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Yang R, Liu L, Gao D, Zhao D. Purification, structural characterization, and bioactive properties of exopolysaccharides from Saccharomyces cerevisiae HD-01. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1455708. [PMID: 39239255 PMCID: PMC11374770 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1455708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPSs), which show excellent biological activities, like anti-tumor, immune regulation, and anti-oxidation activities, have gained widespread attention. In this study, an EPS-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae HD-01 was identified based on 18S rDNA sequence analysis and an API 20C test. The purified HD-01 EPS was obtained by gel filtration chromatography. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed that it was a heteropolysaccharide composed of α-1 (38.3%), α-1, 2 (17.5%), α-1, 6 (14.8%)-linked mannose and α-1, 2, 3, 6 (24.3%), α-1 (3.3%), β-1, 4 (1.8%)-linked glucose. Chemical composition and elemental analysis indicated the existence of sulfation modifications. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed that it exhibited a flaky structure with thorn-like protrusions on the three-dimensional surface. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that it was an amorphous non-crystalline substance. HD-01 EPS had great thermostability; probiotic properties; strong antioxidant properties to DPPH, ABTS, and hydroxyl; and good reducing power. The MTT, NO, and neutral red assays demonstrated that it had a great immunomodulatory effect on macrophages RAW264.7. All results suggested that the HD-01 EPS had the potential to be applied in the food and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongni Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region, Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
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Vijayalakshmi S, Kim JR, Chelliah R, Barathikannan K, Tyagi A, Aloo SO, Chen X, Yan P, Shan L, Oh DH. Encapsulating potential and functional properties of exopolysaccharide from Limosilactobacillus reuteri KCTC 14626BP isolated from human breast milk. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127330. [PMID: 37832623 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are natural, nontoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable macromolecules produced by microorganisms, including the Lactic acid bacteria, to enhance protection against environmental stress conditions. The current study focused on the encapsulation and functional efficiency of EPS produced by probiotic strains isolated from human milk. Among 27 isolates, the potential high EPS-producing strain Limosilactobacillus reuteri KCTC 14626BP was selected based on biofilm production. The structural Characterization of EPS was performed based on FTIR, NMR and functional properties were determined; further, the encapsulation efficiency of EPS was determined with caffeic acid. The results indicate that L. reuteri produced EPS major component consisting of glucose, galactose and arabinose with the ratio of (0.78:0.16: 0.05). The antioxidant efficiency of EPS-LR was determined on DPPH (60.3 %) and ABTS (48.9 %); EPS showed enhanced functional activities. The absence of toxicity was confirmed based on Caenorhabditis elegans. The EPS-loaded Caffeic acid (CA) EPS-LR indicated spherical capsules with rough surfaces, with sizes ranging from 1.39 to 6.75 μm. These findings indicate that EPS-LR can be applied as a bioactive compound and encapsulating material in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Vijayalakshmi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea; Centre Of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Jong-Rai Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea; Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology (KIIT), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Kaliyan Barathikannan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea; Agriculture and Life Science Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Akanksha Tyagi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Simon-Okomo Aloo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Xiuqin Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Pianpian Yan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Lingyue Shan
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
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Gurunathan S, Thangaraj P, Kim JH. Postbiotics: Functional Food Materials and Therapeutic Agents for Cancer, Diabetes, and Inflammatory Diseases. Foods 2023; 13:89. [PMID: 38201117 PMCID: PMC10778838 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are (i) "soluble factors secreted by live bacteria, or released after bacterial lysis, such as enzymes, peptides, teichoic acids, peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides, polysaccharides, cell-surface proteins and organic acids"; (ii) "non-viable metabolites produced by microorganisms that exert biological effects on the hosts"; and (iii) "compounds produced by microorganisms, released from food components or microbial constituents, including non-viable cells that, when administered in adequate amounts, promote health and wellbeing". A probiotic- and prebiotic-rich diet ensures an adequate supply of these vital nutrients. During the anaerobic fermentation of organic nutrients, such as prebiotics, postbiotics act as a benevolent bioactive molecule matrix. Postbiotics can be used as functional components in the food industry by offering a number of advantages, such as being added to foods that are harmful to probiotic survival. Postbiotic supplements have grown in popularity in the food, cosmetic, and healthcare industries because of their numerous health advantages. Their classification depends on various factors, including the type of microorganism, structural composition, and physiological functions. This review offers a succinct introduction to postbiotics while discussing their salient features and classification, production, purification, characterization, biological functions, and applications in the food industry. Furthermore, their therapeutic mechanisms as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory agents are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Pratheep Thangaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Agrawal S, Bhatt A. Microbial Endophytes: Emerging Trends and Biotechnological Applications. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:249. [PMID: 37347454 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of knowledge on the role of endophytic microorganisms has been reported in recent years. The cooperative chemistry between the endophytes and the internal host tissue has turned them into a crucial aid for biotechnological applications. Microbial endophytes are ubiquitous among most plant species on earth and contribute to the benefit of host plants by generating a wide range of metabolites that provide the plant with survival value. Endophytes can either directly stimulate plant growth by producing phytohormones or indirectly stimulate plant growth by increasing the availability of soil nutrients to plants. Endophytes may also help suppress diseases in plants directly by neutralizing environmental toxic elements, and by inhibiting plant pathogens by antagonistic action, or indirectly by stimulating induced plant systemic resistance. Several natural compounds produced by endophytes as secondary metabolites are beneficial to both plants and humans. This is why endophytes are regarded as a significant source of novel natural products of value in modern medicine, agriculture, and industry. Endophytes are known for producing pigments, bioactive compounds, and industrially important enzymes, like glucanase, amylase, laccase, etc. Some endophytes can also produce nanoparticles that potentially have numerous applications in a variety of fields. They also play an important role in biodegradation and bioremediation, both of which are beneficial to the environment and ecology. In this review, we highlighted potential biotechnological applications of endophytic microbes, as well as their diverse importance in plant growth and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Agrawal
- VMSB Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, 248001
| | - Arun Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, G. B. Pant Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ghurdauri, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India, 246001.
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Genomic Insights and Functional Analysis Reveal Plant Growth Promotion Traits of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus G78. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020392. [PMID: 36833318 PMCID: PMC9956331 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Paenibacillus mucilaginosus has widely been reported as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). However, the important genomic insights into plant growth promotion in this species remain undescribed. In this study, the genome of P. mucilaginosus G78 was sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq PE150. It contains 8,576,872 bp with a GC content of 58.5%, and was taxonomically characterized. Additionally, a total of 7337 genes with 143 tRNAs, 41 rRNAs, and 5 ncRNAs were identified. This strain can prohibit the growth of the plant pathogen, but also has the capability to form biofilm, solubilize phosphate, and produce IAA. Twenty-six gene clusters encoding secondary metabolites were identified, and the genotypic characterization indirectly proved its resistant ability to ampicillin, bacitracin, polymyxin and chloramphenicol. The putative exopolysaccharide biosynthesis and biofilm formation gene clusters were explored. According to the genetic features, the potential monosaccharides of its exopolysaccharides for P. mucilaginosus G78 may include glucose, mannose, galactose, fucose, that can probably be acetylated and pyruvated. Conservation of the pelADEFG compared with other 40 Paenibacillus species suggests that Pel may be specific biofilm matrix component in P. mucilaginosus. Several genes relevant to plant growth-promoting traits, i.e., IAA production and phosphate solubilization are well conserved compared with other 40 other Paenibacillus strains. The current study can benefit for understanding the plant growth-promoting traits of P. mucilaginosus as well as its potential application in agriculture as PGPR.
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Probiotic Properties of Exopolysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from Natto. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2023; 2023:3298723. [PMID: 36762123 PMCID: PMC9904927 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3298723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Natto is a traditional Japanese food made from soybeans fermented with Bacillus subtilis var. natto. It is also a famous food in Thailand. Potential probiotics were screened from natto. Bacillus subtilis strain VN5 produced the most quantity of exopolysaccharide (EPS), so it was selected to study the properties of microbial EPS and probiotics. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer or FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. The patterns of FT-IR and levans are similar. The basic properties of probiotics were revealed. The 90% of VN5 strain resisted lysozyme within 30 min. VN5 survived under acidic conditions (pH 1-6), and the survival rate in 0.3%, 0.5%, and 1% bile solutions for 24 h was 100%. Unfortunately, VN5 did not inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi. Gamma hemolysis was determined in VN5 strain. The finding on Bacillus subtilis strain (VN5) from natto paves the way to a high potential, useful new strain of probiotics.
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Hamidi M, Okoro OV, Rashidi K, Salami MS, Mirzaei Seveiri R, Samadian H, Shavandi A. Evaluation of two fungal exopolysaccharides as potential biomaterials for wound healing applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:49. [PMID: 36542187 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are mostly produced by bacteria and fungi and have potential use in the production of biomedical products such as nutraceuticals and in tissue engineering applications. The present study investigated the in vitro biological activities and in vivo wound healing effects of EPSs produced from a Sclerotium-forming fungus (Sclerotium glucanicum DSM 2159) and a yeast (Rhodosporidium babjevae), denoted as scleroglucan (Scl) and EPS-R, respectively. EPS yields of 0.9 ± 0.07 g/L and 1.11 ± 0.4 g/L were obtained from S. glucanicum and R. babjevae, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the EPSs were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Further investigations of the biological properties showed that both EPSs were cytocompatible toward the human fibroblast cell line and demonstrated hemocompatibility. Favorable wound healing capacities of the EPSs (10 mg/mL) were also established via in vivo tests. The present study therefore showed that the EPSs produced by S. glucanicum and R. babjevae have the potential use as biocompatible components for the promotion of dermal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hamidi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khodabakhsh Rashidi
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Salami
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rasool Mirzaei Seveiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
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Prajapati D, Bhatt A, Gupte A. Evaluation of Bioactive Attributes and Emulsification Potential of Exopolysaccharide Produced by a Brown-rot Fungus Fomitopsis meliae AGDP-2. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 195:2974-2992. [PMID: 36462111 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms possess wide array of biologically active secondary metabolites and have been traditionally used for their medicinal properties. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is one of such bioactive metabolites. The bioactive attributes and emulsification capabilities of the exopolysaccharides produced by a novel brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis meliae AGDP-2 under submerged fermentation has been thoroughly investigated in the present study. Exopolysaccharide displayed anti-oxidant activities in dose dependent manner with the maximum scavenging of ABTS radicals (42.45%), DPPH radicals (75.34%), Hydroxyl radicals (63.64%), Superoxide anion radical (76.54%) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power with IC50 value of 231 µg/mL. Additionally, evaluation of anti-proliferative properties revealed that EPS significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HT-29 cancer cells followed by moderate inhibition of HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines and quite less inhibition of L-132 and KB cell lines. The IC50 values of EPS for the abovementioned cell lines are 9.465 µg/mL, 11.25 µg/mL, 38.98 µg/mL, 87.78 µg/mL, 2061 µg/mL and 2361 µg/mL respectively. Moreover EPS also possess good anti-microbial as well as anti-biofilm properties. The studies on emulsification potential described that EPS is good emulsifier of different vegetable oils and the emulsion formed was quite stable up to 144 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshankumar Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Near Post Office, Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashish Bhatt
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Near Post Office, Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India
| | - Akshaya Gupte
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Near Post Office, Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120, Gujarat, India.
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Conversion of Fishery Waste to Proteases by Streptomyces speibonae and Their Application in Antioxidant Preparation. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Proteinaceous wastes from the fishery process are an abundant renewable resource for the recovery of a variety of high-value products. This work attempted to utilize several proteinaceous wastes to produce proteases using the Streptomyces speibonae TKU048 strain. Among different possible carbon and nitrogen sources, the protease productive activity of S. speibonae TKU048 was optimal on 1% tuna head powder. Further, the casein/gelatin/tuna head powder zymography of the crude enzyme revealed the presence of three/nine/six proteases, respectively. The crude-enzyme cocktail of S. speibonae TKU048 exhibited the best proteolytic activity at 70 °C and pH = 5.8. Sodium dodecyl sulfate strongly enhanced the proteolytic activity of the cocktail, whereas FeCl3, CuSO4, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid could completely inhibit the enzyme activity. Additionally, the crude-enzyme cocktail of S. speibonae TKU048 could efficiently enhance the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities of all tested proteinaceous materials including the head, viscera, and meat of tuna fish; the head, viscera, and meat of tilapia fish; the head, meat, and shell of shrimp; squid pen; crab shell; and soybean. Taken together, S. speibonae TKU048 revealed potential in the reclamation of proteinaceous wastes for protease production and antioxidant preparation.
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Sheikh T, Hamid B, Baba Z, Iqbal S, Yatoo A, Fatima S, Nabi A, Kanth R, Dar K, Hussain N, Alturki AI, Sunita K, Sayyed R. Extracellular polymeric substances in psychrophilic cyanobacteria: A potential bioflocculant and carbon sink to mitigate cold stress. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Li F, Jiao X, Zhao J, Liao X, Wei Y, Li Q. Antitumor mechanisms of an exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus fermentum on HT-29 cells and HT-29 tumor-bearing mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:552-562. [PMID: 35421410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have obtained an exopolysaccharide (YL-11 EPS) produced by Lactobacillus fermentum YL-11 isolated from fermented milk and confirmed that it can effectively inhibit colon cancer HT-29 cells proliferation in vitro. The aim of this study is to study anti-colon cancer effect in vivo and its possible mechanisms. Animal assays indicated YL-11 EPS treatment significantly suppressed the growth of HT-29 tumor xenograft without exhibiting obvious negative effects on normal cells. Cell experiments demonstrated YL-11 EPS treatment up regulated the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and induced the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and improved the expression of cleaved caspases-3 and cleaved PARP proteins, and finally induced HT-29 cells apoptosis, suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, YL-11 EPS can block the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and arrest the cell cycle in G1-phase to exert its anti-colon cancer activity. Overall, YL-11 EPS can be explored as a potential nutraceutical to prevent colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Jiao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yunlu Wei
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Enhanced Biological Activities of Exopolysaccharide from Halomonas desertis G11: Biochemical and Genomic Insights. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213798. [PMID: 34771355 PMCID: PMC8588121 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a native exopolysaccharide (nEPS) produced by Halomonas desertis G11 isolated from a Tunisian extreme environment was modified by gamma irradiation. Characterization as well as the antioxidant and antitumor activities of nEPS and its gamma-irradiated derivatives (iEPSs) were comparatively evaluated. In vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials were determined by using different methods and through different antioxidant enzymes. The antitumor activity was checked against a human colon cancer cell line. Analyses of the complete genome sequence were carried out to identify genes implicated in the production of nEPS. Thus, the genomic biosynthesis pathway and the export mechanism of nEPS were proposed. Analyses of irradiation data showed that iEPSs acquired new functional groups, lower molecular weights, and gained significantly (p < 0.05) higher antioxidant and antitumor abilities compared with nEPS. These findings provide a basis for using iEPSs as novel pharmaceutical agents for human therapies.
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Petrova P, Arsov A, Ivanov I, Tsigoriyna L, Petrov K. New Exopolysaccharides Produced by Bacillus licheniformis 24 Display Substrate-Dependent Content and Antioxidant Activity. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102127. [PMID: 34683448 PMCID: PMC8540526 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is a soil bacterium with many industrial applications. In addition to enzymes, platform chemicals, antibiotics and phytohormones, the species produces exopolysaccharides (EPSs) of various biological activities. This study revealed that Bulgarian isolate B. licheniformis 24 produced EPSs consisting of galactose, glucose and mannose with substrate-dependent ratio. From glucose, B. licheniformis 24 secreted EPS1, consisting of 54% galactose, 39% glucose and 7% mannose. From fructose, the strain formed EPS2, containing 51% glucose, 30% mannose and 19% galactose. Batch cultivation in flasks yielded 2.2–2.6 g/L EPS1 and 1.90–2.11 g/L EPS2. Four to five times higher yields of EPS were obtained from both substrates during batch and fed-batch processes in a fermenter at 37.8 °C, pH 6.2 and aeration 3.68 vvm. The batch process with 200 g/L of starting substrates received 9.64 g/L EPS1 and 6.29 g/L EPS2, reaching maximum values at the 33rd and 24th h, respectively. Fed-batch fermentation resulted in the highest yields, 12.61 g/L EPS1 and 7.03 g/L EPS2. In all processes, EPSs were produced only in the exponential growth phase. Both EPSs exhibited antioxidant activity, but EPS2 was much more potent in this regard, reaching 811 μM Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (versus 135 μM for EPS1). EPS1 displayed antibacterial activity against a non-O1 strain of Vibrio cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penka Petrova
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (I.I.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (K.P.)
| | - Alexander Arsov
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.A.); (I.I.)
| | - Lidia Tsigoriyna
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Kaloyan Petrov
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (K.P.)
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Wang SL. Production of Thermophilic Chitinase by Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 by Bioprocessing of Chitinous Fishery Wastes and Its Application in N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Production. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3048. [PMID: 34577952 PMCID: PMC8471714 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioprocessing of chitinous fishery wastes (CFWs) to chitinases through fermentation approaches has gained importance owing to its great benefits in reducing the enzyme production cost, and utilizing chitin waste. In this work, our study of the chitinase production of Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 in the presence of different kinds of CFWs revealed a preference for demineralized crab shells powder (deCSP); furthermore, a 72 kDa chitinase was isolated from the 0.5% deCSP-containing medium. The Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 chitinase displayed maximum activity at 70 °C and pH 4-5, while Zn2+, Fe3+, Triton X-100, Tween 40, and SDS exerted a negative effect on its activity, whereas Mn2+ and 2-mercaptoethanol were found to potentially enhance the activity. Among various kinds of polysaccharide, Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 chitinase exhibited the best catalytic activity on colloidal chitin (CC) with Km = 9.75 mg/mL and Vmax = 2.43 μmol/min. The assessment of the hydrolysis of CC and N-acetyl chitooligosaccharides revealed that Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 chitinase possesses multiple catalytic functions, including exochitinase, endochitinase, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities. Finally, the combination of Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 chitinase and Streptomyces speibonae TKU048 N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase could efficiently convert CC to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) with a production yield of 94.35-98.60% in 12-24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Doctoral Program in Applied Sciences, College of Science, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
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Guerreiro BM, Silva JC, Lima JC, Reis MAM, Freitas F. Antioxidant Potential of the Bio-Based Fucose-Rich Polysaccharide FucoPol Supports Its Use in Oxidative Stress-Inducing Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3020. [PMID: 34577923 PMCID: PMC8470694 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are dangerous sources of macromolecular damage. While most derive from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, their production can be triggered by exogenous stresses, surpassing the extinction capacity of intrinsic antioxidant defense systems of cells. Here, we report the antioxidant activity of FucoPol, a fucose-rich polyanionic polysaccharide produced by Enterobacter A47, containing ca. 17 wt% of negatively charged residues in its structure. Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays coupled to Hill binding kinetics fitting have shown FucoPol can neutralize ferricyanide and Fe3+-TPTZ species at an EC50 of 896 and 602 µg/mL, respectively, with positive binding cooperativity (2.52 ≤ H ≤ 4.85). This reducing power is greater than most polysaccharides reported. Moreover, an optimal 0.25% w/v FucoPol concentration shown previously to be cryo- and photoprotective was also demonstrated to protect Vero cells against H2O2-induced acute exposure not only by attenuating metabolic viability decay, but also by accentuating post-stress proliferation capacity, whilst preserving cell morphology. These results on antioxidant activity provide evidence for the biopolymer's ability to prevent positive feedback cascades of the radical-producing Fenton reaction. Ultimately, FucoPol provides a biotechnological alternative for implementation in cryopreservation, food supplementation, and photoprotective sunscreen formula design, as all fields benefit from an antioxidant functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M. Guerreiro
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (B.M.G.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Jorge Carvalho Silva
- CENIMAT/I3N, Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - João Carlos Lima
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Maria A. M. Reis
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (B.M.G.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (B.M.G.); (M.A.M.R.)
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Farid W, Masud T, Sohail A, Ahmad N, Naqvi SMS, Khan S, Ali A, Khalifa SA, Hussain A, Ali S, Saghir M, Siddeeg A, Manzoor MF. Gastrointestinal transit tolerance, cell surface hydrophobicity, and functional attributes of Lactobacillus Acidophilus strains isolated from Indigenous Dahi. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5092-5102. [PMID: 34532018 PMCID: PMC8441270 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus WFA1 (KU877440), WFA2 (KU877441), and WFA3 (KU877442) were isolated from indigenous Dahi (yogurt), screened, and selected based on acid and bile tolerance along with the antimicrobial activity. These selected strains were further assessed for their probiotic and functional attributes. Results for simulated gastric and intestinal tolerance/ resistance revealed that all three strains can resist and survive under the following mentioned conditions. To access cell surface hydrophobicity, bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH), cellular auto-aggregation, and salt aggregation were performed. In BATH, adhesion of strains against three hydrocarbons namely xylene, dichloromethane, and hexadecane was conducted. The results show that strains showed the least adhesion to xylene (54.25%) as compared to dichloromethane (55.25%) and hexadecane (56.65%). WFA1 showed maximum adherence percentage (55.48%) followed WFA2 (55.48%) and WFA3 (51.38%). Cellular auto-aggregation varied from 21.72% to 30.73% for WFA3 and WFA1, respectively. In the salt aggregation test (SAT), WFA1, WFA2, and WFA3 aggregated at 0.6, 1.0, and 2.0 molar concentrations of ammonium sulfate, respectively. PCR amplification of bile salt hydrolase gene (bsh) was performed and sequences were submitted to the public database of NCBI and Gene bank under accession numbers, KY689139, KY689140, and KY689141. Additionally, a cholesterol-lowering assay was conducted and up to 26% reduction in cholesterol was observed by the strains. Regarding functional properties, exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, and antioxidant potential, strain WFA1 showed promising results EPS (1.027mg/ml), DPPH (80.66%), ABTS (81.97%), and reducing power (1.787). It can be concluded from the present study that the mentioned strains of L. acidophilus (WFA1, WFA2, and WFA3) are strongly hydrophobic; thus having an ability to survive and colonize under the gastrointestinal tract which confirms their probiotic nature. Regarding their functional properties, L. acidophilus WFA1 (KU877440) showed excellent properties of antioxidants and EPS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajiha Farid
- Department of Food TechnologyPir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Tariq Masud
- Department of Food TechnologyPir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Asma Sohail
- Department of Food TechnologyPir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Food & Home SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - S. M. Saqlan Naqvi
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyPir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan
| | - Sipper Khan
- Tropics and Subtropics GroupInstitute of Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department of Agriculture and Food TechnologyKarakoram International UniversityGilgitPakistan
| | - Salah A. Khalifa
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of AgricultureZagazing UniversitySharkiaEgypt
| | - Abid Hussain
- Department of Agriculture and Food TechnologyKarakoram International UniversityGilgitPakistan
| | - Sartaj Ali
- Department of Agriculture and Food TechnologyKarakoram International UniversityGilgitPakistan
| | - Maryum Saghir
- Department of Manufacturing EngineeringNational University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food Engineering and TechnologyFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of GeziraWad MedaniSudan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health SciencesRiphah International UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
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Evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities of exopolysaccharide from Enterococcus strains isolated from traditional Iranian Kishk. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Harvey DJ. ANALYSIS OF CARBOHYDRATES AND GLYCOCONJUGATES BY MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY: AN UPDATE FOR 2015-2016. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2021; 40:408-565. [PMID: 33725404 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is the ninth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2016. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented over 30 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show no sign of deminishing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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19
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Production and Characterization of Extracellular Polymeric Substances by marine Halomonas sp. NASH isolated from Wadi El-Natroun. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.4.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophilic micro-organisms often synthesize and produce extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), whose physical, chemical properties and material properties vary greatly from each other. The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) development of Halomonas sp. MN795630 strain type halophilic bacterium (NASH) was investigated and whether biotechnological applications were feasible. After 168 hours of incubation, 4 g/L of EPS was produced and all elements from the medium were completely used during the growth. Sucrose has been identified as the most favorable carbon source for production of EPS and maximum production (6 g/l). Beef extract level was shown to be the best for EPS production among different nitrogen sources. Optimum production of EPS (10 g/L) were achieved by supplementing the medium with 4M NaCl, pH adjusted at 9 and the medium was inoculated with 7% initial inoculum. The purified EPS were characterized chemically. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer was observed in several functional groups. EPS also demonstrated an significant inhibitor of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (20.4 and 14.7 mm), respectively. EPS show satisfactory results when applied as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and emulsifier.
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Utilization of Seafood Processing By-Products for Production of Proteases by Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 and Their Application in Biopeptides' Preparation. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18110574. [PMID: 33233577 PMCID: PMC7699763 DOI: 10.3390/md18110574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial fermentation of by-products is a renewable and efficient technique in the development of a range of useful products. In this study, protease synthesis by Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 was carried out on culture media containing some common seafood processing by-products (SPBPs) as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen (C/N). The most suitable C/N nutrition source for the production of proteases was found to be 3.0% (w/v) demineralized crab shells powder (deCSP) and maximal enzyme activity of 4.41 ± 0.16 U/mL was detected on the third day of the culture. Two proteases (P1 and P2) with a similar molecular weight of 31 kDa were successfully isolated and purified from the 3-day deCSP-containing medium. Both P1 and P2 exhibited the highest activity of gelatin hydrolysis at pH 6 and 60 °C. The gelatin hydrolysates catalyzed by Paenibacillus TKU052 proteases were evaluated for biological activities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, and prebiotic activities. The gelatin hydrolysates expressed 31.76–43.95% DPPH radical scavenging activity and 31.58–36.84% ACE inhibitory activity, which was higher than those from gelatin. Gelatin hydrolysates also showed the growth-enhancing effect on Bifidobacterium bifidum BCRC 14615 with an increase to 135.70–147.81%. In short, Paenibacillus sp. TKU052 could be a potential strain to utilize crab shell wastes to produce proteases for bio-active peptides’ preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (V.B.N.); (A.D.N.)
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
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21
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Sharma K, Sharma N, Handa S, Pathania S. Purification and characterization of novel exopolysaccharides produced from Lactobacillus paraplantarum KM1 isolated from human milk and its cytotoxicity. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:56. [PMID: 33009642 PMCID: PMC7532255 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Microbial origin polysaccharides have gained popularity due to lesser toxicity, better degradability and selectivity as compared to their synthetic counterparts and can be used as emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, texturizer, flocculating and gelling agent. Here main emphasis on exopolysaccharide production from potential lactic acid bacteria that has GRAS status. Results This work was aimed at isolating, purifying and characterizing an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) produced by a foodgrade lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus paraplantarum KM1. L. paraplantarum KM1 was isolated from human milk and identified by conventional and molecular techniques. The 16S rRNA sequence of the isolate was registered in National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under accession number KX671558. L. paraplantarum KM1 was found to produce EPSs in lactose containing MRS medium, and the maximum yield (47.4 mg/ml) was achieved after 32-h incubation. As evident from TLC and HPLC analyses, the polysaccharide was found to be a heteropolymer-containing glucose, galactose and mannose as main sugars. Different oligosaccharides namely hexoses were obtained after partial hydrolysis of the polymer using MALDI-ToF-MS. The total molecular weight of all polysaccharides present was 348.7 kDa with 100 °C thermal stability as well as water soluble in nature. Cell cytotoxicity revealed that the purified EPS was safe for consumption; thus, it can be used in various food industries as emulsifying and texture agent. Conclusions The present study highlighted that exopolysaccharides could be harnessed to improve food products in terms of texture, emulsifying agents, pharmaceutical industry (antioxidants, antitumour, anti-inflammatory and antiviral agents) and as safety purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Sharma
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India.
| | - Nivedita Sharma
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India
| | - Shweta Handa
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India
| | - Shruti Pathania
- Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173230, India
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22
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Wang CL, Wang SL. Microbial Conversion of Shrimp Heads to Proteases and Chitin as an Effective Dye Adsorbent. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2228. [PMID: 32998333 PMCID: PMC7601101 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a green and effective technique in the production of a large number of valuable products, the microbial conversion of chitinous fishery wastes is receiving much attention. In this study, protease production using the Paenibacillus mucilaginosus TKU032 strain was conducted on culture media containing several common types of chitinous fishery by-products serving as the carbon and nitrogen (C/N) nutrition source. Among the chitinous wastes, 1.5% (w/v) shrimp head powder (SHP) was found to be the most appropriate nutritional source for protease production when a maximal enzyme activity of 3.14 ± 0.1 U/mL was observed on the 3rd day of the culture period. The molecular mass of P. mucilaginosus TKU032 protease was estimated to be nearly 32 kDa by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method. The residual SHP obtained from the culture medium was also considered to be utilized for chitin extraction. The deproteinization rate of the fermentation was estimated to be 45%, and the chitin obtained from fermented SHP (fSHP) displayed a similar characteristic Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) profile as that from SHP. In addition, SHP, fSHP, and chitins obtained from SHP and fSHP were investigated for their adsorptive capacity of nine types of dyes, and chitin obtained from fSHP displayed a good adsorption rate on Congo Red and Red No. 7, at 99% and 97%, respectively. In short, the results provide potential support for the utilization of SHP in the production of P. mucilaginosus TKU032 protease via the fermentation as well as the preparation of chitin from fSHP as an effective dye adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Natural Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Lu Wang
- Department of Fashion Beauty Design, Lan Yang Institute of Technology, Yilan County 26141, Taiwan;
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
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Vallejo-Cordoba B, Castro-López C, García HS, González-Córdova AF, Hernández-Mendoza A. Postbiotics and paraprobiotics: A review of current evidence and emerging trends. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2020; 94:1-34. [PMID: 32892831 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, new probiotic-related concepts such as postbiotics and paraprobiotics have been coined to indicate that non-viable microorganisms or bacterial-free extracts may provide benefits to the host by offering additional bioactivities to probiotics, including but not limited to anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities. Despite in vitro and in vivo studies that support the promising use of postbiotics and paraprobiotics as health promoters, the mechanism of action and the signaling pathway involved have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of novel probiotic-related concepts and the scientific evidence that supports their bioactivities as well as the possible mechanisms underlying their health-promoting effects. Additionally, current trends in food, feed, and pharmaceutical applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Castro-López
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Hugo S García
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Adrián Hernández-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Química y Biotecnología de Productos Lácteos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD, A.C.), Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
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Elsehemy IA, Noor El Deen AM, Awad HM, Kalaba MH, Moghannem SA, Tolba IH, Farid MAM. Structural, physical characteristics and biological activities assessment of scleroglucan from a local strain Athelia rolfsii TEMG. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1196-1207. [PMID: 32622769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Athelia rolfsii TEMG (MH 236106) an exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing fungal strain was isolated and identified. Extraction, purification, characterization, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral and antitumor activities of the polysaccharide were investigated. It characterized as a homopolysaccharide of glucose with a molecular weight of 345.622 kDa. The identification of the polysaccharide was conducted using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, 1H and 13C NMR spectra. The existence of β-1,3 and β-1,6 linkages suggests that EPS could be scleroglucan. The purified scleroglucan showed considerable antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The results indicated that, there was no cytotoxicity on normal cell (W138) and no effect on tumor cell lines including HepG2 and PC3 showing IC50 of 5096.83, 5885.80 and 4803.90 μg/mL, respectively. The results showed also that Sclg could reduce the cytopathic effect by 50% (EC50) at 15 and 50 μg/mL of herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and influenza virus (H5N1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam A Elsehemy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Div., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza M Noor El Deen
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Div., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan M Awad
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Div., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Kalaba
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saad A Moghannem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Tolba
- Plant Pathology Branch, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A M Farid
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Div., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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Wang SL, Nguyen VB, Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen MT, Nguyen AD. Production and Potential Applications of Bioconversion of Chitin and Protein-Containing Fishery Byproducts into Prodigiosin: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E2744. [PMID: 32545769 PMCID: PMC7356639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The technology of microbial conversion provides a potential way to exploit compounds of biotechnological potential. The red pigment prodigiosin (PG) and other PG-like pigments from bacteria, majorly from Serratia marcescens, have been reported as bioactive secondary metabolites that can be used in the broad fields of agriculture, fine chemicals, and pharmacy. Increasing PG productivity by investigating the culture conditions especially the inexpensive carbon and nitrogen (C/N) sources has become an important factor for large-scale production. Investigations into the bioactivities and applications of PG and its related compounds have also been given increased attention. To save production cost, chitin and protein-containing fishery byproducts have recently been investigated as the sole C/N source for the production of PG and chitinolytic/proteolytic enzymes. This strategy provides an environmentally-friendly selection using inexpensive C/N sources to produce a high yield of PG together with chitinolytic and proteolytic enzymes by S. marcescens. The review article will provide effective references for production, bioactivity, and application of S. marcescens PG in various fields such as biocontrol agents and potential pharmaceutical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Minh Trung Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Tran TD, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Bioprocessing of Squid Pens Waste into Chitosanase by Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 and Its Application in Low-Molecular Weight Chitosan Oligosaccharides Production. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12051163. [PMID: 32438616 PMCID: PMC7284385 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) has become of great interest in recent years because of its worthy biological activities. This study aims to produce COS using the enzymatic method, and investigates Paenibacillus sp. TKU047, a chitinolytic-producing strain, in terms of its chitosanase productivity on several chitinous material-containing mediums from fishery process wastes. The highest amount of chitosanase was produced on the medium using 2% (w/v) squid pens powder (0.60 U/mL) as the single carbon and nitrogen (C/N) source. The molecular mass of TKU047 chitosanase, which could be the smallest one among chitinases/chitosanases from the Paenibacillus genus, was approximately 23 kDa according to the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. TKU047 chitosanase possessed the highest activity at 60 °C, pH 7, and toward chitosan solution with a higher degree of deacetylation (DDA) value. Additionally, the hydrolysis products of 98% DDA chitosan catalyzed by TKU047 chitosanase showed the degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from 2 to 9, suggesting that it was an endo-type activity chitosanase. The free radical scavenging activity of the obtained chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was determined. The result showed that COS produced with Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 chitosanase expressed a higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than that from the commercial COSs with maximum activity and IC50 values of 81.20% and 1.02 mg/mL; 18.63% and 15.37 mg/mL; and 15.96% and 15.16 mg/mL, respectively. As such, Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 may have potential use in converting squid pens waste to produce chitosanase as an enzyme for bio-activity COS preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam;
| | - Trung Dung Tran
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2621-5656; Fax: +886-2-2620-9924
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Bhadrecha P, Bala M, Khasa YP, Arshi A, Singh J, Kumar M. Hippophae rhamnoides L. rhizobacteria exhibit diversified cellulase and pectinase activities. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1075-1085. [PMID: 32377055 PMCID: PMC7196573 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides L. provides an enormous range of medicinal and nutritional benefits. The significant abilities of this plant to survive in Himalayan high altitudes enticed our study to investigate its rhizosphere. Seventeen rhizobacterial strains were isolated from the rhizospheric soil and plant root nodules, belonging to genus Frankia, Azorhizobium, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus and Pseudomonas, as identified by 16SrRNA sequencing. This varying bacterial population was further examined for the presence of root degrading enzymes pectinase and cellulase, which enable them to intrude the plant roots. Based on the growth and substrate utilization by these rhizobacteria on pectinase screening agar medium and Mandels and Reese agar medium, all the seventeen strains were identified as pectinase and cellulase producing rhizobacteria. The quantitative analysis by DNS method demonstrated varying enzyme activities, spot-lighting the physiological variation in the microbiome. The divergence in the enzyme activities shown by all the strains was analysed statistically, using the software ASSISTAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bhadrecha
- Department of Biotechnology, Mangalmay Group of Institutions, Greater Noida, UP India
| | - Madhu Bala
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organisation, New Delhi, India
- Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), DRDO, Haldwani, Uttarakhand India
| | - Yogender Pal Khasa
- Department of Microbiology, South Campus, Delhi University, New Delhi, India
| | - Anfal Arshi
- Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), DRDO, Haldwani, Uttarakhand India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Life Science Department, Central University of Jharkhand, Brambe Campus, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834205 India
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Tran NVN, Yu QJ, Nguyen TP, Wang SL. Coagulation of Chitin Production Wastewater from Shrimp Scraps with By-Product Chitosan and Chemical Coagulants. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E607. [PMID: 32155925 PMCID: PMC7182843 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin production wastewater contains nutrient-rich organic and mineral contents. Coagulation of the wastewater with a natural coagulant such as by-product chitosan would be an economical and environmentally friendly method of treatment. This study investigated the treatment efficiencies of a preliminary sedimentation process followed by coagulation. The removal efficiencies for wastewater parameters were evaluated and compared for coagulants including by-product chitosan, polyaluminum chloride, and polyacryamide. The evaluation was based on the removal of wastewater turbidity and other criteria, including tCOD, sCOD, TKN, NH4+-N, TP, TSS, calcium, and crude protein. The results showed that the preliminary sedimentation (before coagulation) can remove over 80% of turbidity and more than 93% of TSS at pH 4 in 30 min. At optimal conditions, when the ratio of crude protein and calcium was 4.95, by-product chitosan dose of 77.5 mg·L-1 and pH = 8.3, the wastewater characteristics changes were tCOD 23%, sCOD 32%, TKN and ammonium 25%, TP 90%, TSS 84%, Ca2+ 29%, and crude protein 25%. The residue recovered through coagulation consists of up to 55 mg·g-1 crude protein, which is used for animal feed or crop fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Van Nhi Tran
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (N.V.N.T.); (Q.J.Y.)
| | - Qiming Jimmy Yu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia; (N.V.N.T.); (Q.J.Y.)
| | - Tan Phong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNU-HCM, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
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Farag MM, Moghannem SA, Shehabeldine AM, Azab MS. Antitumor effect of exopolysaccharide produced by Bacillus mycoides. Microb Pathog 2020; 140:103947. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Production, characterization and biological activities of exopolysaccharides from a new cold-adapted yeast: Rhodotorula mucilaginosa sp. GUMS16. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:268-277. [PMID: 32087227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lately, it has been proved that yeast exopolysaccharides (EPS) are potentially applicable biopolymers, a fact that has led to incremental needs for their assessment. The current study is based on the biochemical and molecular level identification of the novel cold-adapted yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa sp. GUMS16. Possible antioxidant and antiproliferative activities, as well as extraction and characterization of the GUMS16-produced EPS, were assessed during the course of this study. The results indicated that the strain of GUMS16 is a cold-adapted yeast with growth capability at 4 °C and an approximate EPS production yield of 28.5 g/L which are characterized as highly branched beta-D-glucan having glucose and mannose residues (85:15 mol%, respectively) with an average molecular weight of 84 kDa. In comparison to hyaluronic acid, DPPH, and OH, the scavenging activity attributed to the GUMS16-produced EPS was higher alongside being dose-dependent. The biocompatibility profile of the EPS was well-recognized based on its zero-cytotoxicity rate on a normal cell model. Collectively, the favorable properties of the EPS accentuate their potential as biocompatible compound suitable for subsequent pharmaceutical and industrial applications.
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Mirzaei Seveiri R, Hamidi M, Delattre C, Sedighian H, Pierre G, Rahmani B, Darzi S, Brasselet C, Karimitabar F, Razaghpoor A, Amani J. Characterization and Prospective Applications of the Exopolysaccharides Produced by Rhodosporidium babjevae. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:254-263. [PMID: 32373494 PMCID: PMC7191244 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Due to the potential industrial and therapeutic applications of the yeast exopolysaccharides (EPSs), there has been an increasing demand to assess these biopolymers with improved characteristics. This study aimed to characterize the EPSs from Rhodosporidium babjevae (ATCC 90942 and IBRC-M 30088) as well as to evaluate their possible antioxidant, emulsifying and antiproliferative activities. Methods: Rhodosporidium babjevae was cultured for 5 days and following isolation of supernatant, EPSs precipitated with adding of cold absolute ethanol and freeze-dried. The EPSs chemical structure was determined by FT-IR, SEM, HPLC-SEC and GC-MS. Additionally the solubility, water holding capacity and emulsifying activity of EPSs were evaluated. In vitro, antioxidant activity was investigated against DPPH, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Finally the EPSs consequence on the cell proliferation of human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell lines was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Results: R. babjevae excreted 1.6±0.2 g/L of the EPSs. The EPSs had three fractions with molecular weights of 1.02 ×106 , 5×105 and 2×105 Da. Mannose and glucose were found as the main monosaccharides of the EPSs (84:16 mol%, respectively). The EPSs exhibited emulsifying activity on sun flower oil. The scavenging activities were found to be dose-dependent and higher than hyaluronic acid. Significant difference among the EPSs treatments on the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDCK cell lines was not observed (P>0.05). Conclusion: These results show the interesting potential of the EPSs from R. babjevae as biocompatible compounds for using in food and pharmaceutical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasool Mirzaei Seveiri
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Food and Drug Research Center, Vice-Chancellery of Food and Drug, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hamid Sedighian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Babak Rahmani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Sina Darzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Clément Brasselet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fatemeh Karimitabar
- Food and Drug Research Center, Vice-Chancellery of Food and Drug, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Razaghpoor
- Student Research Committee, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Andrew M, Jayaraman G. Structural features of microbial exopolysaccharides in relation to their antioxidant activity. Carbohydr Res 2020; 487:107881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Novel Efficient Bioprocessing of Marine Chitins into Active Anticancer Prodigiosin. Mar Drugs 2019; 18:md18010015. [PMID: 31878048 PMCID: PMC7024390 DOI: 10.3390/md18010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine chitins (MC) have been utilized for the production of vast array of bioactive products, including chitooligomers, chitinase, chitosanase, antioxidants, anti-NO, and antidiabetic compounds. The aim of this study is the bioprocessing of MC into a potent anticancer compound, prodigiosin (PG), via microbial fermentation. This bioactive compound was produced by Serratia marcescens TKU011 with the highest yield of 4.62 mg/mL at the optimal conditions of liquid medium with initial pH of 5.65-6.15 containing 1% α-chitin, 0.6% casein, 0.05% K2HPO4, and 0.1% CaSO4. Fermentation was kept at 25 °C for 2 d. Notably, α-chitin was newly investigated as the major potential material for PG production via fermentation; the salt CaSO4 was also found to play the key role in the enhancement of PG yield of Serratia marcescens fermentation for the first time. PG was qualified and identified based on specific UV, MALDI-TOF MS analysis. In the biological activity tests, purified PG demonstrated potent anticancer activities against A549, Hep G2, MCF-7, and WiDr with the IC50 values of 0.06, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.2 µg/mL, respectively. Mytomycin C, a commercial anti-cancer compound was also tested for comparison purpose, showing weaker activity with the IC50 values of 0.11, 0.1, 0.14, and 0.15 µg/mL, respectively. As such, purified PG displayed higher 2.75-fold, 1.67-fold, and 3.25-fold efficacy than Mytomycin C against MCF-7, A549, and Hep G2, respectively. The results suggest that marine chitins are valuable sources for production of prodigiosin, a potential candidate for cancer drugs.
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An Exochitinase with N-Acetyl-β-Glucosaminidase-Like Activity from Shrimp Head Conversion by Streptomyces speibonae and Its Application in Hydrolyzing β-Chitin Powder to Produce N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11101600. [PMID: 31574975 PMCID: PMC6835419 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine chitinous byproducts possess significant applications in many fields. In this research, different kinds of fishery chitin-containing byproducts from shrimp (shrimp head powder (SHP) and demineralized shrimp shell powder), crab (demineralized crab shell powder), as well as squid (squid pen powder) were used to provide both carbon and nitrogen (C/N) nutrients for the production of an exochitinase via Streptomyces speibonae TKU048, a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from Taiwanese soils. S. speibonae TKU048 expressed the highest exochitinase productivity (45.668 U/mL) on 1.5% SHP-containing medium at 37 °C for 2 days. Molecular weight determination analysis basing on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the mass of TKU048 exochitinase was approximately 21 kDa. The characterized exochitinase expressed some interesting properties, for example acidic pH optima (pH 3 and pH 5-7) and a higher temperature optimum (60 °C). Furthermore, the main hydrolysis mechanism of TKU048 exochitinase was N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase-like activity; its most suitable substrate was β-chitin powder. The hydrolysis experiment revealed that TKU048 exochitinase was efficient in the cleavage of β-chitin powder, thereby releasing N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc, monomer unit of chitin structure) as the major product with 0.335 mg/mL of GlcNAc concentration and a yield of 73.64% after 96 h of incubation time. Thus, TKU048 exochitinase may have potential in GlcNAc production due to its N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase-like activity.
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Conversion of Shrimp Head Waste for Production of a Thermotolerant, Detergent-Stable, Alkaline Protease by Paenibacillus sp. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9100798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Fishery processing by-products have been of great interest to researchers due to their beneficial applications in many fields. In this study, five types of marine by-products, including demineralized crab shell, demineralized shrimp shell, shrimp head, shrimp shell, and squid pen, provided sources of carbon and nitrogen nutrition by producing a protease from Paenibacillus sp. TKU047. Strain TKU047 demonstrated the highest protease productivity (2.98 U/mL) when cultured for two days on a medium containing 0.5% of shrimp head powder (SHP). The mass of TKU047 protease was determined to be 32 kDa (approximately). TKU047 protease displayed optimal activity at 70–80 °C and pH 9, with a pH range of stability from 6 to 11. TKU047 protease also showed stability in solutions containing surfactants and detergents. Based on its excellent properties, Paenibacillus sp. TKU047 protease may be a feasible candidate for inclusion in laundry detergents.
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Guesmi S, Chouchane H, Neifar M, Hosni F, Cherif A, Sghaier H. Radiation-inducible radioprotective exopolysaccharides of Bacillus siamensis CV5 from irradiated roots of Cistanche violacea to decrease free radical damage produced by ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1552-1563. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1649501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sihem Guesmi
- National Agronomy Institute (INAT), Avenue Charles Nicolle, Mahrajène, Tunisia
- Laboratory “Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences” (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Habib Chouchane
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Faouzi Hosni
- Laboratory “Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences” (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Haïtham Sghaier
- Laboratory “Energy and Matter for Development of Nuclear Sciences” (LR16CNSTN02), National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), Sidi Thabet Technopark, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
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Wang CH, Doan CT, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Reclamation of Fishery Processing Waste: A Mini-Review. Molecules 2019; 24:E2234. [PMID: 31207992 PMCID: PMC6630555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Seafood such as fish, shellfish, and squid are a unique source of nutrients. However, many marine processing byproducts, such as viscera, shells, heads, and bones, are discarded, even though they are rich sources of structurally diverse bioactive nitrogenous components. Based on emerging evidence of their potential health benefits, these components show significant promise as functional food ingredients. Fish waste components contain significant levels of high-quality protein, which represents a source for biofunctional peptide mining. The chitin contained in shrimp shells, crab shells, and squid pens may also be of value. The components produced by bioconversion are reported to have antioxidative, antimicrobial, anticancer, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anticoagulant activities. This review provides an overview of the extraordinary potential of processing fish and chitin-containing seafood byproducts via chemical procedures, enzymatic and fermentation technologies, and chemical modifications, as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (C.T.D.)
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (C.T.D.)
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam;
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan; (C.-H.W.); (C.T.D.)
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Production of a Thermostable Chitosanase from Shrimp Heads via Paenibacillus mucilaginosus TKU032 Conversion and its Application in the Preparation of Bioactive Chitosan Oligosaccharides. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17040217. [PMID: 30974812 PMCID: PMC6520834 DOI: 10.3390/md17040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosanase has attracted great attention due to its potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and nutraceuticals. In this study, P. mucilaginosus TKU032, a bacterial strain isolated from Taiwanese soil, exhibited the highest chitosanase activity (0.53 U/mL) on medium containing shrimp heads as the sole carbon and nitrogen (C/N) source. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis, a chitosanase isolated from P. mucilaginosus TKU032 cultured on shrimp head medium was determined at approximately 59 kDa. The characterized chitosanase showed interesting properties with optimal temperature and thermal stability up to 70 °C. Three chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) fractions were isolated from hydrolyzed colloidal chitosan that was catalyzed by TKU032 chitosanase. Of these, fraction I showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitor (aGI) activity (65.86% at 20 mg/mL); its inhibitory mechanism followed the mixed noncompetitive inhibition model. Fractions II and III exhibited strong 2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (79.00% at 12 mg/mL and 73.29% at 16 mg/mL, respectively). In summary, the COS fractions obtained by hydrolyzing colloidal chitosan with TKU032 chitosanase may have potential use in medical or nutraceutical fields due to their aGI and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
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Bioactivity-Guided Purification of Novel Herbal Antioxidant and Anti-NO Compounds from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010120. [PMID: 30598014 PMCID: PMC6337563 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Euonymus laxiflorus Champ., a medicinal herb collected in Vietnam, has been reported to show several potent bioactivities, including anti-NO, enzyme inhibition, hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects. Recently, the antioxidant activity of Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. trunk bark (ELCTB) has also been reported. However, the active antioxidant and anti-NO constituents existing in ELCTB have not been reported in the literature. The objective of this study was to purify the active antioxidants from ELCTB and investigate the anti-NO effect of the major constituents. Twenty-two phenolics isolated from ELCTB, including 12 compounds newly isolated in this study (1–12) and 10 constituents obtained from our previous work, were evaluated for their antioxidant activity. Of these, 12 compounds (4–6, 9, 13–15, 18–22) showed a potent antioxidant capacity (FRS50 = 7.8–58.11 µg/mL), in comparison to α-tocopherol (FRS50 = 23 µg/mL). In the anti-NO activity tests, Walterolactone A (1a) and B (1b) β-d-glucopyranoside (13) demonstrated the most effective and comparable activity to that of quercetin with max inhibition and IC50 values of 100%, 1.3 µg/mL, and 100%, 1.21 µg/mL, respectively. The crude extract and its major compounds showed no cytotoxicity on normal cells. Notably, three constituents (9, 11, and 12) were identified as new compounds, another three constituents, including 1, 7, and 8, were found to be new natural products, constituents 9 and 13 were determined to be new antioxidants, and compound 13 was reported to have novel potent anti-NO activity for the first time. The results of this study contribute to the enrichment of new natural products and compounds, as well as the novel biological activity of constituents isolated from Euonymus laxiflorus Champ. The current study also indicates ELCTB as a rich natural source of active phenolics. It is suggested that ELCTB could be developed as a health food with promising antioxidant and anti-NO effects, as well as other beneficial biological activities.
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Reclamation of Marine Chitinous Materials for Chitosanase Production via Microbial Conversion by Paenibacillus macerans. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E429. [PMID: 30400216 PMCID: PMC6265764 DOI: 10.3390/md16110429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitinous materials from marine byproducts elicit great interest among biotechnologists for their potential biomedical or agricultural applications. In this study, four kinds of marine chitinous materials (squid pens, shrimp heads, demineralized shrimp shells, and demineralized crab shells) were used to screen the best source for producing chitosanase by Paenibacillus macerans TKU029. Among them, the chitosanase activity was found to be highest in the culture using the medium containing squid pens as the sole carbon/nitrogen (C/N) source. A chitosanase which showed molecular weights at 63 kDa was isolated from P. macerans cultured on a squid pens medium. The purified TKU029 chitosanase exhibited optimum activity at 60 °C and pH 7, and was stable at temperatures under 50 °C and pH 3-8. An analysis by MALDI-TOF MS revealed that the chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) obtained from the hydrolysis of water-soluble chitosan by TKU029 crude enzyme showed various degrees of polymerization (DP), varying from 3⁻6. The obtained COS enhanced the growth of four lactic acid bacteria strains but exhibited no effect on the growth of E. coli. By specialized growth enhancing effects, the COS produced from hydrolyzing water soluble chitosan with TKU029 chitinolytic enzymes could have potential for use in medicine or nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
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Tran TN, Doan CT, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. The isolation of chitinase from Streptomyces thermocarboxydus and its application in the preparation of chitin oligomers. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Eexopolysaccharide production of Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH: Physical characterizations, emulsification, and antioxidant activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1103-1111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Mahgoub AM, Mahmoud MG, Selim MS, EL Awady ME. Exopolysaccharide from Marine Bacillus velezensis MHM3 Induces Apoptosis of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells through a Mitochondrial Pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:1957-1963. [PMID: 30051679 PMCID: PMC6165642 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.7.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The production of new natural pharmaceutical agents that increase the efficiency of chemotherapy without affecting the normal cells is the goal of all researchers. Therefore, the present study expects to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer studies against MCF-7 cell lines of EPS produced by novel Egyptian marine bacterial strain. Methods: Marine bacterium was isolated, purified and identified by 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequence analyses. MHMEPS (the produced EPS) was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR), monosugars identification by HPLC, molecular weight estimation and sulfur content were determined. While, in-vitro antioxidants characters was determined using various methods and anticancer studies against MCF-7 cell lines. Results: Bacillus velezensis MHM3 produced 5.8 g/L of MHMEPS. The chemical analysis of MHMEPS showed 24% uronic acid and 18.19% sulfate and monosugars glucuronic acid, glucose, fructose and rhamnose with molar ratio of 4.00: 2.00: 1.00: 0.13, correspondingly, with an overall weight average molecular weight Mw of 1.145×104 g/mol and the number average of molecular weights Mn of 5.155 ×103 g/mol. The FTIR analysis and periodate oxidation indicate the existence of β-(1–4) linkage acidic polysaccharide. MHMEPS showed antioxidant scavenging activity against DPPH•, H2O2 and Metal chelating activity, respectively. So, reducing power method give high activity at 500 μg/ml. MHMEPS hinder the proliferation of MCF-7 cells at 5-80 μg/ml compared to the control group. Moreover, induced apoptosis was associated with activation of caspase-3. Also increased cytochrome C levels significantly in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control. The Caspase-3 activity was raised in MHMEPS treated MCF-7 cells compared with the control (p<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the result of DNA fragmentation was confirmed by DNA ladder assay. We presume that MHMEPS has high potential at its low concentration, as a novel restorative agent for the treatment of MCF-7 cells, with no cytotoxicity against normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mahgoub
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt.
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Radhouani H, Gonçalves C, Maia FR, Oliveira JM, Reis RL. Biological performance of a promising Kefiran-biopolymer with potential in regenerative medicine applications: a comparative study with hyaluronic acid. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:124. [PMID: 30051294 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Kefiran from kefir grains, an exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), has received an increasing interest because of its safe status. This natural biopolymer is a water-soluble glucogalactan with probed health-promoting properties. However, its biological performance has yet to be completely recognized and properly exploited. This research was carried out to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of Kefiran biopolymer. Regarding antioxidant activity, the results demonstrated that the Kefiran extract possessed the strongest reducing power and superoxide radical scavenging, over hyaluronic acid (HA, gold standard viscosupplementation treatment). This exopolysaccharide showed a distinct antioxidant performance in the majority of in vitro working mechanisms of antioxidant activity comparing to HA. Moreover, Kefiran presented an interesting capacity to scavenge nitric oxide radical comparing to the gold standard that did not present any potency. Finally, the cytotoxic effects of Kefiran extracts on hASCs were also performed and demonstrated no cytotoxic response, ability to improve cellular function of hASCs. This study demonstrated that Kefiran represented a great scavenger for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and showed also that it could be an excellent candidate to promote tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Radhouani
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.
| | - Cristiana Gonçalves
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - F Raquel Maia
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, University of Minho, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
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Niknezhad SV, Morowvat MH, Najafpour Darzi G, Iraji A, Ghasemi Y. Exopolysaccharide from Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH isolated from nectarine fruit: production in submerged culture and preliminary physicochemical characterizations. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1735-1746. [PMID: 30483438 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS), as potential microbial base polysaccharide source, has plenty of applications due to its unique physicochemical structure. A Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH bacterium with the ability to produce a high amount of EPS was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical tests. The synthesis of EPS by Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH was 13.50 g/L in 48 h when sucrose was used as substrate. The proposed protocol was desirably rapid for massive prodcution of EPS and showed the remarkable impact of sucrose and disodium hydrogen phosphate, peptone, Triton x-100 and 2% (v/v) inoculum size on the yields of EPS production. The EPS was mainly composed of glucose and galactose in a relative molar ration (glucose/galactose) of 85.18:14.82, respectively. The preliminary characterization showed the average molecular-weight of EPS is about 2.522 × 106 Da. The microscopics morphology of polymer was formed irregularly shaped structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Vahid Niknezhad
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.,2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Morowvat
- 2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,3Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Najafpour Darzi
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- 4Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- 2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,3Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
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Nguyen VB, Nguyen TH, Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen AD, Kuo YH, Wang SL. Production and Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Antioxidants with α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Anti-NO Properties from Marine Chitinous Materials. Molecules 2018; 23:E1124. [PMID: 29747410 PMCID: PMC6100624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural and bioactive products have been of great interest due to their benefit as health foods and drugs to prevent various diseases. The aim of this study is to efficiently reuse marine chitinous materials (CMs), abundant and low-cost fishery by-products, for the bio-synthesis, isolation, and identification of antioxidant compounds possessing some other beneficial bioactivities. Paenibacillus sp. was used to convert CMs to antioxidants. Among various tested CMs, squid pen powder (SPP) gave the best results when used as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. Fermented SPP (FSPP) had comparable antioxidant activity (IC50 = 124 µg/mL) to that of α-tocopherol (IC50 = 30 µg/mL). The antioxidant productivity increased 1.83-fold after culture optimization. The use of multiple techniques, including Diaion, silica, and preparative HPLC columns coupled with a bioassay resulted in the isolation of two major antioxidants characterized as exopolysaccharides and homogentisic acid. These isolated compounds showed great maximum activity and low IC50 values (96%, 30 µg/mL and 99%, 5.4 µg/mL, respectively) which were comparable to that of α-tocopherol (95%, 24 µg/mL). The crude sample, fractions, and isolated compounds also demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibition and anti⁻inflammatory activity. Notably, homogentisic acid was found as a non-sugar-based moiety α-glucosidase inhibitor which show much higher inhibition (IC50 = 215 µg/mL) than that of acarbose (IC50 = 1324 µg/mL) and also possessed acceptable anti⁻inflammatory activity (IC50 = 9.8 µg/mL). The results highlighted the value of using seafood processing by-products, like squid pens, for the production of several compounds possessing multi-benefit bioactivities and no cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Bon Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Hanh Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Yao-Haur Kuo
- Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
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Xu H, Li J, Wang L, Fu R, Cheng R, Wang S, Zhang J. Purification and characterization of a highly viscous polysaccharide produced by Paenibacillus strain. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Doan CT, Tran TN, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD, Wang SL. Conversion of Squid Pens to Chitosanases and Proteases via Paenibacillus sp. TKU042. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E83. [PMID: 29517987 PMCID: PMC5867627 DOI: 10.3390/md16030083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosanases and proteases have received much attention due to their wide range of applications. Four kinds of chitinous materials, squid pens, shrimp heads, demineralized shrimp shells and demineralized crab shells, were used as the sole carbon and nitrogen (C/N) source to produce chitosanases, proteases and α-glucosidase inhibitors (αGI) by four different strains of Paenibacillus. Chitosanase productivity was highest in the culture supernatants using squid pens as the sole C/N source. The maximum chitosanase activity of fermented squid pens (0.759 U/mL) was compared to that of fermented shrimp heads (0.397 U/mL), demineralized shrimp shells (0.201 U/mL) and demineralized crab shells (0.216 U/mL). A squid pen concentration of 0.5% was suitable for chitosanase, protease and αGI production via Paenibacillus sp. TKU042. Multi-purification, including ethanol precipitation and column chromatography of Macro-Prep High S as well as Macro-Prep DEAE (diethylaminoethyl), led to the isolation of Paenibacillus sp. TKU042 chitosanase and protease with molecular weights of 70 and 35 kDa, respectively. For comparison, 16 chitinolytic bacteria, including strains of Paenibacillus, were investigated for the production of chitinase, exochitinase, chitosanase, protease and αGI using two kinds of chitinous sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Thang Doan
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Van Bon Nguyen
- Department of Science and Technology, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Dzung Nguyen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Environment, Tay Nguyen University, Buon Ma Thuot City 630000, Vietnam.
| | - San-Lang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
- Life Science Development Center, Tamkang University, New Taipei City 25137, Taiwan.
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Wang SL, Su YC, Nguyen VB, Nguyen AD. Reclamation of shrimp heads for the production of α-glucosidase inhibitors by Staphylococcus sp. TKU043. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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