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Byun KA, Park Y, Oh S, Batsukh S, Son KH, Byun K. Co-Treatment with Phlorotannin and Extracellular Vesicles from Ecklonia cava Inhibits UV-Induced Melanogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:408. [PMID: 38671856 PMCID: PMC11047619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperpigmentation due to ultraviolet (UV)-induced melanogenesis causes various esthetic problems. Phlorotannin (PT) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from various plants suppress melanogenesis pathways. We used UV-exposed keratinocytes and animal skin to determine if co-treatment with PT and EVs from Ecklonia cava (EVE) could inhibit melanogenesis by reducing UV-induced oxidative stress and the expression of the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing the 3 (NLRP3)/interleukin-18 (IL-18) pathway, which are upstream signals of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. UV exposure increased oxidative stress in keratinocytes and animal skin, as evaluated by 8-OHdG expression, and this effect was reduced by co-treatment with PT and EVE. UV also increased binding between NLRP3 and TXNIP, which increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-18 secretion, and this effect was reduced by co-treatment with PT and EVE in keratinocytes and animal skin. In melanocytes, conditioned media (CM) from UV-exposed keratinocytes increased the expression of melanogenesis-related pathways; however, these effects were reduced with CM from UV-exposed keratinocytes treated with PT and EVE. Similarly, PT and EVE treatment reduced melanogenesis-related signals, melanin content, and increased basement membrane (BM) components in UV-exposed animal skin. Thus, co-treatment with PT and EVE reduced melanogenesis and restored the BM structure by reducing oxidative stress and TXNIP/NLRP3/IL-18 pathway expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-A Byun
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- LIBON Inc., Incheon 22006, Republic of Korea
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Sosorburam Batsukh
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health & Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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Kim TH, Heo SY, Oh GW, Park WS, Jung WK. Biocompatibility and sub-chronic toxicity studies of phlorotannin/polycaprolactone coated trachea tube for advancing medical device applications. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3945. [PMID: 38365854 PMCID: PMC10873353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The phlorotannin-polycaprolactone-coated endotracheal tube (PP tube) has been developed with the aim of preventing tracheal stenosis that can result from endotracheal intubation, a factor that can lead to a serious airway obstruction. Its preventive efficacy has been assessed through both in vitro and in vivo investigations. However, there is a lack of studies concerning its biocompatibility and sub-chronic toxicity in animal models, a crucial factor to ensure the safety of its usage as a functional endotracheal tube. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and sub-chronic (13 weeks) toxicity of the PP tube through L929 cell line and diverse in vivo models. The cytotoxicity testing was performed using the extracts of PP tube on L929 cells for 72 h. Furthermore, other tests conducted on animal models, including ICR mice (acute systemic toxicity), New Zealand white rabbit (intradermal reactivity and pyrogen tests), guinea pig (maximization sensitization), and Sprague Dawley rats (sub-chronic toxicity). In both biocompatibility and sub-chronic toxicity analyses, no significant adverse effects are observed in the groups exposed to the PP tube, when compared to control group. Altogether, the findings suggested that the PP tube exhibits relative non-toxic and safety, supporting its suitability for clinical usage. However, extended periods of intubation may produce mild irritant responses, highlighting the clinical caution of limiting intubation duration to less than 13 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Research Center for Marine-Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yeong Heo
- Jeju Bio Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Woo Oh
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seochun, Chungcheongnam-do, 33662, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Research Center for Marine-Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence and New-Senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea.
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Ziyaei K, Abdi F, Mokhtari M, Daneshmehr MA, Ataie Z. Phycocyanin as a nature-inspired antidiabetic agent: A systematic review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154964. [PMID: 37544212 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutraceuticals have been important for more than two decades for their safety, efficacy, and outstanding effects. Diabetes is a major metabolic syndrome, which may be improved using nutritional pharmaceuticals. Some microalgae species, such as spirulina, stand out by providing biomass with exceptional nutritional properties. Spirulina has a wide range of pharmacological effects, mostly related to phycocyanin. Phycocyanin is a protein compound with antidiabetic properties, known as a nutraceutical. OBJECTIVE This review delves into phycocyanin applications in diabetes and its complications and ascertains the mechanisms involved. METHODS Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases were systematically reviewed (up to April 30, 2023), in which only animal and cellular studies were found. RESULTS According to animal studies, the administration of phycocyanin affected biochemical parameters (primary outcome) related to diabetes. These results showed an increase in fasting insulin serum and a decrease in fasting blood glucose, glycosylated serum protein, and glycosylated hemoglobin. In cellular studies, though, phycocyanin prevented methylglyoxal and human islet amyloid polypeptide-induced dysfunction in β-cells and induced apoptosis through different molecular pathways (secondary outcome), including activation of Nrf2, PI3K/Akt, and suppression of JNK and p38. Also, phycocyanin exerted its antidiabetic effect by affecting the pathways regulating hepatic glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Thus, based on the available information and literature, targeting these pathways by phycocyanin may unleash an array of benefits, including positive outcomes of the antidiabetic effects of phycocyanin as a nutraceutical. OTHER This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) at the National Institute of Health. The registration number is CRD42022307522.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Ziyaei
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abdi
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Centre, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Majid Mokhtari
- Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish Island, Iran; Department of Bioinformatics, Personalized Precision Medicine Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Daneshmehr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ataie
- Evidence-based Phytotherapy & Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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Radmehr V, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA, Khorsandi L. Crocin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in methylglyoxal-induced diabetic nephropathy in male mice: MicroRNAs alterations and glyoxalase 1-Nrf2 signaling pathways. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1341-1348. [PMID: 36474578 PMCID: PMC9699949 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.65824.14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO) occurs in diabetes. MicroRNA-204 is an important intracellular marker in the diagnosis of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Crocin (Crn) has beneficial effects for diabetes, but the effect of Crn on MGO-induced diabetic nephropathy has not been investigated. The current research evaluated the effects of Crn and metformin (MET) on diabetic nephropathy induced by MGO in male mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 70 male NMRI mice were randomly divided into 7 groups: control, MGO (600 mg/Kg/d), MGO+Crn (15, 30, and 60 mg/kg/d), MGO+MET (150 mg/kg/d), and Crn60 (60 mg/kg/d). Methylglyoxal was gavaged for four weeks. After proving hyperglycemia, Cr and MET were administered orally in the last two weeks. Biochemical and antioxidant evaluations, microRNA expression, and histological evaluation were assessed. RESULTS The fasting blood glucose, urine albumin, blood urea nitrogen, plasma creatinine, malondialdehyde, Nrf2, miR-204, and miR-192 expression increased in the MGO group. These variables decreased in Crn-treated animals. The decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glyoxalase 1, Glutathione, and miR-29a expression in the MGO group improved in the diabetic-treated mice. Histological alterations such as red blood cell accumulation, inflammation, glomerulus diameter changes, and proximal cell damage were also observed. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that Crn and MET attenuated renal damage by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Radmehr
- Student Research Committee, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology research center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Corresponding author: Akram Ahangarpour. Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology research center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran,Alimentary tract research center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Cellular, and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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