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Bouhrour N, Nibbering PH, Bendali F. Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens. Pathogens 2024; 13:393. [PMID: 38787246 PMCID: PMC11124157 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters-BSIs (CVC-BSIs)-mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide.These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Bouhrour
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Peter H. Nibbering
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
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Elhoshi M, El-Sherbiny E, Elsheredy A, Aboulela AG. A correlation study between virulence factors and multidrug resistance among clinical isolates of Proteus mirabilis. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1387-1397. [PMID: 37535261 PMCID: PMC10484824 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of Proteus mirabilis infections is a challenge due to the high abundance of virulence factors and the high intrinsic resistance to antimicrobials. Multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR) further challenge the control of P. mirabilis infection. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between virulence determinants and multidrug resistance in 100 clinical isolates of P. mirabilis collected in Alexandria from December 2019 to June 2021. Susceptibility to antimicrobials was tested by the Kirby Bauer method. Detection of swarming, urease, protease, hemolysin, and biofilm formation was performed phenotypically and by PCR amplification of zapA, flaA, ureC, mrpA, atfA, ucaA, hpmA, and luxS. MDR and XDR were detected in 34% and 5%, respectively. All isolates were positive for motility, swarming, urease, and protease production. Ninety percent were positive for hemolysin production, while 73% formed biofilm. All isolates possessed the ureC and zapA genes. The luxS, flaA, ucaA, hpmA, mrpA, and atfA genes were detected in 99%, 98%, 96% 90%, 89%, and 84%, respectively. The presence of a single biofilm-related gene was statistically correlated with non-biofilm production (P= 0.018). It was concluded that P. mirabilis isolates from catheterized-urine samples were significantly associated with biofilm formation. MDR and virulence were not statistically correlated. A significant positive correlation was detected between some virulence genes in P. mirabilis. Non-MDR isolates of P. mirabilis had a high abundance of virulence factors with no statistically significant difference from MDR. Most of the MDR and all XDR isolates could produce biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Elhoshi
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eglal El-Sherbiny
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amel Elsheredy
- Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Shelenkov A, Akimkin V, Mikhaylova Y. International Clones of High Risk of Acinetobacter Baumannii-Definitions, History, Properties and Perspectives. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2115. [PMID: 37630675 PMCID: PMC10459012 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus with exceptional survival skills in an unfavorable environment and the ability to rapidly acquire antibiotic resistance, making it one of the most successful hospital pathogens worldwide, representing a serious threat to public health. The global dissemination of A. baumannii is driven by several lineages named 'international clones of high risk' (ICs), two of which were first revealed in the 1970s. Epidemiological surveillance is a crucial tool for controlling the spread of this pathogen, which currently increasingly involves whole genome sequencing. However, the assignment of a particular A. baumannii isolate to some IC based on its genomic sequence is not always straightforward and requires some computational skills from researchers, while the definitions found in the literature are sometimes controversial. In this review, we will focus on A. baumannii typing tools suitable for IC determination, provide data to easily determine IC assignment based on MLST sequence type (ST) and intrinsic blaOXA-51-like gene variants, discuss the history and current spread data of nine known ICs, IC1-IC9, and investigate the representation of ICs in public databases. MLST and cgMLST profiles, as well as OXA-51-like presence data are provided for all isolates available in GenBank. The possible emergence of a novel A. baumannii international clone, IC10, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Shelenkov
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia
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Carrizales-Sánchez AK, Tamez-Rivera O, García-Gamboa R, García-Cayuela T, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez NA, Elizondo-Montemayor L, García-Rivas G, Pacheco A, Hernández-Brenes C, Senés-Guerrero C. Gut microbial composition and functionality of school-age Mexican population with metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes mellitus using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1193832. [PMID: 37342535 PMCID: PMC10277889 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1193832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut metagenome in pediatric subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been poorly studied, despite an alarming worldwide increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity and MetS within this population. The objective of this study was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomic composition of Mexican pediatric subjects with MetS and T2DM using shotgun metagenomics and analyze the potential relationship with metabolic changes and proinflammatory effects. Paired-end reads of fecal DNA samples were obtained through the Illumina HiSeq X Platform. Statistical analyses and correlational studies were conducted using gut microbiome data and metadata from all individuals. Gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in MetS and T2DM children compared to healthy subjects, which was characterized by an increase in facultative anaerobes (i.e., enteric and lactic acid bacteria) and a decrease in strict anaerobes (i.e., Erysipelatoclostridium, Shaalia, and Actinomyces genera). This may cause a loss of gut hypoxic environment, increased gut microbial nitrogen metabolism, and higher production of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These metabolic changes may trigger the activation of proinflammatory activity and impair the host's intermediate metabolism, leading to a possible progression of the characteristic risk factors of MetS and T2DM, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and an increased abdominal circumference. Furthermore, specific viruses (Jiaodavirus genus and Inoviridae family) showed positive correlations with proinflammatory cytokines involved in these metabolic diseases. This study provides novel evidence for the characterization of MetS and T2DM pediatric subjects in which the whole gut microbial composition has been characterized. Additionally, it describes specific gut microorganisms with functional changes that may influence the onset of relevant health risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Tamez-Rivera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Ricardo García-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nora A Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad, Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Adriana Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
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Liu L, Dong Z, Ai S, Chen S, Dong M, Li Q, Zhou Z, Liu H, Zhong Z, Ma X, Hu Y, Ren Z, Fu H, Shu G, Qiu X, Peng G. Virulence-related factors and antimicrobial resistance in Proteus mirabilis isolated from domestic and stray dogs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1141418. [PMID: 37234544 PMCID: PMC10206225 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1141418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proteus mirabilis is a multi-host pathogen that causes diseases of varying severity in a wide range of mammals, including humans. Proteus mirabilis is resistant to multiple antibiotics and has acquired the ability to produce expanded spectrum of β-lactamases, leading to serious public health problems. However, the available information on P. mirabilis isolated from feces of dogs, is still poorly understood, as is the correlation between its virulence-associated genes (VAGs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Method In this study, we isolated 75 strains of P. mirabilis from 241 samples, and investigated the swarming motility, biofilm formation, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), distribution of VAGs and ARGs, as well as the presence of class 1, 2, and 3 integrons in these isolates. Results Our findings suggest a high prevalence of intensive swarming motility and strong biofilm formation ability among P. mirabilis isolates. Isolates were primarily resistant to cefazolin (70.67%) and imipenem (70.67%). These isolates were found to carry ureC, FliL, ireA, zapA, ptA, hpmA, hpmB, pmfA, rsbA, mrpA, and ucaA with varying prevalence levels of 100.00, 100.00, 100.00, 98.67, 98.67, 90.67, 90.67, 90.67, 90.67, 89.33, and 70.67%, respectively. Additionally, the isolates were found to carry aac(6')-Ib, qnrD, floR, blaCTX-M, blaCTX-M-2, blaOXA-1, blaTEM, tetA, tetB and tetM with varying prevalence levels of 38.67, 32.00, 25.33, 17.33, 16.00, 10.67, 5.33, 2.67, 1.33, and 1.33%, respectively. Among 40 MDR strains, 14 (35.00%) were found to carry class 1 integrons, 12 (30.00%) strains carried class 2 integrons, while no class 3 integrons was detected. There was a significant positive correlation between the class 1 integrons and three ARGs: blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaCTX-M-2. This study revealed that P. mirabilis strains isolated from domestic dogs exhibited a higher prevalence of MDR, and carried fewer VAGs but more ARGs compared to those isolated from stay dogs. Furthermore, a negative correlation was observed between VAGs and ARGs. Discussion Given the increasing antimicrobial resistance of P. mirabilis, veterinarians should adopt a prudent approach towards antibiotics administration in dogs to mitigate the emergence and dissemination of MDR strains that pose a potential threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyou Dong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengquan Ai
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianlan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianmeng Qiu
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Yang J, Shan G, Yu G, Wei J, Zhang Q, Su W, Lin Q, Zheng Z, Wu G, Li G, Chang Q, Yuan H, He Y, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Huang H, Hu W, Song R, Weng Y, Li X, Liu S. Whole genome sequencing of multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis strain PM1162 recovered from a urinary tract infection in China. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 33:44-50. [PMID: 36870531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Proteus mirabilis is an important opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen. This study reports the whole genome sequence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. mirabilis PM1162 and explores its antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their genetic environments. METHODS P. mirabilis PM1162 was isolated from a urinary tract infection in China. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined, and whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed. ARGs, insertion sequence (IS) elements, and prophages were identified using ResFinder, ISfinder, and PHASTER software, respectively. Sequence comparisons and map generation were performed using BLAST and Easyfig, respectively. RESULTS On its chromosome, P. mirabilis PM1162 harboured 15 ARGs, including cat, tet(J), blaCTX-M-14 (three copies), aph(3')-Ia, qnrB4, blaDHA-1, qacE, sul1, armA, msr(E), mph(E), aadA1, and dfrA1. We focused our analysis on the four related MDR regions: (1) genetic contexts associated with blaCTX-M-14; (2) the prophage containing blaDHA-1, qnrB4, and aph(3')-Ia; (3) genetic environments associated with mph(E), msr(E), armA, sul, and qacE; and (4) the class II integron harbouring dfrA1, sat2, and aadA1. CONCLUSION This study reported the whole genome sequence of MDR P. mirabilis PM1162 and the genetic context of its ARGs. This comprehensive genomic analysis of MDR P. mirabilis PM1162 provides a deeper understanding of its MDR mechanism and elucidates the horizontal spread of its ARGs, thus providing a basis for the containment and treatment of the bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Ge Shan
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guangchao Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qinghuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Wen Su
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qiuping Lin
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhixiong Zheng
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guangliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Guangtian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Medical Department, Hengqin Branch of Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanju He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yanling Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Haile Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Wan Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Rongqing Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuqing Weng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University (Zhuhai People's Hospital), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Xiaobin Li
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
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Combined Anti-Bacterial Actions of Lincomycin and Freshly Prepared Silver Nanoparticles: Overcoming the Resistance to Antibiotics and Enhancement of the Bioactivity. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11121791. [PMID: 36551448 PMCID: PMC9774316 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11121791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial drug resistance to antibiotics is growing globally at unprecedented levels, and strategies to overcome treatment deficiencies are continuously developing. In our approach, we utilized metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), known for their wide spread and significant anti-bacterial actions, and the high-dose regimen of lincosamide antibiotic, lincomycin, to demonstrate the efficacy of the combined delivery concept in combating the bacterial resistance. The anti-bacterial actions of the AgNPs and the lincomycin as single entities and as part of the combined mixture of the AgNPs-lincomycin showed improved anti-bacterial biological activity in the Bacillus cereus and Proteus mirabilis microorganisms in comparison to the AgNPs and lincomycin alone. The comparison of the anti-biofilm formation tendency, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) suggested additive effects of the AgNPs and lincomycin combination co-delivery. The AgNPs' MIC at 100 μg/mL and MBC at 100 μg/mL for both Bacillus cereus and Proteus mirabilis, respectively, together with the AgNPs-lincomycin mixture MIC at 100 + 12.5 μg/mL for Bacillus cereus and 50 + 12.5 μg/mL for Proteus mirabilis, confirmed the efficacy of the mixture. The growth curve test showed that the AgNPs required 90 min to kill both bacterial isolates. The freshly prepared and well-characterized AgNPs, important for the antioxidant activity levels of the AgNPs material, showed radical scavenging potential that increased with the increasing concentrations. The DPPH's best activity concentration, 100 μg/mL, which is also the best concentration exhibiting the highest anti-bacterial zone inhibition, was chosen for evaluating the combined effects of the antibiotic, lincomycin, and the AgNPs. Plausible genotoxic effects and the roles of AgNPs were observed through decreased Bla gene expressions in the Bacillus cereus and BlaCTX-M-15 gene expressions in the Proteus mirabilis.
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Mirzaei A, Wagemans J, Nasr Esfahani B, Lavigne R, Moghim S. A Phage Cocktail To Control Surface Colonization by Proteus mirabilis in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0209222. [PMID: 36194151 PMCID: PMC9602741 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02092-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is a biofilm-forming bacterium and one of the most common causes of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The rapid spread of multidrug-resistant P. mirabilis represents a severe threat to management of nosocomial infections. This study aimed to isolate a potent phage cocktail and assess its potential to control urinary tract infections caused by biofilm-forming P. mirabilis. Two lytic phages, Isf-Pm1 and Isf-Pm2, were isolated and characterized by proteome analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and whole-genome sequencing. The host range and effect of the phage cocktail to reduce the biofilm formation were assessed by a cell adhesion assay in Vero cells and a phantom bladder model. The samples treated with the phage cocktail showed a significant reduction (65%) in the biofilm mass. Anti-quorum sensing and quantitative real-time PCR assays were also used to assess the amounts of transcription of genes involved in quorum sensing and biofilm formation. Furthermore, the phage-treated samples showed a downregulation of genes involved in the biofilm formation. In conclusion, these results highlight the efficacy of two isolated phages to control the biofilms produced by P. mirabilis CAUTIs. IMPORTANCE The rapid spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacterial strains and biofilm formation of bacteria have severely restricted the use of antibiotics and become a challenging issue in hospitals. Therefore, there is a necessity for alternative or complementary treatment measures, such as the use of virulent bacteriophages (phages), as effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Mirzaei
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Bahram Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sharareh Moghim
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Qu X, Zhou J, Huang H, Wang W, Xiao Y, Tang B, Liu H, Xu C, Xiao X. Genomic Investigation of Proteus mirabilis Isolates Recovered From Pig Farms in Zhejiang Province, China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:952982. [PMID: 35875581 PMCID: PMC9300985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.952982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is a common opportunistic zoonotic pathogen, and its ongoing acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes poses challenges to clinical treatments. Human-sourced whole genomic sequencing of human P. mirabilis isolates has been reported, but pig-sourced isolates have not been thoroughly investigated even though these animals can serve as reservoirs for human infections. In the current study, we report a molecular epidemiological investigation to unravel the antimicrobial and virulence gene risk factors for P. mirabilis contamination in 9 pig farms in 3 different cities in Zhejiang Province, China. We collected 541 swab samples from healthy pigs and 30 were confirmed as P. mirabilis. All 30 isolates were resistant to tetracyclines, macrolides, sulfonamides, β-lactams and chloramphenicol, and all were multiple drug-resistant and 27 were strong biofilm formers. Phylogenetic analyses indicated these 30 isolates clustered together in 2 major groups. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated that the isolates possessed 91 different antimicrobial resistance genes belonging to 30 antimicrobial classes including rmtB, sul1, qnrS1, AAC(6′) − Ib − cr, blaCTX − M − 65 and blaOXA − 1. All isolates contained mobile genetic elements including integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) and integrative and mobilizable elements (IMEs). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing indicated direct correlates between cognate genes and antimicrobial resistance. We also identified 95 virulence factors, almost all isolates contained 20 fimbrial and flagellar operons, and this represents the greatest number of these operon types found in a single species among all sequenced bacterial genomes. These genes regulate biofilm formation and represent a confounding variable for treating P. mirabilis infections. Our P. mirabilis isolates were present in healthy animals, and multiple drug resistance in these isolates may serve as a reservoir for other intestinal and environmental Enterobacteriaceae members. This prompts us to more strictly regulate veterinary antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Biao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenggang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chenggang Xu,
| | - Xingning Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, MOA Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hangzhou), Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Xingning Xiao,
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10
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Tyumentseva M, Mikhaylova Y, Prelovskaya A, Karbyshev K, Tyumentsev A, Petrova L, Mironova A, Zamyatin M, Shelenkov A, Akimkin V. CRISPR Element Patterns vs. Pathoadaptability of Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from a Medical Center in Moscow, Russia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111301. [PMID: 34827239 PMCID: PMC8615150 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a member of the ESKAPE opportunistic pathogen group, which includes six species of the most dangerous microbes. This pathogen is characterized by the rapid acquisition of antimicrobial resistance, thus causing major healthcare concerns. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of clinical P. aeruginosa isolates based on whole-genome sequencing data. The isolate collection studied was characterized by a variety of clonal lineages with a domination of high-risk epidemic clones and different CRISPR/Cas element patterns. This is the first report on the coexistence of two and even three different types of CRISPR/Cas systems simultaneously in Russian clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. The data include molecular typing and genotypic antibiotic resistance determination, as well as the phylogenetic analysis of the full-length cas gene and anti-CRISPR genes sequences, predicted prophage sequences, and conducted a detailed CRISPR array analysis. The differences between the isolates carrying different types and quantities of CRISPR/Cas systems were investigated. The pattern of virulence factors in P. aeruginosa isolates lacking putative CRISPR/Cas systems significantly differed from that of samples with single or multiple putative CRISPR/Cas systems. We found significant correlations between the numbers of prophage sequences, antibiotic resistance genes, and virulence genes in P. aeruginosa isolates with different patterns of CRISPR/Cas-elements. We believe that the data presented will contribute to further investigations in the field of bacterial pathoadaptability, including antimicrobial resistance and the role of CRISPR/Cas systems in the plasticity of the P. aeruginosa genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tyumentseva
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Yulia Mikhaylova
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Anna Prelovskaya
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Konstantin Karbyshev
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Aleksandr Tyumentsev
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
| | - Lyudmila Petrova
- National Medical and Surgical Center Named after N.I. Pirogov, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., 70, 105203 Moscow, Russia; (L.P.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Anna Mironova
- National Medical and Surgical Center Named after N.I. Pirogov, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., 70, 105203 Moscow, Russia; (L.P.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mikhail Zamyatin
- National Medical and Surgical Center Named after N.I. Pirogov, Nizhnyaya Pervomayskaya Str., 70, 105203 Moscow, Russia; (L.P.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Andrey Shelenkov
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Vasiliy Akimkin
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya Str., 3a, 111123 Moscow, Russia; (M.T.); (Y.M.); (A.P.); (K.K.); (A.T.); (V.A.)
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11
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Drzewiecka D, Palusiak A, Siwińska M, Zabłotni A. The prevailing O serogroups among the serologically differentiated clinical Proteus spp. strains in central Poland. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18982. [PMID: 34556711 PMCID: PMC8460819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the years 2006–2011, 617 Proteus spp. strains isolated mostly from urine and wounds or other clinical sources were collected in Łódź, Poland, to determine the offensive O serotypes frequently occurring among patients. P. mirabilis exhibited the most intensive swarming growth and was dominating species (86.9%), followed by P. genomospecies, P. vulgaris, and P. penneri. Ninety four per cent strains were recognized as S (smooth) forms. Serological studies (involving ELISA—enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting using native and adsorbed rabbit antisera) enabled classification of 80% S isolates into respective Proteus O serogroups among the 83 ones, described so far. The remaining strains seemed to be serologically unique. Despite the observed big serological variety of Proteus spp. isolates, we found the O78 serogroup recently described in Poland as dominating and identified other widespread serotypes: O3, O6, O10, O11, O27, O28, and O30 reported earlier as predominating also in other countries; O77 and O79 detected lately in Poland; O16, O18, O20, and O50. No unique structural feature of the prevalent O serotypes has been indicated. However, the prevalence of some O serogroups indicates that particular serotypes may be in some ways beneficial to the strains producing these kinds of O antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Drzewiecka
- Department of Biology of Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Agata Palusiak
- Department of Biology of Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Siwińska
- Department of Biology of Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zabłotni
- Department of Biology of Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
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12
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Gayani B, Dilhari A, Kottegoda N, Ratnaweera DR, Weerasekera MM. Reduced Crystalline Biofilm Formation on Superhydrophobic Silicone Urinary Catheter Materials. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:11488-11496. [PMID: 34056304 PMCID: PMC8154006 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline biofilm formation in indwelling urinary catheters is a serious health problem as it creates a barrier for antibacterial coatings. This emphasizes the failure of antibacterial coatings that do not have a mechanism to reduce crystal deposition on catheter surfaces. In this study, trifluoropropyl spray-coated polydimethylsiloxane (TFP-PDMS) has been employed as an antibiofilm forming surface without any antibacterial agent. Here, TFP was coated on half-cured PDMS using the spray coating technique to obtain a durable superhydrophobic coating for a minimum five cycles of different sterilization methods. The crystalline biofilm-forming ability of Proteus mirabilis in artificial urine, under static and flow conditions, was assessed on a TFP-PDMS surface. In comparison to the commercially available silver-coated latex and silicone catheter surfaces, TFP-PDMS displayed reduced bacterial attachment over 14 days. Moreover, the elemental analysis determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the enhanced antibiofilm forming ability of TFP-PDMS was due to the self-cleaning activity of the surface. We believe that this modified surface will significantly reduce biofilm formation in indwelling urinary catheters and further warrant future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buddhika Gayani
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
- Centre
for Advanced Material Research, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Ayomi Dilhari
- Department
of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Nilwala Kottegoda
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
- Centre
for Advanced Material Research, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilru R. Ratnaweera
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
- Centre
for Advanced Material Research, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Manjula Manoji Weerasekera
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
- Department
of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
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13
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Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates Carrying Different Types of CRISPR/Cas Systems. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10020205. [PMID: 33668622 PMCID: PMC7918744 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen being one of the most important causative agents of a wide range of nosocomial infections associated with multidrug resistance and high mortality rate. This study presents a multiparametric and correlation analyses of clinical multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates using short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing, which allowed us to reveal specific characteristics of the isolates with different CRISPR/Cas systems. We also compared antibiotic resistance and virulence gene acquisition for the groups of the isolates having functional CRISPR/Cas systems, just CRISPR arrays without cas genes, and without detectable CRISPR spacers. The data include three schemes of molecular typing, phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance determination, as well as phylogenetic analysis of full-length cas gene sequences, predicted prophage sequences and CRISPR array type determination. For the first time the differences between the isolates carrying Type I-F1 and Type I-F2 CRISPR/Cas systems were investigated. A. baumannii isolates with Type I-F1 system were shown to have smaller number of reliably detected CRISPR arrays, and thus they could more easily adapt to environmental conditions through acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes, while Type I-F2 A. baumannii might have stronger “immunity” and use CRISPR/Cas system to block the dissemination of these genes. In addition, virulence factors abaI, abaR, bap and bauA were overrepresented in A. baumannii isolates lacking CRISPR/Cas system. This indicates the role of CRISPR/Cas in fighting against phage infections and preventing horizontal gene transfer. We believe that the data presented will contribute to further investigations in the field of antimicrobial resistance and CRISPR/Cas studies.
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