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de Souza Rodrigues R, de Souza AQL, Feitoza MDO, Alves TCL, Barbosa AN, da Silva Santiago SRS, de Souza ADL. Biotechnological potential of actinomycetes in the 21st century: a brief review. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2024; 117:82. [PMID: 38789815 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01964-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This brief review aims to draw attention to the biotechnological potential of actinomycetes. Their main uses as sources of antibiotics and in agriculture would be enough not to neglect them; however, as we will see, their biotechnological application is much broader. Far from intending to exhaust this issue, we present a short survey of the research involving actinomycetes and their applications published in the last 23 years. We highlight a perspective for the discovery of new active ingredients or new applications for the known metabolites of these microorganisms that, for approximately 80 years, since the discovery of streptomycin, have been the main source of antibiotics. Based on the collected data, we organize the text to show how the cosmopolitanism of actinomycetes and the evolutionary biotic and abiotic ecological relationships of actinomycetes translate into the expression of metabolites in the environment and the richness of biosynthetic gene clusters, many of which remain silenced in traditional laboratory cultures. We also present the main strategies used in the twenty-first century to promote the expression of these silenced genes and obtain new secondary metabolites from known or new strains. Many of these metabolites have biological activities relevant to medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology industries, including candidates for new drugs or drug models against infectious and non-infectious diseases. Below, we present significant examples of the antimicrobial spectrum of actinomycetes, which is the most commonly investigated and best known, as well as their non-antimicrobial spectrum, which is becoming better known and increasingly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael de Souza Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil.
| | - Antonia Queiroz Lima de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anderson Nogueira Barbosa
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
| | - Sarah Raquel Silveira da Silva Santiago
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
| | - Afonso Duarte Leão de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Central Analítica, Centro de Apoio Multidisciplinar, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo Octavio Jordão Ramos, 6200, Coroado I, Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69.077-000, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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Giacomelli Ribeiro H, Teresinha Van Der Sand S. Exploring the Trends in Actinobacteria as Biological Control Agents of Phytopathogenic Fungi: A (Mini)-Review. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:70-81. [PMID: 38468744 PMCID: PMC10924869 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01166-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological control has been considered a sustainable alternative to combat phytopathogens. The increase of studies in the past few years involving Actinobacteria as biological control agents of phytopathogenic fungi has motivated us to search for which Actinobacteria genus that have been studied in the last five years and explore their mechanisms of antifungal activity. The accesses were carried out on three multidisciplinary digital platforms: PubMED/MedLine, Web of Science and Scopus. Actinobacteria from genus Amycolatopsis, Curtobacterium, Kocuria, Nocardioides, Nocardiopsis, Saccharopolyspora, Streptoverticillium and especially Streptomyces showed a broad antifungal spectrum through several antibiosis mechanisms such as the production of natural antifungal compounds, siderophores, extracellular hydrolytic enzymes and activation of plant defense system. We observed the formation of a methodology based on antagonistic compounds bioactivity to select efficient Actinobacteria to be used as biological control agents against phytopathogenic fungi. The use of multifunctional Actinobacteria has been proven to be efficient, not only by its natural protective activity against phytopathogenic fungi but also because of their ability to act as plant growth-promoting bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Giacomelli Ribeiro
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003 Brazil
| | - Sueli Teresinha Van Der Sand
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003 Brazil
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Gao C, Wang Z, Wang C, Yang J, Du R, Bing H, Xiang W, Wang X, Liu C. Endophytic Streptomyces sp. NEAU-DD186 from Moss with Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity: Biocontrol Potential Against Soilborne Diseases and Bioactive Components. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:340-347. [PMID: 38349678 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-23-0204-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Soilborne diseases cause significant economic losses in agricultural production around the world. They are difficult to control because a host plant is invaded by multiple pathogens, and chemical control often does not work well. In this study, we isolated and identified an endophytic Streptomyces sp. NEAU-DD186 from moss, which showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity against 17 soilborne phytopathogenic fungi, with Bipolaris sorokiniana being the most prominent. The strain also exhibited strong antibacterial activity against soilborne phytopathogenic bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum. To evaluate its biocontrol potential, the strain was prepared into biofertilizer by solid-state fermentation. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the fermentation conditions for maximizing spore production and revealed that the 1:1 ratio of vermicompost to wheat bran, a temperature of 28°C, and 50% water content with an inoculation amount of 15% represented the optimal parameters. Pot experiments showed that the application of biofertilizer with a spore concentration of 108 CFU/g soil could effectively suppress the occurrence of tomato bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum and wheat root rot caused by B. sorokiniana, and the biocontrol efficacy was 81.2 and 72.2%, respectively. Chemical analysis of strain NEAU-DD186 extracts using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and mass analysis indicated that 25-O-malonylguanidylfungin A and 23-O-malonylguanidylfungin A were the main active constituents, which showed high activity against R. solanacearum (EC50 of 2.46 and 2.58 µg ml-1) and B. sorokiniana (EC50 of 3.92 and 3.95 µg ml-1). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Streptomyces sp. NEAU-DD186 can be developed as biofertilizer to control soilborne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Zhiyan Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chengqin Wang
- Gaomi City Inspection and Testing Center, Gaomi 261500, China
| | - Jingquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Rui Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Bing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Baoding 071000, China
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Tasdemir D, Scarpato S, Utermann-Thüsing C, Jensen T, Blümel M, Wenzel-Storjohann A, Welsch C, Echelmeyer VA. Epiphytic and endophytic microbiome of the seagrass Zostera marina: Do they contribute to pathogen reduction in seawater? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168422. [PMID: 37956849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Seagrass meadows provide crucial ecosystem services for coastal environments and were shown to reduce the abundance of waterborne pathogens linked to infections in humans and marine organisms in their vicinity. Among potential drivers, seagrass phenolics released into seawater have been linked to pathogen suppression, but the potential involvement of the seagrass microbiome has not been investigated. We hypothesized that the microbiome of the eelgrass Zostera marina, especially the leaf epiphytes that are at direct interface between the seagrass host and the surrounding seawater, inhibit waterborne pathogens thereby contributing to their removal. Using a culture-dependent approach, we isolated 88 bacteria and fungi associated with the surfaces and inner tissues of the eelgrass leaves (healthy and decaying) and the roots. We assessed the antibiotic activity of microbial extracts against a large panel of common aquatic, human (fecal) and plant pathogens, and mined the metabolome of the most active extracts. The healthy leaf epibiotic bacteria, particularly Streptomyces sp. strain 131, displayed broad-spectrum antibiotic activity superior to some control drugs. Gram-negative bacteria abundant on healthy leaf surfaces, and few endosphere-associated bacteria and fungi also displayed remarkable activities. UPLC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics analyses showed rich specialized metabolite repertoires with low annotation rates, indicating the presence of many undescribed antimicrobials in the extracts. This study contributes to our understanding on microbial and chemical ecology of seagrasses, implying potential involvement of the seagrass microbiome in suppression of pathogens in seawater. Such effect is beneficial for the health of ocean and human, especially in the context of climate change that is expected to exacerbate all infectious diseases. It may also assist future seagrass conservation and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Kiel 24118, Germany.
| | - Silvia Scarpato
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Caroline Utermann-Thüsing
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Timo Jensen
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Martina Blümel
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Arlette Wenzel-Storjohann
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Claudia Welsch
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
| | - Vivien Anne Echelmeyer
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel 24106, Germany
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Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhou C, Sun X, Huang Z, He C, Yao S, Zhao J, Wang X, Song J, Xiang W. Actinoplanes sandaracinus sp. nov. , a novel ligninase- producing and cellulose-degrading actinobacterium isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38180325 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A novel ligninase-producing and cellulose-degrading actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-A12T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Aohan banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China. A polyphasic taxonomic study was used to establish the status of strain NEAU-A12T. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain NEAU-A12T belonged to the genus Actinoplanes and showed the highest similarity (98.3 %) to Actinoplanes palleronii DSM 43940T, while showing less than 98.3 % similarity to other members of the genus Actinoplanes. The phospholipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and glycosylphosphatidylinositol. The diagnostic sugars in cell hydrolysates were determined to be arabinose, glucose and xylose. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H2). The major fatty acids were C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and C17 : 0. Meanwhile, genomic analysis revealed a genome size of 10 192 524 bp and a DNA G+C content of 70.6 mol%, and indicated that strain NEAU-A12T had the potential to degrade lignin and cellulose, as well as produce bioactive compounds. In addition, the average nucleotide identity values between strain NEAU-A12T and its reference strains A. palleronii DSM 43940T, Actinoplanes regularis DSM 43151T, Actinoplanes philippinensis DSM 43019T, Actinoplanes xinjiangensis DSM 45184T and Actinoplanes italicus DSM 43146T were 80.3, 80.3, 84.1, 84.3 and 84.0 %, respectively. The levels of digital DNA-DNA hybridization between them were found to be 23.6 % (21.3-26.1 %), 23.8 % (21.5-26.3 %), 28.3 % (25.9-30.8 %), 28.6 % (26.0-30.9 %) and 28.4 % (26.2-31.1 %), respectively. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain NEAU-A12T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Actinoplanes, for which the name Actinoplanes sandaracinus sp. nov. is proposed, with NEAU-A12T (=CCTCC AA 2020039T=DSM 112043T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Changjian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiujun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chuan He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Siqi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jia Song
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Wang Z, Gao C, Yang J, Du R, Zeng F, Bing H, Xia B, Shen Y, Liu C. Endophytic Streptomyces sp. NEAU-ZSY13 from the leaf of Perilla frutescens, as a promising broad-spectrum biocontrol agent against soil-borne diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1243610. [PMID: 37692391 PMCID: PMC10483227 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1243610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil-borne diseases cause significant economic losses in global agricultural production. These diseases are challenging to control due to the invasion of multiple pathogens into host plants, and traditional chemical control methods often yield unsatisfactory results. In this study, we isolated and identified an endophytic Streptomyces, designated as NEAU-ZSY13, from the leaf of Perilla frutescens. This isolate exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity against 17 soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi, with Bipolaris sorokiniana being the most prominent. Additionally, it displayed strong antibacterial activity against the soil-borne phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. To assess its biocontrol potential, the isolate was utilized to produce a biofertilizer through solid-state fermentation. The fermentation conditions were optimized using response surface methodology to maximize the spore production. The results revealed that more abundant spores were produced with a 1:2 ratio of vermicompost to wheat bran, 60% water content, 20% inoculation amount and 28°C. Subsequent pot experiments demonstrated that the application of the biofertilizer with a spore concentration of 108 CFU/g soil effectively suppressed the occurrence of tomato bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum and wheat root rot caused by B. sorokiniana, with biocontrol efficacies of 72.2 and 78.3%, respectively. Chemical analysis of NEAU-ZSY13 extracts, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and mass analysis, identified niphimycin C and niphimycin A as the primary active constituents. These compounds exhibited high activity against R. solanacearum (EC50 of 3.6 and 2.4 μg mL-1) and B. sorokiniana (EC50 of 3.9 and 3.4 μg mL-1). In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of Streptomyces sp. NEAU-ZSY13 as a biofertilizer for the control of soil-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Congting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Baoding, China
| | - Jingquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fanli Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Bing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Banghua Xia
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-borne Diseases, Baoding University, Baoding, China
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Cui P, Wu H, Jiang T, Tao J, Zhu Z, Liu P, Yu L, Zhang Y. Diversity and antibacterial potential of the Actinobacteria associated with Apis mellifera ligustica. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1056176. [PMID: 36590398 PMCID: PMC9800615 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1056176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect-associated Actinobacteria are a potentially rich source of novel natural products with antibacterial activity. Here, the community composition of Actinobacteria associated with Apis mellifera ligustica was investigated by integrated culture-dependent and independent methods. A total of 61 strains of Streptomyces genera were isolated from the honeycomb, larva, and different anatomical parts of the honeybee's body using the culture-dependent method. Amplicon sequencing analyses revealed that the actinobacterial communities were dominated by the family of Bifidobacteriaceae and Microbacteriaceae in the honeybee gut, and Nocardiaceae and Pseudonocardiaceae in the honeycomb, whereas only Streptomyces genera were isolated by the culture-dependent method. Culture-independent analyses showed more diverse actinobacterial communities than those of culture-dependent methods. The antibacterial bioassay showed that most crude extracts of representative isolates exhibited antibacterial activities. Among them, the crude extract of Streptomyces sp. FCF01 showed the best antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus tetragenus, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) with the disc diameter of inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 23.00, 15.00, and 13.33 mm, respectively. Chemical analysis of Streptomyces sp. FCF01 led to the isolation of three secondary metabolites, including mayamycin (1), mayamycin B (2), and N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) acetamide (3). Among them, compound 1 displayed strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus, M. tetragenus, and Psa with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 6.25, 12.5, and 6.25 μg/ml, respectively. In addition, two novel derivative compounds 1a and 1b were synthesized by acetylation of compound 1. Both compounds 1a and 1b displayed similar antibacterial activities with those of metabolite 1. These results indicated that Streptomyces species associated with honeybees had great potential in finding antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Haoyang Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Taoshan Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Tao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Linsheng Yu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yinglao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Yinglao Zhang,
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Nocardia rosealba sp. nov., a novel ligninase-producing Actinobacterium isolated from soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel ligninase-producing actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-G4T, was isolated from a soil sample and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study to establish its status. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, the isolate was identified as a member of the genus
Nocardia
, with the highest sequence similarity to
Nocardia ignorata
DSM 44496T (99.2 %). The whole-cell sugars contained galactose and arabinose. The amino acid of the cell wall was determined to be meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω9c, C18 : 0 and C16 : 1
ω7c. The predominant menaquinone was identified as MK-8(H6, ω-cycl). The major polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. Strain NEAU-G4T had a draft genome size of 6 405 167 bp, annotated with 5815 protein-coding genes. The DNA G+C content was 67.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis using the 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences showed that strain NEAU-G4T formed a stable phyletic line with
N. ignorata
DSM 44496T. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between them were 63.7 % (60.8–66.5 %) and 95.5 %, respectively. Moreover, genomic analysis indicated that strain NEAU-G4T had the potential to degrade lignin and produce bioactive compounds. On the basis of genotypic analysis, physiological data, as well as phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterizations, it is concluded that the organism be classified as representing a novel species of the genus
Nocardia
, for which the name Nocardia rosealba sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-G4T (=CCTCC AA 2020038T=DSM 111936T).
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Meliani H, Makhloufi A, Cherif A, Mahjoubi M, Makhloufi K. Biocontrol of toxinogenic Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis by two rare Saharan actinomycetes strains and LC-ESI/MS-MS profiling of their antimicrobial products. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103288. [PMID: 35574281 PMCID: PMC9095889 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi colonizing fruits in the field and post-harvest constitute a major threat to the global food sector. This study focuses on the biocontrol of Aspergillus flavus (aflatoxin-producing mold considered carcinogenic by IARC) and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (FOA) (phytopathogenic agent, causal of El Bayoud in the Algerian and Moroccan Sahara). These molds have a significant economic impact and pose a serious human health problem. The aim of this work is to study the antifungal activity of two rare actinomycetes strains; Saccharothrix sp. COL22 and Actinomadura sp. COL08 strains against toxinogenic A. flavus and F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis. The strains are isolated from Citrullus colocynthis rhizosphere on different media: ISP2, GLM, TSA, Starch-casein-agar and WYE and with different treatments of the samples (physical, chemical treatment and enrichment). The antifungal tests against the pathogenic microorganisms were performed on ISP2, GLM and TSA medium by means of the agar cylinders method. The kinetics of antibiotic production were performed on ISP medium over 16 days. The characterization of the antimicrobial compounds by LC-ESI/MS-MS showed that the bacterial extracts contain Antibiotic SF 2738C, Tetrodecamycin and Aplysillamide B. The phenotypic and molecular studies showed that Saccharothrix sp. COL22 is closely related to the Saccharothrix longispora strain type and that Actinomadura sp. COL08 is closely related to the Actinomadura hibisca strain type. The two strains are rare and showed an interesting activity against toxinogenic A. flavus and F. oxysporum f. sp. albedinis.
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Sahu PK, Tilgam J, Mishra S, Hamid S, Gupta A, K J, Verma SK, Kharwar RN. Surface sterilization for isolation of endophytes: Ensuring what (not) to grow. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:647-668. [PMID: 35020220 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endophytic microbiota opens a magnificent arena of metabolites that served as a potential source of medicines for treating a variety of ailments and having prospective uses in agriculture, food, cosmetics, and many more. There are umpteen reports of endophytes improving the growth and tolerance of plants. In addition, endophytes from lifesaving drug-producing plants such as Taxus, Nothapodytes, Catharanthus, and so forth have the ability to produce host mimicking compounds. To harness these benefits, it is imperative to isolate the true endophytes, not the surface microflora. The foremost step in endophyte isolation is the removal of epiphytic microbes from plant tissues, called as surface sterilization. The success of surface sterilization decides "what to grow" (the endophytes) and "what not to grow" (the epiphytes). It is very crucial to use an appropriate sterilant solution, concentration, and exposure time to ensure thorough surface disinfection with minimal damage to the endophytic diversity. Commonly used surface sterilants include sodium hypochlorite (2%-10%), ethanol (70%-90%), mercuric chloride (0.1%), formaldehyde (40%), and so forth. In addition, the efficiency could further be improved by pretreatment with surfactants such as Triton X-100, Tween 80, and Tween 20. This review comprehensively deals with the various sterilants and sterilization methods for the isolation of endophytic microbes. In addition, the mechanisms and rationale behind using specific surface sterilants have also been elaborated at length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod K Sahu
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jyotsana Tilgam
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sushma Mishra
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed-to-be-University), Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saima Hamid
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Microbial Ecology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Amrita Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jayalakshmi K
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satish K Verma
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra N Kharwar
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Luo X, Sun X, Huang Z, He C, Zhao J, Xiang W, Song J, Wang X. Actinoplanes flavus sp. nov., a novel cellulase-producing actinobacterium isolated from coconut palm rhizosphere soil. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34499595 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cellulase-producing actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-H7T, was isolated from coconut palm rhizosphere soil collected from Wenchang City, Hainan Province, PR China. A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out to establish the status of this strain. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain NEAU-H7T belonged to the genus Actinoplanes, with highest similarity to Actinoplanes hulinensis NEAU-M9T (99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The diagnostic sugars in cell hydrolysates were determined to be ribose, galactose and mannose. The major fatty acids (>10%) were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c and C18 : 0. The predominant menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and two phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The amino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was determined to be meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content was 71.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NEAU-H7T formed a stable phyletic line with A. hulinensis NEAU-M9T. However, whole-genome phylogeny showed strain NEAU-H7T formed a stable phyletic line with A. hulinensis NEAU-M9T (99.2%), Actinoplanes campanulatus DSM 43148T (98.6%), Actinoplanes capillaceus DSM 44859T (98.3%) and Actinoplanes lobatus DSM 43150T (97.6%). The digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) results between them were 53.6 (50.9-56.2), 54.1 (51.3-56.9), 53.1 (50.3-55.9) and 52.9 % (50.1-55.6 %), and whole-genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between them were 93.7, 93.6, 93.5 and 93.5 %. The low dDDH and ANI values demonstrated that strain NEAU-H7T could be distinguished from its reference strains. Moreover, genomic analysis indicated that the strain NEAU-H7T had the potential to decompose cellulose and produce bioactive compounds. On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain NEAU-H7T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Actinoplanes, with the name Actinoplanes flavus sp. nov. The type strain is NEAU-H7T (=CCTCC AA 2020034T=DSM 112042T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiujun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chuan He
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.,State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jia Song
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
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12
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Aviles FA, Kyndt JA. Cellulosimicrobium fucosivorans sp. nov., isolated from San Elijo Lagoon, contains a fucose metabolic pathway linked to carotenoid production. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4525-4538. [PMID: 34148152 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02443-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cellulosimicrobium strain SE3T was isolated from the San Elijo coastal lagoon near San Diego. A whole genome-based phylogenetic comparison shows great heterogeneity within the Cellulosimicrobium genus. Based on average nucleotide identity, whole genome-based comparison, and the presence of a unique L-fucose metabolic pathway, strain SE3T was shown to belong to a novel species within the genus, together with five other strains. The name Cellulosimicrobium fucosivorans sp. nov. is proposed, with strain SE3T as the type strain. The strain encodes a unique alpha-L-fucosidase and the L-fucose metabolic pathway is homologous to the one recently described in Campylobacter jejuni. C. fucosivorans is able to grow on L-fucose, and interestingly, the biosynthesis of the yellow carotenoid is dependent on the presence of L-fucose in the media. The ability to metabolize fucose and the linked production of carotenoids are expected to provide C. fucosivorans with a competitive advantage in the sunny coastal lagoon area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola A Aviles
- College of Science and Technology, Bellevue University, 1000 Galvin Rd. S., Bellevue, NE, 68005, USA
| | - John A Kyndt
- College of Science and Technology, Bellevue University, 1000 Galvin Rd. S., Bellevue, NE, 68005, USA.
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13
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Li S, Yang B, Tan GY, Ouyang LM, Qiu S, Wang W, Xiang W, Zhang L. Polyketide pesticides from actinomycetes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 69:299-307. [PMID: 34102376 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural product derived pesticides have increased in popularity worldwide because of their high efficacy, eco-friendly nature and favorable safety profile. The development of polyketide pesticides from actinomycetes reflects this increase in popularity in the past decades. These pesticides, which include avermectins, spinosyns, polynactins, tetramycin and their analogues, have been successfully applied in crop protection. Moreover, the advance of biotechnology has led to continuous improvement in the discovery and production processes. In this review, we summarize these polyketide pesticides, their activities and provide insight into their development. We also discuss engineering strategies and the current status of industrial production for these pesticides. Given that actinomycetes are known to produce a wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, the description of pesticide development and high yield strain improvement presented herein will facilitate further development of these valuable polyketide pesticides from actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Gao-Yi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li-Ming Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shiwen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weishan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; School of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Lixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Fu R, Cheng R, Wang S, Li J, Zhang J. Succinoglycan Riclin reshaped the soil microbiota by accumulating plant probiotic species to improve the soil suppressiveness on Fusarium wilt of cucumber seedlings. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1883-1892. [PMID: 34062161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biocontrol of soil-borne pathogens by recruiting soil microbiota brings forth benefits to soil quality and plant production while lowers environmental impact. Succinoglycan possesses various biological activities, but its role in soil amendment is still elusive. The succinoglycan Riclin was investigated in this study as a polysaccharide-type biocontrol agent for improving the soil suppressiveness on a typical fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC). Results demonstrated that addition of Riclin increased the soil microbial carbon and lowered the species richness of soil fungal communities. After addition of 2.5 mg/g Riclin for 90 days, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were increased by 76.6% and 193.4%, compared with the control. Meanwhile, Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were decreased by 25.9% and 30.4%. The relative abundance of beneficial genera, namely Nocardioides, Kribbella, Streptomyces, Gaiella, Marmoricola, Bacillus, and Rhizobium, became 1.13, 5.17, 0.87, 0.45, 3.57, 4.53, and 6.30 folds higher than the control, respectively. Antagonism towards soil-borne pathogens was probably enhanced as both hydrolase activity and biosynthesis of bioactive secondary compounds were improved. Importantly, Riclin-treated soil significantly reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt of cucumber seedlings by suppression of FOC. In conclusion, addition of Riclin was conducive to the improvement of soil suppressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Fu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
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15
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Saidi S, Cherif-Silini H, Chenari Bouket A, Silini A, Eshelli M, Luptakova L, Alenezi FN, Belbahri L. Improvement of Medicago sativa Crops Productivity by the Co-inoculation of Sinorhizobium meliloti-Actinobacteria Under Salt Stress. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1344-1357. [PMID: 33646380 PMCID: PMC7997840 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stresses are severely limiting plant production and productivity. Of notable importance is salt stress that not only limits plant growth and survival, but affects the soil fertility and threatens agricultural ecosystems sustainability. The problem is exacerbated in fragile arid and semi-arid areas where high evaporation, low precipitation and the use of salty water for irrigation is accelerating soil salinization. Legumes, considered very nutritious foods for people and providing essential nutrients for ecosystems are a fundamental element of sustainable agriculture. They can restore soil health by their ability to fix nitrogen in a symbiotic interaction with the rhizobia of the soil. However, salt stress is severely limiting productivity and nitrogen fixation ability in legumes. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mainly actinobacteria promote plant growth by producing phytohormones, siderophores, antibiotics and antifungal compounds, solubilizing phosphate and providing antagonism to phytopathogenic microorganisms. In addition, actinobacteria have beneficial effects on nodulation and growth of legumes. In this study, actinobacteria isolated from different niches and having PGP activities were used in co-inoculation experiments with rhizobia in Medicago sativa plants rhizosphere submitted to salt stress. The results indicate that drought- and salinity-tolerant Actinobacteria with multiple PGP traits can potentially increase alfalfa growth under saline conditions, in the presence or absence of symbiotic rhizobial bacteria. Actinobacteria discovered in this study can, therefore, be suitable biofertilizers in the formulation of agricultural products improving plant development, health and productivity in saline soils, a necessary alternative for modern agriculture and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Saidi
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas Setif, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Hafsa Cherif-Silini
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas Setif, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Ali Chenari Bouket
- Plant Protection Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Allaoua Silini
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University Ferhat Abbas Setif, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Manal Eshelli
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Lenka Luptakova
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Zoology and Radiobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Faizah N Alenezi
- Department of Environmental Technology Management, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Lassaad Belbahri
- NextBiotech, 98 Rue Ali Belhouane, Agareb, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
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Streptomyces typhae sp. nov., a novel endophytic actinomycete with antifungal activity isolated the root of cattail (Typha angustifolia L.). Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:823-833. [PMID: 33774760 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel endophytic actinomycete with antagonistic activity against various phytopathogenic fungi, designated strain p1417T, was isolated from the root of cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) collected from Yunnan Province, Southwest China. A polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out to establish the taxonomic status of this strain. Strain p1417T was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of the genus Streptomyces. The diamino acid present in the cell wall was LL-diaminopimelic acid. Xylose and arabinose occurred in whole cell hydrolysates. The menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H8), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H4). The polar lipid profile was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The major fatty acids were found to be iso-C16:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 and C16:0. The genomic DNA G + C content of strain p1417T based on the genome sequence was 72.0 mol%. Based on 16 S rRNA gene, five housekeeping genes and whole genome sequences analysis, strain p1417T was most closely related to Streptomyces flavofungini JCM 4753T (99.4% 16 S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Streptomyces alboflavus JCM 4615T (98.8%) and Streptomyces aureoverticillatus JCM 4347T (98.2%). However, the average nucleotide identity values, the digital DNA-DNA hybridization values and the multilocus sequence analysis evolutionary distances between this strain and its closely related strains showed that it belonged to one distinct species. In addition, these results were also supported by differences in the phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics between strain p1417T and three closely related type strains. Therefore, it is concluded that strain p1417T represents a novel species of the genus of Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces typhae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is p1417T (= CCTCC AA 2019091T = DSM 110636T).
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Elucidating the Diversity and Potential Function of Nonribosomal Peptide and Polyketide Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in the Root Microbiome. mSystems 2020; 5:5/6/e00866-20. [PMID: 33361322 PMCID: PMC7762793 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00866-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyketides (PKs) and nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) are two microbial secondary metabolite (SM) families known for their variety of functions, including antimicrobials, siderophores, and others. Despite their involvement in bacterium-bacterium and bacterium-plant interactions, root-associated SMs are largely unexplored due to the limited cultivability of bacteria. Here, we analyzed the diversity and expression of SM-encoding biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in root microbiomes by culture-independent amplicon sequencing, shotgun metagenomics, and metatranscriptomics. Roots (tomato and lettuce) harbored distinct compositions of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs) relative to the adjacent bulk soil, and specific BGC markers were both enriched and highly expressed in the root microbiomes. While several of the highly abundant and expressed sequences were remotely associated with known BGCs, the low similarity to characterized genes suggests their potential novelty. Low-similarity genes were screened against a large set of soil-derived cosmid libraries, from which five whole BGCs of unknown function were retrieved. Three clusters were taxonomically affiliated with Actinobacteria, while the remaining were not associated with known bacteria. One Streptomyces-derived BGC was predicted to encode a polyene with potential antifungal activity, while the others were too novel to predict chemical structure. Screening against a suite of metagenomic data sets revealed higher abundances of retrieved clusters in roots and soil samples. In contrast, they were almost completely absent in aquatic and gut environments, supporting the notion that they might play an important role in root ecosystems. Overall, our results indicate that root microbiomes harbor a specific assemblage of undiscovered SMs.IMPORTANCE We identified distinct secondary-metabolite-encoding genes that are enriched (relative to adjacent bulk soil) and expressed in root ecosystems yet almost completely absent in human gut and aquatic environments. Several of the genes were distantly related to genes encoding antimicrobials and siderophores, and their high sequence variability relative to known sequences suggests that they may encode novel metabolites and may have unique ecological functions. This study demonstrates that plant roots harbor a diverse array of unique secondary-metabolite-encoding genes that are highly enriched and expressed in the root ecosystem. The secondary metabolites encoded by these genes might assist the bacteria that produce them in colonization and persistence in the root environment. To explore this hypothesis, future investigations should assess their potential role in interbacterial and bacterium-plant interactions.
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Characterization of a Novel Endophytic Actinomycete, Streptomyces physcomitrii sp. nov., and Its Biocontrol Potential Against Ralstonia solanacearum on Tomato. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8122025. [PMID: 33352827 PMCID: PMC7765990 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8122025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial wilt of tomato is a destructive disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum throughout the world. An endophytic actinomycete with antagonistic activity, designated strain LD120T, was isolated from moss (Physcomitrium sphaericum (Ludw) Fuernr). The biocontrol test demonstrated that co-inoculation by the isolate and the pathogen gave the greatest biocontrol efficiency of 63.6%. Strain LD120T had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties identical to those of members of the genus Streptomyces. The diamino acid present in the cell wall was LL-diaminopimelic acid. Arabinose, glucose, rhamnose, and ribose occured in whole cell hydrolysates. The menaquinones detected were MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6), MK-9(H8), and MK-9(H2). The polar lipid profile was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol. The major cellular fatty acids were found to be iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0, anteiso-C15:0, and C16:1 ω7c. The DNA G+C content of the draft genome sequence, consisting of 7.6 Mbp, was 73.1%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain LD120T belongs to the genus Streptomyces, with the highest sequence similarity to Streptomyces azureus NRRL B-2655T (98.97%), but phylogenetically clustered with Streptomyces anandii NRRL B-3590T (98.62%). Multilocus sequence analysis based on five other house-keeping genes (atpD, gyrB, rpoB, recA, and trpB) and the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness, as well as phenotypic differences, allowed strain LD120T to be differentiated from its closely related strains. Therefore, the strain was concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomycesphyscomitrii sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain was LD120T (=CCTCC AA 2018049T = DSM 110638T).
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Special Issue: "Actinobacteria and Myxobacteria-Important Resources for Novel Antibiotics". Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101464. [PMID: 32987634 PMCID: PMC7598684 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Peng C, Zhuang X, Wang Z, Gao C, Zhao J, Song J, Liu C, Shen Y. Nonomuraea typhae sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the root of cattail pollen ( Typha angustifolia L.). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:3845-3851. [PMID: 32501782 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel endophytic actinomycete, designated strain p1410T, was isolated from the root of cattail pollen (Typha angustifolia L.) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties identical to those of members of the genus Nonomuraea. It produced spiral chains of spores on aerial mycelium as well as forming a pseudosporangium. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glucose, ribose and madurose. The menaquinones detected were MK-9(H2), MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H0). The major fatty acids were 10-methyl C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C17 : 0. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and an unknown glycolipid. The DNA G+C content of the draft genome sequence, consisting of 11.4 Mbp, was 70.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain p1410T belongs to the genus Nonomuraea with the highest sequence similarity to Nonomuraea candida HMC10T (98.6 %), but phylogenetically clustered with Nonomuraea endophytica YIM 65601T (98.4 %) and Nonomuraea longicatena NRRL 15532T (98.3 %). Based on its phenotypic characteristics, DNA-DNA relatedness and average nucleotide identity, the strain is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea typhae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is p1410T (=CCTCC AA 2019044T=JCM 33461T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Zhiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Congting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jia Song
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Yue Shen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
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Characterization of Streptomyces piniterrae sp. nov. and Identification of the Putative Gene Cluster Encoding the Biosynthesis of Heliquinomycins. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8040495. [PMID: 32244447 PMCID: PMC7232196 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel actinomycete producing heliquinomycin and 9’-methoxy-heliquinomycin, designated strain jys28T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Pinus yunnanensis and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain had morphological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties identical to those of members of the genus Streptomyces. It formed spiral chains of spores with spiny surfaces. The menaquinones detected were MK-9(H6), MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H4). The major fatty acids were iso-C16:0, C15:0, C16:1ω7с and anteiso-C15:0. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The DNA G + C content of the draft genome sequence, consisting of 8.5 Mbp, was 70.6%. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain jys28T belongs to the genus Streptomyces with the highest sequence similarities to Streptomyces chattanoogensis NBRC 13058T (99.2%) and Streptomyces lydicus DSM 40002T (99.2%) and phylogenetically clustered with them. Multilocus sequence analysis based on five other house-keeping genes (atpD, gyrB, rpoB, recA and trpB) and the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness and phenotypic differences allowed the novel isolate to be differentiated from its most closely related strains. Therefore, the strain is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomycespiniterrae sp. nov. is proposed. Furthermore, the putative biosynthetic gene cluster of heliquinomycins was identified and the biosynthetic pathway was discussed. The type strain is jys28T (=CCTCC AA 2018051T =DSM 109823T).
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Wang Z, Yu Z, Zhao J, Zhuang X, Cao P, Guo X, Liu C, Xiang W. Community Composition, Antifungal Activity and Chemical Analyses of Ant-Derived Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:201. [PMID: 32117188 PMCID: PMC7026373 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinobacteria associated with insects represent one potentially rich source of novel natural products with antifungal activity. Here, we investigated the phylogenetic diversity and community composition of actinobacteria associated with ants using a combination of culture-dependent and -independent methods. Further, we assessed the antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi and identified the secondary metabolites from isolates with bioactivity. A total of 416 actinobacterial isolates were obtained from three ant species (Camponotus japonicus, Lasius fuliginosus, and Lasius flavus) located in five nests. The largest amount of isolates were observed in the head samples. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the isolates were diverse and belonged to ten genera within the phylum Actinobacteria, with Streptomyces and Micromonospora comprising the most abundant genera. High-throughput sequencing analyses revealed that the actinobacterial communities were more diverse and dominated by the families Nocardioidaceae, Nocardiaceae, Dermacoccaceae, Intrasporangiaceae, and Streptomycetaceae. In addition, 52.3% of the representative isolates had inhibitory properties against phytopathogenic fungi. Chemical analysis of one Streptomyces strain led to the discovery of two known compounds and one new compound. These results demonstrated that ant-derived actinobacteria represented an underexplored bioresource library of diverse and novel taxa that may be of potential interest in the discovery of new agroactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiyin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaowei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yu Z, Han C, Yu B, Zhao J, Yan Y, Huang S, Liu C, Xiang W. Taxonomic Characterization, and Secondary Metabolite Analysis of Streptomyces triticiradicis sp. nov.: A Novel Actinomycete with Antifungal Activity. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8010077. [PMID: 31948045 PMCID: PMC7023189 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizosphere, an important battleground between beneficial microbes and pathogens, is usually considered to be a good source for isolation of antagonistic microorganisms. In this study, a novel actinobacteria with broad-spectrum antifungal activity, designated strain NEAU-H2T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-H2T belonged to the genus Streptomyces, with high sequence similarities to Streptomyces rhizosphaerihabitans NBRC 109807T (98.8%), Streptomyces populi A249T (98.6%), and Streptomyces siamensis NBRC 108799T (98.6%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB, and trpB gene sequences showed that the strain formed a stable clade with S. populi A249T. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain coincided with members of the genus Streptomyces. A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and phenotypic properties indicated that the strain could be distinguished from the abovementioned strains. Thus, strain NEAU-H2T belongs to a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces triticiradicis sp. nov. is proposed. In addition, the metabolites isolated from cultures of strain NEAU-H2T were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. One new compound and three known congeners were isolated. Further, genome analysis revealed that the strain harbored diverse biosynthetic potential, and one cluster showing 63% similarity to natamycin biosynthetic gene cluster may contribute to the antifungal activity. The type strain is NEAU-H2T (= CCTCC AA 2018031T = DSM 109825T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Chuanyu Han
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yijun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Shengxiong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (Y.Y.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (W.X.)
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.Y.); (C.H.); (B.Y.); (J.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (W.X.)
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Zhuang X, Peng C, Wang Z, Zhao J, Shen Y, Liu C, Xiang W. Actinomadura physcomitrii sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from moss [Physcomitrium sphaericum (Ludw) Fuernr]. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:677-685. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-019-01380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Du F, Zhang X, Gu H, Song J, Gao X. Dynamic Changes in the Bacterial Community During the Fermentation of Traditional Chinese Fish Sauce (TCFS) and Their Correlation with TCFS Quality. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E371. [PMID: 31546947 PMCID: PMC6780869 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study revealed for the first time the dynamic changes of the bacterial community during the fermentation of traditional Chinese fish sauce (TCFS) using high-throughput sequencing. In the early phase of TCFS fermentation, Shewanella (approximately 90%) within Proteobacteria was the dominant bacteria. Then, Halanaerobium (3%-86%) within Firmicutes rapidly replaced Shewanella as the dominant genus until the 12th month. Lactococcus (3.31%) and Bacillus (45.56%) belonging to Firmicutes were detected abundantly in the 3rd and 9th months after fermentation, respectively. In the late phase (12-15 months), Tetragenococcus within Firmicutes replaced Halanaerobium as the most dominant bacteria (29.54%). Many other genera including Pseudomonas, Psychrobacter, Tissierella, Carnobacterium and Gallicola were abundantly present in the 15th month after fermentation. Furthermore, the relationships between the bacterial community and major functional substances of TCFS, including amino nitrogen (AAN), free amino acids (FAAs), total soluble nitrogen (TSN), and trimethylamine (TMA), were investigated by partial least squares regression (PLSR). Tetragenococcus was positively correlated with the formation of TMA, while Halanaerobium showed the opposite result, suggesting that Tetragenococcus might be a good starter for TCFS fermentation. These results contribute to our knowledge about bacterial participation in the process of TCFS fermentation and will help improve the quality of fermented seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Huarong Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jiajia Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiangyang Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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