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Hou X, Liu Y, Chen J, Zheng Z, Liu Y, Zhao X, Sun J, Wang X, Li J, Mei S. Experimental Study on the Tridacna squamosa Shell: Distinctive Structure and Mechanical Behavior. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:399-408. [PMID: 36576178 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tridacna squamosa, Lamarck, 1819 (Bivalvia Cardiida Cardiidae, known as the fluted giant clam) is one of the largest-sized bivalve shells, which is equipped with a strong and tough bioceramic shell to effectively protect itself from the attack of predators. To better understand the mechanical defense mechanism, the relationship between the microstructure, composition, and mechanical properties of the Tridacna squamosa shell was investigated. We find that the Tridacna squamosa shell is composed of aragonite CaCO3 and a small portion of organic matter, which are well-arranged, assembling a multiscale, inhomogeneous, and anisotropic structure. Three levels of microstructure units are identified, including the smallest aragonite rods, medium sheets, and block-like lamellae. Such multiscale structures are the main contributor to creating abundant fracture surfaces much larger than the case for single mineral components, leading to multiple toughening mechanisms observed in Vickers indentation experiments, such as pulled-out of mineral platelet and crack deflection. The material inhomogeneity in the cross-sectional direction indicates that the material is stronger at the inner layer than that at the outer layer, which also facilitates an effective defense against the predator attack. This study may provide insights into the design of biomaterials with the desired mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore138632, Singapore
| | - Jiangzhi Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
| | - Zhi Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
| | - Yuegao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Marine Science and Technology, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya572000, China
| | - Jianhui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics & Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Jianbao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, College of materials science, Hainan University, Haikou570228, China
| | - Shenghua Mei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Study under Deep-sea Extreme Conditions, Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, Hainan572000, China
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Zygmuntowicz J, Tomaszewska J, Jeleń J, Piotrkiewicz P, Wachowski M, Torzewski J, Żurowski R. Comprehensive analysis of the microstructure, properties and environmental performance of Al2O3-ZrO2 composites obtained via centrifugal slip casting. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Falkowski P, Zurowski R. Shaping of alumina microbeads by drop-casting of the photopolymerizable suspension into silicone oil and UV curing. Ann Ital Chir 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Żurowski R, Zygmuntowicz J, Piotrkiewicz P, Wachowski M, Szczypiński MM. ZTA Pipes with a Gradient Structure-Effect of the Rheological the Behavior of Ceramic Suspensions on the Gradient Structure and Characterized of the Obtained Products. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237348. [PMID: 34885497 PMCID: PMC8658601 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the verifying the possibility of producing Al2O3-ZrO2 composite pipes with a gradient structure using centrifugal slip casting method. The aim of the research is to define the correlation between the rheological properties of aqueous suspensions of ceramic powders with different solid loading and obtaining the ZrO2 phase gradient in the Al2O3 matrix. Such products, due to their unique properties, can be utilized in the transport of aggressive substances, even in extreme temperature or corrosive conditions. The suspensions and the sintered samples were characterized by: broad rheological analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, stereological analysis and Vickers hardness tests. The study reports on a series of samples produced of ceramic suspensions (70 vol.% Al2O3–30 vol.% ZrO2) differing in the total solid loading in the range of 30–55 vol.%. The results clearly indicate that obtaining the gradient structure of ceramic-ceramic composite pipes is closely related to the rheological properties of the suspensions from which the samples are cast. The phase gradient is obtainable from suspensions 30–40 vol.%, in which the possibility of moving ZrO2 particles relative to the Al2O3 is quite high—these suspensions are characterized by low viscosity and the dominance of viscous over elastic properties (G′ > G″).
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Żurowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (R.Ż.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +48-22-234-5738 (R.Ż.); +48-22-234-81-38 (J.Z.)
| | - Justyna Zygmuntowicz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Wołoska Str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (R.Ż.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +48-22-234-5738 (R.Ż.); +48-22-234-81-38 (J.Z.)
| | - Paulina Piotrkiewicz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Wołoska Str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Wachowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Military University of Technology, gen. S. Kaliskiego 2 Str., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Michał M. Szczypiński
- Department of Material Science, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Liberec, Studenstká 2, 461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic;
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Manufacturing of Al 2O 3/Ni/Ti Composites Enhanced by Intermetallic Phases. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133510. [PMID: 34202430 PMCID: PMC8269515 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ceramic–metal composites in the Al2O3/Ti/Ni system were fabricated using the slip casting method. Two series of composites with 15 vol.% metal content and different solid phase contents were obtained and examined. A proper fabrication process allows obtaining composites enhanced by intermetallic phases. The microstructure of the base powders, slurries, and sintered composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. Analysis of the sedimentation tendency of slurries was carried out. The phase composition of the sintered samples was examined by X-ray diffraction analysis. A monotonic compression test was used to investigate the mechanical properties of the composites. A fractography investigation was also carried out. The research conducted revealed that the slip casting method allows the obtaining of composites enhanced by intermetallic phases (TiNi, Ni3Ti). The results show the correlation between solid-phase content, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the composites.
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