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Ming L, Wu H, Fan Q, Dong Z, Huang J, Xiao Z, Xiao N, Huang H, Liu H, Li Z. Bio-inspired drug delivery systems: A new attempt from bioinspiration to biomedical applications. Int J Pharm 2024; 658:124221. [PMID: 38750980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Natural organisms have evolved sophisticated and multiscale hierarchical structures over time to enable survival. Currently, bionic design is revolutionizing drug delivery systems (DDS), drawing inspiration from the structure and properties of natural organisms that offer new possibilities to overcome the challenges of traditional drug delivery systems. Bionic drug delivery has contributed to a significant improvement in therapeutic outcomes, providing personalized regimens for patients with various diseases and enhancing both their quality of life and drug efficacy. Therefore, it is important to summarize the progress made so far and to discuss the challenges and opportunities for future development. Herein, we review the recent advances in bio-inspired materials, bio-inspired drug vehicles, and drug-loading platforms of biomimetic structures and properties, emphasizing the importance of adapting the structure and function of organisms to meet the needs of drug delivery systems. Finally, we highlight the delivery strategies of bionics in DDS to provide new perspectives and insights into the research and exploration of bionics in DDS. Hopefully, this review will provide future insights into utilizing biologically active vehicles, bio-structures, and bio-functions, leading to better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangshan Ming
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hailian Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qimeng Fan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zishu Dong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Zijian Xiao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hao Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Hakka Medical Resources Branch, College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical, University, Jiangxi, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Hongning Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Zhe Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Amerifar M, Arabnozari H, Shokrzadeh M, Habibi E. Evaluation of antioxidant properties and cytotoxicity of brown algae (nizamuddinia zanardinii) in uterine (hela) and pancreatic cancer cell lines (paca-2). Hum Exp Toxicol 2024; 43:9603271241227228. [PMID: 38238028 DOI: 10.1177/09603271241227228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer and cervical cancer are among the most common cancers. Brown algae have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-fungal, antioxidant, and immune-boosting properties. This study investigated the antioxidant properties and the effect of brown algae extract on pancreatic and uterine cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, Cervical (Hela) and pancreas (Paca-2) cancer cell lines were examined. The algae materials were extracted by sequential maceration method and amount of fucoxanthin content in the sample was determined by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) system. The cytotoxic effect of different concentrations of brown algae was measured by the MTT assay. All statistical calculations for comparing IC50 were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism software. RESULTS the algal sample contained an average of 102.52 ± 0.12 μg of fucoxanthin per 100 g. IC50 for 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging activity for methanolic extract was 2.02 and 11.98 ± 0.13 respectively. Brown algae in all fractions inhibited cell growth and survival. In Hela cell lines, the methanolic extract was the most effective inhibitor, while in Paca cell lines, hexane and methanolic extracts were particularly potent. The methanolic extract was more toxic than other fractions on Hela and Paca cell lines. CONCLUSION This study highlights brown algae extracts strong anticancer effects on uterine and pancreatic cancer cells, suggesting its potential as a natural anticancer drug. Different fractions of the extract showed superior apoptotic and cytotoxic effects, with higher concentrations leading to increased apoptotic effects and reduced survival rates of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Amerifar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hesamoddin Arabnozari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shokrzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Emran Habibi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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3
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Rifna EJ, Rajauria G, Dwivedi M, Tiwari BK. Circular economy approaches for the production of high-value polysaccharides from microalgal biomass grown on industrial fish processing wastewater: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:126887. [PMID: 37709230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of high-strength wastewater from the fish-processing industries, comprising undefined blends of toxic and organic compounds, has always been a subject of great disquiet worldwide. Despite a large number of effluent treatment methodologies known to date, biosorption with the aid of naturally grown microalgae has been recognized recently to possess promising outcomes in eradicating pollutants comprising organic compounds from liquid effluents. Interestingly, the microalgal biomass harvested from phytoremediation of fish effluent was identified to be abundant in bio compounds that exhibited potential application in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and, aquaculture feed, generating a circular economy. In this context, the focus of the review is to emphasize the applications of microalgal species as naturally occurring and zero-cost adsorbents for the elimination of organic contaminants from fish liquid effluents. The summary of the literature encompassed in this work is supposed to benefit the readers to comprehend the primary mechanisms by which microalgae uptakes the organic matter from fish processing effluents and converts them into various biological molecules. From the scientific works assessed through this review, the most promising microalgae species regards to nutrient uptake and removal efficiency from fish effluent, were identified as Chlorella sp. > Spirulina sp. > Scenedesmus sp. The review further revealed supercritical fluid extraction as the robust extraction tool for the extraction of targeted bioproducts from microalgal biomass grown within fish effluents. Eventually, the information presented through this review establishes phytoremediation using microalgal biomass to be a natural cost-effective, sustainable circular bio-economy approach that could be robustly applied for the efficient treatment of wastewater discharged from food processing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Rifna
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Ashtown D15 KN3K, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- Department of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Munster Technological University, Tralee V92 CX88, Co. Kerry, Ireland; School of Microbiology, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, SUSFERM Fermentation Science and Bioprocess Engineering Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Madhuresh Dwivedi
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Brijesh K Tiwari
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Ashtown D15 KN3K, Dublin, Ireland.
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Di Giulio C, Gonzalez Guzman JM, Dutra Gomes JV, Choi YH, Magalhães PO, Fonseca-Bazzo YM, Silveira D, Estrada O. A New Lignan from Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) Demonstrates Vasorelaxant Effects In Vitro. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114256. [PMID: 37298733 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Esquamosan, a new furofuran lignan, has been isolated by bio-guided assays from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Annona squamosa L., and its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Esquamosan inhibited the rat aortic ring contraction evoked by phenylephrine in a concentration-dependent manner and showed an inhibitory effect on vasocontraction of the depolarized aorta with high-concentration potassium. The vasorelaxant effect by esquamosan could be attributed mainly to the inhibition of calcium influx from extracellular space through voltage-dependent calcium channels or receptor-operated Ca2+ channels and also partly mediated through the increased release of NO from endothelial cells. The ability of esquamosan to modify the vascular reactivity of rat aortic rings incubated with high glucose (D-glucose 55 mM) was then evaluated, and this furofuran lignan reverted the endothelium-dependent impairment effect of high glucose in rat aortic rings. The antioxidant capacity of esquamosan was assessed using DPPH and FRAP assays. Esquamosan exhibited a similar antioxidant capacity compared to ascorbic acid, which was used as a positive control. In conclusion, this lignan showed a vasorelaxant effect, free radical scavenging capacity, and potential reductive power, suggesting its potential beneficial use to treat complex cardiometabolic diseases due to free radical-mediated diseases and its calcium antagonist effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Di Giulio
- Centre of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela
| | - Juan Manuel Gonzalez Guzman
- Centre of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela
| | - Joao Victor Dutra Gomes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Federal District, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Young Hae Choi
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pérola O Magalhães
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Federal District, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Yris M Fonseca-Bazzo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Federal District, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Damaris Silveira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Federal District, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Omar Estrada
- Centre of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research, Caracas 1020A, Venezuela
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, Asa Norte, Federal District, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
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Lafeuille B, Tamigneaux É, Berger K, Provencher V, Beaulieu L. Variation of the Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Potential in Edible Macroalga Saccharina latissima Cultivated from Atlantic Canada Subjected to Different Growth and Processing Conditions. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081736. [PMID: 37107531 PMCID: PMC10137355 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae are a new food source in the Western world. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of harvest months and food processing on cultivated Saccharina latissima (S. latissima) from Quebec. Seaweeds were harvested in May and June 2019 and processed by blanching, steaming, and drying with a frozen control condition. The chemical (lipids, proteins, ash, carbohydrates, fibers) and mineral (I, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe) compositions, the potential bioactive compounds (alginates, fucoidans, laminarans, carotenoids, polyphenols) and in vitro antioxidant potential were investigated. The results showed that May specimens were significantly the richest in proteins, ash, I, Fe, and carotenoids, while June macroalgae contained more carbohydrates. The antioxidant potential of water-soluble extracts (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity [ORAC] analysis-625 µg/mL) showed the highest potential in June samples. Interactions between harvested months and processing were demonstrated. The drying process applied in May specimens appeared to preserve more S. latissima quality, whereas blanching and steaming resulted in a leaching of minerals. Losses of carotenoids and polyphenols were observed with heating treatments. Water-soluble extracts of dried May samples showed the highest antioxidant potential (ORAC analysis) compared to other methods. Thus, the drying process used to treat S. latissima harvested in May seems to be the best that should be selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bétina Lafeuille
- Département de Science des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Éric Tamigneaux
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- École des Pêches et de L'aquaculture du Québec, Cégep de la Gaspésie et des Îles, Québec, QC G0C 1V0, Canada
- Merinov, Grande-Rivière, QC G0C 1V0, Canada
| | | | - Véronique Provencher
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- École de Nutrition, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lucie Beaulieu
- Département de Science des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation (FSAA), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Zafar M, Iqbal T, Afsheen S, Iqbal A, Shoukat A. An overview of green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle by using various natural entities. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2023.2165681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zafar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Iqbal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Afsheen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Amina Iqbal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Aleena Shoukat
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
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Eze CN, Onyejiaka CK, Ihim SA, Ayoka TO, Aduba CC, Ndukwe JK, Nwaiwu O, Onyeaka H. Bioactive compounds by microalgae and potentials for the management of some human disease conditions. AIMS Microbiol 2023; 9:55-74. [PMID: 36891530 PMCID: PMC9988413 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2023004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae biomasses are excellent sources of diverse bioactive compounds such as lipids, polysaccharides, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolics and phycobiliproteins. Large-scale production of these bioactive substances would require microalgae cultivation either in open-culture systems or closed-culture systems. Some of these bioactive compounds (such as polysaccharides, phycobiliproteins and lipids) are produced during their active growth phase. They appear to have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidative, anticancer, neuroprotective and chemo-preventive activities. These properties confer on microalgae the potential for use in the treatment and/or management of several neurologic and cell dysfunction-related disease conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), AIDS and COVID-19, as shown in this review. Although several health benefits have been highlighted, there appears to be a consensus in the literature that the field of microalgae is still fledgling, and more research needs to be carried out to ascertain the mechanisms of action that underpin the effectiveness of microalgal compounds. In this review, two biosynthetic pathways were modeled to help elucidate the mode of action of the bioactive compounds from microalgae and their products. These are carotenoid and phycobilin proteins biosynthetic pathways. The education of the public on the importance of microalgae backed with empirical scientific evidence will go a long way to ensure that the benefits from research investigations are quickly rolled out. The potential application of these microalgae to some human disease conditions was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chijioke Nwoye Eze
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria Nsukka
| | | | - Stella Amarachi Ihim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, University of Nigeria Nsukka
| | | | | | - Johnson K Ndukwe
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria Nsukka.,UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, University of Nigeria Nsukka
| | - Ogueri Nwaiwu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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8
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Guo R, Liu T, Guo C, Chen G, Fan J, Zhang Q. Carotenoid biosynthesis is associated with low-temperature adaptation in Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:319. [PMID: 36564716 PMCID: PMC9789556 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low temperatures greatly limit the growth of microorganisms. Low-temperature adaptation in microorganisms involves multiple mechanisms. Carotenoids are naturally occurring lipid-soluble pigments that act as antioxidants and protect cells and tissues from the harmful effects of free radicals and singlet oxygen. However, studies on the regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis at low temperatures in microorganisms are limited. In this study, we investigated the correlation between carotenoids and low-temperature adaptation in the cold-adapted strain of Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae YM25235. RESULTS Carotenoid biosynthesis in YM25235 was inhibited by knocking out the bifunctional lycopene cyclase/phytoene synthase gene (RKCrtYB) using the established CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system based on endogenous U6 promoters. The carotenoids were extracted with acetone, and the content and composition of the carotenoids were analyzed by spectrophotometry and HPLC. Then, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the growth rate in YM25235 were determined at a low temperature. The results indicated that the carotenoid biosynthesis and ROS levels were increased in the YM25235 strain at a low temperature and inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis was associated with higher ROS levels and a significant decrease in the growth rate of YM25235 at a low temperature. CONCLUSIONS The regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis was associated with low-temperature adaptation in YM25235. Our findings provided a strong foundation for conducting further studies on the mechanism by which YM25235 can adapt to low-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- grid.218292.20000 0000 8571 108XFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 China
| | - Tao Liu
- grid.218292.20000 0000 8571 108XFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 China
| | - Caina Guo
- grid.218292.20000 0000 8571 108XFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 China
| | - Gongshui Chen
- grid.218292.20000 0000 8571 108XFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 China
| | - Jingdie Fan
- grid.218292.20000 0000 8571 108XFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 China
| | - Qi Zhang
- grid.218292.20000 0000 8571 108XFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500 China
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9
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Molina GA, González-Reyna MA, Loske AM, Fernández F, Torres-Ortiz DA, Estevez M. Weak shock wave-mediated fucoxanthin extraction from Sargassum spp. and its electrochemical quantification. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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10
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Alsmadi MM, Al-Nemrawi NK, Obaidat R, Abu Alkahsi AE, Korshed KM, Lahlouh IK. Insights into the mapping of green synthesis conditions for ZnO nanoparticles and their toxicokinetics. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1281-1303. [PMID: 36254841 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) has broad medical applications. However, the green synthesis of ZnO NPs involves a wide range of properties requiring optimization. ZnO NPs show toxicity at lower doses. This toxicity is a function of NP properties and pharmacokinetics. Moreover, NP toxicity and pharmacokinetics are affected by the species type and age of the animals tested. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling offers a mechanistic platform to scrutinize the colligative effect of the interplay between these factors, which reduces the need for in vivo studies. This review provides a guide to choosing green synthesis conditions that result in minimal toxicity using a mechanistic tool, namely PBPK modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo'tasem M Alsmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Nusaiba K Al-Nemrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Rana Obaidat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Anwar E Abu Alkahsi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khetam M Korshed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ishraq K Lahlouh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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11
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Longobardi C, Ferrara G, Andretta E, Montagnaro S, Damiano S, Ciarcia R. Ochratoxin A and Kidney Oxidative Stress: The Role of Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine-A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14060398. [PMID: 35737059 PMCID: PMC9231272 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14060398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The problem of residues of toxic contaminants in food products has assumed considerable importance in terms of food safety. Naturally occurring contaminants, such as mycotoxins, are monitored routinely in the agricultural and food industries. Unfortunately, the consequences of the presence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs are evident in livestock farms, where both subacute and chronic effects on animal health are observed and could have non-negligible effects on human health. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common mycotoxin that contaminates food and feeds. Due to its thermal stability, the eradication of OTA from the food chain is very difficult. Consequently, humans and animals are frequently exposed to OTA in daily life. In this review article, we will devote time to highlighting the redox-based nephrotoxicity that occurs during OTA intoxication. In the past few decades, the literature has improved on the main molecules and enzymes involved in the redox signaling pathway as well as on some new antioxidant compounds as therapeutic strategies to counteract oxidative stress. The knowledge shown in this work will address the use of nutraceutical substances as dietary supplements, which would in turn improve the prophylactic and pharmacological treatment of redox-associated kidney diseases during OTA exposure, and will attempt to promote animal feed supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consiglia Longobardi
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Largo Madonna delle Grazie n.1, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gianmarco Ferrara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (G.F.); (E.A.); (S.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (G.F.); (E.A.); (S.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Serena Montagnaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (G.F.); (E.A.); (S.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Sara Damiano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (G.F.); (E.A.); (S.M.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-253-6027
| | - Roberto Ciarcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (G.F.); (E.A.); (S.M.); (R.C.)
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El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed AA, Mohamed HI, Ramadan KMA, Barqawi AA, Mansour AT. Phytochemical and Potential Properties of Seaweeds and Their Recent Applications: A Review. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060342. [PMID: 35736145 PMCID: PMC9227187 DOI: 10.3390/md20060342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since ancient times, seaweeds have been employed as source of highly bioactive secondary metabolites that could act as key medicinal components. Furthermore, research into the biological activity of certain seaweed compounds has progressed significantly, with an emphasis on their composition and application for human and animal nutrition. Seaweeds have many uses: they are consumed as fodder, and have been used in medicines, cosmetics, energy, fertilizers, and industrial agar and alginate biosynthesis. The beneficial effects of seaweed are mostly due to the presence of minerals, vitamins, phenols, polysaccharides, and sterols, as well as several other bioactive compounds. These compounds seem to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, and anti-diabetic activities. Recent advances and limitations for seaweed bioactive as a nutraceutical in terms of bioavailability are explored in order to better comprehend their therapeutic development. To further understand the mechanism of action of seaweed chemicals, more research is needed as is an investigation into their potential usage in pharmaceutical companies and other applications, with the ultimate objective of developing sustainable and healthier products. The objective of this review is to collect information about the role of seaweeds on nutritional, pharmacological, industrial, and biochemical applications, as well as their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (A.A.M.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Amal A. Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24831, Saudi Arabia;
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (A.A.M.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Science Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (A.A.M.); (H.I.M.)
| | - Khaled M. A. Ramadan
- Central Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Aminah A. Barqawi
- Chemistry Department, Al-Leith University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24831, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdallah Tageldein Mansour
- Animal and Fish Production Department, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt
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Total Phenolic Levels, In Vitro Antioxidant Properties, and Fatty Acid Profile of Two Microalgae, Tetraselmis marina Strain IMA043 and Naviculoid Diatom Strain IMA053, Isolated from the North Adriatic Sea. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20030207. [PMID: 35323506 PMCID: PMC8949479 DOI: 10.3390/md20030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This work studied the potential biotechnological applications of a naviculoid diatom (IMA053) and a green microalga (Tetraselmis marina IMA043) isolated from the North Adriatic Sea. Water, methanol, and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts were prepared from microalgae biomass and evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC) and in vitro antioxidant properties. Biomass was profiled for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) composition. The DCM extracts had the highest levels of total phenolics, with values of 40.58 and 86.14 mg GAE/g dry weight (DW in IMA053 and IMA043, respectively). The DCM extracts had a higher radical scavenging activity (RSA) than the water and methanol ones, especially those from IMA043, with RSAs of 99.65% toward 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) at 10 mg/mL, and of 103.43% against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) at 5 mg/mL. The DCM extract of IMA053 displayed relevant copper chelating properties (67.48% at 10 mg/mL), while the highest iron chelating activity was observed in the water extract of the same species (92.05% at 10 mg/mL). Both strains presented a high proportion of saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acids. The results suggested that these microalgae could be further explored as sources of natural antioxidants for the pharmaceutical and food industry and as feedstock for biofuel production.
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Ponte JMS, Seca AML, Barreto MC. Asparagopsis Genus: What We Really Know About Its Biological Activities and Chemical Composition. Molecules 2022; 27:1787. [PMID: 35335151 PMCID: PMC8948725 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the genus Asparagopsis includes only two taxonomically accepted species, the published literature is unanimous about the invasive nature of this genus in different regions of the globe, and about the availability of large amounts of biomass for which it is important to find a commercial application. This review shows that extracts from Asparagospsis species have already been evaluated for antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antifouling, cytotoxic, antimethanogenic and enzyme-inhibitory activity. However, the tables presented herein show, with few exceptions, that the activity level displayed is generally low when compared with positive controls. Studies involving pure compounds being identified in Asparagopsis species are rare. The chemical compositions of most of the evaluated extracts are unknown. At best, the families of the compounds present are suggested. This review also shows that the volatile halogenated compounds, fatty acids and sterols that are biosynthesized by the Asparagopsis species are relatively well known. Many other non-volatile metabolites (halogen compounds, flavonoids, other phenolic compounds) seem to be produced by these species, but their chemical structures and properties haven'been investigated. This shows how much remains to be investigated regarding the secondary-metabolite composition of these species, suggesting further studies following more targeted methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M. S. Ponte
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
| | - Ana M. L. Seca
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Carmo Barreto
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
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Maghraby YR, Farag MA, G Kontominas M, Shakour ZT, Ramadan AR. Nanoencapsulated Extract of a Red Seaweed (Rhodophyta) Species as a Promising Source of Natural Antioxidants. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:6539-6548. [PMID: 35252650 PMCID: PMC8892674 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine seaweed species represent an important source of bioactive compounds possessing antioxidant activity. This study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant capacity of the Jania rubens algal extract by means of two antioxidant assays, i.e., 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. The seaweeds' total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also assayed as markers of antioxidant activity. To identify active agents responsible for the antioxidant activity, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used for comprehensive metabolites characterization. To enhance the Jania rubens efficacy, the extract was nanoencapsulated using an ionic gelation method by means of high-pressure homogenization. The optimum nanoformulation had a particle size of 161 nm, a ζ potential of 31.2 mV, a polydispersity index of 0.211, and entrapment efficiency of 99.7%. The in vitro phytochemicals' release profiles of Jania rubens chitosan nanoparticles in comparison to the concentration of the raw algal extract were studied by the dialysis bag diffusion method revealing that the extract was released in a controlled pattern. The results indicated the potential advantages of the encapsulated Jania rubens extract, with its potent antioxidant activity, for use in different applications where sustained release is useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin R. Maghraby
- Chemistry
Department, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Chemistry
Department, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy
Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | | | - Zeinab T. Shakour
- Pharmacognosy
Department, National Center for Natural
Products Research, Giza 11111, Egypt
| | - Adham R. Ramadan
- Chemistry
Department, The American University in Cairo, AUC Avenue, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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Lomartire S, Gonçalves AMM. An Overview of Potential Seaweed-Derived Bioactive Compounds for Pharmaceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:141. [PMID: 35200670 PMCID: PMC8875101 DOI: 10.3390/md20020141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, seaweeds are widely involved in biotechnological applications. Due to the variety of bioactive compounds in their composition, species of phylum Ochrophyta, class Phaeophyceae, phylum Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta are valuable for the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. Seaweeds have been consumed as whole food since ancient times and used to treat several diseases, even though the mechanisms of action were unknown. During the last decades, research has demonstrated that those unique compounds express beneficial properties for human health. Each compound has peculiar properties (e.g., antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral activities, etc.) that can be exploited to enhance human health. Seaweed's extracted polysaccharides are already involved in the pharmaceutical industry, with the aim of replacing synthetic compounds with components of natural origin. This review aims at a better understanding of the recent uses of algae in drug development, with the scope of replacing synthetic compounds and the multiple biotechnological applications that make up seaweed's potential in industrial companies. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of action of seaweed's compounds and to embrace the use of seaweeds in pharmaceutical companies and other applications, with the final scope being to produce sustainable and healthier products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lomartire
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana M. M. Gonçalves
- University of Coimbra, MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Department of Biology, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Scenedesmus obliquus Microalgae in the Context of Integral Biorefinery Concept. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27020519. [PMID: 35056838 PMCID: PMC8778625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Small-scale photobioreactors (PBRs) in the inoculum stage were designed with internal (red or green) and external white LED light as an initial step of a larger-scale installation aimed at fulfilling the integral biorefinery concept for maximum utilization of microalgal biomass in a multifunctional laboratory. The specific growth rate of Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing biomass for given cultural conditions was analyzed by using MAPLE software. For the determination of total polyphenols, flavonoids, chlorophyll “a” and “b”, carotenoids and lipids, UHPLC-HRMS, ISO-20776/1, ISO-10993-5 and CUPRAC tests were carried out. Under red light growing, a higher content of polyphenols was found, while the green light favoured the flavonoid accumulation in the biomass. Chlorophylls, carotenoids and lipids were in the same order of magnitude in both samples. The dichloromethane extracts obtained from the biomass of each PBR synergistically potentiated at low concentrations (0.01–0.05 mg/mL) the antibacterial activity of penicillin, fluoroquinolones or oregano essential oil against the selected food-borne pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) without showing any in vitro cytotoxicity. Both extracts exhibited good cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity at concentrations above 0.042–0.08 mg/mL. The UHPLC-HRMS analysis revealed that both extracts contained long chain fatty acids and carotenoids thus explaining their antibacterial and antioxidant potential. The applied engineering approach showed a great potential to modify microalgae metabolism for the synthesis of target compounds by S. obliquus with capacity for the development of health-promoting nutraceuticals for poultry farming.
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Anwer SS, Sdiq KH, Muhammad KR, Aladdin LM. Phenolic compound and fatty acid properties of some microalgae species isolated from Erbil City. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e256927. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The total phenolic compound and fatty acid profiles of lipids from microalgae are unique. The present study was designed to investigate aqueous, ethanolic and acetone extracts of several algae (Spirogyra sp., Spirulina sp.,Chlorella sp and Chara sp.) for their antioxidant capacities of the crude extracts and fractions by radical scavenging activity against the stable radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH as well; total phenolic content. The results showed that Spirulina sp. indicated significantly higher total phenolic compound and antioxidant activities compared to the other species (P < 0.05) and acetone extracts showed higher quantity among three extracts. The fatty acids analysis using High performance liquid chromatography –HPLC showed the presence of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid, palmitic acid showed high quantity than other fatty acid classes in all studied algae. This study concluded that high antioxidant capacity of microalgae could be inspected for different industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Anwer
- Hawler Medical University, Iraq; Tishk International University, Iraq
| | - K. H. Sdiq
- Hawler medical University-College of Health Sciences, Iraq
| | - K. R. Muhammad
- Hawler Medical University, Iraq; Gasha Technical Institute, Iraq
| | - L. M. Aladdin
- Hawler medical University-College of Health Sciences, Iraq
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Pradhan B, Bhuyan PP, Patra S, Nayak R, Behera PK, Behera C, Behera AK, Ki JS, Jena M. Beneficial effects of seaweeds and seaweed-derived bioactive compounds: Current evidence and future prospective. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kim SY, Kwon YM, Kim KW, Kim JYH. Exploring the Potential of Nannochloropsis sp. Extract for Cosmeceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120690. [PMID: 34940690 PMCID: PMC8704537 DOI: 10.3390/md19120690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been emerging interest in various natural products with skin protective effects as they are recognized as safe and efficient. Microalgae have developed chemical defense systems to protect themselves against oxidative stress caused by UV radiation by producing various bioactive compounds including a number of secondary metabolites, which have potential for cosmeceutical applications. In addition, microalgae have various advantages as a sustainable source for bioactive compounds with diverse functions due to their rapid growth rate, high productivity, and use of non-arable land. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cosmeceutical potential of ethanol extract from Nannochloropsis sp. G1-5 (NG15) isolated from the southern West Sea of the Republic of Korea. It contained PUFAs (including EPA), carotenoids (astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, β-carotene, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin), and phenolic compounds, which are known to have various skin protective functions. We confirmed that the NG15 extract showed various skin protective functions with low cytotoxicity, specifically anti-melanogenic, antioxidant, skin-moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-wrinkling, and UV protective function, by measuring tyrosinase inhibition activity; melanin content; DPPH radical scavenging activity; expression of HAS-2, MMP-1, and Col1A1 genes; and elastase inhibition activity as well as cell viability after UV exposure. Our results indicated that the NG15 extract has the potential to be used for the development of natural cosmetics with a broad range of skin protective functions.
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Semaida AI, El-Khashab MA, Saber AA, Hassan AI, Elfouly SA. Effects of Sargassum virgatum extracts on the testicular measurements, genomic DNA and antioxidant enzymes in irradiated rats. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:191-204. [PMID: 34694945 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.1998702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are primarily responsible for the development of male infertility after exposure to γ-irradiation. The present work aimed to assess the ameliorative and therapeutic roles of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the edible seaweed Sargassum virgatum (S. virgatum) on spermatogenesis and infertility in γ-irradiated Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Induction of infertility was performed by exposing the rats to 137Cs-gamma rays, using a single dose of 3.5 Gy. γ-irradiated rats were given the S. virgatum ethanolic (S. virgatum-EtOH) and aqueous extracts intraperitoneally on a daily base for two consecutive weeks at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) for each seaweed extract. Morphometric data of the testes, semen quality indices, antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation were assessed. The results obtained were taken during two-time intervals of 15 and 60 days from the commencement of the algal treatments. In vitro antioxidant assays and polyphenolic compounds of S. virgatum were characterized. RESULTS Significant negative changes in the semen quality and morphometric data of the testes, as well as remarkable DNA fragmentation, were detected in the irradiated rats compared to the control. The levels of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH, and GPx) were also significantly diminished. Nonetheless, treatments of γ-irradiated rats with the S. virgatum-EtOH and aqueous extracts significantly improved the above-mentioned enzymes, in addition to noteworthy amendments in the dimensions of the testes, the semen quality, as well as the DNA structure. CONCLUSIONS The ameliorative potency of S. virgatum to cure γ-irradiation-induced male infertility, particularly 400 mg/kg ethanolic extract for 60 days, is the result of the consistent therapeutic interventions of its potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic polyphenols, particularly protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, rosmarinic, chlorogenic, cinnamic and gentisic acids, as well as the flavonoids catechin, hesperidin, rutin and quercetin. Besides its high-value nutraceutical importance, S. virgatum could be a natural candidate for developing well-accepted radioprotectant products capable of treating γ-irradiation-induced male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Semaida
- Department of Animal Production (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mona A El-Khashab
- Department of Animal Production (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Abdullah A Saber
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal I Hassan
- Department of Radioisotopes, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shady A Elfouly
- Department of Radioisotopes, Nuclear Research Centre, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Ulagesan S, Nam TJ, Choi YH. Extraction and Purification of R-Phycoerythrin Alpha Subunit from the Marine Red Algae Pyropia Yezoensis and Its Biological Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216479. [PMID: 34770894 PMCID: PMC8587297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phycoerythrin is a major light-harvesting pigment of red algae and cyanobacteria that is widely used as a fluorescent probe or as a colorant in the food and cosmetic industries. In this study, phycoerythrin was extracted from the red algae Pyropia yezoensis and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and various chromatography methods. The purified phycoerythrin was analyzed by UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. The isolated pigment had the typical spectrum of R-phycoerythrin, with a trimmer state with absorbance maxima at 497, 536, and 565 nm. It was further purified and identified by LC-MS/MS and Mascot search. It showed a 100% sequence similarity with the R-phycoerythrin alpha subunit of Pyropia yezoensis. The molecular mass was 17.97 kDa. The antioxidant activity of the purified R-phycoerythrin alpha subunit was analyzed. It showed significant antioxidant activity in ABTS and FRAP assays and had significant cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumari Ulagesan
- Department of Marine Bio-Materials & Aquaculture, Pukyong National University, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Taek-Jeong Nam
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Gijang-gun, Busan 46041, Korea;
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Marine Bio-Materials & Aquaculture, Pukyong National University, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Korea;
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, Pukyong National University, Gijang-gun, Busan 46041, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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Seasonal Nutritional Profile of Gelidium corneum (Rhodophyta, Gelidiaceae) from the Center of Portugal. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102394. [PMID: 34681442 PMCID: PMC8536063 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelidium corneum is a well-known agarophyte, harvested worldwide for its high agar quality. However, the species also exhibits an interesting nutritional profile, but with seasonal variations. Therefore, to evaluate the nutritional value of G. corneum, ash, crude protein, total lipids, and carbohydrates were analyzed at different times of the year. The heavy metals mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and tin, as well as iodine were also measured. Finally, the seasonal antioxidant capacity of G. corneum extracts was evaluated. Our results indicate that the biomass is rich in protein (up to 16.25 ± 0.33%) and carbohydrates (up to 39.5 ± 3.29%), and low in lipids (up to 2.75 ± 0.28%), and especially in the summer, the AI, TI indexes, n-6/n-3 and h/H ratios (0.93, 0.6, 0.88 and 1.08, respectively) are very interesting. None of the contaminants exceeded the legally established limits, and the iodine values were adequate for a healthy diet. Finally, the antioxidant capacity is fair, with the DPPH ≤ 10.89 ± 1.46%, and ABTS ≤ 13.90 ± 1.54% inhibition, FRAP ≤ 0.91 ± 0.22 AAE.g−1, and TPC ≤ 6.82 ± 0.26 GAE.g−1. The results show that G. corneum is an attractive resource, with potential use as food or as a food supplement.
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Tziveleka LA, Tammam MA, Tzakou O, Roussis V, Ioannou E. Metabolites with Antioxidant Activity from Marine Macroalgae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1431. [PMID: 34573063 PMCID: PMC8470618 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack biological molecules, such as lipids, proteins, enzymes, DNA, and RNA, causing cellular and tissue damage. Hence, the disturbance of cellular antioxidant homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and the onset of a plethora of diseases. Macroalgae, growing in stressful conditions under intense exposure to UV radiation, have developed protective mechanisms and have been recognized as an important source of secondary metabolites and macromolecules with antioxidant activity. In parallel, the fact that many algae can be cultivated in coastal areas ensures the provision of sufficient quantities of fine chemicals and biopolymers for commercial utilization, rendering them a viable source of antioxidants. This review focuses on the progress made concerning the discovery of antioxidant compounds derived from marine macroalgae, covering the literature up to December 2020. The present report presents the antioxidant potential and biogenetic origin of 301 macroalgal metabolites, categorized according to their chemical classes, highlighting the mechanisms of antioxidative action when known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Mohamed A. Tammam
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Olga Tzakou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
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Begum R, Howlader S, Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM, Rafiquzzaman SM, Ashraf GM, Albadrani GM, Sayed AA, Peluso I, Abdel-Daim MM, Uddin MS. Antioxidant and Signal-Modulating Effects of Brown Seaweed-Derived Compounds against Oxidative Stress-Associated Pathology. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9974890. [PMID: 34336128 PMCID: PMC8289617 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9974890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The biological and therapeutic properties of seaweeds have already been well known. Several studies showed that among the various natural marine sources of antioxidants, seaweeds have become a potential source of antioxidants because of their bioactive compounds. Most of the metabolic diseases are caused by oxidative stress. It is very well known that antioxidants have a pivotal role in the treatment of those diseases. Recent researches have revealed the potential activity of seaweeds as complementary medicine, which have therapeutic properties for health and disease management. Among the seaweeds, brown seaweeds (Phaeophyta) and their derived bioactive substances showed excellent antioxidant properties than other seaweeds. This review focuses on brown seaweeds and their derived major bioactive compounds such as sulfated polysaccharide, polyphenol, carotenoid, and sterol antioxidant effects and molecular mechanisms in the case of the oxidative stress-originated disease. Antioxidants have a potential role in the modification of stress-induced signaling pathways along with the activation of the oxidative defensive pathways. This review would help to provide the basis for further studies to researchers on the potential antioxidant role in the field of medical health care and future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahima Begum
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Saurav Howlader
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaco Genomics Research Centre (PGRC), Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - A. N. M. Mamun-Or-Rashid
- Anti-Aging Medical Research Center and Glycative Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0394, Japan
| | - S. M. Rafiquzzaman
- Department of Fisheries Biology & Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer M. Albadrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany A. Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ilaria Peluso
- Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-AN), 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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El-SHEEKH MM, EL-SHENODY RAEK, BASES EA, EL SHAFAY SM. Comparative assessment of antioxidant activity and biochemical composition of four seaweeds, Rocky Bay of Abu Qir in Alexandria, Egypt. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Alam MA, Parra-Saldivar R, Bilal M, Afroze CA, Ahmed MN, Iqbal HM, Xu J. Algae-Derived Bioactive Molecules for the Potential Treatment of SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2021; 26:2134. [PMID: 33917694 PMCID: PMC8068085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently emerged COVID-19 disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has adversely affected the whole world. As a significant public health threat, it has spread worldwide. Scientists and global health experts are collaborating to find and execute speedy diagnostics, robust and highly effective vaccines, and therapeutic techniques to tackle COVID-19. The ocean is an immense source of biologically active molecules and/or compounds with antiviral-associated biopharmaceutical and immunostimulatory attributes. Some specific algae-derived molecules can be used to produce antibodies and vaccines to treat the COVID-19 disease. Algae have successfully synthesized several metabolites as natural defense compounds that enable them to survive under extreme environments. Several algae-derived bioactive molecules and/or compounds can be used against many diseases, including microbial and viral infections. Moreover, some algae species can also improve immunity and suppress human viral activity. Therefore, they may be recommended for use as a preventive remedy against COVID-19. Considering the above critiques and unique attributes, herein, we aimed to systematically assess algae-derived, biologically active molecules that could be used against this disease by looking at their natural sources, mechanisms of action, and prior pharmacological uses. This review also serves as a starting point for this research area to accelerate the establishment of anti-SARS-CoV-2 bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Asraful Alam
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | | | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China;
| | - Chowdhury Alfi Afroze
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Nasir Ahmed
- Biotechnology & Natural Medicine Division, TechB Nutrigenomics, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh;
| | - Hafiz M.N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Jingliang Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
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Hamiche S, Bensouici C, Messaoudi A, Gali L, Khelouia L, Rateb ME, Akkal S, Badis A, Hattab ME. Antioxidant and structure–activity relationship of acylphloroglucinol derivatives from the brown alga Zonaria tournefortii. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Effects of algae subtype and extraction condition on extracted fucoxanthin antioxidant property: A 20-year meta-analysis. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Liu X, Wang J, Huang YW. Quantifying the effect of nano-TiO 2 on the toxicity of lead on C. dubia using a two-compartment modeling approach. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127958. [PMID: 32835977 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) can significantly influence toxicity imposed by toxic metals. However, this impact has not been quantified. In this research, we investigated the effect of nano-TiO2 on lead (Pb) accumulation and the resultant toxicity using water flea Ceriodaphnia dubia (C. dubia) as the testing organism. We used a two-compartment modeling approach, which included a two-compartment accumulation model and a toxicodynamic model, on the basis of Pb body tissue accumulation, to quantify the impact of nano-TiO2 on Pb toxicity. The effect of algae on the combined toxicity of Pb and nano-TiO2 was also quantified. The two-compartment accumulation model could well quantify Pb accumulation kinetics in two-compartments of C. dubia, the gut and the rest of the body tissue in the presence of nano-TiO2. Modeling results suggested that the gut quickly accumulates Pb through active uptake from the mouth, but the rest of the body tissue slowly accumulates Pb from the gut. The predicted Pb distribution within C. dubia was verified by depuration modeling results from an independent depuration test. The survivorship of C. dubia as a function of Pb accumulated in the body tissue and exposure time can be well described using a toxicodynamic model. The effects of algae on Pb accumulation in different compartments of C. dubia and the toxicity in the presence of nano-TiO2 were also well described using the two-compartment modeling approach. Therefore, the novel two-compartment modeling approach provides a useful tool for assessing the effect of NPs on aquatic ecosystems where toxic metals are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Liu
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, United States
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, United States; The Center for Research in Energy and Environment (CREE), Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, United States.
| | - Yue-Wern Huang
- The Center for Research in Energy and Environment (CREE), Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65409, United States
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Cyanobacteria and Red Macroalgae as Potential Sources of Antioxidants and UV Radiation-Absorbing Compounds for Cosmeceutical Applications. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120659. [PMID: 33371308 PMCID: PMC7767163 DOI: 10.3390/md18120659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, research on natural products has gained considerable attention, particularly in the cosmetic industry, which is looking for new bio-active and biodegradable molecules. In this study, cosmetic properties of cyanobacteria and red macroalgae were analyzed. The extractions were conducted in different solvents (water, ethanol and two combinations of water:ethanol). The main molecules with antioxidant and photoprotective capacity were mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), scytonemin and phenolic compounds. The highest contents of scytonemin (only present in cyanobacteria) were observed in Scytonema sp. (BEA 1603B) and Lyngbya sp. (BEA 1328B). The highest concentrations of MAAs were found in the red macroalgae Porphyra umbilicalis, Gelidium corneum and Osmundea pinnatifida and in the cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. Scytonema sp. was the unique species that presented an MAA with maximum absorption in the UV-B band, being identified as mycosporine-glutaminol for the first time in this species. The highest content of polyphenols was observed in Scytonema sp. and P. umbilicalis. Water was the best extraction solvent for MAAs and phenols, whereas scytonemin was better extracted in a less polar solvent such as ethanol:dH2O (4:1). Cyanobacterium extracts presented higher antioxidant activity than those of red macroalgae. Positive correlations of antioxidant activity with different molecules, especially polyphenols, biliproteins and MAAs, were observed. Hydroethanolic extracts of some species incorporated in creams showed an increase in the photoprotection capacity in comparison with the base cream. Extracts of these organisms could be used as natural photoprotectors improving the diversity of sunscreens. The combination of different extracts enriched in scytonemin and MAAs could be useful to design broad-band natural UV-screen cosmeceutical products.
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Vasanthi C, Appa Rao V, Narendra Babu R, Sriram P, Karunakaran R. In‐vitro antioxidant activities of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of
Sargassum species
—Indian brown seaweed. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chandrasekar Vasanthi
- Department of Livestock Products Technology (Meat Science) Madras Veterinary CollegeTamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chennai India
| | - Velluru Appa Rao
- College of Food and Dairy Technology Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chennai India
| | - Ravindran Narendra Babu
- Department of Livestock Products Technology (Meat Science) Madras Veterinary CollegeTamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chennai India
| | - Padmanaban Sriram
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Madras Veterinary CollegeTamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chennai India
| | - Raman Karunakaran
- Department of Animal Nutrition Madras Veterinary CollegeTamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chennai India
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Rodrigues S, Harb TB, Falcão EPDS, Pereira SMB, Chow F. Antioxidant Activity of Dictyotales from Tropical Reefs of Brazil. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:665-679. [PMID: 32507934 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Macroalgae produce a large range of primary and secondary metabolites with ecological and economical importance. Studies on antioxidants from marine algae have increased notably, focusing on searching new sources of natural compounds for different applications, in which tropical species have been shown to have high potential, often improved by stressful environmental conditions during the tide cycle with periods of emersion and submersion. Therefore, in order to characterize the antioxidant activity and relate it to local environmental tide exposure, three species of brown marine algae, Canistrocarpus cervicornis, Dictyopteris delicatula, and Lobophora variegata from two beaches on the northeast coast of Brazil were studied. Dichloromethane:methanol (DCM:M) and aqueous extracts were tested for ferric reducing antioxidant power, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) antioxidant assays and total phenolic compounds. Aqueous extracts of C. cervicornis showed up to 10 times major antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds than DCM:M extracts. Different characteristic of antioxidant activity were identified among the beaches, species, and extracts, in which aqueous extracts from C. cervicornis and L. variegata showed the most promising matrices for future prospection of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Botany, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil.
| | - Talissa Barroco Harb
- Department of Botany, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Emerson Peter da Silva Falcão
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Alto do Reservatório, s/n, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 55608-680, Brazil
| | - Sonia Maria Barreto Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Botany, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Fungyi Chow
- Department of Botany, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
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Trentin R, Custódio L, Rodrigues MJ, Moschin E, Sciuto K, da Silva JP, Moro I. Exploring Ulva australis Areschoug for possible biotechnological applications: In vitro antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory properties, and fatty acids contents. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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36
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Zhong B, Robinson NA, Warner RD, Barrow CJ, Dunshea FR, Suleria HA. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Characterization of Seaweed Phenolics and Their Antioxidant Potential. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E331. [PMID: 32599953 PMCID: PMC7344666 DOI: 10.3390/md18060331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed is an important food widely consumed in Asian countries. Seaweed has a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber, carbohydrate, protein, fatty acid, minerals and polyphenols, which contribute to the health benefits and commercial value of seaweed. Nevertheless, detailed information on polyphenol content in seaweeds is still limited. Therefore, the present work aimed to investigate the phenolic compounds present in eight seaweeds [Chlorophyta (green), Ulva sp., Caulerpa sp. and Codium sp.; Rhodophyta (red), Dasya sp., Grateloupia sp. and Centroceras sp.; Ochrophyta (brown), Ecklonia sp., Sargassum sp.], using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS). The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total tannin content (TTC) were determined. The antioxidant potential of seaweed was assessed using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, a 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging assay and a ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Brown seaweed species showed the highest total polyphenol content, which correlated with the highest antioxidant potential. The LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS tentatively identified a total of 54 phenolic compounds present in the eight seaweeds. The largest number of phenolic compounds were present in Centroceras sp. followed by Ecklonia sp. and Caulerpa sp. Using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) quantification, the most abundant phenolic compound was p-hydroxybenzoic acid, present in Ulva sp. at 846.083 ± 0.02 μg/g fresh weight. The results obtained indicate the importance of seaweed as a promising source of polyphenols with antioxidant properties, consistent with the health potential of seaweed in food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biming Zhong
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (B.Z.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Nicholas A. Robinson
- Sustainable Aquaculture Laboratory-Temperate and Tropical (SALTT), School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (Nofima), NO-1431 Ås, Norway
| | - Robyn D. Warner
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (B.Z.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3217, Australia;
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (B.Z.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
| | - Hafiz A.R. Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (B.Z.); (R.D.W.); (F.R.D.)
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3217, Australia;
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Thiyagarasaiyar K, Goh BH, Jeon YJ, Yow YY. Algae Metabolites in Cosmeceutical: An Overview of Current Applications and Challenges. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E323. [PMID: 32575468 PMCID: PMC7344841 DOI: 10.3390/md18060323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmetics are widely used by people around the world to protect the skin from external stimuli. Consumer preference towards natural cosmetic products has increased as the synthetic cosmetic products caused adverse side effects and resulted in low absorption rate due to the chemicals' larger molecular size. The cosmetic industry uses the term "cosmeceutical", referring to a cosmetic product that is claimed to have medicinal or drug-like benefits. Marine algae have gained tremendous attention in cosmeceuticals. They are one of the richest marine resources considered safe and possessed negligible cytotoxicity effects on humans. Marine algae are rich in bioactive substances that have shown to exhibit strong benefits to the skin, particularly in overcoming rashes, pigmentation, aging, and cancer. The current review provides a detailed survey of the literature on cosmeceutical potentials and applications of algae as skin whitening, anti-aging, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and antimicrobial agents. The biological functions of algae and the underlying mechanisms of all these activities are included in this review. In addition, the challenges of using algae in cosmeceutical applications, such as the effectiveness of different extraction methods and processing, quality assurance, and regulations concerning extracts of algae in this sector were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnapriya Thiyagarasaiyar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China;
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Health and Well-Being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21) Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science & Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
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Bhardwaj M, Sali VK, Mani S, Vasanthi HR. Neophytadiene from Turbinaria ornata Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Sprague Dawley Rats. Inflammation 2020; 43:937-950. [PMID: 31981060 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the mode of action of Neophytadiene (MT), a molecule isolated from a marine algae Turbinaria ornata in LPS-induced inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Neophytadiene (25, 50, 100 μM/mL) was treated to LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages cells to identify its anti-inflammatory potential by measuring the level of tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nitric oxide (NO) using Griess reagent. The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL-6 and IL-10), and the protein expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were quantified by Western blot analysis. Subsequently, Neophytadiene (12, 25, 50 mg/kg b.wt/p.o) was pre-treated for 7 days to the experimental animals followed by LPS (10 mg/kg) injection interaperitonially. After LPS induction, blood was collected and the haematological parameters were analysed followed by isolation of heart tissue for biochemical molecular and histopathological analysis Neophytadiene significantly inhibited the NO production and inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 both in in vitro and in vivo conditions. Further, the expression of TNF-α, IL1β, NF-κB, iNOS, PI3k/Akt and MAPK in the heart tissue was modulated by Neophytadiene significantly confirming the anti-inflammatory potential. Thus, the effect of Neophytadiene on LPS-induced cardiac injury can be attributed to its anti-inflammatory antioxidant and cardioprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Veeresh Kumar Sali
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Sugumar Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Hannah R Vasanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Jayawardena TU, Wang L, Sanjeewa KKA, Kang SI, Lee JS, Jeon YJ. Antioxidant Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Padina boryana; Protective Effect against Oxidative Stress in In Vitro and In Vivo Zebrafish Model. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E212. [PMID: 32295194 PMCID: PMC7230202 DOI: 10.3390/md18040212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage the internal cell components. Padina boryana, a brown alga from the Maldives, was subjected to polysaccharide extraction. The Celluclast enzyme assisted extract (PBE) and ethanol precipitation (PBP) of P. boryana were assessed against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cell damage and zebra fish models. PBP which contains the majority of sulfated polysaccharides based on fucoidan, showed outstanding extracellular ROS scavenging potential against H2O2. PBP significantly declined the intracellular ROS levels, and exhibited protection against apoptosis. The study revealed PBPs' ability to activate the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, consequently initiating downstream elements such that catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Further, ROS levels, lipid peroxidation values in zebrafish studies were declined with the pre-treatment of PBP. Collectively, the results obtained in the study suggest the polysaccharides from P. boryana might be a potent source of water soluble natural antioxidants that could be sustainably utilized in the industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilina U. Jayawardena
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (L.W.); (K.K.A.S.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (L.W.); (K.K.A.S.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Korea
| | - K. K. Asanka Sanjeewa
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (L.W.); (K.K.A.S.)
| | - Sang In Kang
- Department of Seafood and Aquaculture Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea;
| | - Jung-Suck Lee
- Research Center for Industrial Development of Seafood, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; (T.U.J.); (L.W.); (K.K.A.S.)
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province 63333, Korea
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Al-Malki AL. In vitro cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic activity of phycocyanin nanoparticles from Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) algae. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:894-898. [PMID: 32127768 PMCID: PMC7042622 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the in vitro antioxidant, proapoptotic and anti-proliferative activity of phycocyanin extracted from Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) algae extract loaded on albumin nanoparticle (ULANP). The characterization of ULANP profile was done by using FTIR and its cytotoxicity was investigated by using MTT assay against HepG2 and MCF7 cell lines. The proapoptotic markers caspase 8 & 9 were measured. Analysis of ULANP by FTIR showed the characteristic band (2100 cm−1 ~3700 cm−1) that is indicated primarily by —COO, —CO and conjugated double bond. These bonds showed the spectral band at peaks of 2985 cm−1 and 2860 cm−1, 2986 cm−1 respectively. The antioxidant potential and radical scavenging property of ULANP was also appreciable as compared to the vitamin C and gallic acid. The antiproliferative assay carried out by WST-1 suggests that ULANP was effective against both HepG2 (93.17%) and MCF7 (91.3%). Caspase-8 and −9 were significantly elevated (p < 0.001) in both the cell lines of breast and liver cancer. It was concluded that ULANP induced anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities on liver and breast cancer. It is promising as a novel antitumor activity for further investigation the mechanistic pathways mediated this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman L Al-Malki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, KAU, Saudi Arabia.,Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, KAU, Saudi Arabia
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Macroalgae as a Valuable Source of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Compounds for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110609. [PMID: 31731422 PMCID: PMC6891758 DOI: 10.3390/md17110609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that affects mostly aged individuals. Evidence suggests that pathological mechanisms involved in the development of AD are associated with cholinergic deficit, glutamate excitotoxicity, beta-amyloid aggregation, tau phosphorylation, neuro-inflammation, and oxidative damage to neurons. Currently there is no cure for AD; however, synthetic therapies have been developed to effectively manage some of the symptoms at the early stage of the disease. Natural products from plants and marine organisms have been identified as important sources of bioactive compounds with neuroprotective potentials and less adverse effects compared to synthetic agents. Seaweeds contain several kinds of secondary metabolites such as phlorotannins, carotenoids, sterols, fucoidans, and poly unsaturated fatty acids. However, their neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of action have not been fully explored. This review discusses recent investigations and/or updates on interactions of bioactive compounds from seaweeds with biomarkers involved in the pathogenesis of AD using reports in electronic databases such as Web of science, Scopus, PubMed, Science direct, Scifinder, Taylor and Francis, Wiley, Springer, and Google scholar between 2015 and 2019. Phlorotannins, fucoidans, sterols, and carotenoids showed strong neuroprotective potentials in different experimental models. However, there are no data from human studies and/or clinical trials.
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Liu X, Wang J, Huang YW, Kong T. Algae (Raphidocelis) reduce combined toxicity of nano-TiO 2 and lead on C. dubia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 686:246-253. [PMID: 31181512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) often serve as carriers of background toxins and enhance their toxicity on aquatic organisms such as Ceriodaphnia dubia (C. dubia). However, foods, especially algae, are also present in natural water and impacts this type of toxicity. This study investigated the effect of algae on the combined toxicity of nano-TiO2 and lead (Pb). A mixture of yeast-trout chow-cereal leaves (YTC) was also used as another model food. Results indicated that, both algae and YTC significantly reduce the combined toxicity of nano-TiO2 and Pb. Further investigation indicated that the ingestion of algae had minimal impacts on Pb uptake by, Pb depuration from, and Pb distribution within the C. dubia. Therefore, the toxicity reduction from algae ingestion should come from mechanisms other than the change in Pb mass and speciation in C. dubia, which will need future investigation. Nevertheless, the effect of food on the mitigation of combined toxicity of NPs and heavy metals must be considered when assessing the toxicity of nanoparticles in the natural environment because food always exists in natural waterbodies where aquatic organisms grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Liu
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, United States
| | - Jianmin Wang
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, United States.
| | - Yue-Wern Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, United States
| | - Tao Kong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, PR China
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Gomez-Zavaglia A, Prieto Lage MA, Jimenez-Lopez C, Mejuto JC, Simal-Gandara J. The Potential of Seaweeds as a Source of Functional Ingredients of Prebiotic and Antioxidant Value. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090406. [PMID: 31533320 PMCID: PMC6770939 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Two thirds of the world is covered by oceans, whose upper layer is inhabited by algae. This means that there is a large extension to obtain these photoautotrophic organisms. Algae have undergone a boom in recent years, with consequent discoveries and advances in this field. Algae are not only of high ecological value but also of great economic importance. Possible applications of algae are very diverse and include anti-biofilm activity, production of biofuels, bioremediation, as fertilizer, as fish feed, as food or food ingredients, in pharmacology (since they show antioxidant or contraceptive activities), in cosmeceutical formulation, and in such other applications as filters or for obtaining minerals. In this context, algae as food can be of help to maintain or even improve human health, and there is a growing interest in new products called functional foods, which can promote such a healthy state. Therefore, in this search, one of the main areas of research is the extraction and characterization of new natural ingredients with biological activity (e.g., prebiotic and antioxidant) that can contribute to consumers' well-being. The present review shows the results of a bibliographic survey on the chemical composition of macroalgae, together with a critical discussion about their potential as natural sources of new functional ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gomez-Zavaglia
- Center for Research and Development in Food Cryotechnology (CIDCA), CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calle 47 y 116, La Plata, Buenos Aires 1900, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Prieto Lage
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Cecilia Jimenez-Lopez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan C Mejuto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Surface Functionalization of Bioactive Glasses with Polyphenols from Padina pavonica Algae and In Situ Reduction of Silver Ions: Physico-Chemical Characterization and Biological Response. COATINGS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings9060394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are attractive materials for bone replacement due to their tailorable chemical composition that is able to promote bone healing and repair. Accordingly, many attempts have been introduced to further improve BGs’ biological behavior and to protect them from bacterial infection, which is nowadays the primary reason for implant failure. Polyphenols from natural products have been proposed as a novel source of antibacterial agents, whereas silver is a well-known antibacterial agent largely employed due to its broad-ranged activity. Based on these premises, the surface of a bioactive glass (CEL2) was functionalized with polyphenols extracted from the Egyptian algae Padina pavonica and enriched with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using an in situ reduction technique only using algae extract. We analyzed the composite’s morphological and physical-chemical characteristics using FE-SEM, EDS, XPS and Folin–Ciocalteau; all analyses confirmed that both algae polyphenols and AgNPs were successfully loaded together onto the CEL2 surface. Antibacterial analysis revealed that the presence of polyphenols and AgNPs significantly reduced the metabolic activity (>50%) of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in comparison with bare CEL2 controls. Finally, we verified the composite’s cytocompatibility with human osteoblasts progenitors that were selected as representative cells for bone healing advancement.
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Stabili L, Acquaviva MI, Angilè F, Cavallo RA, Cecere E, Del Coco L, Fanizzi FP, Gerardi C, Narracci M, Petrocelli A. Screening of Chaetomorpha linum Lipidic Extract as A New Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060313. [PMID: 31142027 PMCID: PMC6627440 DOI: 10.3390/md17060313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that marine algae represent a great source of natural compounds with several properties. The lipidic extract of the seaweed Chaetomorpha linum (Chlorophyta, Cladophorales), one of the dominant species in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Mediterranean, Ionian Sea), revealed an antibacterial activity against Vibrio ordalii and Vibrio vulnificus, common pathogens in aquaculture, suggesting its potential employment to control fish and shellfish diseases due to vibriosis and to reduce the public health hazards related to antibiotic use in aquaculture. This extract showed also an antioxidant activity, corresponding to 170.960 ± 16. mmol Trolox equivalent/g (oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay-ORAC) and to 30.554 ± 2.30 mmol Trolox equivalent/g (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay-TEAC). The chemical characterization of the extract, performed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, highlighted the presence of free, saturated (SAFAs), unsaturated (UFAs) and polyunsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids. The high content of ω-6 and ω-3 PUFAs confirmed also by gas chromatography indicates the potentiality of this algal species in the production of fortified food. The antibacterial activity seems related to the presence of linolenic acid present at high density, while the antioxidant activity could be likely ascribable to molecules such as carotenoids and chlorophylls (characterized also by thin-layer chromatography), known for this property. The presence of polyhydroxybutyrate, a biopolymer with potentiality in the field of biodegradable bioplastics was also detected. The exploitation of C. linum for a future biotechnological application is also encouraged by the results from a first attempt of cultivating this species in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Stabili
- Institute of Water Research (IRSA) C.N.R, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Federica Angilè
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | | | - Ester Cecere
- Institute of Water Research (IRSA) C.N.R, 74123 Taranto, Italy.
| | - Laura Del Coco
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Science and Biological and Environmental Technologies, University of Salento, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Carmela Gerardi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, U.O.S. di Lecce, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 72100 Lecce, Italy.
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Yan K, Liu Y, Yang Q, Liu W, Guo R, Sui J, Yan Z, Chen J. Evaluation of the novel nanoparticle material - CdSe quantum dots on Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus: Concentration-time-dependent responses. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:728-736. [PMID: 30658309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs), as a kind of novel nanomaterial, have the extensive applications in various fields, inevitably leading to increasing risks for the ecological environment. The mobilization of cadmium including metal smelting and subsequent machining for multifarious applications has caused the release of cadmium element into the environment. In this study, we evaluated the potential toxicity of a novel nanoparticle material CdSe QDs, using two green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus. The impact of CdSe QDs and cadmium ions on algae and the sensitivity of the two algae on target compounds were also considered and compared. Our results showed the algal growth rates and chlorophyll content decreased with increasing exposure concentrations and durations. Moreover, the glutathione levels were decreased while the activities of superoxide dismutase increased, exhibiting their pivotal functions in defeating toxic stress. The increment of malondialdehyde levels revealed that the stresses of CdSe QDs and cadmium ions were contributed to the occurrence of oxidative damage. Our study also indicated that the impact of CdSe QDs was stronger than that of cadmium nitrate and the algal response was also species-specific. In addition, the TEM photographs of the algal ultrastructure showed the presence of surface attachment and uptake of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yan
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine Co., Ltd., 7 Kunlunshan Road, Lianyungang Eco & Tech Development Zone, Lianyungang 222002, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiulian Yang
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Weixia Liu
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinhong Sui
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhengyu Yan
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), Nanjing 210009, China.
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Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer potential of natural bioactive compounds from seaweeds. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-817901-7.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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El-Shenody RA, Ashour M, Ghobara MME. Evaluating the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of three Egyptian seaweeds: Dictyota dichotoma, Turbinaria decurrens, and Laurencia obtusa. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.20318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Seaweeds have a growing number of successful applications in the food industry, medicine and in the cosmetic industry, which increases the importance of evaluating their chemical composition. In the present study, three common Egyptian seaweeds (Dictyota dichotoma, Turbinaria decurrens and Laurencia obtusa) were collected from the Red Sea coast, Suez, Egypt. The chemical profile of the three seaweeds was studied beside the antioxidant activity of their extracts. The results indicated that the amount of carbohydrate was greater than the protein and lipid contents in the three seaweeds, with a natural richness in minerals and antioxidants besides considerable amounts of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, including Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids. All essential amino acids for human were found in the three seaweeds, with significant amounts of aspartic and glutamic acids. Furthermore, the results of the antioxidant activity assays were consistent with the antioxidant contents (phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, vitamin C, carotenoids) of each seaweed. D. dichotoma was the most valuable seaweed of the three species studied, due to its relatively high protein content of 7.28 ± 0.25%, moderate carbohydrate content of 25.35 ± 0.32%, and highest pigment and antioxidant contents. In conclusion, these three seaweeds, especially Dictyota dichotoma, have an interesting chemical composition with a prospective nutritional and pharmaceutical value.
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Bernardini G, Minetti M, Polizzotto G, Biazzo M, Santucci A. Pro-Apoptotic Activity of French Polynesian Padina pavonica Extract on Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E504. [PMID: 30551628 PMCID: PMC6316765 DOI: 10.3390/md16120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, seaweeds and their extracts have attracted great interest in the pharmaceutical industry as a source of bioactive compounds. Studies have demonstrated the cytotoxic activity of macroalgae towards different types of cancer cell models, and their consumption has been suggested as a chemo-preventive agent against several cancers such as breast, cervix and colon cancers. Reports relevant to the chemical properties of brown algae Padina sp. are limited and those accompanied to a comprehensive evaluation of the biological activity on osteosarcoma (OS) are non existent. In this report, we explored the chemical composition of French Polynesian Padina pavonica extract (EPP) by spectrophotometric assays (total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content, and antioxidant activity) and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, and provided EPP lipid and sterols profiles. Several compounds with relevant biological activity were also identified that suggest interesting pharmacological and health-protecting effects for EPP. Moreover, we demonstrated that EPP presents good anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities against two OS cell lines, SaOS-2 and MNNG, with different cancer-related phenotypes. Finally, our data suggest that EPP might target different properties associated with cancer development and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018⁻2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Mariagiulia Minetti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018⁻2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
- Institute of Cellular Pharmacology (ICP Concepts Ltd.), F24, Triq Valletta, Mosta Technopark, MST 3000 Mosta, Malta.
| | - Giuseppe Polizzotto
- Institute of Cellular Pharmacology (ICP Concepts Ltd.), F24, Triq Valletta, Mosta Technopark, MST 3000 Mosta, Malta.
| | - Manuele Biazzo
- Institute of Cellular Pharmacology (ICP Concepts Ltd.), F24, Triq Valletta, Mosta Technopark, MST 3000 Mosta, Malta.
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018⁻2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Tao L, Sun T, Magnuson AD, Qamar TR, Lei XG. Defatted Microalgae-Mediated Enrichment of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Chicken Muscle Is Not Affected by Dietary Selenium, Vitamin E, or Corn Oil. J Nutr 2018; 148:1547-1555. [PMID: 30204898 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We previously showed enrichments of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in broiler chicks fed defatted microalgae. Objectives The aims of this study were to determine 1) if the enrichments affected meat texture and were enhanced by manipulating dietary corn oil, selenium, and vitamin E concentrations and 2) how the enrichments corroborated with hepatic gene expression involved in biosynthesis and oxidation of EPA and DHA. Methods Day-old hatching Cornish Giant cockerels (n = 216) were divided into 6 groups (6 cages/group and 6 chicks/cage). Chicks were fed 1 of the 6 diets: a control diet containing 4% corn oil, 25 IU vitamin E/kg, and 0.2 mg Se/kg (4CO), 4CO + 10% microalgae (defatted Nannochloropsis oceanica; 4CO+ MA), 4CO+ MA - 2% corn oil (2CO+MA), 2CO+MA + 75 IU vitamin E/kg (2CO+MA+E), 2CO+MA + 0.3 mg Se/kg (2CO+MA+Se), and 2CO+MA+E + 0.3 mg Se/kg (2CO+MA+E+Se). After 6 wk, fatty acid profiles, DHA and EPA biosynthesis and oxidation, gene expression, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant status, and meat texture were measured in liver, muscles, or both. Results Compared with the control diet, defatted microalgae (4CO+MA) enriched (P < 0.05) DHA and EPA by ≤116 and 24 mg/100 g tissue in the liver and muscles, respectively, and downregulated (41-76%, P < 0.01) hepatic mRNA abundance of 4 cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP2C23b, CYP2D6, CYP3A5, CYP4V2). Supplemental microalgae decreased (50-82%, P < 0.05) lipid peroxidation and improved (16-28%, P < 0.05) antioxidant status in the liver, muscles, or both. However, the microalgae-mediated enrichments in the muscles were not elevated by altering dietary corn oil, vitamin E, or selenium and did not affect meat texture. Conclusion The microalgae-mediated enrichments of DHA and EPA in the chicken muscles were associated with decreased hepatic gene expression of their oxidation, but were not further enhanced by altering dietary corn oil, vitamin E, or selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Tahir R Qamar
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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