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Choi PJ, Lee J, Jang A. Interconnection between renewable energy technologies and water treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 261:122037. [PMID: 39003875 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The renewable-energy-based water-energy nexus is a promising approach that contributes to climate change mitigation. Increasing concerns on GHG emission and energy demand, policies have been implemented in many countries to make use of renewable energy as much as possible. Renewable energy technologies can be directly employed in desalination processes, including membrane-based (e.g., reverse osmosis (RO) and membrane distillation (MD)) and thermal-based (e.g., multistage flash distillation (MSF) and multieffect distillation (MED)) technologies. Although the production capacities of fossil-based desalination processes (RO, MD, and MED) are higher than those of renewable-energy-based desalination processes, most latter desalination processes have lower specific energy consumption than conventional processes, which may offer potential for the implementation of renewable energy sources. In addition to the direct application of renewable energy technology to desalination, biofuels can be produced by converting algal lipids obtained from the growth of algae, which are associated with wastewater bioremediation and nitrogen and phosphorus removal during wastewater treatment. Salinity gradient power can be harvested from brine originating from desalination plants and freshwater driven by pressure-retarded osmosis or reverse electrodialysis. This study provides an overview of these approaches and discusses their effectiveness. It not only offers insights into the potential of applying renewable energy technologies to various water treatment processes but also suggests future directions for scientists to further enhance the efficiency of renewable energy production processes for possible implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Jungwon Choi
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Am Jang
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Regmi C, Kshetri YK, Wickramasinghe SR. Carbon-Based Nanocomposite Membranes for Membrane Distillation: Progress, Problems and Future Prospects. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:160. [PMID: 39057668 PMCID: PMC11278710 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14070160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of an ideal membrane for membrane distillation (MD) is of the utmost importance. Enhancing the efficiency of MD by adding nanoparticles to or onto a membrane's surface has drawn considerable attention from the scientific community. It is crucial to thoroughly examine state-of-the-art nanomaterials-enabled MD membranes with desirable properties, as they greatly enhance the efficiency and reliability of the MD process. This, in turn, opens up opportunities for achieving a sustainable water-energy-environment nexus. By introducing carbon-based nanomaterials into the membrane's structure, the membrane gains excellent separation abilities, resistance to various feed waters, and a longer lifespan. Additionally, the use of carbon-based nanomaterials in MD has led to improved membrane performance characteristics such as increased permeability and a reduced fouling propensity. These nanomaterials have also enabled novel membrane capabilities like in situ foulant degradation and localized heat generation. Therefore, this review offers an overview of how the utilization of different carbon-based nanomaterials in membrane synthesis impacts the membrane characteristics, particularly the liquid entry pressure (LEP), hydrophobicity, porosity, and membrane permeability, as well as reduced fouling, thereby advancing the MD technology for water treatment processes. Furthermore, this review also discusses the development, challenges, and research opportunities that arise from these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhabilal Regmi
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Yuwaraj K. Kshetri
- Research Center for Green Advanced Materials, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - S. Ranil Wickramasinghe
- Ralph E. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Shakayeva AK, Yeszhanov AB, Borissenko AN, Kassymzhanov MT, Zhumazhanova AT, Khlebnikov NA, Nurkassimov AK, Zdorovets MV, Güven O, Korolkov IV. Surface Modification of Polyethylene Terephthalate Track-Etched Membranes by 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-Dodecafluoroheptyl Acrylate for Application in Water Desalination by Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:145. [PMID: 39057653 PMCID: PMC11278615 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14070145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the surfaces of poly (ethylene terephthalate) track-etched membranes (PET TeMs) with pore sizes of 670-1310 nm were hydrophobized with 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7-dodecafluoroheptyl acrylate (DFHA) by photoinitiated graft polymerization. Attenuated total reflection FTIR spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), and contact angle measurements were used to identify and characterize the TeMs. The optimal parameters for graft polymerization were determined as follows: polymerization time of 60 min, monomer concentration of 30%, and distance from the UV source of 7 cm. The water contact angle of the modified membranes reached 97°, which is 51° for pristine membranes. The modified membranes were tested for water desalination using direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) method. The effects of membrane pore size, the degree of grafting, and salt concentration on the performance of membrane distillation process were investigated. According to the results obtained, it has been concluded that large pore size hydrophobic TeMs modified by using DFHA could be used for desalinating water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigerim Kh. Shakayeva
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibragimov Str., 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan; (A.K.S.); (A.B.Y.)
| | - Arman B. Yeszhanov
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibragimov Str., 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan; (A.K.S.); (A.B.Y.)
| | | | - Murat T. Kassymzhanov
- JSC “Park of Nuclear Technologies”, Kurchatova Str. 18/1, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Ainash T. Zhumazhanova
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibragimov Str., 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan; (A.K.S.); (A.B.Y.)
| | | | - A. K. Nurkassimov
- JSC “Park of Nuclear Technologies”, Kurchatova Str. 18/1, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Maxim V. Zdorovets
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibragimov Str., 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan; (A.K.S.); (A.B.Y.)
- JSC “Park of Nuclear Technologies”, Kurchatova Str. 18/1, Kurchatov 071100, Kazakhstan
| | - Olgun Güven
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey;
| | - Ilya V. Korolkov
- The Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibragimov Str., 1, Almaty 050032, Kazakhstan; (A.K.S.); (A.B.Y.)
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Jia H, Ren J, Kong Y, Ji Z, Guo S, Li J. Recent Advances in Dopamine-Based Membrane Surface Modification and Its Membrane Distillation Applications. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:81. [PMID: 38668109 PMCID: PMC11052433 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14040081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Surface modification of membranes is essential for improving flux and resistance to contamination for membranes. This is of great significance for membrane distillation, which relies on the vapor pressure difference across the membrane as the driving force. In recent years, biomimetic mussel-inspired substances have become the research hotspots. Among them, dopamine serves as surface modifiers that would achieve highly desirable and effective membrane applications owing to their unique physicochemical properties, such as universal adhesion, enhanced hydrophilicity, tunable reducibility, and excellent thermal conductivity. The incorporation of a hydrophilic layer, along with the utilization of photothermal properties and post-functionalization capabilities in modified membranes, effectively addresses challenges such as low flux, contamination susceptibility, and temperature polarization during membrane distillation. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is still a lack of comprehensive and in-depth discussions. Therefore, this paper systematically compiles the modification method of dopamine on the membrane surface and summarizes its application and mechanism in membrane distillation for the first time. It is believed that this paper would provide a reference for dopamine-assisted membrane separation during production, and further promote its practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Ren
- Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.J.); (Y.K.); (Z.J.); (S.G.)
| | | | | | | | - Jianfeng Li
- Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (H.J.); (Y.K.); (Z.J.); (S.G.)
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Caliskan E, Shishatskiy S, Abetz V, Filiz V. Pioneering the preparation of porous PIM-1 membranes for enhanced water vapor flow. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9631-9645. [PMID: 38525056 PMCID: PMC10958458 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08398e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, porous polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) membranes were prepared by non-solvent induced phase inversion (NIPS) and investigated for water vapor transport in view of their application in membrane distillation (MD). Due to the lack of high boiling point solvents for PIM-1 that are also water miscible, the mixture of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was found to be optimal for the formation of a membrane with a developed porous system both on the membrane surface and in the bulk. PIM-1 was synthesized by using low and high temperature methods to observe how molecular weight effects the membrane structure. Low molecular weight PIM-1 was produced at low temperatures, while high molecular weight PIM-1 was obtained at high temperatures. Several membranes were prepared, including PM-6, PM-9, and PM-11 from low molecular weight PIM-1, and PM-13 from high molecular weight PIM-1. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to image the surface and cross-section of different porous PIM-1 membranes. Among all the PIM-1 membranes (PM) obtained, PM-6, PM-9, PM-11 and PM-13 showed the most developed porous structure, while PM-13 showed large voids in the bulk of the membrane. Contact angle measurements showed that all PIM-1 porous membranes are highly hydrophobic. Liquid water flux measurements showed that PM-6, PM-9 and PM-11 showed minimal water fluxes due to small surface pore size, while PM-13 showed a high water flux due to a large surface pore size. Water vapor transport measurements showed high permeance values for all membranes, demonstrating the applicability of the developed membranes for MD. In addition, a thin film composite (TFC) membrane with PIM-1 selective layer was prepared and investigated for water vapor transport to compare with porous PIM-1 membranes. The TFC membrane showed an approximately 4-fold lower vapor permeance than porous membranes. Based on these results, we postulated that the use of porous PIM-1 membranes could be promising for MD due to their hydrophobic nature and the fact that the porous membranes allow vapor permeability through the membrane but not liquid water. The TFC membrane can be used in cases where the transfer of water-soluble contaminants must be absolutely avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Caliskan
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
| | - Sergey Shishatskiy
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
| | - Volker Abetz
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 Hamburg 20146 Germany
| | - Volkan Filiz
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht 21502 Germany +49-41-5287-2425
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Sayed MM, Noby H, Zkria A, Mousa HM, Yoshitake T, ElKady M. Engineered eco-friendly composite membranes with superhydrophobic/hydrophilic dual-layer for DCMD system. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141468. [PMID: 38382717 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Considerable advancements have been made in the development of hydrophobic membranes for membrane distillation (MD). Nonetheless, the environmentally responsible disposal of these membranes poses a critical concern due to their synthetic composition. Herein, an eco-friendly dual-layered biopolymer-based membrane was fabricated for water desalination. The membrane was electrospun from two bio-polymeric layers. The top hydrophobic layer comprises polycaprolactone (PCL) and the bottom hydrophilic layer from cellulose acetate (CA). Additionally, silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) were electrosprayed onto the top layer of the dual-layered PCL/CA membrane to enhance the hydrophobicity. The desalination performance of the modified PCL-SiO2/CA membrane was compared with the unmodified PCL/CA membrane using a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) unit. Results revealed that silica remarkably improves membrane hydrophobicity. The modified PCL-SiO2/CA membrane demonstrated a significant increase in water contact angle of 152.4° compared to 119° for the unmodified membrane. In addition, PCL-SiO2/CA membrane has a smaller average pore size of 0.23 ± 0.16 μm and an exceptional liquid entry pressure of water (LEPw), which is 3.8 times higher than that of PCL/CA membrane. Moreover, PCL-SiO2/CA membrane achieved a durable permeate flux of 15.6 kg/m2.h, while PCL/CA membrane showed unstable permeate flux decreasing approximately from 25 to 12 kg/m2.h over the DCMD test time. Furthermore, the modified PCL-SiO2/CA membrane achieved a high salt rejection value of 99.97% compared to a low value of 86.2% for the PCL/CA membrane after 24 h continuous DCMD operation. In conclusion, the proposed modified PCL-SiO2/CA dual-layer biopolymeric-based membrane has considerable potential to be used as an environmentally friendly membrane for the MD process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M Sayed
- Chemical and Petrochemicals Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Materials Engineering and Design, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt.
| | - H Noby
- Chemical and Petrochemicals Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Materials Engineering and Design, Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Zkria
- Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Hamouda M Mousa
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt; Faculty of Technological Industry and Energy, Thebes Technological University, Thebes, 85863, Luxor, Egypt
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshitake
- Department of Applied Science for Electronics and Materials, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Marwa ElKady
- Chemical and Petrochemicals Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt; Fabrication Technology Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
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Li Q, Cui H, Li Y, Song X, Liu W, Wang Y, Hou H, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang F, Song J, Ye H, Song S, Che T, Shao S, Kong D, Liang B. Challenges and engineering application of landfill leachate concentrate treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116028. [PMID: 37150383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate concentrate (LLC) is a concentrated waste stream from landfill leachate treatment systems and has been recognized as a key challenge due to its high concentration of salts, heavy metals, organic matters, etc. Improper management of LLC (e.g. reinjection) would exacerbate the performance of upstream treatment processes and pose risks to the surrounding environments near landfill sites. Addressing the challenge and recovering resources from LLC have thus been attracting considerable attention. Although many LLC treatment technologies have been developed, a comprehensive discussion about the challenges still lacks. This review critically evaluates mainstream LLC treatment technologies, namely incineration, coagulation, advanced oxidation, evaporation and solidification/stabilization. We then introduce a geopolymer-based solidification (GS) process as a promising technology owning to its simple casting process and reusable final product and summarizes engineering applications in China. Finally, we suggest investigating hybrid systems to minimize LLC production and achieve the on-site reuse of LLC. Collectively, this review provides useful information to guide the selection of LLC treatment technologies and suggests a sustainable alternative for large-scale application, while also highlighting the need of joint efforts in the industry to achieve efficient, ecofriendly and economical on-site management of landfill waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hanlin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yihao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Song
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yongxuan Wang
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Haimeng Hou
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - You Li
- Everbright Environmental Protection (China) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Jun Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Hanfeng Ye
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Sirui Song
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Tong Che
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China
| | - Deyong Kong
- Shenyang Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenyang, 110167, China; Liaoning HaiTianGe Enviromental Protection Technology Co. Ltd., Fushun, 113122, China.
| | - Bin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Prasanna NS, Choudhary N, Singh N, Raghavarao KSMS. Omniphobic membranes in membrane distillation for desalination applications: A mini-review. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2023.100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
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Carmona B, Abejón R. Innovative Membrane Technologies for the Treatment of Wastewater Polluted with Heavy Metals: Perspective of the Potential of Electrodialysis, Membrane Distillation, and Forward Osmosis from a Bibliometric Analysis. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:385. [PMID: 37103812 PMCID: PMC10145262 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A bibliometric analysis, using the Scopus database as a source, was carried out in order to study the scientific documents published up to 2021 regarding the use of electrodialysis, membrane distillation, and forward osmosis for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. A total of 362 documents that fulfilled the search criteria were found, and the results from the corresponding analysis revealed that the number of documents greatly increased after the year 2010, although the first document was published in 1956. The exponential evolution of the scientific production related to these innovative membrane technologies confirmed an increasing interest from the scientific community. The most prolific country was Denmark, which contributed 19.3% of the published documents, followed by the two main current scientific superpowers: China and the USA (with 17.4% and 7.5% contributions, respectively). Environmental Science was the most common subject (55.0% of contributions), followed by Chemical Engineering (37.3% of contributions) and Chemistry (36.5% of contribution). The prevalence of electrodialysis over the other two technologies was clear in terms of relative frequency of the keywords. An analysis of the main hot topics identified the main advantages and drawbacks of each technology, and revealed that examples of their successful implementation beyond the lab scale are still scarce. Therefore, complete techno-economic evaluation of the treatment of wastewater polluted with heavy metals via these innovative membrane technologies must be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Carmona
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago 9170019, Chile
| | - Ricardo Abejón
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago 9170019, Chile
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Yan Z, Zhu Z, Chang H, Fan G, Wang Q, Fu X, Qu F, Liang H. Integrated membrane electrochemical reactor-membrane distillation process for enhanced landfill leachate treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 230:119559. [PMID: 36608523 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of recalcitrant landfill leachate (LFL) induces huge energy consumption and carbon emissions due to its complex composition. Although membrane distillation (MD) exhibits good potential in LFL treatment with waste heat utilization, membrane fouling and ammonia rejection are still the major problems encountered that hinder its application. Herein, membrane electrochemical reactor (MER) was coupled with MD for simultaneous membrane fouling control and resource recovery. LFL pretreatment with membrane-less electrochemical reactor (EO) and without pretreatment were also purified by MD for comparison. Results showed that the MER-MD system rejected almost all CODCr, total phosphorus, metal salts, and ammonia nitrogen (increased by 33.5%-43.5% without chemical addition), and recovered 31% of ammonia nitrogen and 48% of humic acid in the raw LFL. Owing to the effective removal of hardness (61%) and organics (77%) using MER, the MER-MD system showed higher resistance to the membrane wetting and fouling, with about 61% and 14% higher final vapor flux than those of the MD and EO-MD systems, respectively, and the pure water flux could be fully recovered by alkaline solution cleaning. Moreover, SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR and XRD characterization further demonstrated the superiority of the MD membrane fouling reversibility of the MER-MD system. Energy consumption and carbon emissions analysis showed that the MER-MD system reduced the total energy consumption/carbon emissions by ∼20% and ∼8% compared to the MD and EO-MD systems, respectively, and the ammonia nitrogen recovered by MER could offset 8.25 kg carbon dioxide equivalent. Therefore, the introduction of MER pretreatment in MD process would be an option to decrease energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions for MD treatment of LFL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350002, China; State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Zhengshi Zhu
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Haiqing Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610207, China
| | - Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Qiankun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Low Grade Refractory Gold Ores, Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xiamen 361101, China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Fangshu Qu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Abid MB, Wahab RA, Salam MA, Gzara L, Moujdin IA. Desalination technologies, membrane distillation, and electrospinning, an overview. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12810. [PMID: 36793956 PMCID: PMC9922933 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Water is a critical component for humans to survive, especially in arid lands or areas where fresh water is scarce. Hence, desalination is an excellent way to effectuate the increasing water demand. Membrane distillation (MD) technology entails a membrane-based non-isothermal prominent process used in various applications, for instance, water treatment and desalination. It is operable at low temperature and pressure, from which the heat demand for the process can be sustainably sourced from renewable solar energy and waste heat. In MD, the water vapors are gone through the membrane's pores and condense at permeate side, rejecting dissolved salts and non-volatile substances. However, the efficacy of water and biofouling are the main challenges for MD due to the lack of appropriate and versatile membrane. Numerous researchers have explored different membrane composites to overcome the above-said issue, and attempt to develop efficient, elegant, and biofouling-resistant novel membranes for MD. This review article addresses the 21st-century water crises, desalination technologies, principles of MD, the different properties of membrane composites alongside compositions and modules of membranes. The desired membrane characteristics, MD configurations, role of electrospinning in MD, characteristics and modifications of membranes used for MD are also highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monis Bin Abid
- Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of General Studies, University of Prince Mugrin Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roswanira Abdul Wahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Enzyme Technology and Green Synthesis Group, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Abdel Salam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lassaad Gzara
- Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal Ahmed Moujdin
- Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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New Materials and Phenomena in Membrane Distillation. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, membrane-based processes have been extensively applied to a wide range of industrial processes, including gas separation, food industry, drug purification, and wastewater treatment. Membrane distillation is a thermally driven separation process, in which only vapour molecules transfer through a microporous hydrophobic membrane. At the operational level, the performance of membrane distillation is negatively affected by wetting and temperature polarization phenomena. In order to overcome these issues, advanced membranes have been developed in recent years. This review, which focuses specifically on membrane distillation presents the basic concepts associated with the mass and heat transfer through hydrophobic membranes, membrane properties, and advances in membrane materials. Photothermal materials for solar-driven membrane distillation applications are also presented and discussed.
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Chi N, Yang Z, Feng L, Li X, Zhu J, Jiang Z, Zheng H. Efficient removal of RR2 dye by electro- Ce(III) process with its elegant arts and attractive charm in performance, energy consumption and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114590. [PMID: 36252834 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive red 2 (RR2) azo dye wastewater poses a serious hazard to the water environment health, so using a novel and efficient Electro- Ce(III) (E- Ce(III)) process takes on a critical significance in treating RR2 dye wastewater. In this study, the effects of a variety of single-factor conditions on RR2 removal efficiency were evaluated in depth. The results indicated that the optimal experimental conditions are as reaction temperature of 25 °C, Na2SO4 concentration of 25 mM, Ce(III) concentration of 0.3 mM, pH of 4.0, and current density of 40.0 mA/cm2. When the RR2 dye wastewater was treated for 40 min under the optimal experimental conditions, a high removal rate of 99.8% for RR2 was obtained. It is suggested that the background ion PO43- in the dye wastewater inhibits the E-Ce (III) process, whereas Cl- facilitates this process. Moreover, the yield of Ce(IV) increases with the increase of the current density. At the current density of 40.0 mA/cm2, a reasonable energy consumption of 3.85 kW h/gTOC for the process was obtained after the 3-h treatment. The effects of different degradation processes (including Direct Electrooxidation (DEO), single Ce(III), and E-Ce (III)) on RR2 removal efficiency and TOC change were compared. The types of oxidizing substances in the E-Ce (III) process were detected, and the mechanism of RR2 oxidative degradation in the E-Ce (III) process was summarized. The result suggests that the E-Ce (III) process has low power consumption. Meanwhile, in the E-Ce (III) process, free reactive Ce(IV) with strong oxidation is continuously generated, RR2 can be efficiently degraded. And the continuous cycle transformation between Ce(III) and Ce(IV) maintains the strong oxidation of the process. The contribution of free reactive Ce(IV) and DEO to RR2 degradation was obtained as 58.8% and 39.8%, respectively. The combined effect of Ce(IV) and DEO played a major role in the E-Ce (III) process, while ·OH exhibited a relatively weak effect (nearly 1.4%). RR2 was comprised of 13 major intermediates, and the biodegradability of wastewater was improved significantly after treatment, thus facilitating the further mineralization and biodegradation of the products. The E- Ce(III) process is novel, efficient, and environment-friendly, and has a large market application space, suggesting that it can be applied as an efficient, economic, and sustainable water treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianping Chi
- School of Municipal and Geomatics Engineering, Hunan City University, Hunan Province Engineering &Technology Research Center for Rural Water Quality Safety, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China
| | - Zhenwen Yang
- School of Municipal and Geomatics Engineering, Hunan City University, Hunan Province Engineering &Technology Research Center for Rural Water Quality Safety, Yiyang, Hunan, 413000, China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xuhao Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Junren Zhu
- Chongqing City Management College, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Jiang
- Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, 402260, PR China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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Li WP, Paing AT, Chow CA, Qua MS, Mottaiyan K, Lu K, Dhalla A, Chung TS, Gudipati C. Scale Up and Validation of Novel Tri-Bore PVDF Hollow Fiber Membranes for Membrane Distillation Application in Desalination and Industrial Wastewater Recycling. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:573. [PMID: 35736279 PMCID: PMC9229717 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12060573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel tri-bore polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes (TBHF) were scaled-up for fabrication on industrial-scale hollow fiber spinning equipment, with the objective of validating the membrane technology for membrane distillation (MD) applications in areas such as desalination, resource recovery, and zero liquid discharge. The membrane chemistry and spinning processes were adapted from a previously reported method and optimized to suit large-scale production processes with the objective of translating the technology from lab scale to pilot scale and eventual commercialization. The membrane process was successfully optimized in small 1.5 kg batches and scaled-up to 20 kg and 50 kg batch sizes with good reproducibility of membrane properties. The membranes were then assembled into 0.5-inch and 2-inch modules of different lengths and evaluated in direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) mode, as well as vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) mode. The 0.5-inch modules had a permeate flux >10 L m−2 h−1, whereas the 2-inch module flux dropped significantly to <2 L m−2 h−1 according to testing with 3.5 wt.% NaCl feed. Several optimization trials were carried out to improve the DCMD and VMD flux to >5 L m−2 h−1, whereas the salt rejection consistently remained ≥99.9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Paul Li
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Aung Thet Paing
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Chin Ann Chow
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Marn Soon Qua
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Karikalan Mottaiyan
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Kangjia Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore;
| | - Adil Dhalla
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Tai-Shung Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore;
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chakravarthy Gudipati
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Center (START), Nanyang Technological University—NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (W.P.L.); (A.T.P.); (C.A.C.); (M.S.Q.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
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15
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Qua MS, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Hernandez S, Paing AT, Mottaiyan K, Zuo J, Dhalla A, Chung TS, Gudipati C. Novel Sandwich-Structured Hollow Fiber Membrane for High-Efficiency Membrane Distillation and Scale-Up for Pilot Validation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:423. [PMID: 35448394 PMCID: PMC9032867 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hollow fiber membranes were produced from a commercial polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer, Kynar HSV 900, with a unique sandwich structure consisting of two sponge-like layers connected to the outer and inner skin layers while the middle layer comprises macrovoids. The sponge-like layer allows the membrane to have good mechanical strength even at low skin thickness and favors water vapor transportation during vacuum membrane distillation (VMD). The middle layer with macrovoids helps to significantly reduce the trans-membrane resistance during water vapor transportation from the feed side to the permeate side. Together, these novel structural characteristics are expected to render the PVDF hollow fiber membranes more efficient in terms of vapor flux as well as mechanical integrity. Using the chemistry and process conditions adopted from previous work, we were able to scale up the membrane fabrication from a laboratory scale of 1.5 kg to a manufacturing scale of 50 kg with consistent membrane performance. The produced PVDF membrane, with a liquid entry pressure (LEPw) of >3 bar and a pure water flux of >30 L/m2·hr (LMH) under VMD conditions at 70−80 °C, is perfectly suitable for next-generation high-efficiency membranes for desalination and industrial wastewater applications. The technology translation efforts, including membrane and module scale-up as well as the preliminary pilot-scale validation study, are discussed in detail in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marn Soon Qua
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Junyou Zhang
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Sebastian Hernandez
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Aung Thet Paing
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Karikalan Mottaiyan
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Jian Zuo
- Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
| | - Adil Dhalla
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Tai-Shung Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 637141, Singapore
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Chakravarthy Gudipati
- Separation Technologies Applied Research and Translation Centre (START), Nanyang Technological University–NTUitive Pte Ltd., Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637141, Singapore; (M.S.Q.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (S.H.); (A.T.P.); (K.M.); (A.D.)
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