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Theodosis-Nobelos P, Rekka EA. The Antioxidant Potential of Vitamins and Their Implication in Metabolic Abnormalities. Nutrients 2024; 16:2740. [PMID: 39203876 PMCID: PMC11356998 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are micronutrients necessary for the normal function of the body. Although each vitamin has different physicochemical properties and a specific role in maintaining life, they may also possess a common characteristic, i.e., antioxidant activity. Oxidative stress can harm all the main biological structures leading to protein, DNA and lipid oxidation, with concomitant impairment of the cell. It has been established that oxidative stress is implicated in several pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, inflammation and metabolic syndrome. In this review we investigate the influence of oxidative stress on the above conditions, examine the interrelation between oxidative stress and inflammation and point out the importance of vitamins in these processes, especially in oxidative load manipulation and metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eleni A. Rekka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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2
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Ioniuc I, Lupu A, Tarnita I, Mastaleru A, Trandafir LM, Lupu VV, Starcea IM, Alecsa M, Morariu ID, Salaru DL, Azoicai A. Insights into the Management of Chronic Hepatitis in Children-From Oxidative Stress to Antioxidant Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3908. [PMID: 38612717 PMCID: PMC11011982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research has generated awareness of the existence of various pathophysiological pathways that contribute to the development of chronic diseases; thus, pro-oxidative factors have been accepted as significant contributors to the emergence of a wide range of diseases, from inflammatory to malignant. Redox homeostasis is especially crucial in liver pathology, as disturbances at this level have been linked to a variety of chronic diseases. Hepatitis is an umbrella term used to describe liver inflammation, which is the foundation of this disease regardless of its cause. Chronic hepatitis produces both oxidative stress generated by hepatocyte inflammation and viral inoculation. The majority of hepatitis in children is caused by a virus, and current studies reveal that 60-80% of cases become chronic, with many young patients still at risk of advancing liver damage. This review intends to emphasize the relevance of understanding these pathological redox pathways, as well as the need to update therapeutic strategies in chronic liver pathology, considering the beneficial effects of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Ioniuc
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Irina Tarnita
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Alexandra Mastaleru
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.M.); (D.L.S.)
| | - Laura Mihaela Trandafir
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Iuliana Magdalena Starcea
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Mirabela Alecsa
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ionela Daniela Morariu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Delia Lidia Salaru
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (A.M.); (D.L.S.)
| | - Alice Azoicai
- Department of Mother and Child, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.); (I.T.); (L.M.T.); (I.M.S.); (M.A.); (A.A.)
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3
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Storz MA, Ronco AL. Serum levels of copper but not zinc are associated with head and chest cold in the NHANES. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 82:127353. [PMID: 38071863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common colds are among the top reasons children miss school and adults miss work. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that there are millions of cases of the common cold in the United States each year. The essential trace elements zinc and copper have immunomodulatory functions, and zinc has been reported to reduce the general risk of infection, whereas the copper-to-zinc ratio has been associated with an increased risk of incident infections in middle-aged men. Studies involving these two trace elements are generally scarce and were often limited to men. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) to examine potential associations between head or chest cold events and serum levels of copper and zinc in n = 2795 NHANES participants enrolled between 2011 and 2016. RESULTS Comparing participants with and without an event of head or chest cold in the last 30 days, no significant differences were found in the serum levels of both trace elements. Notably, copper levels tended to be slightly higher in participants with a recent infection (121.56 (2.69) µg/dl) as compared to participants without infection (117.755 (1.04) µg/dl; p = 0.119). In multivariate logistic regression models adjusting for confounders, copper levels were significantly associated with increased odds for a previous head/chest cold (OR: 1.93 (CI: 1.07-3.47), p = 0.028). Notably, no significant associations were found for zinc and the copper-to-zinc ratio. CONCLUSIONS Elevated copper levels were associated with head and chest cold events in the past 30 days. Whether elevated copper levels reflect a pro-inflammatory infection-predisposing status or whether they were elevated subsequent to the infectious event in some individuals in the sense of a reversed causality remains subject to future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Andreas Storz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Freiburg University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Alvaro Luis Ronco
- Unit of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Pereira Rossell Women's Hospital, Montevideo, Uruguay; School of Medicine, CLAEH University, Prado and Salt Lake, 20100 Maldonado, Uruguay; Biomedical Sciences Center, University of Montevideo, Puntas de Santiago 1604, 11500 Montevideo, Uruguay
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4
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Pye C, Clark N, Bruniges N, Peffers M, Comerford E. Current evidence for non-pharmaceutical, non-surgical treatments of canine osteoarthritis. J Small Anim Pract 2024; 65:3-23. [PMID: 37776028 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a progressive degenerative disease process that affects a significant proportion of the canine population, impacting these animals' quality of life. Currently, there is no cure and treatment consists of managing the clinical signs of pain and reduced mobility. There are many treatments for canine osteoarthritis and in this review we discuss the evidence base behind non-pharmaceutical, non-surgical treatments of this disease. These treatments include weight management, nutraceuticals, acupuncture, physiotherapies such as therapeutic exercise, hydrotherapy as well as other therapeutic modalities including photobiomodulation therapy, electromagnetic field therapy and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pye
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX
| | - N Clark
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX
| | - N Bruniges
- University of Liverpool Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, CH64 7TE
| | - M Peffers
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX
| | - E Comerford
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX
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5
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Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Evaluation, Antioxidant Studies, and Molecular Docking of Some New 1
H
‐Benzimidazole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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6
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Shcheblykin DV, Bolgov AA, Pokrovskii MV, Stepenko JV, Tsuverkalova JM, Shcheblykina OV, Golubinskaya PA, Korokina LV. Endothelial dysfunction: developmental mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.80376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Every year the importance of the normal functioning of the endothelial layer of the vascular wall in maintaining the health of the body becomes more and more obvious.
The physiological role of the endothelium: The endothelium is a metabolically active organ actively involved in the regulation of hemostasis, modulation of inflammation, maintenance of hemovascular homeostasis, regulation of angiogenesis, vascular tone, and permeability.
Risk factors for the development of endothelial dysfunction: Currently, insufficient bioavailability of nitric oxide is considered the most significant risk factor for endothelial dysfunction.
Mechanisms of development of endothelial dysfunction: The genesis of endothelial dysfunction is a multifactorial process. Among various complex mechanisms, this review examines oxidative stress, inflammation, hyperglycemia, vitamin D deficiency, dyslipidemia, excess visceral fat, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, as well as primary genetic defect of endotheliocytes, as the most common causes in the population underlying the development of endothelial dysfunction.
Markers of endothelial dysfunction in various diseases: This article discusses the main biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction currently used, as well as promising biomarkers in the future for laboratory diagnosis of this pathology.
Therapeutic strategies: Therapeutic approaches to the endothelium in order to prevent or reduce a degree of damage to the vascular wall are briefly described.
Conclusion: Endothelial dysfunction is a typical pathological process involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Thus, pharmacological agents with endothelioprotective properties can provide more therapeutic benefits than a drug without such an effect.
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7
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Manoppo JIC, Pateda V, Prayogo C, Langi FLFG, Nurkolis F, Tsopmo A. Relationships of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children: A possible strategy to promote early screening of NAFLD. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1025396. [PMID: 36407527 PMCID: PMC9667029 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1025396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette Irene Christiene Manoppo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Vivekenanda Pateda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Cindy Prayogo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Pediatrics, Prof. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | | | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta), Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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8
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Zhang N, Wu Y, Qiao M, Yuan W, Li X, Wang X, Sheng J, Zi C. Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of dendrocandin analogues determined using density functional theory. Struct Chem 2022; 33:795-805. [PMID: 35194353 PMCID: PMC8855351 DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-01895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Quantum-chemical calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311 + + G(2d,2p)//B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level were employed to study the relationship between the antioxidant properties and chemical structures of six dendrocandin (DDCD) analogues in the gas phase and two solvents (methanol and water). The hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), electron-transfer-proton-transfer (ET-PT), and sequential proton-loss-electron-transfer (SPLET) mechanisms are explored. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), reactivity indices (η, μ, ω, ω +, and ω - ), and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEPs) were also evaluated. The results suggest that the D ring plays an important role in mediating the antioxidant activity of DDCDs. For all the studied compounds, indicating that HAT was identified as the most favorable mechanism, whereas the SPLET mechanism was the most thermodynamically favorable pathway in polar solvents. The results of our study should aid in the development of new or modified antioxidant compounds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11224-022-01895-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yilong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Miao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Wenjuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Xingyu Li
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Chengting Zi
- Key Laboratory of Pu-Er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
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9
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Talebi S, Ghoreishy SM, Jayedi A, Travica N, Mohammadi H. Dietary Antioxidants and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1493-1504. [PMID: 35030236 PMCID: PMC9526846 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current review was to explore the association between various dietary antioxidants and the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched up to March 2021. Prospective, observational cohort studies, nested case-control, and case-control designs that investigated the association between antioxidants and PD risk were included. A random-effects model was used to pool the RRs. The certainty of the evidence was rated using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) scoring system. In addition, a dose-response relation was examined between antioxidant intake and PD risk. Six prospective cohort studies and 2 nested case-control (total n = 448,737 with 4654 cases), as well as 6 case-control (1948 controls, 1273 cases) studies were eligible. The pooled RR was significantly lower for the highest compared with the lowest intake categories of vitamin E (n = 7; 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.99) and anthocyanins (n = 2; 0.76; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) in cohort studies. Conversely, a significantly higher risk of PD was observed for higher lutein intake (n = 3; 1.86; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.88) among case-control studies. Dose-response meta-analyses indicated a significant association between a 50-mg/d increase in vitamin C (n = 6; RR: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.88, 0.99), a 5-mg/d increment in vitamin E (n = 7; RR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.99), a 2-mg/d increment in β-carotene (n = 6; RR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.99), and a 1-mg/d increment in zinc (n = 1; OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.86) and a reduced risk of PD. Overall, higher intake of antioxidant-rich foods may be associated with a lower risk of PD. Future well-designed prospective studies are needed to validate the present findings. The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, CRD42021242511).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepide Talebi
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Ghoreishy
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Nikolaj Travica
- Deakin University, IMPACT–the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
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10
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Ceresnakova M, Murray D, Soulimane T, Hudson SP. Candidates for smart cardiovascular medical device coatings: A comparative study with endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174490. [PMID: 34492283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Stent-induced vascular injury is manifested by removal of the endothelium and phenotypic changes in the underlying medial smooth muscle cells layer. This results in pathological vascular remodelling primarily contributed to smooth muscle cell proliferation and leads to vessel re-narrowing; neointimal hyperplasia. Current drug-eluting stents release non-selective anti-proliferative drugs such as paclitaxel from the stent surface that not only inhibit growth of smooth muscle cells but also delay endothelial healing, potentially leading to stent thrombosis. This highlights the need for novel bioactive stent coating candidates with the ability to target key events in the pathogenesis of in-stent restenosis. Citric acid, a molecule with anti-coagulant properties, was investigated against L-ascorbic acid, an antioxidant molecule reported to preferentially promote endothelial growth, and paclitaxel, a typically used anti-proliferative stent coating. Citric acid was found to exhibit growth supporting properties on endothelial cells across a range of concentrations that were significantly better than the model stent coating drug paclitaxel and better than the ascorbic acid which inhibited endothelial proliferation at concentrations ≥100 μg/ml. It was demonstrated that a citric acid-paclitaxel combination treatment significantly improves cell viability in comparison to paclitaxel only treated cells, with endothelial cells exhibiting greater cell recovery over smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, cell treatment with citric acid was found to reduce inflammation in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro inflammation model by significantly reducing interleukin 6 expression. Thus, this study demonstrates that citric acid is a promising candidate for use as a coating in stents and other endovascular devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriama Ceresnakova
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - David Murray
- COOK Medical Ireland Limited, O'Halloran Rd, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tewfik Soulimane
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Sarah P Hudson
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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11
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Chan Y, Raju Allam VSR, Paudel KR, Singh SK, Gulati M, Dhanasekaran M, Gupta PK, Jha NK, Devkota HP, Gupta G, Hansbro PM, Oliver BGG, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Nutraceuticals: unlocking newer paradigms in the mitigation of inflammatory lung diseases. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-31. [PMID: 34613853 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1986467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Persistent respiratory tract inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of various chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. These inflammatory respiratory diseases have been a major public health concern as they are the leading causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity, resulting in heavy burden on socioeconomic growth throughout these years. Although various therapeutic agents are currently available, the clinical applications of these agents are found to be futile due to their adverse effects, and most patients remained poorly controlled with a low quality of life. These drawbacks have necessitated the development of novel, alternative therapeutic agents that can effectively improve therapeutic outcomes. Recently, nutraceuticals such as probiotics, vitamins, and phytochemicals have gained increasing attention due to their nutritional properties and therapeutic potential in modulating the pathological mechanisms underlying inflammatory respiratory diseases, which could ultimately result in improved disease control and overall health outcomes. As such, nutraceuticals have been held in high regard as the possible alternatives to address the limitations of conventional therapeutics, where intensive research are being performed to identify novel nutraceuticals that can positively impact various inflammatory respiratory diseases. This review provides an insight into the utilization of nutraceuticals with respect to their molecular mechanisms targeting multiple signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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12
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Design, synthesis, characterization, and antioxidant activity studies of novel thienyl-pyrazoles. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07592. [PMID: 34355092 PMCID: PMC8322289 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In a sustained search for novel and effective antioxidants, a potential therapeutic leads against renal, and neurological disorders. Amongst the heterocycles, pyrazole and their derivatives have been extensively studied for their biological potencies, particularly to a larger extent for their antioxidant properties. Although many of pyrazole derivatives displayed antioxidant activities, still there is a need of developing efficient protocol for their synthesis, involving ecofriendly conditions, molecules of greater antioxidant efficacy and lesser toxicity, etc. In this context, the current study presents an amberlyst-15 catalysed efficient synthesis of 2-pyrazoline derivatives, 5(a-g) via (3 + 2) annulation of chalcones with phenylhydrazines. Structure proofs of new pyrazoles offered by spectral studies, and the molecular structure of compound 5d of the series by crystallographic studies, which revealed an intra molecular hydrogen bond interactions (C–H⋯N type), and stabilization by C–H...π and π---π molecular interactions. Of the series, compounds 5g and 5h show excellent DPPH (IC50 = 0.245 ± 0.01, and 0.284 ± 0.02 μM); and hydroxyl (IC50 = 0.905 ± 0.01, and 0.892 ± 0.01μM) radical scavenging activities comparable with respective controls, ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.483 ± 0.01μM) and BHA (IC50 = 1.739 ± 0.01μM). The molecular docking and ADME/Tox studies indicate that, these compounds have good antioxidant activity through π-π stacking with Catalase via Try337 and Phe140, and therefore, might be lead antioxidants for further study.
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13
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Gao Q, Wan J, Chen X, Mo X, Sun Y, Zou J, Nie J, Zhang Y. A novel strategy for sensitive and rapid detection of ascorbic acid via the Tyndall effect of cobalt hydroxide nanoflakes. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39306-39310. [PMID: 35492454 PMCID: PMC9044414 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07702c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanoflakes, as nanoenzymes and fluorescence quenchers, have been widely used in colorimetric and fluorescent analysis. However, their promising light scattering property—the Tyndall effect (TE)—has never been applied in biosensors and biological analysis to date. Herein, we report for the first time a novel strategy for point-of-care detection of ascorbic acid (AA) with the TE of CoOOH nanoflakes providing colorimetric signaling. In this detection system, CoOOH nanoflakes exhibit a strong red TE signal under the illumination of a hand-held 635 nm laser pointer pen. However, the introduction of AA could induce a significant decrease of the TE because it could reduce CoOOH into Co2+ and results in the degradation of the CoOOH nanoflakes. The changes in the TE intensity could be read-out using a smartphone for the portable quantitative analysis of AA. The results showed that this CoOOH nanoflake-based TE-inspired assay (TEA) exhibited a good linear range from 0.25 μM to 40 μM for AA, with a detection limit of 12 nM. It also showed high selectivity toward AA over common potential interfering species. Importantly, this method possessed the advantages of simple operation, low consumption of time and equipment-free analysis and was successfully applied to the detection of AA in vitamin C tablets. A novel colorimetric nanosensor was initially developed for the equipment-free sensitive detection of ascorbic acid based on the Tyndall effect of cobalt hydroxide nanoflakes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wan
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Mo
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yao Sun
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jianmei Zou
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jinfang Nie
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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14
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Abstract
Vitamin C (Vit C) is an ideal antioxidant as it is easily available, water soluble, very potent, least toxic, regenerates other antioxidants particularly Vit E, and acts as a cofactor for different enzymes. It has received much attention due to its ability in limiting reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and nitrosative stress, as well as it helps to maintain some of the normal metabolic functions of the cell. However, over 140 clinical trials using Vit C in different pathological conditions such as myocardial infarction, gastritis, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, and cancer have yielded inconsistent results. Such a divergence calls for new strategies to establish practical significance of Vit C in heart failure or even in its prevention. For a better understanding of Vit C functioning, it is important to revisit its transport across the cell membrane and subcellular interactions. In this review, we have highlighted some historical details of Vit C and its transporters in the heart with a particular focus on heart failure in cancer chemotherapy.
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15
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Yu L, He W, Peters EB, Ledford BT, Tsihlis ND, Kibbe MR. Development of Poly(1,8-octanediol- co-citrate- co-ascorbate) Elastomers with Enhanced Ascorbate Performance for Use as a Graft Coating to Prevent Neointimal Hyperplasia. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:2150-2159. [PMID: 35025266 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small-diameter expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft surfaces have poor long-term patency due to limited endothelial cell (EC) coverage and anastomotic intimal hyperplasia. Multifunctional elastomers that coat the ePTFE graft surface to promote EC adhesion while simultaneously inhibiting intimal hyperplasia are highly desirable. Poly(diol-co-citrate) (PDC), a thermoset elastomer, is biodegradable, biocompatible, and mimics vascular mechanical properties. Engineering antioxidant components into PDC polymeric structures improves biocompatibility by attenuating oxidative stress yet is limited by bioavailability. Herein, we develop a new ascorbate protection and deprotection strategy (APDS) for loading bioactive ascorbic acid into the structure of PDC elastomers to improve poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate-co-ascorbate) (POCA) prepolymer ascorbate activity. Elastomers cured from APDS POCA prepolymers provide twice the active ascorbate sites on the elastomer surface (35.19 ± 1.64 ng mg-1 cm-2) versus unprotected POCA (Un.POCA, 18.31 ± 0.97 ng mg-1 cm-2). APDS POCA elastomers displayed suitable mechanical properties for vascular graft coating [Young's modulus (2.15-2.61 MPa), elongation (189.5-214.6%) and ultimate tensile strength (2.73-3.61 MPa)], and superior surface antioxidant performance through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition as compared to poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate) (POC) and Un.POCA. Hydrolytic degradation of APDS POCA occurred within 12 weeks under physiological conditions with a mass loss of 25.8 ± 3.4% and the degradation product retaining ascorbate activity. APDS POCA elastomer surfaces supported human aortic endothelial cell proliferation while inhibiting human aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro. APDS POCA elastomer surfaces displayed superior decomposition of S-nitrosothiols compared to POC and Un.POCA. Taken together, these findings indicate the potential of APDS POCA elastomers to serve as bioactive, therapeutic coatings that enhance the long-term patency of small diameter ePTFE grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yu
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Wenhan He
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Erica B Peters
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Benjamin T Ledford
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Nick D Tsihlis
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Melina R Kibbe
- Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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16
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Jezierska-Wozniak K, Sinderewicz E, Czelejewska W, Wojtacha P, Barczewska M, Maksymowicz W. Influence of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy on Oxidative Stress Intensity in Minimally Conscious State Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E683. [PMID: 32138308 PMCID: PMC7141306 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders, including minimally conscious state (MCS), may be associated with the presence of high concentrations of reactive oxygen species within the central nervous system. Regarding the documented role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in oxidative stress neutralization, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) transplantation on selected markers of oxidative stress in MCS patients. Antioxidant capacity was measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma collected from nine patients aged between 19 and 45 years, remaining in MCS for 3 to 14 months. Total antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid and ascorbate concentrations, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activity were analyzed and the presence of tested antioxidants in the CSF and plasma was confirmed. Higher ascorbic acid (AA) content and catalase (CAT) activity were noted in CSF relative to plasma, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity were higher in plasma relative to CSF. Total antioxidant capacity measured in CSF was greater after BM-MSC transplantations. The content of ascorbates was lower and CAT activity was higher both in CSF and plasma after the administration of BM-MSC. The above results suggest that MSCs modulate oxidative stress intensity in MCS patients, mainly via ascorbates and CAT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jezierska-Wozniak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.S.); (W.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Emilia Sinderewicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.S.); (W.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Wioleta Czelejewska
- Department of Neurosurgery, Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.S.); (W.C.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Pawel Wojtacha
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Cieszynski 1 Str., 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Monika Barczewska
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
| | - Wojciech Maksymowicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30 Str., 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland; (M.B.); (W.M.)
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17
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New thiazole, pyridine and pyrazole derivatives as antioxidant candidates: synthesis, DFT calculations and molecular docking study. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03185. [PMID: 31956713 PMCID: PMC6956760 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel heterocyclic compounds containing pyrazole, thiazole and pyridine moieties were designed and prepared based on the condensation reaction between 1,3-thiazole or aminopyridine derivatives and 1H-pyrazole,3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole or 1,2,4-triazole. Their structures were confirmed with FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR analyses. DPPH scavenging assay was used to evaluate their antioxidant potential. The ligand 4 showed the best antioxidant activity with an IC50 = 4.67 μg/mL, while IC50 values of the other compounds were found to be ranging from 20.56 to 45.32 μg/mL. DFT and molecular docking studies were performed in order to gain better insights and to understand the relationship between the structures of the studied compounds and their antioxidant activities. The results obtained revealed a good agreement between the experimental and the theoretical findings.
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18
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Strong V, Moittié S, Sheppard MN, Liptovszky M, White K, Redrobe S, Cobb M, Baiker K. Idiopathic Myocardial Fibrosis in Captive Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes). Vet Pathol 2019; 57:183-191. [PMID: 31640487 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819879442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders and predominantly idiopathic myocardial fibrosis are frequently associated with mortality among zoo-housed chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Formalin-fixed whole hearts of deceased chimpanzees housed in zoos (n = 33) and an African sanctuary (n = 2) underwent detailed macroscopic and histopathologic examination using a standardized protocol. Archived histological slides from the hearts of 23 additional African sanctuary-housed chimpanzees were also examined. Myocardial fibrosis (MF) was identified in 30 of 33 (91%) of the zoo-housed chimpanzees but none of the 25 sanctuary-housed chimpanzees. MF was shown to be characterized by both interstitial and replacement fibrosis. Immunophenotyping demonstrated that the fibrotic lesions were accompanied by the increased presence of macrophages, alpha smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts, and a minimal to mild T-cell-dominant leukocyte infiltration. There was no convincing evidence of cardiotropic viral infection or suggestion that diabetes mellitus or vitamin E or selenium deficiency were associated with the presence of the lesion. However, serum vitamin D concentrations among zoo-housed chimpanzees were found to be lower in seasons of low ultraviolet light levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Strong
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, UK.,School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK.,Twycross Zoo, Atherstone, UK
| | - Sophie Moittié
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK.,Twycross Zoo, Atherstone, UK
| | - Mary N Sheppard
- Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, St George's Medical School, London, UK
| | | | - Kate White
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
| | | | - Malcolm Cobb
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Kerstin Baiker
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Sciences, University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire, UK
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19
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A Hazelnut-Enriched Diet Modulates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Gene Expression without Weight Gain. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4683723. [PMID: 31354906 PMCID: PMC6637671 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4683723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation is associated with obesity condition and plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of many chronic diseases. Among several nutraceutical foods, hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) are considered an excellent anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic food being the second richest source of monounsaturated fatty acids among nuts and because they are rich in vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Materials and Methods A prospective pilot clinical trial on 24 healthy volunteers who consumed daily, as a snack, 40 g of hazelnuts (261.99 kcal/1096.17 kJ) for six weeks was conducted. Anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and nutrigenomic analysis on 12 anti-inflammatory and antioxidant genes were evaluated at baseline (T0) and after hazelnut intervention (T1). Results No significant changes were detected on body composition analysis after hazelnut consumption. Conversely, significant upregulation was detected for SOD1 (2−ΔΔCt = 2.42), CAT (2−ΔΔCt = 2.41), MIF (2−ΔΔCt = 4.12), PPARγ (2−ΔΔCt = 5.89), VDR (2−ΔΔCt = 3.61), MTHFR (2−ΔΔCt = 2.40), and ACE (2−ΔΔCt = 2.16) at the end of the study. Conclusions According to emerging evidences, hazelnut consumption does not lead to weight gain probably due to the improvement of the body's antioxidant capacity by the upregulation of genes implied in oxidant reactions and inflammation.
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20
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Cobalt oxyhydroxide modified with poly-β-cyclodextrin and a cyanine dye as a nanoplatform for two-photon imaging of ascorbic acid in living cells and tissue. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:201. [PMID: 30796531 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3320-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the development of several nanoconjugates composed of cobalt (III) oxyhydroxide and DEASPI/βCDP, where DEASPI stands for the dye trans-4-[p-(N,N-diethylamino)styryl]-N-methylpyridinium, and βCDP stands for β-cyclodextrin. The material enables sensitive fluorometric detection and 3D imaging of ascorbic acid (AA) in biological samples. A nanomicelle composed of DEASPI and βCDP was prepared to act as a two-photon absorbance (TPA) nanofluorophore with desirable two-photon-sensitized fluorescence, high penetration depth, and excellent cell-permeability). The CoOOH nanoflakes were placed on the surface of the nanomicelle to act as both a quencher of fluorescence and as the recognition unit for AA. In the presence of AA, the CoOOH nanoflakes are reduced to Co (II), and this triggers the recovery of fluorescence. This new nanoprobe exhibits amplified two-photon fluorescence (excitation at 840 nm; emission at 565 nm), high sensitivity, and good selectivity. In-vitro imaging of endogenous AA was demonstrated in living HeLa cells. It was also employed to 3D imaging of exogenous AA in tissue by two-photon excitation microscopy to a depth of up to 320 μm. In our perception, this nanoprobe represents a valuable tool for elucidating the roles of AA in biochemical and clinical studies. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of the preparation of a novel Poly β-Cyclodextrin/TPdye conjugated with cobalt oxyhydroxide nanoplatform and its application for high sensitive and two-photon 3D imaging of ascorbic acid (AA) in living cells and deep tissues.
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21
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Niki E. Oxidant-specific biomarkers of oxidative stress. Association with atherosclerosis and implication for antioxidant effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:425-440. [PMID: 29625172 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The unregulated oxidative modification of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids induced by multiple oxidants has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Antioxidants with diverse functions exert their roles either directly or indirectly in the physiological defense network to inhibit such deleterious oxidative modification of biological molecules and resulting damage. The efficacy of antioxidants depends on the nature of oxidants. Therefore, it is important to identify the oxidants which are responsible for modification of biological molecules. Some oxidation products produced selectively by specific oxidant enable to identify the responsible oxidants, while other products are produced by several oxidants similarly. In this review article, several oxidant-specific products produced selectively by peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite, hypochlorous acid, lipoxygenase, and singlet oxygen were summarized and their potential role as biomarker is discussed. It is shown that the levels of specific oxidation products including hydroxylinoleate isomers, nitrated and chlorinated products, and oxysterols produced by the above-mentioned oxidants are elevated in the human atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that all these oxidants may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Further, it was shown that the reactivities of physiological antioxidants toward the above-mentioned oxidants vary extensively, suggesting that multiple antioxidants effective against these different oxidants are required, since no single antioxidant alone can cope with these multiple oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuo Niki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Takamatsu 761-0395, Japan.
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22
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El-Hadj Saïd A, Mekelleche SM, Ardjani TEA. Theoretical insight into the substituent effects on the antioxidant properties of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives in gas phase and in polar solvents. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work is to perform a theoretical analysis of the antioxidant properties of a series of 8-hydroxyquinolines (8-HQs) to rationalize the available experimental results and to design new potent 8-HQ derivatives. The study was carried out in gas phase and in methanol at the DFT/B3LYP/ 6-311++G(d,p) computational level. The formation of stable ArO• radicals is discussed on the basis of different mechanisms, namely, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer followed by proton transfer (SET-PT), and single proton loss electron transfer (SPLET). The obtained results show that the HAT mechanism is, thermodynamically, more favoured in gas phase, whereas the SPLET pathway is more favoured in polar solvents. The calculated thermochemical descriptors allow classification of the antioxidant power of the studied compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anes El-Hadj Saïd
- Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tlemcen, PB 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tlemcen, PB 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
| | - Sidi Mohamed Mekelleche
- Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tlemcen, PB 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tlemcen, PB 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
| | - Taki-Eddine Ahmed Ardjani
- Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tlemcen, PB 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Molecular Modelling, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tlemcen, PB 119, Tlemcen, 13000, Algeria
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23
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Asleh R, Briasoulis A, Berinstein EM, Wiener JB, Palla M, Kushwaha SS, Levy AP. Meta-analysis of the association of the haptoglobin genotype with cardiovascular outcomes and the pharmacogenomic interactions with vitamin E supplementation. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2018; 11:71-82. [PMID: 29731659 PMCID: PMC5923226 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s159454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objectives of the study were to compile and summarize the data from all of the clinical trials designed to examine the association between haptoglobin (Hp) genotype and incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and to assess the impact of vitamin E treatment on CV outcomes according to the Hp genotype. Background The Hp genotype could serve as a predictive biomarker to DM patients who may benefit from vitamin E therapy. Methods The electronic databases MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for Central Register of Clinical Trials were searched systematically using the following MESH terms: "haptoglobin genotype", "diabetes mellitus" and "cardiovascular events". Results Overall, 13 studies fit the inclusion criteria for this analysis, yielding a large study population that included 6,161 patients without Hp 2-2 and 4,684 patients with Hp 2-2. The analysis of these studies showed that the incidence of CV events in DM patients with the Hp 2-2 genotype was significantly increased as compared to non-Hp 2-2 patients in all three subgroups of case-control (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.6; P=0.003), cohort (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2-1.5; P=0.001) and randomized controlled trials (OR: 1.6, 1.2-2.2; P=0.005). Among patients with the Hp 2-2 genotype, administration of vitamin E was associated with lower rates of CV events (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45-0.95; P=0.025). Further investigation into the association between Hp 2-2 and myocardial infarction, stroke, mortality and end-stage renal disease was also performed. Conclusion The Hp genotype is a risk factor for CV events in patients with DM, and administration of vitamin E appears to offer a low cost and accessible means of reducing CV events and mortality in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabea Asleh
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Elliot M Berinstein
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Joshua B Wiener
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Mohan Palla
- Department of Cardiology, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sudhir S Kushwaha
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andrew P Levy
- Bruce and Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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24
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Kisioglu B, Nergiz-Unal R. The powerful story against cardiovascular diseases: Dietary factors. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2017.1410172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Betul Kisioglu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reyhan Nergiz-Unal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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25
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Rapti K, Diokmetzidou A, Kloukina I, Milner DJ, Varela A, Davos CH, Capetanaki Y. Opposite effects of catalase and MnSOD ectopic expression on stress induced defects and mortality in the desmin deficient cardiomyopathy model. Free Radic Biol Med 2017. [PMID: 28629836 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been linked strongly to cell death and cardiac remodeling processes, all hallmarks of heart failure. Mice deficient for desmin (des-/-), the major muscle specific intermediate filament protein, develop dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure characterized by mitochondrial defects and cardiomyocyte death. The cellular and biochemical alterations in the hearts of these mice strongly suggest that oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of the phenotype. Recently, we showed that indeed the desmin deficient cardiomyocytes are under increased oxidative stress. In order to verify these findings in vivo, we generated transgenic animals overexpressing SOD2 (MnSOD) and/or catalase in the heart and crossed them with des-/- mice, thus allowing us to evaluate the contribution of oxidative injury in inherited cardiomyopathies, as well as the therapeutic potential of antioxidant strategies. Moderate MnSOD and/or catalase overexpression in des-/- hearts leads to a marked decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), ameliorates mitochondrial and other ultrastructural defects, minimizes myocardial degeneration and leads to a significant improvement of cardiac function. Importantly, catalase overexpression increased the 50% survival rate of des-/- mice in an obligatory exercise to 100%. In contrast, MnSOD overexpression enhanced the lethality of des-/- mice, underscoring the importance of a fine balanced cellular redox status. Overall, the present study supports the contribution of oxidative stress in the development of des-/- cardiomyopathy and points to a well-considered antioxidant treatment as therapeutic for cardiomyopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleopatra Rapti
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Antigoni Diokmetzidou
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Ismini Kloukina
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Derek J Milner
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Aimilia Varela
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Constantinos H Davos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
| | - Yassemi Capetanaki
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
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Park SJ, Myung SK, Lee Y, Lee YJ. Effects of Vitamin and Antioxidant Supplements in Prevention of Bladder Cancer: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:628-635. [PMID: 28244289 PMCID: PMC5334161 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.4.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in the prevention of bladder cancer using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Fourteen RCTs were included in the final analysis. In a fixed-effect meta-analysis, vitamin and antioxidant supplements showed no preventive effect for bladder cancer (relative risk [RR] = 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92-1.17; I² = 39.7%). Also, there was no preventive effect of these supplements in the subgroup meta-analyses by various factors such as type of supplements, type of cancer prevention, methodological quality, providers of supplements, type of control group, and number of participants. Among the subgroup analyses by type of supplements, beta-carotene supplementation alone marginally increased the risk of bladder cancer (RR = 1.44; 95% CI 1.00-2.09; I² = 0.0%; n = 3). The current meta-analysis found that vitamin and antioxidant supplements have no preventive effect against bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jung Park
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Kwon Myung
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Yunju Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yong Jae Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Akolkar G, Bagchi AK, Ayyappan P, Jassal DS, Singal PK. Doxorubicin-induced nitrosative stress is mitigated by vitamin C via the modulation of nitric oxide synthases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C418-C427. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00356.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An increase in oxidative stress is suggested to be the main cause in Doxorubicin (Dox)–induced cardiotoxicity. However, there is now evidence that activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrosative stress are also involved. The role of vitamin C (Vit C) in the regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and reduction of nitrosative stress in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity is unknown. The present study investigated the effects of Vit C in the mitigation of Dox-induced changes in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), NOS activity, protein expression of NOS isoforms, and nitrosative stress as well as cytokines TNF-α and IL-10 in isolated cardiomyocytes. Cardiomyocytes isolated from adult Sprague-Dawley rats were segregated into four groups: 1) control, 2) Vit C (25 µM), 3) Dox (10 µM), and 4) Vit C + Dox. Dox caused a significant increase in the generation of superoxide radical (O2·−), peroxynitrite, and NO, and these effects of Dox were blunted by Vit C. Dox increased the expression of iNOS and altered protein expression as well as activation of endothelial NOS (eNOS). These changes were prevented by Vit C. Dox induced an increase in the ratio of monomeric/dimeric eNOS, promoting the production of O2·−, which was prevented by Vit C by increasing the stability of the dimeric form of eNOS. Vit C protected against the Dox-induced increase in TNFα as well as a reduction in IL-10. These results suggest that Vit C provides cardioprotection by reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress and inflammation via a modulation of Dox-induced increase in the NO levels and NOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Akolkar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ashim K. Bagchi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Prathapan Ayyappan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Davinder S. Jassal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pawan K. Singal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Feng LL, Wu YX, Zhang DL, Hu XX, Zhang J, Wang P, Song ZL, Zhang XB, Tan W. Near Infrared Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Two-Photon Nanoprobe for Direct Bioimaging of Endogenous Ascorbic Acid in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4077-4084. [PMID: 28281746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA), as one of the most important vitamins, participates in various physiological reactions in the human body and is implicated with many diseases. Therefore, the development of effective methods for monitoring the AA level in living systems is of great significance. Up to date, various technologies have been developed for the detection of AA. However, few methods can realize the direct detection of endogenous AA in living cells. In this work, we for the first time reported that near-infrared (NIR) graphene quantum dots (GQD) possessed good two-photon fluorescence properties with a NIR emission at 660 nm upon exciting with 810 nm femtosecond pulses and a two-photon (TP) excitation action cross-section (δΦ) of 25.12 GM. They were then employed to construct a TP nanoprobe for detection and bioimaging of endogenous AA in living cells. In this nanosystem, NIR GQDs (NGs), which exhibited lower fluorescence background in living system to afford improved fluorescence imaging resolution, were acted as fluorescence reporters. Also CoOOH nanoflakes were chosen as fluorescence quenchers by forming on the surface of NGs. Once AA was introduced, CoOOH was reduced to Co2+, which resulted in a "turn-on" fluorescence signal of NGs. The proposed nanoprobe demonstrated high sensitivity toward AA, with the observed LOD of 270 nM. It also showed high selectivity to AA with excellent photostability. Moreover, the nanoprobe was successfully used for TP imaging of endogenous AA in living cells as well as deep tissue imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Feng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Wu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dai-Liang Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Hu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Song
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology , Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University , Changsha 410082, China
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Hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals scavenging by isoliquiritigenin and liquiritigenin: a quantum chemical study. Struct Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-017-0924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Harris E, Rowsell R, Pipingas A, Macpherson H. No effect of multivitamin supplementation on central blood pressure in healthy older people: A randomized controlled trial. Atherosclerosis 2016; 246:236-42. [PMID: 26812001 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Central blood pressure rises with age, which increases cardiovascular risk. There is some evidence that nutritional supplements may be useful to reduce central blood pressures in older people, but no studies have investigated the effects of multivitamin supplements for this purpose. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of 16-weeks supplementation with gender-specific multivitamin and herbal supplements. METHOD Participants were healthy individuals, free from heart disease, and included 160 females aged ≥ 50 and 79 males aged 50-65 years. Analyses of co-variance, correcting for baseline cardiovascular assessments, were used to determine the effects of supplementation on central cardiovascular measures including augmentation index, augmentation pressure and pulse pressure. Significance was set at p = 0.016. RESULTS No effects of multivitamin supplementation were observed in either males or females (respectively) for central augmentation index (p = 0.841; p = 0.296), central augmentation pressure (p = 0.794; p = 0.442), and central pulse pressure (p = 0.078; p = 0.304). Similarly, there was no treatment effect observed for brachial systolic, diastolic or pulse pressures. CONCLUSION Four months multivitamin supplementation does not appear to exert any benefit to measures of central blood pressure in healthy older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Harris
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Vic, 3000, Australia; Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia.
| | - Renee Rowsell
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia.
| | - Andrew Pipingas
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia.
| | - Helen Macpherson
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia; Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, Burwood, Vic, 3125, Australia.
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Hampson G, Edwards S, Sankaralingam A, Harrington DJ, Voong K, Fogelman I, Frost ML. Circulating concentrations of vitamin E isomers: Association with bone turnover and arterial stiffness in post-menopausal women. Bone 2015; 81:407-412. [PMID: 26271527 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular and bone health are conflicting with beneficial and detrimental findings reported. To investigate this further, we carried out a cross-sectional study to determine the relationship between circulating concentrations of the 2 vitamin E isomers, α- and γ-tocopherol (TP) with bone turnover and arterial stiffness. Two hundred and seventy eight post-menopausal women with mean age [SD] 60.9 [6.0] years were studied. Fasting serum α-TP and γ-TP, bone turnover markers; procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX), parathyroid hormone (PTH), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were measured. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central augmentation index (AI) as markers of arterial stiffness were also determined. A positive correlation was observed between α-TP and γ-TP (r=0.14, p=0.022). A significant negative association between α-TP and P1NP only was seen in multiple linear regression analysis following adjustment for serum TC and TG (p=0.016). In a full multi-linear regression model, following correction for age, years since menopause, smoking habits, alcohol intake, use of calcium supplements, BMI, PTH, serum calcium, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the association between α-TP and P1NP remained significant (p=0.011). We did not observe any significant association between γ-TP or α-TP/γ-TP ratio with P1NP or CTX. P1NP was significantly lower in subjects with α-TP concentrations of >30 μmol/L (α-TP >30 μmol/L; P1NP: 57.5 [20.7], α-TP<30 μmol/L; P1NP: 65.7 [24.9] μg/L, p=0.005). PWV was significantly associated with α-TP/γ-TP ratio (p=0.04) but not with serum α-TP or γ-TP in a full multi-linear regression model adjusting for serum lipids, age, and blood pressure. The data suggest that high serum concentrations of α-TP may have a negative effect on bone formation. The balance of α-TP and γ-TP may be important in maintaining arterial compliance. Longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the impact of the vitamin E isomers on bone and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hampson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7 EH, UK; Osteoporosis Unit, King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - S Edwards
- Osteoporosis Unit, King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - A Sankaralingam
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7 EH, UK
| | - D J Harrington
- Nutristasis Laboratory, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - K Voong
- Nutristasis Laboratory, Viapath, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - I Fogelman
- Osteoporosis Unit, King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - M L Frost
- Osteoporosis Unit, King's College London, Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
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Lee B, Oh SW, Myung SK. Efficacy of Vitamin C Supplements in Prevention of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Korean J Fam Med 2015; 36:278-85. [PMID: 26634093 PMCID: PMC4666862 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.6.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between vitamin C supplementation and the risk of cancer. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of RCTs to investigate the efficacy of vitamin C supplements for prevention of cancer. We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases in November 2014 using common keywords related to vitamin C supplements and cancer. RESULTS Among 785 articles, a total of seven trials were identified, which included 62,619 participants; 31,326 and 31,293 were randomized to vitamin C supplementation and control or placebo groups, respectively, which were included in the final analysis. A fixed-effects meta-analysis of all seven RCTs revealed no significant association between vitamin C supplementation and cancer (relative risk, 1.00; 95% confidence intervals, 0.95-1.05). Similarly, subgroup meta-analysis by dose of vitamin C administered singly or in combination with other supplements, follow-up period, methodological quality, cancer mortality, gender, smoking status, country, and type of cancer also showed no efficacy of vitamin C supplementation for cancer prevention. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows that there is no evidence to support the use of vitamin C supplements for prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobae Lee
- Huntington University, Huntington, USA. ; Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA (Present)
| | - Seung-Won Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Kwon Myung
- Department of Cancer Control and Policy, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Korea. ; Department of Family Medicine and Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Abe-Matsumoto LT, Sampaio GR, Bastos DHM. [Vitamin and mineral supplements: regulation, consumption, and health implications]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2015; 31:1371-80. [PMID: 26248093 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00177814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient supplementation to reduce nutritional deficiencies has grown in recent years due to changes in the population's dietary patterns. Widespread preoccupation with health, ease in marketing vitamin and mineral supplements, and strong advertising appeal have encouraged increasing consumption of these products, thereby posing health risks. The current study addresses legislation, consumption, and health risks related to vitamin and mineral supplements in Brazil. The Brazilian legislation on dietary supplements is complex. Studies on their consumption by the Brazilian population are limited, and inappropriate use due to gaps in knowledge poses a potential health risk to the population. The study concludes that public policies are needed to raise awareness on this topic among the general public, health professionals, and sales personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deborah H M Bastos
- Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
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Tang C, Amin D, Messersmith PB, Anthony JE, Prud’homme RK. Polymer directed self-assembly of pH-responsive antioxidant nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:3612-20. [PMID: 25760226 PMCID: PMC4679371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have developed pH-responsive, multifunctional nanoparticles based on encapsulation of an antioxidant, tannic acid (TA), using flash nanoprecipitation, a polymer directed self-assembly method. Formation of insoluble coordination complexes of tannic acid and iron during mixing drives nanoparticle assembly. Tuning the core material to polymer ratio, the size of the nanoparticles can be readily tuned between 50 and 265 nm. The resulting nanoparticle is pH-responsive, i.e., stable at pH 7.4 and soluble under acidic conditions due to the nature of the coordination complex. Further, the coordination complex can be coprecipitated with other hydrophobic materials such as therapeutics or imaging agents. For example, coprecipitation with a hydrophobic fluorescent dye creates fluorescent nanoparticles. In vitro, the nanoparticles have low cytotoxicity and show antioxidant activity. Therefore, these particles may facilitate intracellular delivery of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Devang Amin
- Biomedical Engineering Department Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 United States
| | - Phillip B. Messersmith
- Biomedical Engineering Department Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 United States
- Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering University of California, Berkeley 210 Hearst Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720 United States
| | - John E. Anthony
- Department of Chemistry University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506, United States
| | - Robert K. Prud’homme
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
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Kim D, Park GB, Hur DY. Apoptotic signaling through reactive oxygen species in cancer cells. World J Immunol 2014; 4:158-173. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v4.i3.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) take part in diverse biological processes like cell growth, programmed cell death, cell senescence, and maintenance of the transformed state through regulation of signal transduction. Cancer cells adapt to new higher ROS circumstance. Sometimes, ROS induce cancer cell proliferation. Meanwhile, elevated ROS render cancer cells vulnerable to oxidative stress-induced cell death. However, this prominent character of cancer cells allows acquiring a resistance to oxidative stress conditions relative to normal cells. Activated signaling pathways that increase the level of intracellular ROS in cancer cells not only render up-regulation of several genes involved in cellular proliferation and evasion of apoptosis but also cause cancer cells and cancer stem cells to develop a high metabolic rate. In over the past several decades, many studies have indicated that ROS play a critical role as the secondary messenger of tumorigenesis and metastasis in cancer from both in vitro and in vivo. Here we summarize the role of ROS and anti-oxidants in contributing to or preventing cancer. In addition, we review the activated signaling pathways that make cancer cells susceptible to death.
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Thiruppathi E, Mani G. Vitamin-C delivery from CoCr alloy surfaces using polymer-free and polymer-based platforms for cardiovascular stent applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:6237-6249. [PMID: 24832897 DOI: 10.1021/la501448h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antiproliferative drugs such as paclitaxel and sirolimus are delivered from stents to inhibit the growth of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) for preventing neointimal hyperplasia. However, these drugs delay the growth of endothelial cells (ECs) as well and cause late stent thrombosis. We recently demonstrated the use of Vitamin-C (l-ascorbic acid, l-AA) over paclitaxel and sirolimus for inhibiting SMCs growth and promoting EC growth simultaneously. In this study, we have investigated the delivery of l-AA from CoCr alloy surfaces for potential use in stents. A polymer-free phosphoric acid (PA) platform and a polymer-based poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) platform were used for coating l-AA onto CoCr surfaces. For the PA platform, FTIR confirmed that the PA was coated on CoCr, while the AFM showed that the PA coating on the CoCr surface was homogeneous. The successful deposition of l-AA on PA-coated CoCr was also confirmed by FTIR. The uniform distribution of l-AA crystals on PA-coated CoCr was shown by SEM, optical profilometer, and AFM. The drug release studies showed that l-AA (276 μg/cm(2)) was burst released from the PA platform by 1 h. For the PLGA platform, SEM showed that the l-AA incorporated polymer films were smoothly and uniformly coated on CoCr. FTIR showed that l-AA was incorporated into the bulk of the PLGA film. DSC showed that the l-AA was present in an amorphous form and formed an intermolecular bonding interaction with PLGA. The drug release studies showed that l-AA was sustained released from the PLGA coated CoCr for up to 24 h. The SEM, FTIR, and DSC characterizations of samples collected post drug release shed light on the mechanism of l-AA release from PLGA coated CoCr. Thus, this study demonstrated the delivery of l-AA from biomaterial surfaces for potential applications in stents and other implantable medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eagappanath Thiruppathi
- Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of South Dakota , 4800 North Career Avenue, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57107, United States
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Sun M, Nie S, Pan X, Zhang R, Fan Z, Wang S. Quercetin-nanostructured lipid carriers: Characteristics and anti-breast cancer activities in vitro. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 113:15-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bentsen H, Osnes K, Refsum H, Solberg DK, Bøhmer T. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of an omega-3 fatty acid and vitamins E+C in schizophrenia. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e335. [PMID: 24346133 PMCID: PMC3906471 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane lipid metabolism and redox regulation may be disturbed in schizophrenia. We examined the clinical effect of adding an omega-3 fatty acid and/or vitamins E+C to antipsychotics. It was hypothesized that lower baseline levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) would predict more benefit from the add-on treatment. The trial had a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2 × 2 factorial design. Patients aged 18-39 years with schizophrenia or related psychoses were consecutively included at admission to psychiatric departments in Norway. They received active or placebo ethyl-eicosapentaenoate (EPA) 2 g day⁻¹ and active or placebo vitamin E 364 mg day⁻¹+vitamin C 1000 mg day⁻¹ (vitamins) for 16 weeks. The main outcome measures were Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and subscales scores, analyzed by linear mixed models. Ninety-nine patients were included. At baseline, erythrocyte PUFA were measured in 97 subjects. Given separately, EPA and vitamins increased drop-out rates, whereas when combined they did not differ from placebo. In low PUFA patients, EPA alone impaired the course of total PANSS (Cohen's d=0.29; P=0.03) and psychotic symptoms (d=0.40; P=0.003), especially persecutory delusions (d=0.48; P=0.0004). Vitamins alone impaired the course of psychotic symptoms (d= 0.37; P=0.005), especially persecutory delusions (d=0.47; P=0.0005). Adding vitamins to EPA neutralized the detrimental effect on psychosis (interaction d=0.31; P=0.02). In high PUFA patients, there were no significant effects of trial drugs on PANSS scales. In conclusion, given separately during an acute episode, EPA and vitamins E+C induce psychotic symptoms in patients with low levels of PUFA. Combined, these agents seem safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Bentsen
- Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Division of Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway,Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, P.o.b. 85, Vinderen, Oslo 0319, Norway. E-mail:
| | - K Osnes
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Refsum
- Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - D K Solberg
- Center for Psychopharmacology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Bøhmer
- Nutritional Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway
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Glickman-Simon R, Alper BS. Acupuncture for PTSD, naturopathy for cardiovascular risk; yoga for osteoarthritis; chasteberry for PMS; and antioxidants for cardiovascular events. Explore (NY) 2013; 9:385-8. [PMID: 24199780 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Rezaire A, Robinson JC, Bereau D, Verbaere A, Sommerer N, Khan MK, Durand P, Prost E, Fils-Lycaon B. Amazonian palm Oenocarpus bataua ("patawa"): chemical and biological antioxidant activity--phytochemical composition. Food Chem 2013; 149:62-70. [PMID: 24295677 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In French Guiana, "diversity" within the Palm family is obvious since more than 75 species have been identified. Oenocarpus bataua Mart., called "patawa" is well known for its culinary uses whereas literature on its phytochemical composition and biological properties remains poor. This work deals with determining the antioxidant activity of this palm fruit and its polyphenol composition; Euterpe oleracea (açai) used as a reference. It turned out that patawa had a stronger antioxidant activity than açai in TEAC and FRAP tests. A similar activity was observed by DPPH assay whereas in ORAC and KRL tests, that açai showed an antioxidant activity respectively 2.6 and 1.5 fold higher than patawa. Polyphenolic composition, determined by UPLC/MS(n), would imply the presence of anthocyanins, condensed tannins, stilbenes and phenolic acids, well known for their biological activities. These results present patawa fruit as a new amazonian resource for cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rezaire
- Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, UMR QUALITROP, campus universitaire de Troubiran, P.O. Box 792, 97337 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana, France
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41
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Stancu CS, Sanda GM, Deleanu M, Sima AV. Probiotics determine hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in hyperlipidemic hamsters. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 58:559-68. [PMID: 24105997 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and the oxidative stress are among the known risk factors of atherosclerosis. Our aim was to assess the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of a probiotic mix (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium animalis) in hyperlipidemic hamsters (HL). METHODS AND RESULTS Male Golden Syrian hamsters developed hyperlipidemia after 21 weeks of fat diet. For the last 5 weeks of experiment, ten HL were treated with the probiotic mix (HLP), ten received water (HL). Ten animals received standard chow (N). Increase of plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), oxidized LDL, glucose, of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in plasma, liver, and myocardium, and of intestinal Niemann Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) and microsomal TG transfer protein (MTTP) expression was observed in HL versus N. The probiotic mix decreased plasma TC, TG, PL, oxidized LDL, 4-HNE, and glucose levels and increased paraoxonase-1 activity, decreased NPC1L1 and MTTP protein expression compared to HL. In HLP liver, a significant reduction of TC, TG, and fatty acids was observed. PL increased and 4-HNE levels decreased in the liver and myocardium of HLP versus HL. CONCLUSION Our data support the administration of probiotics to humans because of their hypolipidemic (through decreasing intestinal NPC1L1 and MTTP) and antioxidant effects (stimulating HDL-associated paraoxonase-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Sorina Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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42
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Delemasure S, Blaes N, Richard C, Couture R, Bader M, Dutartre P, Girolami JP, Connat JL, Rochette L. Antioxidant/oxidant status and cardiac function in bradykinin B(1)- and B(2)-receptor null mice. Physiol Res 2013; 62:511-7. [PMID: 24020815 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinin-vasoactive peptides activate two G-protein-coupled receptors (R), B(1)R (inducible) and B(2)R (constitutive). Their complex role in cardiovascular diseases could be related to differential actions on oxidative stress. This study investigated impacts of B(1)R or B(2)R gene deletion in mice on the cardiac function and plasma antioxidant and oxidant status. Echocardiography-Doppler was performed in B(1)R (B(1)R(-/-)) and B(2)R (B(2)R(-/-)) deficient and wild type (WT) adult male mice. No functional alteration was observed in B(2)R(-/-) hearts. B(1)R(-/-) mice had significantly lowered fractional shortening and increased isovolumetric contraction time. The diastolic E and A waves velocity ratio was similar in all mice groups. Thus B(1)R(-/-) mice provide a model of moderate systolic dysfunction, whereas B(2)R(-/-) mice displayed a normal cardiac phenotype. Plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC) was significantly decreased in both B(1)R(-/-) and B(2)R(-/-) mice whereas the vitamin C levels were decreased in B(2)R(-/-) mice only. Plasma ascorbyl free radical was significantly higher in B(1)R(-/-) compared to WT and B(2)R(-/-) mice. Therefore, the oxidative stress index, ascorbyl free radical to vitamin C ratio, was increased in both B(1)R(-/-) and B(2)R(-/-) mice. Hence, B(1)R and B(2)R deficiency are associated with increased oxidative stress, but there is a differential imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defense. The interrelationship between the differential B(1)R and B(2)R roles in oxidative stress and cardiovascular diseases remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Delemasure
- COHIRO Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Dijon, France.
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43
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Xue Y, Zheng Y, Zhang L, Wu W, Yu D, Liu Y. Theoretical study on the antioxidant properties of 2'-hydroxychalcones: H-atom vs. electron transfer mechanism. J Mol Model 2013; 19:3851-62. [PMID: 23801254 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-1921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The free radical scavenging activity of six 2'-hydroxychalcones has been studied in gas phase and solvents using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The three main working mechanisms, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), stepwise electron-transfer-proton-transfer (ET-PT) and sequential-proton-loss-electron-transfer (SPLET) have been considered. The O-H bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), ionization potential (IP), proton affinity (PA) and electron transfer energy (ETE) parameters have been computed in gas phase and solvents. The theoretical results confirmed the important role of the B ring in the antioxidant properties of hydroxychalcones. In addition, the calculated results matched well with experimental values. The results suggested that HAT would be the most favorable mechanism for explaining the radical-scavenging activity of hydroxychalcone in gas phase, whereas SPLET mechanism is thermodynamically preferred pathway in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Xue
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center, Xuzhou Medical College, No.209, Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, China.
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44
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Kakade S, Mani G. A comparative study of the effects of vitamin C, sirolimus, and paclitaxel on the growth of endothelial and smooth muscle cells for cardiovascular medical device applications. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2013; 7:529-44. [PMID: 23836963 PMCID: PMC3699137 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s45162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Antiproliferative drugs such as sirolimus (SIR) and paclitaxel (PAT) are currently released from stents and vascular grafts to inhibit the growth of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), thereby preventing neointimal hyperplasia. However, these drugs delay or impair the growth of endothelial cells (ECs) on implant surfaces causing late thrombosis. Hence, there is a need to use alternative drugs in these implants to encourage the growth of ECs and to inhibit the growth of SMCs. Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid [L-AA]) is one such drug which has been shown to encourage EC growth and inhibit SMC growth when orally administered or added directly to the cell cultures. In this research, four sets of in vitro cell culture experiments were carried out to compare the effects of L-AA, SIR, and PAT on the growth of ECs and SMCs under similar conditions, and to compare the effects of different doses of L-AA to determine the optimal dose for promoting maximum EC growth and inhibiting SMC growth. The ECs and SMCs treated with different drugs were characterized for their viability and proliferation, and morphology using the quantitative resazurin assay (as well as qualitative fluorescence microscopy characterization) and phase contrast microscopy, respectively, for up to 7 days. Also, the phenotype of ECs was characterized using immunofluorescence microscopy. Both SIR and PAT significantly inhibited the EC growth while L-AA significantly encouraged EC growth even more than that of the controls with no drugs. Also, L-AA significantly inhibited SMC growth although the inhibitory effect was inferior to that of SIR and PAT. The L-AA dosage study demonstrated that 100 μg and 300 μg of L-AA showed maximum EC growth after 7 days when compared to other dosages (1 μg, 500 μg, and 1000 μg) of L-AA and controls investigated in this study. Also, the 100 μg and 300 μg L-AA doses significantly inhibited the SMC growth. Thus, this study demonstrates that L-AA is a promising drug for potential use in stents and vascular grafts, to promote their endothelialization and inhibit neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kakade
- Biomedical Engineering Program, The University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
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Hegedűs C, Lakatos P, Kiss-Szikszai A, Patonay T, Gergely S, Gregus A, Bai P, Haskó G, Szabó É, Virág L. Cytoprotective dibenzoylmethane derivatives protect cells from oxidative stress-induced necrotic cell death. Pharmacol Res 2013; 72:25-34. [PMID: 23523665 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Screening of a small in-house library of 1863 compounds identified 29 compounds that protected Jurkat cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity. From the cytoprotective compounds eleven proved to possess antioxidant activity (ABTS radical scavenger effect) and two were found to inhibit poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), a cytotoxic pathway operating in severely injured cells. Four cytoprotective dibenzoylmethane (DBM) derivatives were investigated in more detail as they did not scavenge hydrogen peroxide nor did they inhibit PARylation. These compounds protected cells from necrotic cell death while caspase activation, a parameter of apoptotic cell death was not affected. Hydrogen peroxide activated extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and p38 MAP kinases but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The cytoprotective DBMs suppressed the activation of Erk1/2 but not that of p38. Cytoprotection was confirmed in another cell type (A549 lung epithelial cells), indicating that the cytoprotective effect is not cell type specific. In conclusion we identified DBM analogs as a novel class of cytoprotective compounds inhibiting ERK1/2 kinase and protecting from necrotic cell death by a mechanism independent of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Hegedűs
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Bolisetty S, Jaimes EA. Mitochondria and reactive oxygen species: physiology and pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:6306-44. [PMID: 23528859 PMCID: PMC3634422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14036306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The air that we breathe contains nearly 21% oxygen, most of which is utilized by mitochondria during respiration. While we cannot live without it, it was perceived as a bane to aerobic organisms due to the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen metabolites by mitochondria and other cellular compartments. However, this dogma was challenged when these species were demonstrated to modulate cellular responses through altering signaling pathways. In fact, since this discovery of a dichotomous role of reactive species in immune function and signal transduction, research in this field grew at an exponential pace and the pursuit for mechanisms involved began. Due to a significant number of review articles present on the reactive species mediated cell death, we have focused on emerging novel pathways such as autophagy, signaling and maintenance of the mitochondrial network. Despite its role in several processes, increased reactive species generation has been associated with the origin and pathogenesis of a plethora of diseases. While it is tempting to speculate that anti-oxidant therapy would protect against these disorders, growing evidence suggests that this may not be true. This further supports our belief that these reactive species play a fundamental role in maintenance of cellular and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Bolisetty
- Nephrology Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Edgar A. Jaimes
- Nephrology Division, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; E-Mail:
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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Khurana S, Piche M, Hollingsworth A, Venkataraman K, Tai TC. Oxidative stress and cardiovascular health: therapeutic potential of polyphenols. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:198-212. [PMID: 23537433 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in normal cellular function and physiology. However, oxidative stress resulting from an accumulation of ROS has a detrimental impact on cellular function, and ROS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. This review provides a summary of the impact of ROS on cardiovascular health and diseases, highlighting the therapeutic use of antioxidants. In addition, this review summarizes the health benefits of polyphenols, and the recent progress on understanding the cellular and physiological actions by which polyphenols may impart their beneficial properties on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Khurana
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
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48
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Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of oxidative stress-induced cardiovascular dysfunctions. Future Med Chem 2013; 5:465-78. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.13.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a growing major global health problem. Our understanding of the mechanisms of pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases has been gaining significant advances and a wealth of knowledge implicates oxidative stress as a key causative agent. However, to date, most efforts to treat heart failure using conventional antioxidant therapies have been less than encouraging. With increasing incidences of cardiovascular disease in young as well as in aging populations, and the problem of long-term diminishing efficacy of conventional therapeutics, the need for new treatments has never been greater. In this review, a variety of therapeutic targets and compounds applied to treat cardiovascular diseases via inhibition of oxidative stress are presented.
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49
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Myung SK, Ju W, Cho B, Oh SW, Park SM, Koo BK, Park BJ. Efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2013; 346:f10. [PMID: 23335472 PMCID: PMC3548618 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. DESIGN Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov searched in June and November 2012. Two authors independently reviewed and selected eligible randomised controlled trials, based on predetermined selection criteria. RESULTS Out of 2240 articles retrieved from databases and relevant bibliographies, 50 randomised controlled trials with 294,478 participants (156,663 in intervention groups and 137,815 in control groups) were included in the final analyses. In a fixed effect meta-analysis of the 50 trials, supplementation with vitamins and antioxidants was not associated with reductions in the risk of major cardiovascular events (relative risk 1.00, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.02; I(2)=42%). Overall, there was no beneficial effect of these supplements in the subgroup meta-analyses by type of prevention, type of vitamins and antioxidants, type of cardiovascular outcomes, study design, methodological quality, duration of treatment, funding source, provider of supplements, type of control, number of participants in each trial, and supplements given singly or in combination with other supplements. Among the subgroup meta-analyses by type of cardiovascular outcomes, vitamin and antioxidant supplementation was associated with a marginally increased risk of angina pectoris, while low dose vitamin B(6) supplementation was associated with a slightly decreased risk of major cardiovascular events. Those beneficial or harmful effects disappeared in subgroup meta-analysis of high quality randomised controlled trials within each category. Also, even though supplementation with vitamin B(6) was associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular death in high quality trials, and vitamin E supplementation with a decreased risk of myocardial infarction, those beneficial effects were seen only in randomised controlled trials in which the supplements were supplied by the pharmaceutical industry. CONCLUSION There is no evidence to support the use of vitamin and antioxidant supplements for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Kwon Myung
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Xue Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Yu D, Zheng Y, An L, Gong X, Liu Y. A DFT study on the structure and radical scavenging activity of newly synthesized hydroxychalcones. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Xue
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Yanli Li
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Ding Yu
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Youguang Zheng
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Lin An
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
| | - Xuedong Gong
- Department of Chemistry; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing Jiangsu 210094 China
| | - Yi Liu
- Chemical and Biological Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
- School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; No.209, Tongshan Road Xuzhou Jiangsu 221004 China
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