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Zhu B, Li L, Yuan X. Efficient preparation of alginate oligosaccharides by using alginate lyases and evaluation of the development promoting effects on Brassica napus L. in saline-alkali environment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:131917. [PMID: 38679252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic degradation of alginate for the preparation of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) is currently receiving significant attention in the field. AOS has been shown to promote crop growth and improve plant resistance to abiotic stresses. In this study, two PL6 family alginate lyases, AlyRmA and AlyRmB, were expressed and characterized. These enzymes demonstrate exceptional activity and stable thermophilicity compared to other known alginate lyases. AlyRmA (8855.34 U/mg) and AlyRmB (7879.44 U/mg) exhibited excellent degradation activity towards sodium alginate even at high temperatures (70 °C). The AlyRmA and AlyRmB were characterized and utilized to efficiently produce AOS. The study investigated the promotional effect of AOS on the growth of Brassica napus L. seedlings in a saline-alkaline environment. The results of this study demonstrate the high activity and thermal stability of AlyRmA and AlyRmB, highlighting their potential in the preparation of AOS. Moreover, the application of AOS prepared by AlyRmB could enhance the resistance of Brassica napus L. to saline-alkali environments, thereby broadening the potential applications of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Li Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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2
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Jiang J, Jiang Z, Yan Q, Han S, Yang S. Biochemical characterization of a novel bifunctional alginate lyase from Microbulbifer arenaceous. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 213:106372. [PMID: 37717719 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Bio‒production of alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs), a type of functional food additive, is a promising way for green utilization of algae, in which alginate hydrolyzing enzymes play a key role. A novel alginate lyase gene (MiAly17A) from a marine bacterium Microbulbifer arenaceous was heterologously expressed in E. coli. The coding sequence of the gene shared the highest identity of 86% with a polysaccharide lyase (PL) family 17 alginate lyase (AlgL17) from Microbulbifer sp. ALW1. The recombinant enzyme (MiAly17A) was purified and biochemically characterized. MiAly17A showed maximal enzyme activity at 40 °C and pH 7.5, respectively. It was stable at the temperatures below 35 °C and within pH 5.0-8.0. The enzyme activities were increased by 5.3 and 5.6 folds in the presence of 100 mM of K+ and Na+, respectively. MiAly17A was bifunctional and could hydrolyze sodium alginate to release unsaturated monosaccharides and oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization (DP) 2-7. The enzyme catalyzed the cleavage of glycosidic bonds from the non-reducing ends and the backbone of the tested oligosaccharides (DP ≥ 4), exhibiting both exolytic and endo-lytic activities. Moreover, MiAly17A was used for the production of alginate oligosaccharides from sodium alginate, and the highest conversion ratio of 68% was obtained. The unique properties may possess the enzyme great potential for preparation of alginate oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry), College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Susu Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No.17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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3
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Zhang W, Ren H, Wang X, Dai Q, Liu X, Ni D, Zhu Y, Xu W, Mu W. Rational design for thermostability improvement of a novel PL-31 family alginate lyase from Paenibacillus sp. YN15. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126919. [PMID: 37717863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Currently, alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) become attractive due to their excellent physiological effects. AOS has been widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Generally, AOS can be produced from alginate using alginate lyase (ALyase) as the biocatalyst. However, most ALyase display poor thermostability. In this study, a thermostable ALyase from Paenibacillus sp. YN15 (Payn ALyase) was characterized. It belonged to the polysaccharide lyase (PL) 31 family and displayed poly β-D-mannuronate (Poly M) preference. Under the optimum condition (pH 8.0, 55 °C, 50 mM NaCl), it exhibited maximum activity of 90.3 U/mg and efficiently degraded alginate into monosaccharides and AOS with polymerization (DP) of 2-4. Payn ALyase was relatively stable at 55 °C, but the thermostability dropped rapidly at higher temperatures. To further improve its thermostability, rational design mutagenesis was carried out based on a combination of FireProt, Consensus Finder, and PROSS analysis. Finally, a triple-point mutant K71P/Y129G/S213G was constructed. The optimum temperature was increased from 55 to 70 °C, and the Tm was increased from 62.7 to 64.1 °C. The residual activity after 30 min incubation at 65 °C was enhanced from 36.0 % to 83.3 %. This study provided a promising ALyase mutant for AOS industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China
| | - Hu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xinxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Quanyu Dai
- China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China.
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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4
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Yao L, Liu Q, Lei Z, Sun T. Development and challenges of antimicrobial peptide delivery strategies in bacterial therapy: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126819. [PMID: 37709236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The escalating global prevalence of antimicrobial resistance poses a critical threat, prompting concerns about its impact on public health. This predicament is exacerbated by the acute shortage of novel antimicrobial agents, a scarcity attributed to the rapid surge in bacterial resistance. This review delves into the realm of antimicrobial peptides, a diverse class of compounds ubiquitously present in plants and animals across various natural organisms. Renowned for their intrinsic antibacterial activity, these peptides provide a promising avenue to tackle the intricate challenge of bacterial resistance. However, the clinical utility of peptide-based drugs is hindered by limited bioavailability and susceptibility to rapid degradation, constraining efforts to enhance the efficacy of bacterial infection treatments. The emergence of nanocarriers marks a transformative approach poised to revolutionize peptide delivery strategies. This review elucidates a promising framework involving nanocarriers within the realm of antimicrobial peptides. This paradigm enables meticulous and controlled peptide release at infection sites by detecting dynamic shifts in microenvironmental factors, including pH, ROS, GSH, and reactive enzymes. Furthermore, a glimpse into the future reveals the potential of targeted delivery mechanisms, harnessing inflammatory responses and intricate signaling pathways, including adenosine triphosphate, macrophage receptors, and pathogenic nucleic acid entities. This approach holds promise in fortifying immunity, thereby amplifying the potency of peptide-based treatments. In summary, this review spotlights peptide nanosystems as prospective solutions for combating bacterial infections. By bridging antimicrobial peptides with advanced nanomedicine, a new therapeutic era emerges, poised to confront the formidable challenge of antimicrobial resistance head-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfukang Yao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Zhixin Lei
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, China.
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5
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Shi M, Pei H, Sun L, Chen W, Zong Y, Zhao Y, Du R, He Z. Optimization of the Flavonoid Extraction Process from the Stem and Leaves of Epimedium Brevicornum and Its Effects on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Renal Injury. Molecules 2023; 29:207. [PMID: 38202790 PMCID: PMC10780727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a broad-spectrum alkylated antitumor drug. It is clinically used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, and renal toxicity is one of the adverse reactions after long-term or repeated use, which not only limits the therapeutic effect of CTX, but also increases the probability of kidney lesions. The total flavonoids of Epimedium stem and leaf (EBF) and Icariin (ICA) are the main medicinal components of Epimedium, and ICA is one of the main active substances in EBF. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that EBF has a variety of biological activities such as improving osteoporosis, promoting cell proliferation, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, etc. However, few studies have been conducted on the nephrotoxicity caused by optimized CTX extraction, and protein-ligand binding has not been involved. This research, through the response surface optimization extraction of EBF, obtained the best extraction conditions: ethanol concentration was 60%, solid-liquid ratio of 25:1, ultrasonic time was about 25 min. Combined with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, EBF contained ICA, ichopidin A, ichopidin B, ichopidin C, and other components. In this study, we adopted a computational chemistry method called molecular docking, and the results show that Icariin was well bound to the antioxidant target proteins KEAP1 and NRF2, and the anti-inflammatory target proteins COX-2 and NF-κB, with free binding energies of -9.8 kcal/mol, -11.0 kcal/mol, -10.0 kcal/mol, and -8.1 kcal/mol, respectively. To study the protective effect of EBF on the nephrotoxicity of CTX, 40 male Kunming mice (weight 18 ± 22) were injected with CTX (80 mg/kg) for 7 days to establish the nephrotoxicity model and were treated with EBF (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg) for 8 days by gavage. After CTX administration, MDA, BUN, Cre, and IL-6 levels in serum increased, MDA increased in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 increased in liver, and IL-6 increased in spleen and was significant ((p < 0.05 or (p < 0.01)). Histopathological observation showed that renal cortex glomerular atrophy necrosis, medullary inflammatory cell infiltration, and other lesions. After administration of EBF, CTX-induced increase in serum level of related indexes was reduced, and MDA in kidney, GPT/ALT and IL-6 in liver, and IL-6 in spleen were increased. At the same time, histopathological findings showed that the necrosis of medullary and corticorenal tubular epithelium was relieved at EBF (50 mg/kg) dose compared with the CTX group, and the glomerular tubular necrosis gradually became normal at EBF (100 mg/kg) dose. Western blot analysis of Keap1 and Nrf2 protein expression in kidney tissue showed that compared with model CTX group, the drug administration group could alleviate the high expression of Keap1 protein and low expression of Nrf2 protein in kidney tissue. Conclusion: After the optimal extraction of total flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Epimedium, the molecular docking technique combined with animal experiments suggested that the effective component of the total flavonoids of Epimedium might activate the Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway after treatment to reduce the inflammation and oxidative stress of kidney tissue, so as to reduce kidney damage and improve kidney function. Therefore, EBF may become a new natural protective agent for CTX chemotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Li Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.S.); (H.P.); (L.S.); (W.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (R.D.)
- Engineering Research Center for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China
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6
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Liu Y, Jia K, Chen H, Wang Z, Zhao W, Zhu L. Cold-adapted enzymes: mechanisms, engineering and biotechnological application. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1399-1410. [PMID: 37486422 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Most cold-adapted enzymes display high catalytic activity at low temperatures (20-25 °C) and can still maintain more than 40-50% of their maximum activity at lower temperatures (0-10 °C) but are inactivated after a moderate increase in temperature. The activity of some cold-adapted enzymes increases significantly in the presence of high salt concentrations and metal ions. Interestingly, we also observed that some cold-adapted enzymes have a wide range of optimum temperatures, exhibiting not only maximum activity under low-temperature conditions but also the ability to maintain high enzyme activity under high-temperature conditions, which is a novel feature of cold-adapted enzymes. This unique property of cold-adapted enzymes is generally attractive for biotechnological and industrial applications because these enzymes can reduce energy consumption and the chance of microbial contamination, thereby lowering the production costs and maintaining the flavor, taste and quality of foods. How high catalytic activity is maintained at low temperatures remains unknown. The relationship between the structure of cold-adapted enzymes and their activity, flexibility and stability is complex, and thus far, a unified explanation has not been provided. Herein, we systematically review the sources, catalytic characteristics and cold adaptation of enzymes from four enzymes categories systematically and discuss how these properties may be exploited in biotechnology. A thorough understanding of the properties, catalytic mechanisms, and engineering of cold-adapted enzymes is critical for future biotechnological applications in the detergent industry and food and beverage industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Kaizhi Jia
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hongyang Chen
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Zhulin Wang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education and Hubei Province), Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.
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7
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Li L, Zhu B, Yao Z, Jiang J. Directed preparation, structure-activity relationship and applications of alginate oligosaccharides with specific structures: A systematic review. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112990. [PMID: 37316063 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) possess versatile activities (such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and immune-regulatory activities) and have been the research topic in marine bioresource utilization fields. The degree of polymerization (DP) and the β-D-mannuronic acid (M)/α-L-guluronic acid (G)-units ratio strongly affect the functionality of AOS. Therefore, directed preparation of AOS with specific structures is essential for expanding the applications of alginate polysaccharides and has been the research topic in the marine bioresource field. Alginate lyases could efficiently degrade alginate and specifically produce AOS with specific structures. Therefore, enzymatic preparation of AOS with specific structures has drawn increasing attention. Herein, we systematically summarized the current research progress on the structure-function relation of AOS and focuses on the application of the enzymatic properties of alginate lyase to the specific preparation of various types of AOS. At the same time, current challenges and opportunities for AOS applications are presented to guide and improve the preparation and application of AOS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinju Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao 266400, China
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8
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Wang X, Xu W, Dai Q, Liu X, Guang C, Zhang W, Mu W. Characterization of a thermostable PL-31 family alginate lyase from Paenibacillus ehimensis and its application for alginate oligosaccharides bioproduction. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 166:110221. [PMID: 36906979 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Currently, people pay more attention to marine sugars, because of their unique physiological effects. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) are the degradation products of alginate and have been used in food, cosmetic, and medicine fields. AOS display good physical characteristics (low relative molecular weight, good solubility, high safety, and high stability) and excellent physiological functions (immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and prebiotic activities). Alginate lyase plays a key role in the AOS bioproduction. In this study, a novel PL-31 family alginate lyase from Paenibacillus ehimensis (paeh-aly) was identified and characterized. It was extracellularly secreted in E. coli and exhibited a preference for the substrate poly β-D-mannuronate. Using sodium alginate as the substrate, it showed the maximum catalytic activity (125.7 U/mg) at pH 7.5 and 55 °C with 50 mM NaCl. Compared with other alginate lyases, paeh-aly exhibited good stability. About 86.6% and 61.0% residual activity could be maintained after 5 h incubation at 50 and 55 °C respectively, and its Tm value was 61.5 °C. The degradation products were AOS with DP 2-4. Paeh-aly demonstrated strong promise for AOS industrial production because of its excellent thermostability and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China
| | - Quanyu Dai
- China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China
| | - Cuie Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd, Weihai, Shandong 264333, China.
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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9
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Zhang YH, Chen YY, Zhuang XY, Xiao Q, Chen J, Chen FQ, Yang QM, Weng HF, Fang BS, Xiao AF. A Novel κ-Carrageenase from Marine Bacterium Rhodopirellula sallentina SM41: Heterologous Expression, Biochemical Characterization and Salt-Tolerance Mechanism Investigation. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120783. [PMID: 36547930 PMCID: PMC9783963 DOI: 10.3390/md20120783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
κ-carrageenases are members of the glycoside hydrolase family 16 (GH16) that hydrolyze sulfated galactans in red algae, known as κ-carrageenans. In this study, a novel κ-carrageenase gene from the marine bacterium Rhodopirellula sallentina SM41 (RsCgk) was discovered via the genome mining approach. There are currently no reports on κ-carrageenase from the Rhodopirellula genus, and RsCgk shares a low identity (less than 65%) with κ- carrageenase from other genera. The RsCgk was heterologously overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and characterized for its enzymatic properties. RsCgk exhibited maximum activity at pH 7.0 and 40 °C, and 50% of its initial activity was retained after incubating at 30 °C for 2 h. More than 70% of its activity was maintained after incubation at pH 6.0-8.0 and 4 °C for 24 h. As a marine derived enzyme, RsCgk showed excellent salt tolerance, retaining full activity in 1.2 M NaCl, and the addition of NaCl greatly enhanced its thermal stability. Mass spectrometry analysis of the RsCgk hydrolysis products revealed that the enzyme had high degradation specificity and mainly produced κ-carrageenan disaccharide. Comparative molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the conformational changes of tunnel-forming loops under salt environments may cause the deactivation or stabilization of RsCgk. Our results demonstrated that RsCgk could be utilized as a potential tool enzyme for efficient production of κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides under high salt conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.Z.); (A.-F.X.); Tel.: +86-592-6181487 (Y.-H.Z.); +86-592-6180075 (A.-F.X.)
| | - Yi-Ying Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhuang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiong Xiao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Fu-Quan Chen
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Qiu-Ming Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui-Fen Weng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Bai-Shan Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - An-Feng Xiao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.Z.); (A.-F.X.); Tel.: +86-592-6181487 (Y.-H.Z.); +86-592-6180075 (A.-F.X.)
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Deng C, Zhao M, Zhao Q, Zhao L. Advances in green bioproduction of marine and glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 300:120254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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