these attributes alone are inadequate to impart the necessary impact strength and hardness. Consequently, pure PMMA is less suitable for dental applications. This research focused on the incorporation of Strontium titanate (SrTiO3-STO) and hybrid filler STO/Manganese oxide (MnO2) to improve impact resistance and hardness. The potential of STO in reinforcing PMMA is poorly investigated, while hybrid filler STO/MnO2 has not been presented yet. Differential scanning calorimetry is conducted in order to investigate the agglomeration influence on the PMMA glass transition temperature (Tg), as well as the leaching of residual monomer and volatile additives that could pose a threat to human health. It has been determined that agglomeration with 1 wt% loading had no influence on Tg, while the first scan revealed differences in evaporation of small molecules, in favor of composite PMMA-STO/MnO2, which showed the trapping potential of volatiles. Investigations of mechanical properties have revealed the significant influence of hybrid STO/MnO2 filler on microhardness and total absorbed impact energy, which were increased by 89.9% and 145.4%, respectively. Results presented in this study revealed the reinforcing potential of hybrid nanoparticles that could find application in other polymers as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Taher Elhmali
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (H.T.E.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (V.R.)
| | - Ivana Stajcic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, “Vinča” Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Stajcic
- Center for Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Ivan Pesic
- Center for Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Marija Jovanovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (H.T.E.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (V.R.)
| | - Milos Petrovic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (H.T.E.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (V.R.)
| | - Vesna Radojevic
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (H.T.E.); (M.J.); (M.P.); (V.R.)
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Bin-Jardan LI, Almadani DI, Almutairi LS, Almoabid HA, Alessa MA, Almulhim KS, AlSheikh RN, Al-Dulaijan YA, Ibrahim MS, Al-Zain AO, Balhaddad AA. Inorganic Compounds as Remineralizing Fillers in Dental Restorative Materials: Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098295. [PMID: 37176004 PMCID: PMC10179470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary caries is one of the leading causes of resin-based dental restoration failure. It is initiated at the interface of an existing restoration and the restored tooth surface. It is mainly caused by an imbalance between two processes of mineral loss (demineralization) and mineral gain (remineralization). A plethora of evidence has explored incorporating several bioactive compounds into resin-based materials to prevent bacterial biofilm attachment and the onset of the disease. In this review, the most recent advances in the design of remineralizing compounds and their functionalization to different resin-based materials' formulations were overviewed. Inorganic compounds, such as nano-sized amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP), calcium fluoride (CaF2), bioactive glass (BAG), hydroxyapatite (HA), fluorapatite (FA), and boron nitride (BN), displayed promising results concerning remineralization, and direct and indirect impact on biofilm growth. The effects of these compounds varied based on these compounds' structure, the incorporated amount or percentage, and the intended clinical application. The remineralizing effects were presented as direct effects, such as an increase in the mineral content of the dental tissue, or indirect effects, such as an increase in the pH around the material. In some of the reported investigations, inorganic remineralizing compounds were combined with other bioactive agents, such as quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), to maximize the remineralization outcomes and the antibacterial action against the cariogenic biofilms. The reviewed literature was mainly based on laboratory studies, highlighting the need to shift more toward testing the performance of these remineralizing compounds in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Ibraheem Bin-Jardan
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Ibrahim Almadani
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leen Saleh Almutairi
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadi A Almoabid
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alessa
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Almulhim
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha N AlSheikh
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousif A Al-Dulaijan
- Department of Substitute Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria S Ibrahim
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan O Al-Zain
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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Kong X, Han Q, Jiang A, Wang Y, Li R, Wang Y, Xiao S, Wei R, Ma Y. BNN/TiO 2 nanocomposite system-modified dental flow resins and the mechanism of the enhancement of mechanical and antibacterial properties. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2775-2786. [PMID: 36825578 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01848a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Robust and antibacterial dental resins are essential for repairing the shape and function of the teeth. However, an ingenious way to achieve a synergistic enhancement of these two properties is still lacking. In this work, guided by molecular dynamics (MD) calculations, a boron nitride nanosheet (BNN)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocomposite system was synthesized and used to modify the dental flow resin to enhance its mechanical and antimicrobial properties. The mechanical and antimicrobial enhancement mechanisms were further explored. The modified resin demonstrated outstanding performance improvement with 88.23%, 58.47%, 82.01%, and 55.06% improvement in compressive strength (CS), microhardness (MH), flexural strength (FS), and elastic modulus (EM), respectively. Moreover, the modified resin could effectively inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) regardless of aging in water and the inhibition rates were more than 90%. In conclusion, the modified resin is expected to be an ideal restorative material for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzi Kong
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Qize Han
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Axue Jiang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Yurui Wang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Ruizhi Li
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Yuting Wang
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Shengjie Xiao
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Rong Wei
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Yu Ma
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Alansy AS, Saeed TA, Al-Attab R, Guo Y, Yang Y, Liu B, Fan Z. Boron nitride nanosheets modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles as novel fillers of dental resin composite. Dent Mater 2022; 38:e266-e274. [PMID: 36058721 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to synthesize boron nitride nanosheets modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles (BNNSs/ZnO) and incorporate them as a novel inorganic filler to get an antibacterial dental resin composite. METHODS The BNNSs/ZnO nanocomposites were synthesized via the hydrothermal method and characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The BNNSs/ZnO or BNNSs were added into the experimental dental composite with different proportions, respectively. The mechanical and physical properties of the modified dental composite were evaluated. Their antibacterial activities were also assessed by quantitative analysis using Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). RESULTS The BNNSs/ZnO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized, and the growth of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on boron nitride nanosheets was confirmed. The flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM) and the compressive strength (CS) of all modified resin composites showed no change compared to the control group. The curing depth, degree of conversion, water absorption and solubility of the modified composites were still within the clinical requirement. The antibacterial rates of the modified composites were significantly increased compared to the control group, which can reach 98 % when 0.5 % BNNSs/ZnO was added. SIGNIFICANCE The modified dental resin composite with novel BNNSs or BNNSs/ZnO fillers shows significantly high antibacterial activity with suitable physicochemical and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameenah Saad Alansy
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Thekra Ali Saeed
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Reem Al-Attab
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yuqing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yanwei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, PR China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Zengjie Fan
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, Gansu Province, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Mechanical Characterization of Graphene—Hexagonal Boron Nitride-Based Kevlar–Carbon Hybrid Fabric Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132559. [PMID: 35808605 PMCID: PMC9268821 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites have been gaining attention in recent years. The addition of a low content of nanomaterials into the matrix improves mechanical, wear, thermal, electrical, and flame-retardant properties. The present work aimed to investigate the effect of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles on Kevlar and hybrid fiber-reinforced composites (FRP). Composites are fabricated with different filler concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt.% by using a hand layup process. Characterizations like tensile, flexural, hardness, and impact strength were evaluated separately, heat deflection and viscosity properties of the epoxy composites. The dynamic viscosity findings indicated that a higher concentration of filler material resulted in nano-particle agglomeration. Graphene filler showed superior properties when compared to hexagonal boron nitride filler. Graphene showed optimum mechanical properties at 0.3 wt.%, whereas the hBN filler showed optimum properties at 0.5 wt.%. As compared to Kevlar composites, hybrid (carbon–Kevlar) composites significantly improved properties. As compared to graphene-filled composites, hexagonal boron nitride-filled composites increased scratch resistance. Digimat simulations were performed to validate experimental results, and it was observed that hybrid fabric composites exhibited better results when compared to Kevlar composites. The error percentage of all composites are within 10%, and it was concluded that hybrid–graphene fiber composites exhibited superior properties compared to Kevlar composites.
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Bazina L, Bitounis D, Cao X, DeLoid GM, Parviz D, Strano MS, Greg Lin HY, Bell DC, Thrall BD, Demokritou P. Biotransformations and cytotoxicity of eleven graphene and inorganic two-dimensional nanomaterials using simulated digestions coupled with a triculture in vitro model of the human gastrointestinal epithelium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2021; 8:3233-3249. [PMID: 37465590 PMCID: PMC10353755 DOI: 10.1039/d1en00594d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have already made their way into myriad applications and products across multiple industries. However, the potential health risks of exposure to ENMs remain poorly understood. This is particularly true for the emerging class of ENMs know as 2-dimensional nanomaterials (2DNMs), with a thickness of one or a few layers of atoms arranged in a planar structure. Methods The present study assesses the biotransformations and in vitro cytotoxicity in the gastrointestinal tract of 11 2DNMs, namely graphene, graphene oxide (GO), partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), molybdenum disulphide (MoS2), and tungsten disulphide (WS2). The evaluated pristine materials were either readily dispersed in water or dispersed with the use of a surfactant (Na-cholate or PF108). Materials dispersed in a fasting food model (FFM, water) were subjected to simulated 3-phase (oral, gastric, and small intestinal) digestion to replicate the biotransformations that would occur in the GIT after ingestion. A triculture model of small intestinal epithelium was used to assess the effects of the digested products (digestas) on epithelial layer integrity, cytotoxicity, viability, oxidative stress, and initiation of apoptosis. Results Physicochemical characterization of the 2DNMs in FFM dispersions and in small intestinal digestas revealed significant agglomeration by all materials during digestion, most prominently by graphene, which was likely caused by interactions with digestive proteins. Also, MoS2 had dissolved by ~75% by the end of simulated digestion. Other than a low but statistically significant increase in cytotoxicity observed with all inorganic materials and graphene dispersed in PF108, no adverse effects were observed in the exposed tricultures. Conclusions Our results suggest that occasional ingestion of small quantities of 2DNMs may not be highly cytotoxic in a physiologically relevant in vitro model of the intestinal epithelium. Still, their inflammatory or genotoxic potential after short- or long-term ingestion remains unclear and needs to be studied in future in vitro and in vivo studies. These would include studies of effects on co-ingested nutrient digestion and absorption, which have been documented for numerous ingested ENMs, as well as effects on the gut microbiome, which can have important health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Bazina
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School T.H. Chan of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School T.H. Chan of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoqiong Cao
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School T.H. Chan of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Glen M DeLoid
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School T.H. Chan of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dorsa Parviz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hao-Yu Greg Lin
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - David C Bell
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Brian D Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School T.H. Chan of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Zhang Y, Niu H, Liyun W, Wang N, Xu T, Zhou Z, Xie Y, Wang H, He Q, Zhang K, Yao Y. Fabrication of thermally conductive polymer composites based on hexagonal boron nitride: recent progresses and prospects. NANO EXPRESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1088/2632-959x/ac2f09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and its nanomaterials are among the most promising candidates for use in thermal management applications because of their high thermal conductivity, thermal stability, and good electric insulation, and when used as the conductive fillers, they enhance the overall properties of polymer composites. In this review, the basic concepts of h-BN are introduced, followed by the synthesis of BN nanotubes and BN nanosheets. Then, various novel methods to fabricate h-BN polymer composites with improved thermally conductive paths are discussed. They can be classified into two categories: dispersion and compatibility reinforced and structure formation. In addition, the thermal conducting mechanisms of h-BN composites are proposed. Finally, the advantages and limitations of aforementioned strategies are summarized.
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Kaczmarek K, Leniart A, Lapinska B, Skrzypek S, Lukomska-Szymanska M. Selected Spectroscopic Techniques for Surface Analysis of Dental Materials: A Narrative Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2624. [PMID: 34067921 PMCID: PMC8156406 DOI: 10.3390/ma14102624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The presented work focuses on the application of spectroscopic methods, such as Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray spectroscopy, and Mass Spectrometry (MS), which are widely employed in the investigation of the surface properties of dental materials. Examples of the research of materials used as tooth fillings, surface preparation in dental prosthetics, cavity preparation methods and fractographic studies of dental implants are also presented. The cited studies show that the above techniques can be valuable tools as they are expanding the research capabilities of materials used in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaczmarek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrzej Leniart
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Slawomira Skrzypek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, 12 Tamka St., 91-403 Lodz, Poland; (A.L.); (S.S.)
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Zafar MS. Prosthodontic Applications of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): An Update. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2299. [PMID: 33049984 PMCID: PMC7599472 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of polymers are commonly used for various applications in prosthodontics. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used for prosthetic dental applications, including the fabrication of artificial teeth, denture bases, dentures, obturators, orthodontic retainers, temporary or provisional crowns, and for the repair of dental prostheses. Additional dental applications of PMMA include occlusal splints, printed or milled casts, dies for treatment planning, and the embedding of tooth specimens for research purposes. The unique properties of PMMA, such as its low density, aesthetics, cost-effectiveness, ease of manipulation, and tailorable physical and mechanical properties, make it a suitable and popular biomaterial for these dental applications. To further improve the properties (thermal properties, water sorption, solubility, impact strength, flexural strength) of PMMA, several chemical modifications and mechanical reinforcement techniques using various types of fibers, nanoparticles, and nanotubes have been reported recently. The present article comprehensively reviews various aspects and properties of PMMA biomaterials, mainly for prosthodontic applications. In addition, recent updates and modifications to enhance the physical and mechanical properties of PMMA are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Gonçalves NI, Münchow EA, Santos JD, Sato TP, de Oliveira LR, de Arruda Paes-Junior TJ, Bottino MC, Borges ALS. The role of polymeric nanofibers on the mechanical behavior of polymethyl methacrylate resin. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 112:104072. [PMID: 32911228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize and characterize non-woven acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyamide-6 (P6), and polystyrene (PS) nanofibers, and evaluate their effects on the flexural strength and fracture resistance of fiber-modified polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin. ABS, P6, and PS polymer solutions were prepared and electrospun into fiber mats, which were characterized by means of morphological, chemical, physical, and mechanical analyses. The fiber mats were then used to modify a thermally-activated PMMA resin, resulting in four testing groups: one unmodified group (control) and three fiber-modified groups incorporated with ABS, P6, or PS fiber mats. Flexural strength, work of fracture, and fractographic analysis were performed for all groups. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis or ANOVA tests (α = 0.05). The fiber diameter decreased, respectively, as follows: ABS > P6 > PS. Only the P6 fiber mats demonstrated a crystalline structure. Wettability was similar among the distinct fiber mats, although tensile strength was significantly greater for P6, followed by ABS, and then PS mats. Flexural strength of the fiber-modified PMMA resins was similar to the control, except for the weaker P6-based material. The work of fracture seemed to be greater and lower when the P6 and PS fibers were used, respectively. The fiber-modified groups exhibited a rougher pattern in the fractured surfaces when compared to the control, which may suggest that the presence of fibers deviates the direction of crack propagation, making the fracture mechanism of the PMMA resin more dynamic. While the neat PMMA showed a typical brittle response, the fiber-modified PMMA resins demonstrated a ductile response, combined with voids, suggesting large shear deformation during fracture. Altogether, despite the lack of direct reinforcement in the mechanical strength of the PMMA resin, the use of electrospun fibers showed promising application for the improvement of fracture behavior of PMMA resins, turning them into more compliant materials, although this effect may depend on the fiber composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália I Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliseu A Münchow
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica D Santos
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tabata P Sato
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia R de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Alexandre L S Borges
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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