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James K, Macreadie PI, Burdett HL, Davies I, Kamenos NA. It's time to broaden what we consider a 'blue carbon ecosystem'. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17261. [PMID: 38712641 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Photoautotrophic marine ecosystems can lock up organic carbon in their biomass and the associated organic sediments they trap over millennia and are thus regarded as blue carbon ecosystems. Because of the ability of marine ecosystems to lock up organic carbon for millennia, blue carbon is receiving much attention within the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development as a nature-based solution (NBS) to climate change, but classically still focuses on seagrass meadows, mangrove forests, and tidal marshes. However, other coastal ecosystems could also be important for blue carbon storage, but remain largely neglected in both carbon cycling budgets and NBS strategic planning. Using a meta-analysis of 253 research publications, we identify other coastal ecosystems-including mud flats, fjords, coralline algal (rhodolith) beds, and some components or coral reef systems-with a strong capacity to act as blue carbon sinks in certain situations. Features that promote blue carbon burial within these 'non-classical' blue carbon ecosystems included: (1) balancing of carbon release by calcification via carbon uptake at the individual and ecosystem levels; (2) high rates of allochthonous organic carbon supply because of high particle trapping capacity; (3) high rates of carbon preservation and low remineralization rates; and (4) location in depositional environments. Some of these features are context-dependent, meaning that these ecosystems were blue carbon sinks in some locations, but not others. Therefore, we provide a universal framework that can evaluate the likelihood of a given ecosystem to behave as a blue carbon sink for a given context. Overall, this paper seeks to encourage consideration of non-classical blue carbon ecosystems within NBS strategies, allowing more complete blue carbon accounting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter I Macreadie
- Marine Research and Innovation Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heidi L Burdett
- Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Umeå University, Norrbyn, Sweden
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Nicholas A Kamenos
- Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Umeå University, Norrbyn, Sweden
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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da Silva MK, Barreto DLC, Vieira R, Neto AA, de Oliveira FS, Convey P, Rosa CA, Duarte AWF, Rosa LH. Diversity and enzymatic, biosurfactant and phytotoxic activities of culturable Ascomycota fungi present in marine sediments obtained near the South Shetland Islands, maritime Antarctica. Extremophiles 2024; 28:20. [PMID: 38493412 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-024-01336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
We studied the culturable fungal community recovered from deep marine sediments in the maritime Antarctic, and assessed their capabilities to produce exoenzymes, emulsifiers and metabolites with phytotoxic activity. Sixty-eight Ascomycota fungal isolates were recovered and identified. The most abundant taxon recovered was the yeast Meyerozyma guilliermondii, followed by the filamentous fungi Penicillium chrysogenum, P. cf. palitans, Pseudeurotium cf. bakeri, Thelebolus balaustiformis, Antarctomyces psychrotrophicus and Cladosporium sp. Diversity indices displayed low values overall, with the highest values obtained at shallow depth, decreasing to the deepest location sampled. Only M. guilliermondii and P. cf. palitans were detected in the sediments at all depths sampled, and were the most abundant taxa at all sample sites. The most abundant enzymes detected were proteases, followed by invertases, cellulases, lipases, carrageenases, agarases, pectinases and esterases. Four isolates showed good biosurfactant activity, particularly the endemic species A. psychrotrophicus. Twenty-four isolates of P. cf. palitans displayed strong phytotoxic activities against the models Lactuca sativa and Allium schoenoprasum. The cultivable fungi recovered demonstrated good biosynthetic activity in the production of hydrolytic exoenzymes, biosurfactant molecules and metabolites with phytotoxic activity, reinforcing the importance of documenting the taxonomic, ecological and biotechnological properties of fungi present in deep oceanic sediments of the Southern Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayanne Karla da Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Luiza Costa Barreto
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Vieira
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur Ayres Neto
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
| | - Carlos Augusto Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 486, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
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Georgieva ML, Bilanenko EN, Ponizovskaya VB, Kokaeva LY, Georgiev AA, Efimenko TA, Markelova NN, Kuvarina AE, Sadykova VS. Haloalkalitolerant Fungi from Sediments of the Big Tambukan Saline Lake (Northern Caucasus): Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2587. [PMID: 37894245 PMCID: PMC10609068 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We have performed a characterization of cultivated haloalkalitolerant fungi from the sediments of Big Tambukan Lake in order to assess their biodiversity and antimicrobial activity. This saline, slightly alkaline lake is known as a source of therapeutic sulfide mud used in sanatoria of the Caucasian Mineral Waters, Russia. Though data on bacteria and algae observed in this lake are available in the literature, data on fungi adapted to the conditions of the lake are lacking. The diversity of haloalkalitolerant fungi was low and represented by ascomycetes of the genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chordomyces, Emericellopsis, Fusarium, Gibellulopsis, Myriodontium, Penicillium, and Pseudeurotium. Most of the fungi were characterized by moderate alkaline resistance, and they tolerated NaCl concentrations up to 10% w/v. The analysis of the antimicrobial activity of fungi showed that 87.5% of all strains were active against Bacillus subtilis, and 39.6% were also determined to be effective against Escherichia coli. The majority of the strains were also active against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, about 66.7% and 62.5%, respectively. These studies indicate, for the first time, the presence of polyextremotolerant fungi in the sediments of Big Tambukan Lake, which probably reflects their involvement in the formation of therapeutic muds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina L. Georgieva
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Elena N. Bilanenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Valeria B. Ponizovskaya
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Lyudmila Y. Kokaeva
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
- Faculty of Soil Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton A. Georgiev
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.B.); (V.B.P.); (L.Y.K.); (A.A.G.)
| | - Tatiana A. Efimenko
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Natalia N. Markelova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Anastasia E. Kuvarina
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
| | - Vera S. Sadykova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, St. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia; (T.A.E.); (N.N.M.); (A.E.K.)
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Nicoletti R, Bellavita R, Falanga A. The Outstanding Chemodiversity of Marine-Derived Talaromyces. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1021. [PMID: 37509057 PMCID: PMC10377321 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi in the genus Talaromyces occur in every environment in both terrestrial and marine contexts, where they have been quite frequently found in association with plants and animals. The relationships of symbiotic fungi with their hosts are often mediated by bioactive secondary metabolites, and Talaromyces species represent a prolific source of these compounds. This review highlights the biosynthetic potential of marine-derived Talaromyces strains, using accounts from the literature published since 2016. Over 500 secondary metabolites were extracted from axenic cultures of these isolates and about 45% of them were identified as new products, representing a various assortment of chemical classes such as alkaloids, meroterpenoids, isocoumarins, anthraquinones, xanthones, phenalenones, benzofurans, azaphilones, and other polyketides. This impressive chemodiversity and the broad range of biological properties that have been disclosed in preliminary assays qualify these fungi as a valuable source of products to be exploited for manifold biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Nicoletti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Rosa Bellavita
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Napoli, Italy
| | - Annarita Falanga
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Organic Farm Bedded Pack System Microbiomes: A Case Study with Comparisons to Similar and Different Bedded Packs. DAIRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/dairy3030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal housing and bedding materials influence cow and farm worker exposure to microbial pathogens, biocontrol agents, and/or allergens. This case study represents an effort to characterize the bacterial and fungal community of bedding systems using an amplicon sequencing approach supplemented with the ecological assessment of cultured Trichocomaceae isolates (focusing on Penicillium and Aspergillus species) and yeasts (Saccharomycetales). Bedding from five certified organic dairy farms in northern Vermont USA were sampled monthly between October 2015 and May 2016. Additional herd level samples from bulk tank milk and two bedding types were collected from two farms to collect fungal isolates for culturing and ecology. Most of the microorganisms in cattle bedding were microbial decomposers (saprophytes) or coprophiles, on account of the bedding being composed of dead plant matter, cattle feces, and urine. Composition of bacterial and fungal communities exhibited distinct patterns of ecological succession measured through time and by bedding depth. Community composition patterns were related to management practices and choice of bedding material. Aspergillus and Penicillium species exhibited niche differentiation expressed as differential substrate requirements; however, they generally exhibited traits of early colonizers of bedding substrates, typically rich in carbon and low in nitrogen. Pichia kudriavzevii was the most prevalent species cultured from milk and bedding. P. kudriavzevii produced protease and its abundance directly related to temperature. The choice of bedding and its management represent a potential opportunity to curate the microbial community of the housing environment.
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Xu KX, Shan XN, Ruan Y, Deng J, Wang L. Three new Penicillium species isolated from the tidal flats of China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13224. [PMID: 35547185 PMCID: PMC9083529 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
During a survey of culturable fungi in the coastal areas of China, three new species of Penicillium sect. Lanata-Divaricata were discovered and studied with a polyphasic taxonomic approach, and then named as P. donggangicum sp. nov. (ex-type AS3.15900T = LN5H1-4), P. hepuense sp. nov. (ex-type AS3.16039T = TT2-4X3, AS3.16040 = TT2-6X3) and P. jiaozhouwanicum sp. nov. (ex-type AS3.16038T = 0801H2-2, AS3.16207 = ZZ2-9-3). In morphology, P. donggangicum is unique in showing light yellow sclerotia and mycelium, sparse sporulation, restricted growth at 37 °C, irregular conidiophores, intercalary phialides and metulae, and pyriform to subspherical conidia. P. hepuense is distinguished by the fast growth on CYA and YES and slow growth on MEA at 25 °C, weak or absence of growth at 37 °C, biverticillate and monoverticillate penicilli, and ellipsoidal conidia. P. jiaozhouwanicum is characterized by abundant grayish-green conidia en masse and moderate growth at 37 °C, the appressed biverticillate penicilli and fusiform, smooth-walled conidia. These three novelties were further confirmed by the phylogenetic analyses based on either the combined BenA-CaM-Rpb2 or the individual BenA, CaM, Rpb2 and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Xu
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xia-Nan Shan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongming Ruan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - JianXin Deng
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wei YL, Long ZJ, Ren MX. Microbial community and functional prediction during the processing of salt production in a 1000-year-old marine solar saltern of South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:152014. [PMID: 34852250 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In Hainan Island, South China, a 1000-year-old marine saltern has been identified as an intangible cultural heritage due to its historical complicated salt-making techniques, whereas the knowledge about this saltern is extremely limited. Herein, DNA sequencing and biochemical technologies were applied to determine bacterial and fungal communities of this saltern and their possible functions during four stages of salt-making, i.e. seawater storage, mud solarization, brine concentrating, and solar crystallization. The results showed that both of bacterial and fungal communities were suffered from significant changes during processing of salt-making in Danzhou Ancient Saltern, whereas the richness and diversity of bacterial community dominated by Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Cyanobacteria was considerably greater than that of fungal community dominated by Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. Additionally, the succession of bacterial community was closely associated with both of salt physicochemical properties (Na+, Cl-, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and bacteria themselves, whereas fungal community was more closely associated with physicochemical properties than fungi themselves. Importantly, Cyanobium_PCC-6307, Synechococcus_CC9902, Marinobacter, Prevotella and Halomonas as dominant bacterial genera respectively related to the metabolisms of amino acid, carbohydrate, terpenoids/polyketides, lipid and nucleotide were correlated with salt flavors. Saprophytic and saprotroph-symbiotroph fungi dominated by Aspergillus, Mortierella, Amanita, Neocucurbitaria and Tausonia also played core roles in the formation of salt flavors including umami and sweet smells. These findings revealed the highly specified microbiome community in this 1000-year-old saltern that mainly selected by brine solarization on basalt platforms, which is helpful to explore the underlying mechanisms of traditional salt-making techniques and to explore the useful microbes for nowadays food, medicine and chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Center for Terrestrial Biodiversity of the South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Zi-Jie Long
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Center for Terrestrial Biodiversity of the South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Ming-Xun Ren
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China; Center for Terrestrial Biodiversity of the South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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Sun XR, Xu MY, Kong WL, Wu F, Zhang Y, Xie XL, Li DW, Wu XQ. Fine Identification and Classification of a Novel Beneficial Talaromyces Fungal Species from Masson Pine Rhizosphere Soil. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020155. [PMID: 35205909 PMCID: PMC8877249 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere fungi have the beneficial functions of promoting plant growth and protecting plants from pests and pathogens. In our preliminary study, rhizosphere fungus JP-NJ4 was obtained from the soil rhizosphere of Pinus massoniana and selected for further analyses to confirm its functions of phosphate solubilization and plant growth promotion. In order to comprehensively investigate the function of this strain, it is necessary to ascertain its taxonomic position. With the help of genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) using five genes/regions (ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB1, and RPB2) as well as macro-morphological and micro-morphological characters, we accurately determined the classification status of strain JP-NJ4. The concatenated phylogenies of five (or four) gene regions and single gene phylogenetic trees (ITS, BenA, CaM, RPB1, and RPB2 genes) all show that strain JP-NJ4 clustered together with Talaromyces brevis and Talaromyces liani, but differ markedly in the genetic distance (in BenA gene) from type strain and multiple collections of T. brevis and T. liani. The morphology of JP-NJ4 largely matches the characteristics of genes Talaromyces, and the rich and specific morphological information provided by its colonies was different from that of T. brevis and T. liani. In addition, strain JP-NJ4 could produce reduced conidiophores consisting of solitary phialides. From molecular and phenotypic data, strain JP-NJ4 was identified as a putative novel Talaromyces fungal species, designated T. nanjingensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
| | - Ming-Ye Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
| | - Wei-Liang Kong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
| | - Fei Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
| | - Xing-Li Xie
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
| | - De-Wei Li
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Valley Laboratory, Windsor, CT 06095, USA;
| | - Xiao-Qin Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; (X.-R.S.); (M.-Y.X.); (W.-L.K.); (F.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.-L.X.)
- Correspondence:
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Han PJ, Sun JQ, Wang L. Two New Sexual Talaromyces Species Discovered in Estuary Soil in China. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 8:jof8010036. [PMID: 35049976 PMCID: PMC8778840 DOI: 10.3390/jof8010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the survey of mycobiota of mudflats in China, two new sexually reproducing Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces species were discovered and studied using a polyphasic approach. These species are named here Talaromyces haitouensis (ex-type AS3.160101T) and Talaromyces zhenhaiensis (ex-type AS3.16102T). Morphologically, T. haitouensis is distinguished by moderate growth, green-yellow gymnothecia, orange-brown mycelium, and echinulate ellipsoidal ascospores. T. zhenhaiensis is characterized by fast growth, absence of sporulation, cream yellow to naphthalene yellow gymnothecia and mycelium, and smooth-walled ellipsoidal ascospores with one equatorial ridge. The two novelties are further confirmed by phylogenetic analyses based on either individual sequences of BenA, CaM, Rpb2, and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 or the concatenated BenA-CaM-Rpb2 sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Jian-Qiu Sun
- Department of biology, School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
| | - Long Wang
- Department of biology, School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China;
- Correspondence:
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Azpiazu-Muniozguren M, Perez A, Rementeria A, Martinez-Malaxetxebarria I, Alonso R, Laorden L, Gamboa J, Bikandi J, Garaizar J, Martinez-Ballesteros I. Fungal Diversity and Composition of the Continental Solar Saltern in Añana Salt Valley (Spain). J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:1074. [PMID: 34947056 PMCID: PMC8703443 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Añana Salt Valley in Spain is an active continental solar saltern formed 220 million years ago. To date, no fungal genomic studies of continental salterns have been published, although DNA metabarcoding has recently expanded researchers' ability to study microbial community structures. Accordingly, the aim of this present study was to evaluate fungal diversity using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) metabarcoding at different locations along the saltern (springs, ponds, and groundwater) to describe the fungal community of this saline environment. A total of 380 fungal genera were detected. The ubiquity of Saccharomyces was observed in the saltern, although other halotolerant and halophilic fungi like Wallemia, Cladosporium, and Trimmatostroma were also detected. Most of the fungi observed in the saltern were saprotrophs. The fungal distribution appeared to be influenced by surrounding conditions, such as the plant and soil contact, cereal fields, and vineyards of this agricultural region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Azpiazu-Muniozguren
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Alba Perez
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Aitor Rementeria
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Barrio Sarriena s/n, 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Irati Martinez-Malaxetxebarria
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Rodrigo Alonso
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Lorena Laorden
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Javier Gamboa
- Biogenetics, Portal de Zurbano 3, 6-B, 01013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain;
| | - Joseba Bikandi
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Javier Garaizar
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
| | - Ilargi Martinez-Ballesteros
- MikroIker Research Group, Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (M.A.-M.); (A.P.); (I.M.-M.); (R.A.); (L.L.); (J.B.); (J.G.)
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11
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He X, Xie H, Gao D, Khashi U Rahman M, Zhou X, Wu F. Biochar and Intercropping With Potato-Onion Enhanced the Growth and Yield Advantages of Tomato by Regulating the Soil Properties, Nutrient Uptake, and Soil Microbial Community. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:695447. [PMID: 34512573 PMCID: PMC8429823 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.695447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of biochar stimulates the activities of microorganisms that affect soil quality and plant growth. However, studies on the impacts of biochar mainly focus on a monoculture, its effects on interspecific interactions are rarely reported. Here, we investigated the impacts of biochar on tomato/potato-onion intercropped (TO) in a pot experiment. Tomato monoculture (T) and TO were treated with no, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.2% biochar concentrations in a pot experiment. Microbial communities from tomato rhizosphere soil were analyzed by quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq. The results showed that compared with the tomato monoculture, 0.6%TO and 1.2%TO significantly increased tomato yield in 2018. TO and 1.2%TO significantly increased plant height and dry weight in 2018 and 2019. Biochar treatments increased soil pH, decreased NO 3 - -N and bulk density, and increased the absorption of N, P, and K by tomato. Bacterial and fungal abundances increased with an increase in biochar concentration, while Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. abundances showed an "increase-decrease-increase" trend. Biochar had a little effect on bacterial diversities but significantly lowered fungal diversities. TO, 0.6%TO, and 1.2%TO increased the potentially beneficial organisms (e.g., Pseudeurotium and Solirubrobacter) and lowered the potentially pathogenic organisms (e.g., Kribbella and Ilyonectria). Different concentrations of biochar affected the bacterial and fungal community structures. Redundancy analysis indicated that the bacterial community was strongly correlated with soil pH, NO 3 - -N, and EC, while the fungal community was closely related to soil NO 3 - -N and moisture. The network analysis showed that biochar and intercropping affected the symbiosis pattern of the microorganisms and increased the proportion of positive interactions and nitrifying microorganisms (Nitrospirae) in the microbial community. Overall, our results indicated that monoculture and intercropping with biochar improved soil physicochemical states and plant nutrient absorption, and regulated soil microbial communities, these were the main factors to promote tomato growth and increase tomato productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjia He
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Danmei Gao
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - M Khashi U Rahman
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cold Area Vegetable Biology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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12
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Lee H, Heo YM, Kwon SL, Yoo Y, Kim D, Lee J, Kwon BO, Khim JS, Kim JJ. Environmental drivers affecting the bacterial community of intertidal sediments in the Yellow Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142726. [PMID: 33082038 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal flats, as transition zones where terrestrial and marine ecosystems meet, provide unique environments and play an important role in marine ecosystems. In particular, the environmental characteristics of tidal marshes show are different than those of bare flats, especially in the rhizosphere. However, unlike the rhizosphere in terrestrial ecosystems, the rhizosphere of plants in tidal marsh areas and the associated microbial community have been the focus of very little research. Thus, this study investigated the diversity and variation in bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of a Phragmites australis and Suaeda japonica and along the sediment depths. High-throughput sequencing was performed by amplifying the 16S rRNA gene of environmental DNA extracted from sediment cores, and indicator species were identified with respect to the vegetation type and sediment depth. The most abundant phylum was Proteobacteria, followed by Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Firmicutes. In general, the results indicated that not only vegetation type and sediment depth themselves but also their interaction resulted in significant differences among the bacterial communities. The envfit results revealed that the environmental variables of sediment, such as mud content, organic matter, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen, had significant effects on the bacterial community structure. The indicator species varied depending on the vegetation type and sediment depth, showing significant correlations with certain selected environmental variables, but were fundamentally related to the rhizosphere. Overall, this study revealed the key factors that determine the bacterial community structure in tidal marshes and the indicator species according to vegetation type in the little studied rhizosphere of the intertidal ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbyul Lee
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Heo
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Lul Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjae Yoo
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Kim
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Oh Kwon
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Successional Variation in the Soil Microbial Community in Odaesan National Park, Korea. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12114795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Succession is defined as variation in ecological communities caused by environmental changes. Environmental succession can be caused by rapid environmental changes, but in many cases, it is slowly caused by climate change or constant low-intensity disturbances. Odaesan National Park is a well-preserved forest located in the Taebaek mountain range in South Korea. The forest in this national park is progressing from a mixed-wood forest to a broad-leaved forest. In this study, microbial community composition was investigated using 454 sequencing of soil samples collected from 13 different locations in Odaesan National Park. We assessed whether microbial communities are affected by changes in environmental factors such as water content (WC), nutrient availability (total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN)) and pH caused by forest succession. WC, TC, TN and pH significantly differed between the successional stages of the forest. The WC, TC and TN of the forest soils tended to increase as succession progressed, while pH tended to decrease. In both successional stages, the bacterial genus Pseudolabrys was the most abundant, followed by Afipia and Bradyrhizobium. In addition, the fungal genus Saitozyma showed the highest abundance in the forest soils. Microbial community composition changed according to forest successional stage and soil properties (WC, TC, TN, and pH). Furthermore, network analysis of both bacterial and fungal taxa revealed strong relationships of the microbial community depending on the soil properties affected by forest succession.
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Diversity of Trichoderma spp. in Marine Environments and Their Biological Potential for Sustainable Industrial Applications. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are regarded as a sustainable source of biologically active molecules. Among them, Trichoderma spp. have been an attractive source of biological compounds. However, the study of marine-derived Trichoderma has developed slowly because of the difficulty in isolating the fungi. In our study, 30 strains of marine-derived Trichoderma were identified through the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1α) sequences, and their biological activities, such as antioxidant activity by ABTS and DPPH assays, antifungal activity against Asteromyces cruciatus and Lindra thalassiae, and tyrosinase inhibition activity, were investigated. As a result, the 30 marine Trichoderma species were classified into 21 taxa, including three new species candidates. Three strains of T. asperellum showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity and antifungal activity. T. bissettii SFC20170821-M05 and T. guizhouense SFC20180619-M23 showed notable DPPH radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity, respectively. This study showed the potential of marine-derived Trichoderma as a source of bioactive compounds.
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Marine Microbial Diversity as a Source of Bioactive Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18040215. [PMID: 32316094 PMCID: PMC7231043 DOI: 10.3390/md18040215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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