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Rippa A, Bilei S, Peruzy MF, Marrocco MG, Leggeri P, Bossù T, Murru N. Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated in Food and Food-Processing Environments in Italy. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:525. [PMID: 38927191 PMCID: PMC11200948 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, along with various other pathogenic bacteria, may show resistance against a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Evaluating the extent of resistance in harmful microorganisms like Listeria monocytogenes holds significant importance in crafting novel therapeutic strategies to mitigate or combat the rise of infections stemming from antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The present work aims to investigate the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among Listeria monocytogenes strains in meat products (n = 173), seafood (n = 54), dairy products (n = 19), sauces (n = 2), confectionary products (n = 1), ready-to-eat rice dishes (n = 1), and food-processing environments (n = 19). A total of 269 Listeria monocytogenes strains belonging to eight different serovars were tested against 10 antimicrobials. In the classes of antibiotics, most of the strains were resistant antibiotics belonging to the family of β-lactams (92.94%). High proportions of L. monocytogenes isolates were resistant to oxacillin (88.48%), followed by fosfomycin (85.87%) and flumenique (78.44%). The lowest level of resistance was observed against gentamycin (1.49%). A total of 235 strains (n = 87.36%) showed a profile of multidrug resistance. In conclusion, a high occurrence of resistant and multidrug-resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes was observed among the examined serotypes isolated from different food sources. This understanding enables the adoption of suitable measures to avert contamination and the spread of resistant bacteria via food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rippa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Stefano Bilei
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Regions Lazio and Toscana “Mariano Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 001411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (M.G.M.); (P.L.); (T.B.)
| | - Maria Francesca Peruzy
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (N.M.)
| | - Maria Grazia Marrocco
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Regions Lazio and Toscana “Mariano Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 001411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (M.G.M.); (P.L.); (T.B.)
| | - Patrizia Leggeri
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Regions Lazio and Toscana “Mariano Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 001411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (M.G.M.); (P.L.); (T.B.)
| | - Teresa Bossù
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Regions Lazio and Toscana “Mariano Aleandri”, Via Appia Nuova 001411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (M.G.M.); (P.L.); (T.B.)
| | - Nicoletta Murru
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.R.); (N.M.)
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Ngema SS, Madoroba E. A Mini-Review of Anti-Listerial Compounds from Marine Actinobacteria (1990-2023). Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:362. [PMID: 38667038 PMCID: PMC11047329 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13040362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Among the foodborne illnesses, listeriosis has the third highest case mortality rate (20-30% or higher). Emerging drug-resistant strains of Listeria monocytogenes, a causative bacterium of listeriosis, exacerbate the seriousness of this public health concern. Novel anti-Listerial compounds are therefore needed to combat this challenge. In recent years, marine actinobacteria have come to be regarded as a promising source of novel antimicrobials. Hence, our aim was to provide a narrative of the available literature and discuss trends regarding bioprospecting marine actinobacteria for new anti-Listerial compounds. Four databases were searched for the review: Academic Search Ultimate, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and South African Thesis and Dissertations. The search was restricted to peer-reviewed full-text manuscripts that discussed marine actinobacteria as a source of antimicrobials and were written in English from 1990 to December 2023. In total, for the past three decades (1990-December 2023), only 23 compounds from marine actinobacteria have been tested for their anti-Listerial potential. Out of the 23 reported compounds, only 2-allyoxyphenol, adipostatins E-G, 4-bromophenol, and ansamycins (seco-geldanamycin B, 4.5-dihydro-17-O-demethylgeldanamycin, and seco-geldanamycin) have been found to possess anti-Listerial activity. Thus, our literature survey reveals the scarcity of published assays testing the anti-Listerial capacity of bioactive compounds sourced from marine actinobacteria during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evelyn Madoroba
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa;
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Sarr M, Alou MT, Padane A, Diouf FS, Beye M, Sokhna C, Fenollar F, Mboup S, Raoult D, Million M. A review of the literature of Listeria monocytogenes in Africa highlights breast milk as an overlooked human source. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1213953. [PMID: 38173673 PMCID: PMC10761537 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1213953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the latest WHO estimates (2015) of the global burden of foodborne diseases, Listeria monocytogenes is responsible for one of the most serious foodborne infections and commonly results in severe clinical outcomes. The 2013 French MONALISA prospective cohort identified that women born in Africa has a 3-fold increase in the risk of maternal neonatal listeriosis. One of the largest L. monocytogenes outbreaks occurred in South Africa in 2017-2018 with over 1,000 cases. Moreover, recent findings identified L. monocytogenes in human breast milk in Mali and Senegal with its relative abundance positively correlated with severe acute malnutrition. These observations suggest that the carriage of L. monocytogenes in Africa should be further explored, starting with the existing literature. For that purpose, we searched the peer-reviewed and grey literature published dating back to 1926 to date using six databases. Ultimately, 225 articles were included in this review. We highlighted that L. monocytogenes is detected in various sample types including environmental samples, food samples as well as animal and human samples. These studies were mostly conducted in five east African countries, four west African countries, four north African countries, and two Southern African countries. Moreover, only ≈ 0.2% of the Listeria monocytogenes genomes available on NCBI were obtained from African samples, contracted with its detection. The pangenome resulting from the African Listeria monocytogenes samples revealed three clusters including two from South-African strains as well as one consisting of the strains isolated from breast milk in Mali and Senegal and, a vaginal post-miscarriage sample. This suggests there was a clonal complex circulating in Mali and Senegal. As this clone has not been associated to infections, further studies should be conducted to confirm its circulation in the region and explore its association with foodborne infections. Moreover, it is apparent that more resources should be allocated to the detection of L. monocytogenes as only 15/54 countries have reported its detection in the literature. It seems paramount to map the presence and carriage of L. monocytogenes in all African countries to prevent listeriosis outbreaks and the related miscarriages and confirm its association with severe acute malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marièma Sarr
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Campus Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, Dakar, Senegal
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maryam Tidjani Alou
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Abdou Padane
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Fatou Samba Diouf
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Campus Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Mamadou Beye
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Cheikh Sokhna
- Campus Commun UCAD-IRD of Hann, Dakar, Senegal
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Fenollar
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Souleymane Mboup
- Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation (IRESSEF), Dakar, Senegal
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Matthieu Million
- Aix Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Manyi-Loh CE, Lues R. A South African Perspective on the Microbiological and Chemical Quality of Meat: Plausible Public Health Implications. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2484. [PMID: 37894142 PMCID: PMC10608972 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat comprises proteins, fats, vitamins, and trace elements, essential nutrients for the growth and development of the body. The increased demand for meat necessitates the use of antibiotics in intensive farming to sustain and raise productivity. However, the high water activity, the neutral pH, and the high protein content of meat create a favourable milieu for the growth and the persistence of bacteria. Meat serves as a portal for the spread of foodborne diseases. This occurs because of contamination. This review presents information on animal farming in South Africa, the microbial and chemical contamination of meat, and the consequential effects on public health. In South Africa, the sales of meat can be operated both formally and informally. Meat becomes exposed to contamination with different categories of microbes, originating from varying sources during preparation, processing, packaging, storage, and serving to consumers. Apparently, meat harbours diverse pathogenic microorganisms and antibiotic residues alongside the occurrence of drug resistance in zoonotic pathogens, due to the improper use of antibiotics during farming. Different findings obtained across the country showed variations in prevalence of bacteria and multidrug-resistant bacteria studied, which could be explained by the differences in the manufacturer practices, handling processes from producers to consumers, and the success of the hygienic measures employed during production. Furthermore, variation in the socioeconomic and political factors and differences in bacterial strains, geographical area, time, climatic factors, etc. could be responsible for the discrepancy in the level of antibiotic resistance between the provinces. Bacteria identified in meat including Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., etc. are incriminated as pathogenic agents causing serious infections in human and their drug-resistant counterparts can cause prolonged infection plus long hospital stays, increased mortality and morbidity as well as huge socioeconomic burden and even death. Therefore, uncooked meat or improperly cooked meat consumed by the population serves as a risk to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy E. Manyi-Loh
- Centre of Applied Food Sustainability and Biotechnology, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa;
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