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Mayer AMS, Mayer VA, Swanson-Mungerson M, Pierce ML, Rodríguez AD, Nakamura F, Taglialatela-Scafati O. Marine Pharmacology in 2019-2021: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:309. [PMID: 39057418 PMCID: PMC11278370 DOI: 10.3390/md22070309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The current 2019-2021 marine pharmacology literature review provides a continuation of previous reviews covering the period 1998 to 2018. Preclinical marine pharmacology research during 2019-2021 was published by researchers in 42 countries and contributed novel mechanism-of-action pharmacology for 171 structurally characterized marine compounds. The peer-reviewed marine natural product pharmacology literature reported antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral mechanism-of-action studies for 49 compounds, 87 compounds with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities that also affected the immune and nervous system, while another group of 51 compounds demonstrated novel miscellaneous mechanisms of action, which upon further investigation, may contribute to several pharmacological classes. Thus, in 2019-2021, a very active preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline provided novel mechanisms of action as well as new lead chemistry for the clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline targeting the therapy of several disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M. S. Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Veronica A. Mayer
- Department of Nursing Education, School of Nursing, Aurora University, 347 S. Gladstone Ave., Aurora, IL 60506, USA;
| | - Michelle Swanson-Mungerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Marsha L. Pierce
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Abimael D. Rodríguez
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00926, USA;
| | - Fumiaki Nakamura
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku 169-8555, Tokyo, Japan;
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Abdel-Hakeem SS, Hassan FAM, Hifney AF, Salem SH. Combating the causative agent of amoebic keratitis, Acanthamoeba castellanii, using Padina pavonica alcoholic extract: toxicokinetic and molecular docking approaches. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13610. [PMID: 38871751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products play a significant role in providing the current demand as antiparasitic agents, which offer an attractive approach for the discovery of novel drugs. The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro the potential impact of seaweed Padina pavonica (P. pavonica) extract in combating Acanthamoeba castellanii (A. castellanii). The phytochemical constituents of the extract were characterized by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Six concentrations of the algal extract were used to evaluate its antiprotozoal activity at various incubation periods. Our results showed that the extract has significant inhibition against trophozoites and cysts viability, with complete inhibition at the high concentrations. The IC50 of P. pavonica extract was 4.56 and 4.89 µg/mL for trophozoites and cysts, respectively, at 24 h. Morphological alterations of A. castellanii trophozoites/cysts treated with the extract were assessed using inverted and scanning electron microscopes and showed severe damage features upon treatment with the extract at different concentrations. Molecular Docking of extracted compounds against Acanthamoeba cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (AcCYP51) was performed using Autodock vina1.5.6. A pharmacokinetic study using SwissADME was also conducted to investigate the potentiality of the identified bioactive compounds from Padina extract to be orally active drug candidates. In conclusion, this study highlights the in vitro amoebicidal activity of P. pavonica extract against A. castellanii adults and cysts and suggests potential AcCYP51 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S Abdel-Hakeem
- Parasitology Laboratory, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Faten A M Hassan
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
| | - Awatief F Hifney
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Shimaa H Salem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
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Lixi F, Vitiello L, Giannaccare G. Marine Natural Products Rescuing the Eye: A Narrative Review. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:155. [PMID: 38667772 PMCID: PMC11050997 DOI: 10.3390/md22040155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Different degrees of visual impairment lead to a decrease in patient wellbeing, which has an adverse effect on many facets of social and professional life. Eye disorders can affect several parts of the eye, most notably the retina and the cornea, and the impacted areas might share a common form of cellular damage or dysfunction (such as inflammation, oxidative stress and neuronal degeneration). Considering that marine organisms inhabit a broad variety of marine habitats, they display a great degree of chemical diversity. As a result, molecules with a marine origin are receiving more and more attention in the hopes of developing novel therapeutic approaches. For instance, fucoxanthin has been demonstrated to be effective in protecting the retina against photo-induced damage, while largazole, astaxanthin and spirulina have all shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities that can be useful for the management of several ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and ocular surface disorders. The aim of this review is to analyze the scientific literature relating to the therapeutic effects on the eye of the main natural marine products, focusing on their mechanism of action and potential clinical uses for the management of ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Lixi
- Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Livio Vitiello
- Eye Unit, “Luigi Curto” Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Salerno, 84035 Polla, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Eye Clinic, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy;
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Garcia MR, Andrade PB, Lefranc F, Gomes NGM. Marine-Derived Leads as Anticancer Candidates by Disrupting Hypoxic Signaling through Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Inhibition. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:143. [PMID: 38667760 PMCID: PMC11051506 DOI: 10.3390/md22040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inadequate vascularization seen in fast-growing solid tumors gives rise to hypoxic areas, fostering specific changes in gene expression that bolster tumor cell survival and metastasis, ultimately leading to unfavorable clinical prognoses across different cancer types. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1 and HIF-2) emerge as druggable pivotal players orchestrating tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, thus positioning them as prime targets for cancer treatment. A range of HIF inhibitors, notably natural compounds originating from marine organisms, exhibit encouraging anticancer properties, underscoring their significance as promising therapeutic options. Bioprospection of the marine environment is now a well-settled approach to the discovery and development of anticancer agents that might have their medicinal chemistry developed into clinical candidates. However, despite the massive increase in the number of marine natural products classified as 'anticancer leads,' most of which correspond to general cytotoxic agents, and only a few have been characterized regarding their molecular targets and mechanisms of action. The current review presents a critical analysis of inhibitors of HIF-1 and HIF-2 and hypoxia-selective compounds that have been sourced from marine organisms and that might act as new chemotherapeutic candidates or serve as templates for the development of structurally similar derivatives with improved anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Garcia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
- 1H-TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Nelson G. M. Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
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Santiago-Benítez AJ, Puerta A, Padrón JM, Norte M, Fernández JJ, Hernández Daranas A, Cen-Pacheco F. Antiproliferative effect of natural and semisynthetic polyethers from Laurencia viridis. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37950735 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2280176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Squalene-derived polyethers are a unique class of compounds that display a great diversity of structures and a broad array of bioactivities, among which its notable antiproliferative activity stands out against various types of cancer cell lines. In this study, eighteen triterpene squalene-derived polyethers, including twelve natural products and six synthetic derivatives, obtained from the red alga Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodríguez & Haroun were screened for their antiproliferative activity against six cancer cell lines: A549, HBL-100, HeLa, SW1573, T-47D, and WiDr; and a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián J Santiago-Benítez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Adrián Puerta
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - José M Padrón
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Manuel Norte
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Cen-Pacheco
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
- Facultad de Bioanálisis, Veracruz University, Veracruz, Ver, México
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García-Davis S, López-Arencibia A, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, San Nicolás-Hernández D, Viveros-Valdez E, Díaz-Marrero AR, Fernández JJ, Lorenzo-Morales J, Piñero JE. Laurequinone, a Lead Compound against Leishmania. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:333. [PMID: 37367658 DOI: 10.3390/md21060333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Among neglected tropical diseases, leishmaniasis is one of the leading causes, not only of deaths but also of disability-adjusted life years. This disease, caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, triggers different clinical manifestations, with cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral forms. As existing treatments for this parasitosis are not sufficiently effective or safe for the patient, in this work, different sesquiterpenes isolated from the red alga Laurencia johnstonii have been studied for this purpose. The different compounds were tested in vitro against the promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis. Different assays were also performed, including the measurement of mitochondrial potential, determination of ROS accumulation, and chromatin condensation, among others, focused on the detection of the cell death process known in this type of organism as apoptosis-like. Five compounds were identified that displayed leishmanicidal activity: laurequinone, laurinterol, debromolaurinterol, isolaurinterol, and aplysin, showing IC50 values against promastigotes of 1.87, 34.45, 12.48, 10.09, and 54.13 µM, respectively. Laurequinone was the most potent compound tested and was shown to be more effective than the reference drug miltefosine against promastigotes. Different death mechanism studies carried out showed that laurequinone appears to induce programmed cell death or apoptosis in the parasite studied. The obtained results underline the potential of this sesquiterpene as a novel anti-kinetoplastid therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara García-Davis
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), |Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Carlos J Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Viveros-Valdez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Avenida Pedro de Alba S/N, San Nicolás de los Garza 66450, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Ana R Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), |Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), |Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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7
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Arberas-Jiménez I, Cen-Pacheco F, Chao-Pellicer J, Sifaoui I, Rizo-Liendo A, Morales EQ, Daranas AH, Díaz-Marrero AR, Piñero JE, Fernández JJ, Lorenzo-Morales J. Identification and characterization of novel marine oxasqualenoid yucatecone against Naegleria fowleri. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2023; 22:61-71. [PMID: 37270868 PMCID: PMC10258243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is an opportunistic protozoan, belonging to the free-living amoeba group, that can be found in warm water bodies. It is causative agent the primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, a fulminant disease with a rapid progression that affects the central nervous system. However, no 100% effective treatments are available and those that are currently used involve the appearance of severe side effects, therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel antiamoebic compounds with low toxicity. In this study, the in vitro activity of six oxasqualenoids obtained from the red algae Laurencia viridis was evaluated against two different strains of N. fowleri (ATCC® 30808 and ATCC® 30215) as well as their cytotoxicity against murine macrophages. Yucatecone was the molecule with the highest selectivity index (>2.98 and 5.23 respectively) and it was selected to continue with the cell death type determination assays. Results showed that yucatone induced programmed cell death like responses in treated amoebae causing DNA condensation and cellular membrane damage among others. In this family of oxasqualenoids, it seems that the most significative structural feature to induce activity against N. fowleri is the presence of a ketone at C-18. This punctual oxidation transforms an inactive compound into a lead compound as the yucatecone and 18-ketodehydrotyrsiferol with IC50 values of 16.25 and 12.70 μM, respectively. The assessment of in silico ADME/Tox analysis revealed that the active compounds showed good Human Oral Absorption and demonstrate that are found to be within the limit of approved drug parameter range. Hence, the study highlights promising potential of yucatone to be tested for therapeutic use against primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Cen-Pacheco
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana (UV), Agustín de Iturbide s/n, Centro, Veracruz, 91700, Mexico
| | - Javier Chao-Pellicer
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Aitor Rizo-Liendo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Q Morales
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna, 38206, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio H Daranas
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna, 38206, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ana R Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna, 38206, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28220, Spain.
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28220, Spain.
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8
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Arberas-Jiménez I, Nocchi N, Chao-Pellicer J, Sifaoui I, Soares AR, Díaz-Marrero AR, Fernández JJ, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. Chamigrane-Type Sesquiterpenes from Laurencia dendroidea as Lead Compounds against Naegleria fowleri. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040224. [PMID: 37103363 PMCID: PMC10143968 DOI: 10.3390/md21040224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is an opportunistic protozoon that can be found in warm water bodies. It is the causative agent of the primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Focused on our interest to develop promising lead structures for the development of antiparasitic agents, this study was aimed at identifying new anti-Naegleria marine natural products from a collection of chamigrane-type sesquiterpenes with structural variety in the levels of saturation, halogenation and oxygenation isolated from Laurencia dendroidea. (+)-Elatol (1) was the most active compound against Naegleria fowleri trophozoites with IC50 values of 1.08 μM against the ATCC 30808™ strain and 1.14 μM against the ATCC 30215™ strain. Furthermore, the activity of (+)-elatol (1) against the resistant stage of N. fowleri was also assessed, showing great cysticidal properties with a very similar IC50 value (1.14 µM) to the one obtained for the trophozoite stage. Moreover, at low concentrations (+)-elatol (1) showed no toxic effect towards murine macrophages and could induce the appearance of different cellular events related to the programmed cell death, such as an increase of the plasma membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species overproduction, mitochondrial malfunction or chromatin condensation. Its enantiomer (−)-elatol (2) was shown to be 34-fold less potent with an IC50 of 36.77 μM and 38.03 μM. An analysis of the structure–activity relationship suggests that dehalogenation leads to a significant decrease of activity. The lipophilic character of these compounds is an essential property to cross the blood-brain barrier, therefore they represent interesting chemical scaffolds to develop new drugs.
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9
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Nicolás-Hernández DS, Rodríguez-Expósito RL, López-Arencibia A, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, Sifaoui I, Salazar-Villatoro L, Omaña-Molina M, Fernández JJ, Díaz-Marrero AR, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. Meroterpenoids from Gongolaria abies-marina against Kinetoplastids: In Vitro Activity and Programmed Cell Death Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040476. [PMID: 37111233 PMCID: PMC10146491 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis and Chagas disease affect millions of people worldwide. The available treatments against these parasitic diseases are limited and display multiple undesired effects. The brown alga belonging to the genus Gongolaria has been previously reported as a source of compounds with different biological activities. In a recent study from our group, Gongolaria abies-marine was proven to present antiamebic activity. Hence, this brown alga could be a promising source of interesting molecules for the development of new antiprotozoal drugs. In this study, four meroterpenoids were isolated and purified from a dichloromethane/ethyl acetate crude extract through a bioguided fractionation process targeting kinetoplastids. Moreover, the in vitro activity and toxicity were evaluated, and the induction of programmed cell death was checked in the most active and less toxic compounds, namely gongolarone B (2), 6Z-1'-methoxyamentadione (3) and 1'-methoxyamentadione (4). These meroterpenoids triggered mitochondrial malfunction, oxidative stress, chromatin condensation and alterations of the tubulin network. Furthermore, a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image analysis showed that meroterpenoids (2-4) induced the formation of autophagy vacuoles and ER and Golgi complex disorganization. The obtained results demonstrated that the mechanisms of action at the cellular level of these compounds were able to induce autophagy as well as an apoptosis-like process in the treated parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén L Rodríguez-Expósito
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos J Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lizbeth Salazar-Villatoro
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico 07360, Mexico
| | - Maritza Omaña-Molina
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla 54090, Mexico
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ana R Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Gongolarones as antiamoeboid chemical scaffold. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114185. [PMID: 36916403 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Free Living Amoeba (FLA) infections caused by Acanthamoeba genus include chronic nervous system diseases such as Granulomatous Amoebic Encephalitis (GAE), or a severe eye infection known as Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Current studies focused on therapy against these diseases are aiming to find novel compounds with amoebicidal activity and low toxicity to human tissues. Brown algae, such as Gongolaria abies-marina (previously known as Cystoseira abies-marina, S.G. Gmelin), presents bioactive molecules of interest, including some with antiprotozoal activity. In this study, six meroterpenoids were isolated and purified from the species Gongolaria abies-marina. Gongolarones A (1), B (2) and C (3) were identified as new compounds. Additionally, cystomexicone B (4), 1'-methoxyamentadione (5) and 6Z-1'-methoxyamentadione (6) were isolated. All compounds exhibited amoebicidal activity against Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff, A. polyphaga and A. griffini strains. Gongolarones A (1) and C (3) showed the lowest IC50 values against the two stages of these amoebae (trophozoite and cyst). Structure-activity relationship revealed that the cyclization by ether formation from C-12 to C-15 of 1, and the isomerization Δ2 t to Δ3 t of 3, increased the antiamoeboid activity of both compounds. Furthermore, gongolarones A (1) and C (3) triggered chromatin condensation, mitochondrial malfunction, oxidative stress, and disorganization of the tubulin-actin cytoskeleton in treated trophozoites. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images analysis revealed that compounds 1 and 3 induced autophagy process and inhibited the encystation process. All those results suggest that both compounds could induce programmed cell death (PCD) in Acanthamoeba.
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11
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Espinosa-García V, Fernandez JJ, Nicolás-Hernández DS, Arberas-Jiménez I, Rodríguez-Expósito RL, Souto ML, Piñero JE, Mendoza G, Lorenzo-Morales J, Trigos Á. Antiparasitic Activity of Compounds Isolated from Ganoderma tuberculosum (Agaricomycetes) from Mexico. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:63-72. [PMID: 37824406 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023049446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The genus Ganoderma has a long history of use in traditional Asiatic medicine due to its different nutritional and medicinal properties. In Mexico, the species G. tuberculosum is used in indigenous communities, for example, the Wixaritari and mestizos of Villa Guerrero Jalisco for the treatment of diseases that may be related to parasitic infections; however, few chemical studies corroborate its traditional medicinal potential. Thereby, the objective of this study was to isolate and identify anti-parasitic activity compounds from a strain of G. tuberculosum native to Mexico. From the fruiting bodies of G. tuberculosum (GVL-21) a hexane extract was obtained which was subjected to guided fractioning to isolate pure compounds. The in vitro anti-parasitic activity of the pure compound (IC50) was assayed against Leishmania amazonensis, Trypanosoma cruzi, Acanthamoeba castellanii Neff, and Naegleria fowleri. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity (CC50) of the isolated compounds was determined against murine macrophages. The guided fractioning produced 5 compounds: ergosterol (1), ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (2), ergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol (3), 3,5-dihydroxy-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (4), and ganoderic acid DM (5). Compounds 2 and 5 showed the best anti-parasitic activity in an IC50 range of 54.34 ± 8.02 to 12.38 ± 2.72 µM against all the parasites assayed and low cytotoxicity against murine macrophages. The present study showed for the first time the in vitro anti-parasitic activity of compounds 1-5 against L. amazonensis, T. cruzi, A. castellanii Neff, and N. fowleri, corroborating the medicinal potential of Ganoderma and its traditional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Espinosa-García
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas 101, 91090 Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Jose J Fernandez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén L Rodríguez-Expósito
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales, Madrid, Spain
| | - María L Souto
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación en Micología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Calle Médicos 5, Unidad del Bosque, 91010 Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Trigos
- Centro de Investigación en Micología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Calle Médicos 5, Unidad del Bosque, 91010 Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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12
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Chuprom J, Sangkanu S, Mitsuwan W, Boonhok R, Mahabusarakam W, Singh LR, Dumkliang E, Jitrangsri K, Paul AK, Surinkaew S, Wilairatana P, Pereira MDL, Rahmatullah M, Wiart C, Oliveira SMR, Nissapatorn V. Anti- Acanthamoeba activity of a semi-synthetic mangostin derivative and its ability in removal of Acanthamoeba triangularis WU19001 on contact lens. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14468. [PMID: 36523474 PMCID: PMC9745913 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinia mangostana L., also known as the mangosteen tree, is a native medicinal plant in Southeast Asia having a wide variety of pharmacologically active compounds, including xanthonoid mangostin. In this study, we examined the pharmacological activities of the selected semi-synthetic mangostin derivative, namely, amoebicidal activity, encystation inhibition, excystation activity, and removal capacity of adhesive Acanthamoeba from the surface of contact lens (CL). Among the three derivatives, C1 exhibited promising anti-Acanthamoeba activity against Acanthamoeba triangularis WU19001 trophozoites and cysts. SEM images displayed morphological changes in Acanthamoeba trophozoites, including the loss of acanthopodia, pore formation in the cell membrane, and membrane damage. In addition, the treated cyst was shrunken and adopted an irregular flat cyst shape. Under a fluorescence microscope, acridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining revealed C1 induced condensation of cytoplasm and chromatin with the loss of cell volume in the treated trophozoites, while calcofluor white staining demonstrated the leakage of cell wall in treated cysts, leading to cell death. Interestingly, at the concentration ranges in which C1 showed the anti-Acanthamoeba effects (IC50 values ranging from 0.035-0.056 mg/mL), they were not toxic to Vero cells. C1 displayed the highest inhibitory effect on A. triangularis encystation at 1/16×MIC value (0.004 mg/mL). While C1 demonstrated the excystation activity at 1/128×MIC value with a high rate of 89.47%. Furthermore, C1 exhibited the removal capacity of adhesive Acanthamoeba from the surface of CL comparable with commercial multipurpose solutions (MPSs). Based on the results obtained, C1 may be a promising lead agent to develop a therapeutic for the treatment of Acanthamoeba infections and disinfectant solutions for CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julalak Chuprom
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand,School of Languages and General Education (SOLGEN), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Suthinee Sangkanu
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Rachasak Boonhok
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Wilawan Mahabusarakam
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - L. Ravithej Singh
- Fluoro-Agrochemicals Division, CSIR–Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India,Chemical Sciences Division, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ekachai Dumkliang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kritamorn Jitrangsri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Alok K. Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sirirat Surinkaew
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Lalmatia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Christophe Wiart
- The Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kin-abalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Sonia Marlene Rodrigues Oliveira
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, Australia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Southeast Asia Water Team (SEA Water Team) and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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13
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The Tetrahydrofuran Motif in Marine Lipids and Terpenes. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20100642. [PMID: 36286465 PMCID: PMC9605582 DOI: 10.3390/md20100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocycles are particularly common moieties within marine natural products. Specifically, tetrahydrofuranyl rings are present in a variety of compounds which present complex structures and interesting biological activities. Focusing on terpenoids, a high number of tetrahydrofuran-containing metabolites have been isolated during the last decades. They show promising biological activities, making them potential leads for novel antibiotics, antikinetoplastid drugs, amoebicidal substances, or anticancer drugs. Thus, they have attracted the attention of the synthetics community and numerous approaches to their total syntheses have appeared. Here, we offer the reader an overview of marine-derived terpenoids and related compounds, their isolation, structure determination, and a special focus on their total syntheses and biological profiles.
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14
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Shing B, Balen M, Fenical W, Debnath A. Development of a Machine Learning-Based Cysticidal Assay and Identification of an Amebicidal and Cysticidal Marine Microbial Metabolite against Acanthamoeba. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0007722. [PMID: 35467370 PMCID: PMC9241814 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00077-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cysticidal assays for Acanthamoeba species revolve around treating cysts with compounds and manually observing the culture for evidence of excystation. This method is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and low throughput. We adapted and trained a YOLOv3 machine learning, object detection neural network to recognize Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and cysts in microscopy images to develop an automated cysticidal assay. This trained neural network was used to count trophozoites in wells treated with compounds of interest to determine if a compound treatment was cysticidal. We validated this new assay with known cysticidal and noncysticidal compounds. In addition, we undertook a large-scale bioluminescence-based screen of 9,286 structurally unique marine microbial metabolite fractions against the trophozoites of A. castellanii and identified 29 trophocidal hits. These hits were then subjected to this machine learning-based automated cysticidal assay. One marine microbial metabolite fraction was identified as both trophocidal and cysticidal. IMPORTANCE The free-living Acanthamoeba can exist as a trophozoite or cyst and both stages can cause painful blinding keratitis. Infection recurrence occurs in approximately 10% of cases due to the lack of efficient drugs that can kill both trophozoites and cysts. Therefore, the discovery of therapeutics that are effective against both stages is a critical unmet need to avert blindness. Current efforts to identify new anti-Acanthamoeba compounds rely primarily upon assays that target the trophozoite stage of the parasite. We adapted and trained a machine learning, object detection neural network to recognize Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts in microscopy images. Our machine learning-based cysticidal assay improved throughput, demonstrated high specificity, and had an exquisite ability to identify noncysticidal compounds. We combined this cysticidal assay with our bioluminescence-based trophocidal assay to screen about 9,000 structurally unique marine microbial metabolites against A. castellanii. Our screen identified a marine metabolite that was both trophocidal and cysticidal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Shing
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Mina Balen
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - William Fenical
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Anjan Debnath
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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15
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Arberas-Jiménez I, García-Davis S, Rizo-Liendo A, Sifaoui I, Morales EQ, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Díaz-Marrero AR, Fernández JJ. Cyclolauranes as plausible chemical scaffold against Naegleria fowleri. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112816. [PMID: 35286966 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a central nervous system (CNS) disease caused by Naegleria fowleri that mainly affects children and young adults with fatal consequences in most of the cases. Treatment protocols are based on the combination of different antimicrobial agents, nonetheless there is the need to develop new anti-Naegleria compounds with low toxicity and full effects compared to the currently used drug combination. The marine environment is a well-established source of bioactive natural products. In this work, we have focused on the structure of Laurencia cyclolaurane-type sesquiterpenes as potential chemical model against Naegleria species. The effects of debromolaurinterol (1) to induce PCD/apoptosis-like events in Naegleria fowleri have been evaluated, revealing that this compound induced reduction of ATP production showing a decrease of 99.98% in treated parasite cells. A SAR analysis have been supported with molecular modeling and analysis of the in silico ADME/Tox properties of the Laurencia sesquiterpenes debromolaurinterol (1), laurinterol (2) and allolaurinterol (3), which reinforce cyclolaurane metabolites as plausible molecular models to develop PAM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Sara García-Davis
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Aitor Rizo-Liendo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Ezequiel Q Morales
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain; Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red M.P. (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain; Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red M.P. (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana R Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Rizo-Liendo A, Arberas-Jiménez I, Sifaoui I, Gkolfi D, Santana Y, Cotos L, Tejedor D, García-Tellado F, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. The therapeutic potential of novel isobenzofuranones against Naegleria fowleri. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2021; 17:139-149. [PMID: 34627024 PMCID: PMC8501684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Free-Living Amoeba species, Naegleria fowleri is the causative agent of a lethal encephalitis known as Primary Amoebic Encephalitis (PAM). Moreover, most of the reported cases are often related to swimming and/or diving in aquatic environments. In addition, the current therapeutic options against PAM are not fully effective and hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic agents against this disease. Previously isobenzofuranones compounds have been reported to present antiprotozoal and antifungal activity among others. However, to the best of our knowledge, these molecules have not been previously tested against N. fowleri. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of 14 novel isobenzofuranones against this pathogenic amoeba. The most active and less toxic molecules, were assayed in order to check induction of Programmed Cell Death (PCD) in the treated amoebae. The obtained results showed that these molecules were able to eliminate N. fowleri trophozoites and also induced PCD. Therefore, the tested isobenzofuranones could be potential therapeutic candidates for the treatment of PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Rizo-Liendo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain; Consorcio Centro De Investigacion Biomedica En Red M.P. (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Inst. de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dimitra Gkolfi
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Yiset Santana
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Leandro Cotos
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - David Tejedor
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain.
| | - Fernando García-Tellado
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda. Fco. Sánchez 3, 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain; Consorcio Centro De Investigacion Biomedica En Red M.P. (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Inst. de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, S/N, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Colaborativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain; Consorcio Centro De Investigacion Biomedica En Red M.P. (CIBER) de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Inst. de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Walvekar S, Anwar A, Anwar A, Lai NJY, Yow YY, Khalid M, Siddiqui R, Khan NA. CONJUGATION WITH SILVER NANOPARTICLES ENHANCES ANTI-ACANTHAMOEBIC ACTIVITY OF KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII. J Parasitol 2021; 107:537-546. [PMID: 34265050 DOI: 10.1645/21-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine has the potential in enhancing the efficacy and bioavailability of anti-infective agents. Here we determined whether conjugation of the Malaysian cultivated seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii with silver-conjugated nanoparticles enhanced anti-acanthamoebic properties. Silver-conjugated K. alvarezii were successfully synthesized, followed by characterization with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and transmission electron microscopy. Amoebicidal effects were evaluated against Acanthamoeba castellanii, and cytotoxicity assays were performed using HaCaT cells. Viability assays revealed that silver nanoparticles conjugated with K. alvarezii extract exhibited significant antiamoebic properties (P < 0.05). Nano-conjugates induced the production of reactive oxygen species. Importantly, silver-conjugated extract inhibited amoeba-mediated host cell damage as established by lactate dehydrogenase release. Neither the nano-conjugates nor the extract showed cytotoxicity against human cells in vitro. Liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy revealed several molecules, including 2,6-nonadien-1-ol, N-desmethyl trifluoperazine, dulciol B, lucidumol A, acetoxolone, 2-[4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-5-(octyloxy)phenol, C16 sphinganine, 22-tricosenoic acid, and β-dihydrorotenone, of which dulciol B and C16 sphinganine are known to possess antimicrobial activities. In summary, marine organisms are an important source of bioactive molecules with anti-acanthamoebic properties that can be enhanced by conjugating with silver nanoparticles. Natural products combined with nanotechnology using multifunctional nanoparticle complexes can deliver therapeutic agents effectively and hold promise in the development of new formulations of anti-acanthamoebic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Walvekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Areeba Anwar
- Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, 57000 Kuala Lampur, Malaysia
| | - Nicole Jean Yean Lai
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yoon-Yen Yow
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Graphene and Advanced 2D Materials Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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The type 2 statins, cerivastatin, rosuvastatin and pitavastatin eliminate Naegleria fowleri at low concentrations and by induction of programmed cell death (PCD). Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104784. [PMID: 33684715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary Amoebic Encephalitis due to Naegleria fowleri species is a fatal infection of the Central Nervous System mostly affecting children and young adults. Infections often occur after performance of risk activities in aquatic habitats such as swimming and splashing. PAḾs therapy remain a key issue to be solved which needs an urgent development. Recently, statins have been highlighted as possible novel compounds to treat PAM. Furthermore, type 2 statins due to improved pharmacological properties and lower toxicity could be use in the future. In the present work, three type 2 statins were checked for their activity against two type strains of N. fowleri. In addition, the effects at the cellular level triggered in treated amoebae were checked in order to evaluate if programmed cell death was induced. The obtained results showed that the tested statins, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin and cerivastatin were able to eliminate N. fowleri trophozoites and also induced PCD. Therefore, type 2 statins could be used in the near future for the treatment of PAM.
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Cen-Pacheco F, Santiago-Benítez AJ, Tsui KY, Tantillo DJ, Fernández JJ, Daranas AH. Structure and Computational Basis for Backbone Rearrangement in Marine Oxasqualenoids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2437-2446. [PMID: 33369417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Six novel oxasqualenoids (polyether triterpenes) were isolated from the red alga Laurencia viridis. Laurokanols A-E (1-5) comprise an unreported tricyclic core with a [6,6]-spiroketal system. Yucatecone (6) shows a biogenetically intriguing epimerization at C14. Quantum mechanical calculations were used to corroborate their structures and to explain key steps involved in the biogenetic mechanisms proposed for the formation of oxasqualenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Cen-Pacheco
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Departmento de Química Orgánica, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 Tenerife, Spain.,Facultad de Bioanálisis, Campus-Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana, 91700 Veracruz, México
| | - Adrián J Santiago-Benítez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Departmento de Química Orgánica, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ka Yi Tsui
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Dean J Tantillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio González (IUBO-AG), Departmento de Química Orgánica, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández Daranas
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
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Gonçalves KG, da Silva LL, Soares AR, Romeiro NC. Acetylcholinesterase as a target of halogenated marine natural products from Laurencia dendroidea. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Laurinterol from Laurencia johnstonii eliminates Naegleria fowleri triggering PCD by inhibition of ATPases. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17731. [PMID: 33082417 PMCID: PMC7576160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74729-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary amoebic encephalitis (PAM) is a lethal disease caused by the opportunistic pathogen, Naegleria fowleri. This amoebic species is able to live freely in warm aquatic habitats and to infect children and young adults when they perform risk activities in these water bodies such as swimming or splashing. Besides the need to increase awareness of PAM which will allow an early diagnosis, the development of fully effective therapeutic agents is needed. Current treatment options are amphotericin B and miltefosine which are not fully effective and also present toxicity issues. In this study, the in vitro activity of various sesquiterpenes isolated from the red alga Laurencia johnstonii were tested against the trophozoite stage of a strain of Naegleria fowleri. Moreover, the induced effects (apoptotic cell death) of the most active compound, laurinterol (1), was evaluated by measuring DNA condensation, damages at the mitochondrial level, cell membrane disruption and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The obtained results demonstrated that laurinterol was able to eliminate the amoebae at concentrations of 13.42 ± 2.57 µM and also to induced programmed cell death (PCD) in the treated amoebae. Moreover, since ATP levels were highly affected and laurinterol has been previously reported as an inhibitor of the Na+/K+-ATPase sodium–potassium ion pump, comparison with known inhibitors of ATPases were carried out. Our results points out that laurinterol was able to inhibit ENA ATPase pump at concentrations 100 times lower than furosemide.
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Rizo-Liendo A, Sifaoui I, Arberas-Jiménez I, Reyes-Batlle M, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. Fluvastatin and atorvastatin induce programmed cell death in the brain eating amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Rizo-Liendo A, Sifaoui I, Cartuche L, Arberas-Jiménez I, Reyes-Batlle M, Fernández JJ, Piñero JE, Díaz-Marrero AR, Lorenzo-Morales J. Evaluation of Indolocarbazoles from Streptomyces sanyensis as a Novel Source of Therapeutic Agents against the Brain-Eating Amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050789. [PMID: 32466301 PMCID: PMC7285321 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is an opportunistic pathogenic free-living amoeba which is able to rapidly colonize the central nervous system (CNS) and causes a lethal infection known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Furthermore, more than 98% of the known cases of PAM are fatal and affect mainly children under 12 and young adults. Until now, no fully effective therapeutic agents against N. fowleri are available and hence the urgent need to find novel agents to treat PAM. At present, PAM therapy is based on the combination of amphotericin B, miltefosine, among others, with unwanted toxic effects. Recently, our team isolated various indolocarbazoles (ICZs) from the culture of a mangrove strain of Streptomyces sanyensis which showed activity against kinetoplastids and the Acanthamoeba genus. Hence, in this study, the activity of the previously isolated ICZs, staurosporine (STS), 7-oxostaurosporine (7OSTS), 4′-demethylamino-4′-oxostaurosporine, and streptocarbazole B, was evaluated against two type strains of N. fowleri. Furthermore, the performed activity assays revealed that STS was the most active ICZ presenting an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of 0.08 ± 0.02 µM (SI 109.3). Moreover, STS induced programmed cell death (PCD) in the treated amoebae by triggering DNA condensation, mitochondrial disfunction, cell membrane disruption, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Therefore, STS could be a promising therapeutic agent against PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Rizo-Liendo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (I.S.); (I.A.-J.); (M.R.-B.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (I.S.); (I.A.-J.); (M.R.-B.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Luis Cartuche
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (L.C.); (J.J.F.); (A.R.D.-M.)
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Sección Química Básica y Aplicada, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), San Cayetano alto s/n, 1101608 Loja, Ecuador
| | - Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (I.S.); (I.A.-J.); (M.R.-B.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (I.S.); (I.A.-J.); (M.R.-B.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José J. Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (L.C.); (J.J.F.); (A.R.D.-M.)
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E. Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (I.S.); (I.A.-J.); (M.R.-B.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Ana R. Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (L.C.); (J.J.F.); (A.R.D.-M.)
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IUETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez s/n, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (I.S.); (I.A.-J.); (M.R.-B.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, 38203 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
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24
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Cartuche L, Reyes-Batlle M, Sifaoui I, Arberas-Jiménez I, Piñero JE, Fernández JJ, Lorenzo-Morales J, Díaz-Marrero AR. Antiamoebic Activities of Indolocarbazole Metabolites Isolated from Streptomyces sanyensis Cultures. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17100588. [PMID: 31627366 PMCID: PMC6836125 DOI: 10.3390/md17100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Indolocarbazoles are a family of natural alkaloids characterized by their potent protein kinase and topoisomerase I inhibitory activity. Among them, staurosporine (1) has exhibited promising inhibitory activity against parasites. Based on new insights on the activity and mechanism of action of STS in Acanthamoeba parasites, this work reports the isolation, identification, and the anti-Acanthamoeba activity of the minor metabolites 7-oxostaurosporine (2), 4′-demethylamino-4′-oxostaurosporine (3), and streptocarbazole B (4), isolated from cultures of the mangrove strain Streptomyces sanyensis. A clear correlation between the antiparasitic activities and the structural elements and conformations of the indolocarbazoles 1–4 was observed. Also, the study reveals that 7-oxostaurosporine (2) affects membrane permeability and causes mitochondrial damages on trophozoites of A. castellanii Neff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cartuche
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Sección Química Básica y Aplicada, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), San Cayetano alto s/n, A.P. 1101608 Loja, Ecuador.
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Islas Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Islas Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Iñigo Arberas-Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Islas Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Islas Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez, 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Islas Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Ana R Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Díaz-Marrero AR, López-Arencibia A, Bethencout-Estrella CJ, Cen-Pacheco F, Sifaoui I, Hernández Creus A, Duque-Ramírez MC, Souto ML, Hernández Daranas A, Lorenzo-Morales J, Piñero JE, Fernández JJ. Antiprotozoal activities of marine polyether triterpenoids. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103276. [PMID: 31539745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chagas disease and leishmaniasis are tropical neglected diseases caused by kinetoplastids protozoan parasites of Trypanosoma and Leishmania genera, and a public health burden with high morbidity and mortality rates in developing countries. Among difficulties with their epidemiological control, a major problem is their limited and toxic treatments to attend the affected populations; therefore, new therapies are needed in order to find new active molecules. In this work, sixteen Laurencia oxasqualenoid metabolites, natural compounds 1-11 and semisynthetic derivatives 12-16, were tested against Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma cruzi. The results obtained point out that eight substances possess potent activities, with IC50 values in the range of 5.40-46.45 µM. The antikinetoplastid action mode of the main metabolite dehydrothyrsiferol (1) was developed, also supported by AFM images. The semi-synthetic active compound 28-iodosaiyacenol B (15) showed an IC50 5.40 µM against Leishmania amazonensis, turned to be non-toxic against the murine macrophage cell line J774A.1 (CC50 > 100). These values are comparable with the reference compound miltefosine IC50 6.48 ± 0.24 and CC50 72.19 ± 3.06 μM, suggesting that this substance could be scaffold for development of new antikinetoplastid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Díaz-Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Carlos J Bethencout-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Cen-Pacheco
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Facultad de Bioanálisis, Campus-Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana (UV), Veracruz 91700, Mexico
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alberto Hernández Creus
- Departamento de Química, Área de Química Física, Instituto de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
| | - María Clara Duque-Ramírez
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - María L Souto
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernández Daranas
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias (IETSPC), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - José J Fernández
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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26
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Rizo-Liendo A, Sifaoui I, Reyes-Batlle M, Chiboub O, Rodríguez-Expósito RL, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, San Nicolás-Hernández D, Hendiger EB, López-Arencibia A, Rocha-Cabrera P, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. In Vitro Activity of Statins against Naegleria fowleri. Pathogens 2019; 8:E122. [PMID: 31398829 PMCID: PMC6789626 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri causes a deadly disease called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). Even though PAM is still considered a rare disease, the number of reported cases worldwide has been increasing each year. Among the factors to be considered for this, awareness about this disease, and also global warming, as these amoebae thrive in warm water bodies, seem to be the key factors. Until present, no fully effective drugs have been developed to treat PAM, and the current options are amphotericin B and miltefosine, which present side effects such as liver and kidney toxicity. Statins are able to inhibit the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which is a key enzyme for the synthesis of ergosterol of the cell membrane of these amoebae. Therefore, the in vitro activity of a group of statins was tested in this study against two types of strains of Naegleria fowleri. The obtained results showed that fluvastatin was the most effective statin tested in this study and was able to eliminate these amoebae at concentrations of 0.179 ± 0.078 to 1.682 ± 0.775 µM depending on the tested strain of N. fowleri. Therefore, fluvastatin could be a potential novel therapeutic agent against this emerging pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Rizo-Liendo
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Carthage 1054, Tunisia
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Olfa Chiboub
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
- Laboratoire Matériaux-Molécules et Applications, La Marsa, University of Carthage, Carthage 1054, Tunisia
| | - Rubén L Rodríguez-Expósito
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Carlos J Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Edyta B Hendiger
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Pedro Rocha-Cabrera
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
- Clínica Nivaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, 38203 Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez S/N, 38203 Tenerife, Spain.
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