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Zhao Q, Zhao Z, Zhang J, Ni Y, Ouyang S, Qi H, Yu Y, Miron RJ, Tang H, Zhang Y. Fn-HMGB1 Adsorption Behavior Initiates Early Immune Recognition and Subsequent Osteoinduction of Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301808. [PMID: 37602504 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Implantable biomaterials are widely used in bone tissue engineering, but little is still known about how they initiate early immune recognition and the initial dynamics. Herein, the early immune recognition and subsequent osteoinduction of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) after implantation to the protein adsorption behavior is attributed. By liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, the biomaterial-related molecular patterns (BAMPs) formed after BCP implantation are mapped, dominated by the highly expressed extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (Fn) and the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Molecular dynamics simulations show that Fn has the ability to bind more readily to the BCP surface than HMGB1. The preferential binding of Fn provides a higher adsorption energy for HMGB1. Furthermore, multiple hydrogen bonding sites between HMGB1 and Fn are demonstrated using a molecular docking approach. Ultimately, the formation of BAMPs through HMGB1 antagonist glycyrrhizic acid (GA), resulting in impaired immune recognition of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88) mediated dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mφs), as well as failed osteoinduction processes is obstructed. This study introduces a mechanism for early immune recognition of implant materials based on protein adsorption, providing perspectives for future design and application of tissue engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zifan Zhao
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Faculty of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; National Center of Stomatology; National Engineerœing Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology; Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yueqi Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Simin Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Haoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yiqian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, 300392, Switzerland
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Autoimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250000, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Ren J, Xiao H. Exercise Intervention for Alzheimer's Disease: Unraveling Neurobiological Mechanisms and Assessing Effects. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2285. [PMID: 38137886 PMCID: PMC10744739 DOI: 10.3390/life13122285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and a major cause of age-related dementia, characterized by cognitive dysfunction and memory impairment. The underlying causes include the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) in the brain, abnormal phosphorylation, and aggregation of tau protein within nerve cells, as well as neuronal damage and death. Currently, there is no cure for AD with drug therapy. Non-pharmacological interventions such as exercise have been widely used to treat AD, but the specific molecular and biological mechanisms are not well understood. In this narrative review, we integrate the biology of AD and summarize the knowledge of the molecular, neural, and physiological mechanisms underlying exercise-induced improvements in AD progression. We discuss various exercise interventions used in AD and show that exercise directly or indirectly affects the brain by regulating crosstalk mechanisms between peripheral organs and the brain, including "bone-brain crosstalk", "muscle-brain crosstalk", and "gut-brain crosstalk". We also summarize the potential role of artificial intelligence and neuroimaging technologies in exercise interventions for AD. We emphasize that moderate-intensity, regular, long-term exercise may improve the progression of Alzheimer's disease through various molecular and biological pathways, with multimodal exercise providing greater benefits. Through in-depth exploration of the molecular and biological mechanisms and effects of exercise interventions in improving AD progression, this review aims to contribute to the existing knowledge base and provide insights into new therapeutic strategies for managing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchang Ren
- Institute of Sport and Health, Guangdong Provincial Kay Laboratory of Development and Education for Special Needs Child, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524037, China
- Institute of Sport and Health, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Haili Xiao
- Institute of Sport and Health, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524037, China;
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Gao Y, Yang Z, He K, Wang Z, Zhang T, Yi J, Zhao L. Voluntary wheel-running improved pulmonary fibrosis by reducing epithelial mesenchymal transformation. Life Sci 2023; 331:122066. [PMID: 37666388 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pulmonary fibrosis seriously affects the health and life quality of patients. Exercise has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, but its effect on pulmonary fibrosis is unclear. In this study, the effect and mechanism of exercise on pulmonary fibrosis induced by paraquat were detected. MAIN METHODS Three data sets were retrieved from GEO data. The biological significance of DEGs generation was determined by GO, KEGG, GSEA, and PPI. Thirty male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into control group, model group and exercise group. H&E staining, Masson staining, Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to explore the results. The levels of SOD, CAT, MDA, and GSH in lung tissue were analyzed with detection kits. The levels of inflammatory factors in serum and BALF were measured by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS Compared with the control group, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrotic lesions were increased in the model group. Compared with the model group, voluntary wheel-running reducing the EMT of alveolar epithelial cells, the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and the level of oxidative distress. Moreover, compared to model group, the serum IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ were increased, while the serum CXCL1 were decreased, while the levels of CXCL1, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were decreased in exercise group. SIGNIFICANCE Voluntary wheel-running reduced inflammatory infiltration and upregulated the expression of antioxidative distress proteins, further to improve the degree of EMT, and ultimately alleviated paraquat induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoyun Yang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Kang He
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Tingyu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Jiang Yi
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China.
| | - Lijing Zhao
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, Jilin, China.
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Zhao Z, Zhang J, Yang Z, Zhao Q. Biodegradation of HA and β-TCP Ceramics Regulated by T-Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091962. [PMID: 36145710 PMCID: PMC9502083 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradability is one of the most important properties of implantable bone biomaterials, which is directly related to material bioactivity and the osteogenic effect. How foreign body giant cells (FBGC) involved in the biodegradation of bone biomaterials are regulated by the immune system is poorly understood. Hence, this study found that β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) induced more FBGCs formation in the microenvironment (p = 0.0061) accompanied by more TNFα (p = 0.0014), IFNγ (p = 0.0024), and T-cells (p = 0.0029) than hydroxyapatite (HA), resulting in better biodegradability. The final use of T-cell depletion in mice confirmed that T-cell-mediated immune responses play a decisive role in the formation of FBGCs and promote bioceramic biodegradation. This study reveals the biological mechanism of in vivo biodegradation of implantable bone tissue engineering materials from the perspective of material-immune system interaction, which complements the mechanism of T-cells’ adaptive immunity in bone immune regulation and can be used as a theoretical basis for rational optimization of implantable material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zaibo Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi 445000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qin Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (Q.Z.)
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Therapeutic Benefits of Pomegranate Flower Extract: A Novel Effect That Reduces Oxidative Stress and Significantly Improves Diastolic Relaxation in Hyperglycemic In Vitro in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4158762. [PMID: 35722136 PMCID: PMC9200500 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4158762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pomegranate flower is an ancient herb in traditional Chinese medicine with multiple properties. Recent studies have shown that pomegranate flower extract is beneficial, especially for hyperglycemia. In this experiment, we investigated the diastolic effect of pomegranate flower polyphenol (PFP) extract on the isolated thoracic aorta of rats in both the absence and presence of high glucose levels. Isotonic contractile forces were recorded from aortic rings (about 3 mm in length) from rats using the BL-420F Biological Function Test System. Tissues were precontracted with 60 mM KCl to obtain maximum tension under 1.0 g load for 1 hour before the balance was achieved, and the fluid was changed every 15 minutes. PFP (700 mg/L–900 mg/L) showed a concentration-dependent relaxant effect on the aortic rings; vasodilation in the endothelium-intact was significantly higher than that in the de-endothelialized segments (P < 0.01). The endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effect of PFP was partially attenuated by K+ channel blockers, tetraethylammonium (TEA), glibenclamide (Glib), and BaCl2, as well as L-NAME (eNOS inhibitor) on the denuded endothelium artery ring. Concentration-dependent inhibition of PFP on releasing intracellular Ca2+ in the Ca2+-free solution and vasoconstriction of CaCl2 in Ca2+-free buffer plus K+ (60 mM) was observed. In addition, PFP (0.1–10 mg/L) showed significant inhibition of acetylcholine-induced endothelial-dependent relaxation in the aorta of rats in the presence of high glucose (44 mmol/L). Nevertheless, the vasodilating effect of PFP was inhibited by atropine and L-NAME. The results indicated that PFP-induced vasodilation was most likely related to the antioxidant effects through enhanced NO synthesis, as well as the blocking of K+ channels and inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ entry. In conclusion, these observations showed that PFP ameliorates vasodilation in hyperglycemic rats. Hence, our results suggest that PFP supplementation may be beneficial for hypertensive patients with diabetes.
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Bone Tissue Engineering through 3D Bioprinting of Bioceramic Scaffolds: A Review and Update. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060903. [PMID: 35743934 PMCID: PMC9225502 DOI: 10.3390/life12060903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trauma and bone loss from infections, tumors, and congenital diseases make bone repair and regeneration the greatest challenges in orthopedic, craniofacial, and plastic surgeries. The shortage of donors, intrinsic limitations, and complications in transplantation have led to more focus and interest in regenerative medicine. Structures that closely mimic bone tissue can be produced by this unique technology. The steady development of three-dimensional (3D)-printed bone tissue engineering scaffold therapy has played an important role in achieving the desired goal. Bioceramic scaffolds are widely studied and appear to be the most promising solution. In addition, 3D printing technology can simulate mechanical and biological surface properties and print with high precision complex internal and external structures to match their functional properties. Inkjet, extrusion, and light-based 3D printing are among the rapidly advancing bone bioprinting technologies. Furthermore, stem cell therapy has recently shown an important role in this field, although large tissue defects are difficult to fill by injection alone. The combination of 3D-printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds with stem cells has shown very promising results. Therefore, biocompatible artificial tissue engineering with living cells is the key element required for clinical applications where there is a high demand for bone defect repair. Furthermore, the emergence of various advanced manufacturing technologies has made the form of biomaterials and their functions, composition, and structure more diversified, and manifold. The importance of this article lies in that it aims to briefly review the main principles and characteristics of the currently available methods in orthopedic bioprinting technology to prepare bioceramic scaffolds, and finally discuss the challenges and prospects for applications in this promising and vital field.
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Liu J, He H, Tang L, Peng Y, Mu J, Lan L, Chen C, Dong Z, Cheng L. Comparison of the effect of bone induction with different exercise modes in mice. Biomed Mater Eng 2022; 33:365-375. [PMID: 35180103 DOI: 10.3233/bme-211341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUD The calcium phosphate biomaterials have excellent bone inductivity, exercise can promote the bone formation of biomaterials in animals, but it is not clear which exercise mode is better. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of different exercise modes on osteoinduction by calcium phosphate-based biomaterials which were implanted in mice. METHOD The collagen-thermosensitive hydrogel-calcium phosphate (CTC) composite was prepared and transplanted in the thigh muscle of mice, then all mice were divided randomly into four groups (n = 10): the uphill running group, the downhill running group, the swimming group and the control group (conventional breeding). Ten weeks later, the samples were harvested, fixed, decalcified, embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and then the osteoinduction phenomenon was observed and compared through digital slice scanning system. The area percentage of new bone-related tissues and the number of osteocytes and chondrocytes were counted and calculated. Lastly, the immunohistochemistry of type I collagen (ColI) and osteopontin (OPN) was performed to identify the new bone tissues. RESULTS The area percentage of new bone-related tissues and the number of osteocytes and chondrocytes were positively correlated; ordering from most to least of each group were as followings: the uphill running group > the swimming group > the downhill running group > the control group. The immunostaining of ColI and OPN results showed that both of the two proteins were identified in the new bone tissues, indicating that the CTC composite could induce ectopic bone formation in mice, especially training for uphill running and swimming. CONCLUSION Our results show that uphill running or swimming is a form of exercise that is beneficial to osteogenesis. According to this, we propose treatment with artificial bone transplantation to patients who suffer from bone defects. Patients should do moderate exercise, such as running uphill on the treadmill or swimming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyan He
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Affiliated Hospital and Clinical College, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Mu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Lan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihong Dong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijia Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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Chang X, Xu S, Zhang H. Regulation of bone health through physical exercise: Mechanisms and types. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1029475. [PMID: 36568096 PMCID: PMC9768366 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1029475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by bone mineral density reduction, bone mass loss, increased bone fragility, and propensity to fractures, is a common disease in older individuals and one of the most serious health problems worldwide. The imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts results in the predominance of bone resorption and decreased bone formation. In recent years, it has been found that regular and proper exercise not only helps prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis but also adds benefits to osteoporosis therapy; accordingly, bone homeostasis is closely associated with mechanical stress and the intricate crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of exercise on osteoporosis and provide new proposals for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyu Chang, ; Sheng Xu, ; Hao Zhang,
| | - Sheng Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyu Chang, ; Sheng Xu, ; Hao Zhang,
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyu Chang, ; Sheng Xu, ; Hao Zhang,
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The Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis after Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063057. [PMID: 33802713 PMCID: PMC8002377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects approximately 300,000 people in the United States. Most individuals who sustain severe SCI also develop subsequent osteoporosis. However, beyond immobilization-related lack of long bone loading, multiple mechanisms of SCI-related bone density loss are incompletely understood. Recent findings suggest neuronal impairment and disability may lead to an upregulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), which promotes bone resorption. Disruption of Wnt signaling and dysregulation of RANKL may also contribute to the pathogenesis of SCI-related osteoporosis. Estrogenic effects may protect bones from resorption by decreasing the upregulation of RANKL. This review will discuss the current proposed physiological and cellular mechanisms explaining osteoporosis associated with SCI. In addition, we will discuss emerging pharmacological and physiological treatment strategies, including the promising effects of estrogen on cellular protection.
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Khalaf AT, Wei Y, Alneamah SJA, Al-Shawi SG, Kadir SYA, Zainol J, Liu X. What Is New in the Preventive and Therapeutic Role of Dairy Products as Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8823222. [PMID: 33681381 PMCID: PMC7925044 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8823222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have taken on considerable significance due to their supposed safety and possible nutritional and medicinal effects. Pharmaceutical and dietary companies are conscious of monetary success, which benefits healthier consumers and the altering trends that result in these heart-oriented value-added products being proliferated. Numerous nutraceuticals are claimed to have multiple therapeutic benefits despite advantages, and unwanted effects encompass a lack of substantial evidence. Several common nutraceuticals involve glucosamine, omega-3, Echinacea, cod liver oil, folic acid, ginseng, orange juice supplemented with calcium, and green tea. This review is dedicated to improving the understanding of nutrients based on specific illness indications. It was reported that functional foods contain physiologically active components that confer various health benefits. Studies have shown that some foods and dietary patterns play a major role in the primary prevention of many ailment conditions that lead to putative functional foods being identified. Research and studies are needed to support the possible health benefits of different functional foods that have not yet been clinically validated for the relationships between diet and health. The term "functional foods" may additionally involve health/functional health foods, foods enriched with vitamins/minerals, nutritional improvements, or even conventional medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Taha Khalaf
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China 518055
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Chen X, Yang K, Jin X, Meng Z, Liu B, Yu H, Lu P, Wang K, Fan Z, Tang Z, Zhang F, Liu C. Bone Autophagy: A Potential Way of Exercise-Mediated Meg3/P62/Runx2 Pathway to Regulate Bone Formation in T2DM Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2753-2764. [PMID: 34168475 PMCID: PMC8216663 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s299744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meg3 has been shown to attenuate T2DM bone autophagy by activating p62 to inhibit bone formation. However, whether exercise can reverse this process to promote T2DM bone formation and its mechanism remains unknown. METHODS A T2DM mouse model was established by a high-fat diet and STZ injection, and the mice were trained with 8-week HIIT and downhill running exercise. Micro-CT was used to scan the bone microstructure. Bone morphology was observed by HE staining, and the osteoblast (OB) activity in bones was observed by AKP staining. Calcium ion and phosphorus concentration in serum was detected by ELISA; RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA level, and Western blot was used to detect the protein level of related indexes in Meg3/p62/Runx2 pathway. RESULTS The inhibition of bone autophagy, in the bones of T2DM mice, resulted in the degradation of the bone tissue morphology and structure, with the increase of the expressions of Meg3, PI3K, Akt, mTOR, p62 and NF-κB. However, 8-week HIIT and downhill running could reverse this process, especially downhill running, manifested with the up-regulation of miR-16 mRNA level, along with Beclin-1, LC3 II and Runx2 mRNA and protein level. CONCLUSION T2DM leads to pathology in model mice. Eight-week HIIT and downhill running exercise can inhibit Meg3, activate autophagy of osteoblasts and promote bone formation in T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Yang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Jin
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xing Jin; Zhaoxiang Meng Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China Email
| | - Zhaoxiang Meng
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
- Zhaoxiang Meng Email
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huilin Yu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Lu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kui Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhangling Fan
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziang Tang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengye Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
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Photodynamic Therapy Using HMME for Port-Wine Stains: Clinical Effectiveness and Sonographic Appearance. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6030581. [PMID: 32802859 PMCID: PMC7414368 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6030581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aims at exploring the clinical efficacy and sonographic changes of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using Hematoporphyrin Monomethyl Ether (HMME) for the treatment of port-wine stains (PWS). Forty-five patients with PWS were recruited between March 2017 and June 2018 from the Department of Dermatology of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Five cases were of the pink type, thirty-nine cases were of the purple-red type, and one case was of the thickened type. All patients received three treatment sessions of PDT. After covering normal skin outside the treated area, patients received an intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg HMME within 20 minutes. The affected areas were exposed to a 532 nm LED light and were kept vertically at a distance of 10 cm. The irradiation energy density was set between 80 and 110 J/cm2 in 15-minute sessions. Intermittent power density adjustment was performed at a rate of 5 mW/cm2, and the treatment was withheld when the endpoint reaction appeared. Three follow-ups were performed before and after treatment, respectively, and the efficacy, thickness, and density of skin before and after treatment were evaluated with high-frequency ultrasound. The overall efficacy rate was 97.78% in forty-five cases after treatment for three sessions. Efficacy was related to age (P = 0.029) and lesion severity (P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the efficacy between the groups of <18 years old, 18-29 years old, and >29 years old (P = 0.029). A marked decrease in the numbers of distorted enlarged blood vessels per unit of the lesion was observed under high-frequency ultrasound. There were significant differences in skin thickness and skin density before and after treatment (F = 14.528, 5.428, P < 0.001). The swelling was reported to varying degrees in the treated areas in 23 patients with cheek lesion and in 6 frontal lesions. Hyperpigmentation after inflammation was observed in four patients that faded spontaneously after two months. In conclusion, photodynamic therapy for the treatment of PWS using HMME is effective and safe with few adverse reactions. Moreover, monitoring the changes in skin thickness and density of lesion tissue using high-frequency ultrasound can objectively evaluate the clinical efficacy of HMME photodynamic therapy and provide the basis for the formulation of individualized photodynamic therapy.
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