1
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Zhang J, Ma H, Jin S, Liu X, Li L, Liu Z, Li G, Li P. Seven New Lobane Diterpenoids from the Soft Coral Lobophytum catalai. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040223. [PMID: 37103362 PMCID: PMC10143306 DOI: 10.3390/md21040223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven new lobane diterpenoids, namely, lobocatalens A–G (1–7), were isolated from the Xisha soft coral Lobophytum catalai. Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated via spectroscopic analysis, comparison with the literature data, QM-MNR, and TDDFT-ECD calculations. Among them, lobocatalen A (1) is a new lobane diterpenoid with an unusual ether linkage between C-14 and C-18. In addition, compound 7 showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity in the zebrafish models and cytotoxic activity against the K562 human cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Huixue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Shuangshuang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Xuehuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Lei Li
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China
| | - Zhaonan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (P.L.); Tel.: +86-532-8203-2323 (G.L.); +86-532-8203-3054 (P.L.)
| | - Pinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (P.L.); Tel.: +86-532-8203-2323 (G.L.); +86-532-8203-3054 (P.L.)
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2
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Enzyme Inhibitors from Gorgonians and Soft Corals. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21020104. [PMID: 36827145 PMCID: PMC9963996 DOI: 10.3390/md21020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
For decades, gorgonians and soft corals have been considered promising sources of bioactive compounds, attracting the interest of scientists from different fields. As the most abundant bioactive compounds within these organisms, terpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids have received the highest coverage in the scientific literature. However, enzyme inhibitors, a functional class of bioactive compounds with high potential for industry and biomedicine, have received much less notoriety. Thus, we revised scientific literature (1974-2022) on the field of marine natural products searching for enzyme inhibitors isolated from these taxonomic groups. In this review, we present representative enzyme inhibitors from an enzymological perspective, highlighting, when available, data on specific targets, structures, potencies, mechanisms of inhibition, and physiological roles for these molecules. As most of the characterization studies for the new inhibitors remain incomplete, we also included a methodological section presenting a general strategy to face this goal by accomplishing STRENDA (Standards for Reporting Enzymology Data) project guidelines.
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3
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Zeng Z, Zhang M, Wang H, Li J, Guo Y, Su M. Chemical Constituents of Sinularia nanolobata from the South China Sea. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202109004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Farag MA, Meyer A, Ali SE. Bleaching effect in Sarcophyton spp. soft corals-is there a correlation to their diterpene content? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25594-25602. [PMID: 33459982 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rising seawater temperature is one of the greatest threats to the persistence of coral reefs. While great efforts have been made to understand the metabolic costs of thermal acclimation, the exact roles of many secondary metabolites involved in the immediate response exhibited by soft corals remain largely unknown. Herein, an untargeted metabolomics approach using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was employed to investigate thermal stress-induced modifications to the de novo synthesis of secondary metabolites in two soft coral species, Sarcophyton ehrenbergi and S. glaucum. Exposure to elevated temperature resulted in symbiont photoinhibition primarily via either damage to photosystem II (PSII) or the loss of algal symbionts during coral bleaching. This was suggested by a decrease in pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) measurements of corals incubated at different temperatures. Thermal stress was also found to impair the production of diterpenoid secondary metabolites in soft corals. Principally, reduction in the levels of a number of diterpenes, viz. sarcophytoxide and deoxysarcophytoxide, in heat stressed S. ehrenbergi and S. glaucum was observed indicative that thermal acclimation is energetically costly and will necessitate downstream changes in secondary metabolic pathways. Our data suggest that, while the host controls the production of ecologically important terpenes, when energetic contribution from the algal symbiont is reduced or absent as a result of a bleaching event, energy reserves may be insufficient to maintain the production of such energetically cost chemicals. This study provides for the first time a holistic assessment of secondary metabolite changes imposed in soft corals during exposure and acclimation to elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr el Aini St. P.B., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University in Cairo (AUC), New Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Achim Meyer
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheit Str. 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sara E Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, The German University in Cairo, New Cairo, 11432, Egypt
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5
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Moodie LWK, Sepčić K, Turk T, FrangeŽ R, Svenson J. Natural cholinesterase inhibitors from marine organisms. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 36:1053-1092. [PMID: 30924818 DOI: 10.1039/c9np00010k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Covering: Published between 1974 up to 2018Inhibition of cholinesterases is a common approach for the management of several disease states. Most notably, cholinesterase inhibitors are used to alleviate the symptoms of neurological disorders like dementia and Alzheimer's disease and treat myasthenia gravis and glaucoma. Historically, most drugs of natural origin have been isolated from terrestrial sources and inhibitors of cholinesterases are no exception. However, the last 50 years have seen a rise in the quantity of marine natural products with close to 25 000 reported in the scientific literature. A number of marine natural products with potent cholinesterase inhibitory properties have also been reported; isolated from a variety of marine sources from algae to ascidians. Representing a diverse range of structural classes, these compounds provide inspirational leads that could aid the development of therapeutics. The current paper aims to, for the first time, comprehensively summarize the literature pertaining to cholinesterase inhibitors derived from marine sources, including the first papers published in 1974 up to 2018. The review does not report bioactive extracts, only isolated compounds, and a specific focus lies on compounds with reported dose-response data. In vivo and mechanistic data is included for compounds where this is reported. In total 185 marine cholinesterase inhibitors and selected analogs have been identified and reported and some of the compounds display inhibitory activities comparable or superior to cholinesterase inhibitors in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindon W K Moodie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Umeå, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tom Turk
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert FrangeŽ
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Johan Svenson
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Box 857, SE-501 15 Borås, Sweden.
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6
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Vil VA, Gloriozova TA, Terent'ev AO, Savidov N, Dembitsky VM. Hydroperoxides derived from marine sources: origin and biological activities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:1627-1642. [PMID: 30623202 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydroperoxides are a small and interesting group of biologically active natural marine compounds. All these metabolites contain a group (R-O-O-H). In this mini-review, studies of more than 80 hydroperoxides isolated from bacteria, fungi, algae, and marine invertebrates are described. Hydroperoxides from the red, brown, and green algae exhibit high antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, and antiprotozoal activity with a confidence of 73 to 94%. Hydroperoxides produced by soft corals showed antineoplastic and antiprotozoal activity with confidence from 81 to 92%. Metabolites derived from sea sponges, mollusks, and other invertebrates showed antineoplastic and antiprotozoal (Plasmodium) activity with confidence from 80 to 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A Vil
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | | | - Alexander O Terent'ev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991
| | - Nick Savidov
- Centre for Applied Research and Innovation, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 1L6, Canada
| | - Valery M Dembitsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow, Russia, 119991. .,Centre for Applied Research and Innovation, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 1L6, Canada. .,Biochemical Laboratory, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, 17 Palchevsky Str., Vladivostok, Russia, 690041.
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7
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Castellanos F, Amaya-García F, Tello E, Ramos FA, Umaña A, Puyana M, Resende JALC, Castellanos L. Screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in marine organisms from the Caribbean Sea. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3533-3540. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1481837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Castellanos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogota, Colombia
| | - Fabián Amaya-García
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogota, Colombia
| | - Edisson Tello
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Adriana Umaña
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia , Bogota, Colombia
| | - Mónica Puyana
- Programa de Biología Marina, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jackson A. L. C. Resende
- Laboratório de Difração de Raios X, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense , Niterói, Brazil
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8
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Barbero H, Díez-Poza C, Barbero A. The Oxepane Motif in Marine Drugs. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E361. [PMID: 29140270 PMCID: PMC5706050 DOI: 10.3390/md15110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oceans have shown to be a remarkable source of natural products. The biological properties of many of these compounds have helped to produce great advances in medicinal chemistry. Within them, marine natural products containing an oxepanyl ring are present in a great variety of algae, sponges, fungus and corals and show very important biological activities, many of them possessing remarkable cytotoxic properties against a wide range of cancer cell lines. Their rich chemical structures have attracted the attention of many researchers who have reported interesting synthetic approaches to these targets. This review covers the most prominent examples of these types of compounds, focusing the discussion on the isolation, structure determination, medicinal properties and total synthesis of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Barbero
- GIR MIOMeT, IU CINQUIMA/Inorganic Chemistry, University of Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Carlos Díez-Poza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Asunción Barbero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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9
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Anti-Inflammatory Dembranoids from the Soft Coral Lobophytum crassum. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15100327. [PMID: 29065512 PMCID: PMC5666433 DOI: 10.3390/md15100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cembrane-type diterpenoids are among the most frequently encountered natural products from the soft corals of the genus Lobophytum. In the course of our investigation to identify anti-inflammatory constituents from a wild-type soft coral Lobophytum crassum, two new cembranoids, lobophyolide A (1) and B (2), along with five known compounds (3–7), were isolated. The structures of these natural products were identified using NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 was found to possess the first identified α-epoxylactone group among all cembrane-type diterpenoids. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of compounds 1–5 was evaluated. The results showed that compounds 1–5 not only reduced IL-12 release, but also attenuated NO production in LPS-activated dendritic cells. Our data indicated that the isolated series of cembrane-type diterpenoids demonstrated interesting structural features and anti-inflammatory activity which could be further developed into therapeutic entities.
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10
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Anti-Inflammatory Lobane and Prenyleudesmane Diterpenoids from the Soft Coral Lobophytum varium. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15100300. [PMID: 28961211 PMCID: PMC5666408 DOI: 10.3390/md15100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New lobane-based diterpenoids lobovarols A–D (1–4) and a prenyleudesmane-type diterpenoid lobovarol E (5) along with seven known related diterpenoids (6–12) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a Taiwanese soft coral Lobophytum varium. Their structures were identified on the basis of multiple spectroscopic analyses and spectral comparison. The absolute configuration at C-16 of the known compound 11 is reported herein for the first time. The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1–12 were assessed by measuring their inhibitory effect on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils. Metabolites 2, 5, and 11 were found to show moderate inhibitory activity on the generation of superoxide anion, while compounds 5, 8, 11, and 12 could effectively suppress elastase release in fMLP/CB-stimulated human neutrophil cells at 10 μM. All of the isolated diterpenoids did not exhibit cytotoxic activity (IC50 > 50 μM) towards a limited panel of cancer cell lines.
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11
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Phan CS, Ng SY, Kamada T, Vairappan CS. Two New Lobane Diterpenes from a Bornean Soft Coral Sinularia sp. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new lobane diterpenoids, prenyl-α-elemenone (1) and ent-prenyl-β-elemene (2), along with a known compound, α-murrolene (3) were isolated from a population of Bornean soft coral Sinularia sp. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic, including 2D NMR, and HR-MS data. These compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities against antibiotic resistant clinical strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Soon Phan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Shean-Yeaw Ng
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Takashi Kamada
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Charles Santhanaraju Vairappan
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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12
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Gomaa MN, Soliman K, Ayesh A, Abd El-Wahed A, Hamza Z, Mansour HM, Khalifa SAM, Mohd Ali HB, El-Seedi HR. Antibacterial effect of the red sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:729-34. [PMID: 26186031 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1040991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The marine soft corals Sarcophyton trocheliophorum crude extracts possessed antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacterial strains, i.e. Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bioassay-guided fractionation indicated that the antimicrobial effect was due to the presence of terpenoid bioactive derivatives. Further biological assays of the n-hexane fractions were carried out using turbidity assay, inhibition zone assay and minimum inhibitory concentration for investigating the growth-inhibition effect towards the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The fractions were screened and the structure of the isolated compound was justified by interpretation of the spectroscopic data, mainly mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The structure was assigned as (5S)-3-[(3E,5S)-5-hydroxy-3-hepten-6-yn-1-yl]-5-methyl-2(5H)-furanone and was effective at concentrations as low as 0.20 mg/mL. The above findings, in the course of our ongoing research on marine products, may implicate that the profound anti-microbial activity of the S. trocheliophorum soft corals, inhabiting the red sea reefs, is attributed to the presence of growth-inhibiting secondary metabolites mainly terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed N Gomaa
- a Biology Department , Faculty of Science and Arts-Khulais, King Abdulaziz University , Khulais , Saudi Arabia
| | - Kawther Soliman
- a Biology Department , Faculty of Science and Arts-Khulais, King Abdulaziz University , Khulais , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ayesh
- a Biology Department , Faculty of Science and Arts-Khulais, King Abdulaziz University , Khulais , Saudi Arabia
| | - Aida Abd El-Wahed
- b Pharmacognosy Division, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University , Box 574, SE-751 24 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Zeinab Hamza
- c Marine Toxins Laboratory, Food Toxins and Contaminants Department , National Research Centre , Dokki, Cairo , Egypt
| | - Hager M Mansour
- d H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical Sciences, University of Karachi , Karachi 75270 , Pakistan
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- e Department of Experimental Hematology , Karolinska University Hospital , SE-141 86 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Hapipah Bint Mohd Ali
- f Centre for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- b Pharmacognosy Division, Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University , Box 574, SE-751 24 Uppsala , Sweden.,e Department of Experimental Hematology , Karolinska University Hospital , SE-141 86 Stockholm , Sweden.,f Centre for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Chemistry Department , Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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13
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Liang LF, Guo YW. Terpenes from the soft corals of the genus Sarcophyton: chemistry and biological activities. Chem Biodivers 2014; 10:2161-96. [PMID: 24327439 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201200122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This review covers structural diversity and biological activities of terpenes from soft corals of the genus of Sarcophyton, reported from 1995 to July, 2011. During this period, besides undefined species, 16 species of the genus Sarcophyton, from different geographical areas, had been chemically examined. Two hundred and five terpenes had been isolated from this genus, including eleven sesquiterpenes, 165 diterpenes, 29 biscembranoids, some of which had novel skeletons. They exhibited various biological features, such as antifeedant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antifouling activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Fu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Zhang Jiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China, (phone: +86-21-50805813); Present address: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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14
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Janke R, Görner C, Hirte M, Brück T, Loll B. The first structure of a bacterial diterpene cyclase: CotB2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:1528-37. [PMID: 24914964 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004714005513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes and diterpenes are a diverse class of secondary metabolites that are predominantly derived from plants and some prokaryotes. The properties of these natural products encompass antitumor, antibiotic and even insecticidal activities. Therefore, they are interesting commercial targets for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Owing to their structural complexity, these compounds are more efficiently accessed by metabolic engineering of microbial systems than by chemical synthesis. This work presents the first crystal structure of a bacterial diterpene cyclase, CotB2 from the soil bacterium Streptomyces melanosporofaciens, at 1.64 Å resolution. CotB2 is a diterpene cyclase that catalyzes the cyclization of the linear geranylgeranyl diphosphate to the tricyclic cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol. The subsequent oxidation of cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol by two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases leads to bioactive cyclooctatin. Plasticity residues that decorate the active site of CotB2 have been mutated, resulting in alternative monocyclic, dicyclic and tricyclic compounds that show bioactivity. These new compounds shed new light on diterpene cyclase reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, the product of mutant CotB2(W288G) produced the new antibiotic compound (1R,3E,7E,11S,12S)-3,7,18-dolabellatriene, which acts specifically against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. This opens a sustainable route for the industrial-scale production of this bioactive compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Janke
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Abteilung Strukturbiochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Görner
- Fachgebiet Industrielle Biokatalyse, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Max Hirte
- Fachgebiet Industrielle Biokatalyse, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Brück
- Fachgebiet Industrielle Biokatalyse, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bernhard Loll
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Abteilung Strukturbiochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Thao NP, Luyen BTT, Ngan NTT, Dat LD, Cuong NX, Nam NH, Kiem PV, Song SB, Minh CV, Kim YH. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor transactivational effects in HepG2 cells of cembranoids from the soft coral Lobophytum crassum Von Marenzeller. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:769-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Pandey S, Sree A, Sethi DP, Kumar CG, Kakollu S, Chowdhury L, Dash SS. A marine sponge associated strain of Bacillus subtilis and other marine bacteria can produce anticholinesterase compounds. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:24. [PMID: 24528673 PMCID: PMC3932841 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors or anticholinesterases reduce the activity of enzyme acetylcholinesterase that degrades the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. The inhibitors have a significant pharmacological role in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s etc. Although plants have been a significant source of these compounds, there are very few sporadic reports of microorganisms producing such inhibitors. Anticholinesterase activity in bacterial associates of marine soft corals and sponges were not previously reported. Results We screened 887 marine bacteria for the presence of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, in a microplate based assay, and found that 140 (15.8%) of them inhibit the electric eel enzyme, acetylcholinesterase. Majority of the active isolates were bacterial associates of soft corals followed by sediment isolates while most of the potent inhibitors belonged to the bacterial associates of marine sponges. Maximum inhibition (54%) was exhibited by a bacterial strain M18SP4P (ii), isolated from the marine sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa. Based on phenotypic characterization and 16S rDNA sequencing, the strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis - revealing yet another activity in a strain of the model organism that is considered to be a cell factory. TLC bioautography of the methanol extract of this culture, showed the presence of two major components having this activity, when compared to Galanthamine, the positive control. Conclusion From the results of our study, we conclude that acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are quite prevalent in marine bacteria, particularly the bacterial associates of marine invertebrates. Several potential AChE inhibitors in marine bacteria are waiting to be discovered to provide easily manipulable natural sources for the mass production of these therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sony Pandey
- Environment and Sustainability Department, CSIR - Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India.
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Flexibilins A-C, new cembrane-type diterpenoids from the Formosan soft coral, Sinularia flexibilis. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:1999-2012. [PMID: 23752355 PMCID: PMC3721218 DOI: 10.3390/md11061999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new cembrane-type diterpenoids, flexibilins A-C (1-3), along with a known cembrane, (-)-sandensolide (4), were isolated from the soft coral, Sinularia flexibilis. The structures of cembranes 1-4 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The structure of 4, including its absolute stereochemistry, was further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Cembrane 2 displayed a moderate inhibitory effect on the release of elastase by human neutrophils.
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Lin CY, Lu MC, Su JH, Chu CL, Shiuan D, Weng CF, Sung PJ, Huang KJ. Immunomodulatory effect of marine cembrane-type diterpenoids on dendritic cells. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:1336-50. [PMID: 23609581 PMCID: PMC3705408 DOI: 10.3390/md11041336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen presenting cells, which can present antigens to T-cells and play an important role in linking innate and adaptive immunity. DC maturation can be induced by many stimuli, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial products, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Here, we examined the immunomodulatory effects of marine cembrane compounds, (9E,13E)-5-acetoxy-6-hydroxy-9,13-dimethyl-3-methylene-3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,14a-decahydro-2H-cyclotrideca[b]furan-2-one (1), (9E,13E)-5-acetoxy-6-acetyl-9,13-dimethyl-3-methylene-3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,11,12,14a-decahydro-2H-cyclotrideca[b]furan-2-one (2), lobocrassin B (3), (−)14-deoxycrassin (4), cembranolide B (5) and 13-acetoxysarcocrassolide (6) isolated from a soft coral, Lobophytum crassum, on mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The results revealed that cembrane-type diterpenoids, especially lobocrassin B, effectively inhibited LPS-induced BMDC activation by inhibiting the production of TNF-α. Pre-treatment of BMDCs with Lobocrassin B for 1 h is essential to prohibit the following activation induced by various toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, such as LPS, zymosan, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and Pam2CSK4. Inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation by lobocrassin B, which is a key transcription factor for cytokine production in TLR signaling, was evident as assayed by high-content image analysis. Lobocrassin B attenuated DC maturation and endocytosis as the expression levels of MHC class II and the co-stimulatory molecules were downregulated, which may affect the function of DCs to initiate the T-cell responses. Thus, lobocrassin B may have the potential in treatment of immune dysregulated diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yen Lin
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (D.S.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Mei-Chin Lu
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; E-Mails: (M.-C.L.); (J.-H.S.); (P.-J.S.)
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; E-Mails: (M.-C.L.); (J.-H.S.); (P.-J.S.)
| | - Ching-Liang Chu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - David Shiuan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (D.S.); (C.-F.W.)
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (D.S.); (C.-F.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; E-Mails: (M.-C.L.); (J.-H.S.); (P.-J.S.)
| | - Ping-Jyun Sung
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (D.S.); (C.-F.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 944, Taiwan; E-Mails: (M.-C.L.); (J.-H.S.); (P.-J.S.)
| | - Kao-Jean Huang
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan; E-Mails: (C.-Y.L.); (D.S.); (C.-F.W.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-3-863-3675; Fax: +886-3-863-3630
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Zhao M, Yin J, Jiang W, Ma M, Lei X, Xiang Z, Dong J, Huang K, Yan P. Cytotoxic and antibacterial cembranoids from a South China Sea soft coral, Lobophytum sp. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:1162-72. [PMID: 23552878 PMCID: PMC3705396 DOI: 10.3390/md11041162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical examination of a South China Sea soft coral Lobophytum sp. led to the isolation of three new α-methylene-γ-lactone-containing cembranoids, (1R*,3R*,4R*,14R*,7E,11E)-3,4-epoxycembra-7,11,15(17)-trien-16,14-olide (1), (1R*,7S*,14S*,3E,11E)-7-hydroperoxycembra-3,8(19),11,15(17)-tetraen-16,14-olide (2), and (1R*,7S*,14S*,3E,11E)-18-acetoxy-7-hydroperoxycembra-3,8(19),11,15(17)-tetraen-16,14-olide (3), along with eleven known analogues 4–14. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 1–3 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against the selected tumor cell lines. Moreover, 2 and 3 were found to be moderate inhibitors against the bacteria S. aureus and S. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (J.Y.); (Z.X.); (J.D.)
| | - Jian Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (J.Y.); (Z.X.); (J.D.)
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; E-Mail:
| | - Minshan Ma
- Analytical and Testing Center, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.M.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinxiang Lei
- Analytical and Testing Center, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.M.); (X.L.)
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (J.Y.); (Z.X.); (J.D.)
| | - Jianyong Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (J.Y.); (Z.X.); (J.D.)
| | - Kexin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (J.Y.); (Z.X.); (J.D.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (K.H.); (P.Y.); Tel.: +86-577-8668-9706 (K.H.); Fax: +86-577-8668-9706 (K.H.); Tel.: +86-577-8669-9229 (P.Y.); Fax: +86-577-8668-9983 (P.Y.)
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (J.Y.); (Z.X.); (J.D.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (K.H.); (P.Y.); Tel.: +86-577-8668-9706 (K.H.); Fax: +86-577-8668-9706 (K.H.); Tel.: +86-577-8669-9229 (P.Y.); Fax: +86-577-8668-9983 (P.Y.)
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Hong JY, Boo HJ, Kang JI, Kim MK, Yoo ES, Hyun JW, Koh YS, Kim GY, Maeng YH, Hyun CL, Chang WY, Kim YH, Kim YR, Kang HK. (1S,2S,3E,7E,11E)-3,7,11,15-Cembratetraen-17,2-olide, a cembrenolide diterpene from soft coral Lobophytum sp., inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through reactive oxygen species generation. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:1054-63. [PMID: 22791152 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b11-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We observed that (1S,2S,3E,7E,11E)-3,7,11,15-Cembratetraen-17,2-olide (LS-1), marine cembrenolide diterpene, inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells via a reactive oxygen species (ROS) dependent mechanism. Treatment of HT-29 cells with LS-1 resulted in ROS generation, which was accompanied by disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytosolic release of cytochrome c, sub-G1 peak accumulation, activation of Bid, caspase-3, -8, and -9, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) along with the suppressive expression of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). All these effects were significantly blocked on pretreatment with the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC), indicating the involvement of increased ROS in the proapoptotic activity of LS-1. Moreover, we showed that LS-1 induced the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and dephosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Akt, Src and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3, which were effectively attenuated by NAC. In addition, the expressions of antioxidant catalase and glutathione peroxidase were abrogated by treatment using LS-1 with or without NAC. These findings reveal the novel anticancer efficacy of LS-1 mediated by the induction of apoptosis via ROS generation in human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Hong
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Govindam SV, Yoshioka Y, Kanamoto A, Fujiwara T, Okamoto T, Ojika M. Cyclolobatriene, a novel prenylated germacrene diterpene, from the soft coral Lobophytum pauciflorum. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:687-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
Covering: 2010. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2011, 28, 196. This review covers the literature published in 2010 for marine natural products, with 895 citations (590 for the period January to December 2010) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1003 for 2010), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Li Y, Pattenden G. Perspectives on the structural and biosynthetic interrelationships between oxygenated furanocembranoids and their polycyclic congeners found in corals. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1269-310. [DOI: 10.1039/c1np00023c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
This review focuses on recent developments in the use of natural products as therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease. The compounds span a diverse array of structural classes and are organized according to their mechanism of action, with the focus primarily on the major hypotheses. Overall, the review discusses more than 180 compounds and summarizes 400 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
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