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Yemelyanov VV, Puzanskiy RK, Shishova MF. Plant Life with and without Oxygen: A Metabolomics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16222. [PMID: 38003412 PMCID: PMC10671363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen deficiency is an environmental challenge which affects plant growth, the development and distribution in land and aquatic ecosystems, as well as crop yield losses worldwide. The capacity to exist in the conditions of deficiency or the complete lack of oxygen depends on a number of anatomic, developmental and molecular adaptations. The lack of molecular oxygen leads to an inhibition of aerobic respiration, which causes energy starvation and the acceleration of glycolysis passing into fermentations. We focus on systemic metabolic alterations revealed with the different approaches of metabolomics. Oxygen deprivation stimulates the accumulation of glucose, pyruvate and lactate, indicating the acceleration of the sugar metabolism, glycolysis and lactic fermentation, respectively. Among the Krebs-cycle metabolites, only the succinate level increases. Amino acids related to glycolysis, including the phosphoglycerate family (Ser and Gly), shikimate family (Phe, Tyr and Trp) and pyruvate family (Ala, Leu and Val), are greatly elevated. Members of the Asp family (Asn, Lys, Met, Thr and Ile), as well as the Glu family (Glu, Pro, Arg and GABA), accumulate as well. These metabolites are important members of the metabolic signature of oxygen deficiency in plants, linking glycolysis with an altered Krebs cycle and allowing alternative pathways of NAD(P)H reoxidation to avoid the excessive accumulation of toxic fermentation products (lactate, acetaldehyde, ethanol). Reoxygenation induces the downregulation of the levels of major anaerobically induced metabolites, including lactate, succinate and amino acids, especially members of the pyruvate family (Ala, Leu and Val), Tyr and Glu family (GABA and Glu) and Asp family (Asn, Met, Thr and Ile). The metabolic profiles during native and environmental hypoxia are rather similar, consisting in the accumulation of fermentation products, succinate, fumarate and amino acids, particularly Ala, Gly and GABA. The most intriguing fact is that metabolic alterations during oxidative stress are very much similar, with plant response to oxygen deprivation but not to reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav V. Yemelyanov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Roman K. Puzanskiy
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (R.K.P.); (M.F.S.)
- Laboratory of Analytical Phytochemistry, Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maria F. Shishova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (R.K.P.); (M.F.S.)
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Tahmasebi A, Roach T, Shin SY, Lee CW. Fusarium solani infection disrupts metabolism during the germination of roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1225426. [PMID: 37615017 PMCID: PMC10442802 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1225426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections adversely influence the production and quality of seeds. Previously, Fusarium solani was reported as the causal agent of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seed rot. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of F. solani infection on the germination, biochemical composition, energy reserves, and antioxidant activity of roselle seeds because there is currently a lack of information on the relationship between seed metabolism and infection with F. solani. The results showed that roselle seeds infected with F. solani exhibited a ca. 55% reduction in overall germination. Additionally, the fungal infection decreased antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, protein, sugar (sucrose, fructose, and glucose), and some amino acid (glutamine, serine, and arginine) contents. In contrast, some metabolites were more abundant in infected seeds, including alanine (2.1-fold) and some fatty acids (palmitic acid and heptadecanoic acid by 1.1- and 1.4-fold, respectively). The infection-associated changes in fatty acid profile resulted in the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids being 2.1-fold higher in infected seeds. Therefore, our results reveal that F. solani infection remarkably altered the biochemical composition of roselle seeds, which may have contributed to the loss of germination and quality of roselle seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminallah Tahmasebi
- Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Song Yub Shin
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Won Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Nwogha JS, Wosene AG, Raveendran M, Obidiegwu JE, Oselebe HO, Kambale R, Chilaka CA, Rajagopalan VR. Comparative Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Key Metabolites and Associated Pathways Regulating Tuber Dormancy in White Yam ( Dioscorea rotundata Poir.). Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050610. [PMID: 37233651 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Yams are economic and medicinal crops with a long growth cycle, spanning between 9-11 months due to their prolonged tuber dormancy. Tuber dormancy has constituted a major constraint in yam production and genetic improvement. In this study, we performed non-targeted comparative metabolomic profiling of tubers of two white yam genotypes, (Obiaoturugo and TDr1100873), to identify metabolites and associated pathways that regulate yam tuber dormancy using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Yam tubers were sampled between 42 days after physiological maturity (DAPM) till tuber sprouting. The sampling points include 42-DAPM, 56-DAPM, 87DAPM, 101-DAPM, 115-DAPM, and 143-DAPM. A total of 949 metabolites were annotated, 559 in TDr1100873 and 390 in Obiaoturugo. A total of 39 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified across the studied tuber dormancy stages in the two genotypes. A total of 27 DAMs were conserved between the two genotypes, whereas 5 DAMs were unique in the tubers of TDr1100873 and 7 DAMs were in the tubers of Obiaoturugo. The differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) spread across 14 major functional chemical groups. Amines and biogenic polyamines, amino acids and derivatives, alcohols, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, esters, coumarins, and phytohormone positively regulated yam tuber dormancy induction and maintenance, whereas fatty acids, lipids, nucleotides, carboxylic acids, sugars, terpenoids, benzoquinones, and benzene derivatives positively regulated dormancy breaking and sprouting in tubers of both yam genotypes. Metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) revealed that 12 metabolisms were significantly enriched during yam tuber dormancy stages. Metabolic pathway topology analysis further revealed that six metabolic pathways (linoleic acid metabolic pathway, phenylalanine metabolic pathway, galactose metabolic pathway, starch and sucrose metabolic pathway, alanine-aspartate-glutamine metabolic pathways, and purine metabolic pathway) exerted significant impact on yam tuber dormancy regulation. This result provides vital insights into molecular mechanisms regulating yam tuber dormancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah S Nwogha
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
- Yam Research Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike 440001, Nigeria
| | - Abtew G Wosene
- Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
| | - Muthurajan Raveendran
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Jude E Obidiegwu
- Yam Research Programme, National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike 440001, Nigeria
| | - Happiness O Oselebe
- Department of Crop Production and Landscape Management, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki 480282, Nigeria
| | - Rohit Kambale
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
| | - Cynthia A Chilaka
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Veera Ranjani Rajagopalan
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Departments of Plant Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India
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Guo H, Lai J, Li C, Zhou H, Wang C, Ye W, Zhong Y, Zhao X, Zhang F, Yang J, Wang S. Comparative Metabolomics Reveals Key Determinants in the Flavor and Nutritional Value of Coconut by HS-SPME/GC-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080691. [PMID: 35893258 PMCID: PMC9394352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Coconut is a tropical fruit whose flesh has high flavor quality and nutritional value; however, the differences between coconut varieties are still unclear. Here, volatiles and non-volatiles were profiled at three ripening stages by HS-SPME/GC-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS in two coconut varieties (Hainan Tall, HT and Green Dwarf, GD). Four metabolite classes of volatiles were associated with good aroma including hydrocarbons, benzenoids, alcohols and esters, and these volatiles were generally higher in GD, especially at 7 and 9 months of coconut growth. Pathway-based metabolomics revealed that flavonols and their derivatives were significantly enriched in HT, and some of these metabolites were key determinants of HT flesh bitterness, including kaempferol 7-O-glucoside, a known bitter metabolite. Despite the overall accumulation of amino acids, including L-alanine, L-serine and L-methionine in GD, comparative metabolomics revealed that HT flesh provides a higher content of vitamins than GD. This study sheds light on the metabolic pathways and key metabolites differentiating the flesh flavor quality and nutritional value among coconut varieties, and reveals the possible mechanisms of flavor formation and regulation in coconut fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Guo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jun Lai
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chun Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Haihong Zhou
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Weizhen Ye
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yue Zhong
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xuecheng Zhao
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
| | - Feng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Jun Yang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (S.W.)
| | - Shouchuang Wang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (H.G.); (J.L.); (C.L.); (H.Z.); (C.W.); (W.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (S.W.)
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Zhang W, Xia L, Peng F, Song C, Manzoor MA, Cai Y, Jin Q. Transcriptomics and metabolomics changes triggered by exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine in relieving epicotyl dormancy of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:961899. [PMID: 35958203 PMCID: PMC9358440 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is one of the most useful herbs in traditional Chinese medicine and widely used in medicinal and edible perennial plant. However, the seeds have the characteristics of epicotyl dormancy. In this study, the molecular basis for relieving epicotyl dormancy of P. cyrtonema seeds under exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) treatment was revealed for the first time through transcriptome and metabolomics analysis. We determined the elongation of epicotyl buds as a critical period for dormancy release and found that the content of trans-zeatin, proline, auxin and gibberellin was higher, while flavonoids and arginine were lower in the treatment group. Transcriptome analysis showed that there were significant differences in gene expression in related pathways, and the expression patterns were highly consistent with the change of metabolites in corresponding pathways. Co-expression analysis showed that cytokinin dehydrogenase of P. cyrtonema (PcCKXs) and pelargonidin in flavonoid biosynthesis, as well as L-proline, L-ornithine, and L-citrulline in arginine and proline metabolism form network modules, indicating that they have related regulatory roles. Above all, our findings provide new insight into the exogenous 6-BA relieving epicotyl dormancy of P. cyrtonema seeds.
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