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Jyoti, Bhatt D, Kumar S, Maurya A, Pal A, Darokar MP, Bawankule DU, Tandon S. Cu-catalyzed click reaction in synthesis of eugenol derivatives as potent antimalarial agents. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38828834 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2348670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Eugenol(1), a terpenoid found in Ocimum, has various biological activities. The present study aims at extraction, isolation of the plant secondary metabolite eugenol (1), it's derivatisation and structure identification as bioactive molecules. Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity (in-vitro and in-vivo), of a series of fourteen novel eugenol-based 1,2,3-triazole derivatives was done in the present study. Derivatives 5a-5n showed good antimalarial activity against the strain Plasmodium falciparum NF54. Derivative 5 m, IC50 at 2.85 µM was found to be several times better than its precursor 1 (106.82 µM) whereas the derivative 5n showed three fold better activity than compound 1, in vitro. The structure-activity relationship of the synthesised compounds indicated that the presence of triazole ring in eugenol analogues is responsible for their good activity. Compound 5m, was further evaluated for in-vivo antimalarial activity which showed about 79% parasitemia suppression. It is the first report on antimalarial activity of triazole eugenol derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Divya Bhatt
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Aransha Maurya
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Anirban Pal
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Mahendra P Darokar
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar U Bawankule
- Bio-Prospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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2
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Ushasree MV, Jia Q, Do SG, Lee EY. New opportunities and perspectives on biosynthesis and bioactivities of secondary metabolites from Aloe vera. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 72:108325. [PMID: 38395206 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Historically, the genus Aloe has been an indispensable part of both traditional and modern medicine. Decades of intensive research have unveiled the major bioactive secondary metabolites of this plant. Recent pandemic outbreaks have revitalized curiosity in aloe metabolites, as they have proven pharmacokinetic profiles and repurposable chemical space. However, the structural complexity of these metabolites has hindered scientific advances in the chemical synthesis of these compounds. Multi-omics research interventions have transformed aloe research by providing insights into the biosynthesis of many of these compounds, for example, aloesone, aloenin, noreugenin, aloin, saponins, and carotenoids. Here, we summarize the biological activities of major aloe secondary metabolites with a focus on their mechanism of action. We also highlight the recent advances in decoding the aloe metabolite biosynthetic pathways and enzymatic machinery linked with these pathways. Proof-of-concept studies on in vitro, whole-cell, and microbial synthesis of aloe compounds have also been briefed. Research initiatives on the structural modification of various aloe metabolites to expand their chemical space and activity are detailed. Further, the technological limitations, patent status, and prospects of aloe secondary metabolites in biomedicine have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrudulakumari Vasudevan Ushasree
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Qi Jia
- Unigen, Inc., 2121 South street suite 400 Tacoma, Washington 98405, USA
| | - Seon Gil Do
- Naturetech, Inc., 29-8, Yongjeong-gil, Chopyeong-myeon, Jincheon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 27858, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Zahra M, Abrahamse H, George BP. Green nanotech paradigm for enhancing sesquiterpene lactone therapeutics in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116426. [PMID: 38471274 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In the field of cancer therapy, sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) derived from diverse Dicoma species demonstrate noteworthy bioactivity. However, the translation of their full therapeutic potential into clinical applications encounters significant challenges, primarily related to solubility, bioavailability, and precise drug targeting. Despite these obstacles, our comprehensive review introduces an innovative paradigm shift that integrates the inherent therapeutic properties of SLs with the principles of green nanotechnology. To overcome issues of solubility, bioavailability, and targeted drug delivery, eco-friendly strategies are proposed for synthesizing nanocarriers. Green nanotechnology has emerged as a focal point in addressing environmental and health concerns linked to conventional treatments. This progressive approach of green nanotechnology holds promise for the development of safe and sustainable nanomaterials, particularly in the field of drug delivery. This groundbreaking methodology signifies a pioneering advancement in the creation of novel and effective anticancer therapeutics. It holds substantial potential for transforming cancer treatment and advancing the landscape of natural product research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Zahra
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Blassan P George
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 1711, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
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Elmaidomy AH, Abdelmohsen UR, Sayed AM, Altemani FH, Algehainy NA, Soost D, Paululat T, Bringmann G, Mohamed EM. Antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from Citrus aurantifolia peels: a comprehensive in vitro and in silico study. BMC Chem 2024; 18:60. [PMID: 38555456 PMCID: PMC10981828 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Key lime (Citrus aurantifolia L., F. Rutaceae) peels afforded six metabolites, known as methyl isolimonate acetate (1), limonin (2), luteolin (3), 3`-hydroxygenkwanin (4), myricetin (5), and europetin (6). The structures of the isolated compounds were assigned by 1D NMR. In the case of limonin (2), further 1- and 2D NMR experiments were done to further confirm the structure of this most active metabolite. The antiplasmodial properties of the obtained compounds against the pathogenic NF54 strain of Plasmodium falciparum were assessed in vitro. According to antiplasmodial screening, only limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) were effective (IC50 values of 0.2, 3.4, and 5.9 µM, respectively). We explored the antiplasmodial potential of phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels using a stepwise in silico-based analysis. We first identified the unique proteins of P. falciparum that have no homolog in the human proteome, and then performed inverse docking, ΔGBinding calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation to predict the binding affinity and stability of the isolated compounds with these proteins. We found that limonin (2), luteolin (3), and myricetin (5) could interact with 20S a proteasome, choline kinase, and phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, respectively, which are important enzymes for the survival and growth of the parasite. According to our findings, phytochemicals from C. aurantifolia peels can be considered as potential leads for the development of new safe and effective antiplasmodial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer H Elmaidomy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62513, Egypt
| | - Faisal H Altemani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh A Algehainy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Denisa Soost
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Thomas Paululat
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Esraa M Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, MUST, Giza, 12566, Egypt
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Ikome HN, Tamfu AN, Abdou JP, Fouotsa H, Nangmo PK, Lah FCW, Tchinda AT, Ceylan O, Frederich M, Nkengfack AE. Disruption of Biofilm Formation and Quorum Sensing in Pathogenic Bacteria by Compounds from Zanthoxylum Gilletti (De Wild) P.G. Waterman. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6113-6131. [PMID: 36811771 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Microbial resistance is facilitated by biofilm formation and quorum-sensing mediated processes. In this work, the stem bark (ZM) and fruit extracts (ZMFT) of Zanthoxylum gilletii were subjected to column chromatography and afforded lupeol (1), 2,3-epoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyconiferyl alcohol (3), nitidine chloride (4), nitidine (7), sucrose (6) and sitosterol-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). The compounds were characterized using MS and NMR spectral data. The samples were evaluated for antimicrobial, antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities. Highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited by compounds 3, 4 and 7 against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 200 µg/mL), compounds 3 and 4 against Escherichia coli (MIC = 100 µg/mL) and compounds 4 and 7 against Candida albicans (MIC = 50 µg/mL). At MIC and sub-MIC concentrations, all samples inhibited biofilm formation by pathogens and violacein production in C. violaceum CV12472 except compound 6. Good disruption of QS-sensing in C. violaceum revealed by inhibition zone diameters were exhibited by compounds 3 (11.5 ± 0.5 mm), 4 (12.5 ± 1.5 mm), 5 (15.0 ± 0.8 mm), 7 (12.0 ± 1.5 mm) as well as the crude extracts from stem barks (16.5 ± 1.2 mm) and seeds (13.0 ± 1.4 mm). The profound inhibition of quorum sensing mediated processes in test pathogens by compounds 3, 4, 5 and 7 suggests the methylenedioxy- group that these compounds possess as the possible pharmacophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermia Nalova Ikome
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Center for Studies on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Alfred Ngenge Tamfu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48147, Mugla, Turkey.
| | - Jean Pierre Abdou
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, P.O. Box 454, Ngaondere, Cameroon
| | - Hugues Fouotsa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pamela Kemda Nangmo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Center for Studies on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Fidèle Castro Weyepe Lah
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Center for Studies on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Alembert Tiabou Tchinda
- Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Center for Studies on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies (IMPM), P.O. Box 13033, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Ozgur Ceylan
- Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 48147, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Michel Frederich
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicine, CIRM, University of Liege, 4000, Liege, Belgium
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6
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Zulkifli SZ, Pungot NH, Saaidin AS, Jani NA, Mohammat MF. Synthesis and diverse biological activities of substituted indole β-carbolines: a review. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37770197 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2261141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
β-Carboline bearing indole is one of the heterocyclic compounds that play a vital role in medicinal chemistry with various pharmacological effects such as anticancer, anti-acetylcholinesterase, anti-inflammation, antimalarial, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant. Over the last two decades, many studies on the synthesis and biological activity of indole β-carboline compounds have been conducted yet there is no appropriate data summary has been presented. Thus, the goal of this review was to highlight the synthesis pathway and bioactivity of substituted indole β-carboline reported from 2005 to date. In addition, this will encourage further investigation into the synthesis and evaluation of new indole β-carboline, in the hope of contributing to the development of potentially new medications for the treatment of various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Zafirah Zulkifli
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hidayah Pungot
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aimi Suhaily Saaidin
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Akmalazura Jani
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fazli Mohammat
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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7
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Kim PG, Lee A, Shin J, Song E, Koo Y, Mohamed DFMS, Choi S, Hong Y, Song S, Noh I, Kwon JH. Determination of terpene levels after the use of essential oil diffusers in vehicles and studio apartments using passive sampling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:163071. [PMID: 36965723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The exposure levels of selected terpenes (limonene, α- and β-pinenes, and γ-terpinene) emitted by essential oil diffusers in vehicles and studio apartments were assessed using a passive sampling method. A previously developed passive sampler composed of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and adsorbent (ePTFE PS) was enlarged and made wearable. Before field deployment, the sampling performance of the modified ePTFE PS for selected terpenes was compared with that of active sampling in a lab-scale 5 m3 test chamber under constant exposure conditions, supporting that passive sampling provides reasonable estimates of the time-weighted exposure concentration. Fifty volunteers were recruited and asked to wear the ePTFE PS while using an essential oil diffuser inside their own vehicle while commuting and in their studio apartment while sleeping. Terpene levels without an essential oil diffuser were very low in vehicles and 47, 3.6, 1.6, and 0.62 μg m-3 for average concentrations of limonene, α- and β-pinenes, and γ-terpinene in studio apartments, respectively, close to those reported in previous studies. The indoor concentrations of all selected terpenes in vehicles and studio apartments were elevated by the use of essential oil diffusers, especially in vehicles. The average concentration of limonene in vehicles after the use of essential oil diffusers was 11 μg m-3, which was greater than that before use by a factor of 30. Therefore, cautious usage of essential oil diffusers indoors where the volume is limited, such as a vehicle, is needed to reduce exposure to terpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pil-Gon Kim
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Arum Lee
- Department of Consumer Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Shin
- Department of Consumer Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Song
- Department of Consumer Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Koo
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dana Fahad M S Mohamed
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Choi
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Hong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Korea University Sejong Campus, Sejong City 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokho Song
- Bio Division, Environmental Toxicity Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Incheol Noh
- Environment Division, Chemical Analysis Center, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Seoul 08503, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Tian M, Wang W, Ahmad N, Yuan Z, Liang C, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Li C, Zhao C. From medicinal and food homologous biomass to total glycosides in Rehmannia glutinosa leaves extracts: microemulsion-based negative pressure cavitation-assisted extraction. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Habibi P, Shi Y, Fatima Grossi-de-Sa M, Khan I. Plants as Sources of Natural and Recombinant Antimalaria Agents. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:1177-1197. [PMID: 35488142 PMCID: PMC9053566 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is one of the severe infectious diseases that has victimized about half a civilization billion people each year worldwide. The application of long-lasting insecticides is the main strategy to control malaria; however, a surge in antimalarial drug development is also taking a leading role to break off the infections. Although, recurring drug resistance can compromise the efficiency of both conventional and novel antimalarial medicines. The eradication of malaria is significantly contingent on discovering novel potent agents that are low cost and easy to administer. In this context, plant metabolites inhibit malaria infection progression and might potentially be utilized as an alternative treatment for malaria, such as artemisinin. Advances in genetic engineering technology, especially the advent of molecular farming, have made plants more versatile in producing protein drugs (PDs) to treat infectious diseases, including malaria. These recent developments in genetic modifications have enabled the production of native pharmaceutically active compounds and the accumulation of diverse heterologous proteins such as human antibodies, booster vaccines, and many PDs to treat infectious diseases and genetic disorders. This review will discuss the pivotal role of a plant-based production system that expresses natural antimalarial agents or host protein drugs to cure malaria infections. The potential of these natural and induced compounds will support modern healthcare systems in treating malaria infections, especially in developing countries to mitigate human fatalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Habibi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yao Shi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT Plant Stress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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García Díaz J, Tuenter E, Escalona Arranz JC, Llauradó Maury G, Cos P, Pieters L. Antiplasmodial activity of alkaloids from Croton linearis leaves. Exp Parasitol 2022; 236-237:108254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chaturvedi S, Malik MY, Sultana N, Jahan S, Singh S, Taneja I, Raju KSR, Rashid M, Wahajuddin M. Chromatographic separation and estimation of natural antimalarial flavonoids in biological matrices. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-021-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Fadare OA, Omisore NO, Adegbite OB, Awofisayo OA, Ogundolie FA, Adesanwo JK, Obafemi CA. Structure based design, stability study and synthesis of the dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative of the oxidation product of lanosterol as a potential P. falciparum transketolase inhibitor and in-vivo antimalarial study. In Silico Pharmacol 2021; 9:38. [PMID: 34168948 PMCID: PMC8213873 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-021-00097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing resistance to the current antimalarial drugs in the absence of a vaccine can be effectively tackled by identifying new metabolic pathways that are essential to the survival of the malaria parasite and developing new drugs against them. Triterpenes and steroids are the most abundant group of natural products with a great variety of biological activities. However, lanosterol is not known to possess any significant biological activity. In this study the binding and interactions of a dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNP) derivative of lanosterol, LAN (a derivative that incorporates a substantially polar moiety into the steroid) with P. falciparum transketolase was studied by molecular docking and MD simulation with the view to exploit the DNP derivative as a lead in antimalarial chemotherapy development considering that the P. falciparum transketolase (PfTk) is a novel target in antimalarial chemotherapy. The enzyme catalyses the production of ribose sugars needed for nucleic acid synthesis; it lacks a three-dimensional (3D) structure necessary for docking because it is difficult to obtain a crystalline form. A homology model of PfTk was constructed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae transketolase (protein data bank ID of 1TRK) as the template. The compound was observed to have Free Energy of Binding higher than that of the cofactor of the protein (Thiamine Pyrophosphate, TPP) and a synthetic analog (SUBTPP) used as reference compounds after MD Simulation. The compound was synthesized in a two-step, one-pot reaction, utilizing a non-acidic and mild oxidant to oxidize the lanosterol in order to avoid the rearrangement that accompanies the oxidation of sterols using acidic oxidants. The LAN was characterized using IR spectroscopy and NMR experiments and tested in-vivo for its antimalarial chemo suppression using a murine model with Chloroquine as a standard. The LAN at a concentration of 25 mg/kg was found to have a comparable activity with Chloroquine at 10 mg/kg and no mortality was observed among the test animals 24 days post drug administration showing that the compound indeed has potential as an antimalarial agent and a likely inhibitor of PfTk considering that there is a strong agreement between the in-silico results and biological study. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40203-021-00097-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nusrat O. Omisore
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | | | - Oladoja A. Awofisayo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Frank A. Ogundolie
- Enzymology and Enzyme Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | | | - Craig A. Obafemi
- Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Egieyeh S, Malan SF, Christoffels A. Cheminformatics techniques in antimalarial drug discovery and development from natural products 2: Molecular scaffold and machine learning approaches. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A large number of natural products, especially those used in ethnomedicine of malaria, have shown varying in-vitro antiplasmodial activities. Cheminformatics involves the organization, integration, curation, standardization, simulation, mining and transformation of pharmacology data (compounds and bioactivity) into knowledge that can drive rational and viable drug development decisions. This chapter will review the application of two cheminformatics techniques (including molecular scaffold analysis and bioactivity predictive modeling via Machine learning) to natural products with in-vitro and in-vivo antiplasmodial activities in order to facilitate their development into antimalarial drug candidates and design of new potential antimalarial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Egieyeh
- School of Pharmacy , University of the Western Cape Faculty of Natural Science , Belville , South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute , University of the Western Cape Faculty of Natural Science , Belville , South Africa
| | - Sarel F. Malan
- School of Pharmacy , University of the Western Cape Faculty of Natural Science , Belville , South Africa
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute , University of the Western Cape Faculty of Natural Science , Belville , South Africa
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Antileishmanial Activity of Lignans, Neolignans, and Other Plant Phenols. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 115:115-176. [PMID: 33797642 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64853-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites (SM) from organisms have served medicinal chemists over the past two centuries as an almost inexhaustible pool of new drugs, drug-like skeletons, and chemical probes that have been used in the "hunt" for new biologically active molecules with a "beneficial effect on human mind and body." Several secondary metabolites, or their derivatives, have been found to be the answer in the quest to search for new approaches to treat or even eradicate many types of diseases that oppress humanity. A special place among SM is occupied by lignans and neolignans. These phenolic compounds are generated biosynthetically via radical coupling of two phenylpropanoid monomers, and are known for their multitarget activity and low toxicity. The disadvantage of the relatively low specificity of phenylpropanoid-based SM turns into an advantage when structural modifications of these skeletons are made. Indeed, phenylpropanoid-based SM previously have proven to offer great potential as a starting point in drug development. Compounds such as Warfarin® (a coumarin-based anticoagulant) as well as etoposide and teniposide (podophyllotoxin-based anticancer drugs) are just a few examples. At the beginning of the third decade of the twenty-first century, the call for the treatment of more than a dozen rare or previously "neglected" diseases remains for various reasons unanswered. Leishmaniasis, a neglected disease that desperately needs new ways of treatment, is just one of these. This disease is caused by more than 20 leishmanial parasites that are pathogenic to humans and are spread by as many as 800 sandfly species across subtropical areas of the world. With continuing climate changes, the presence of Leishmania parasites and therefore leishmaniasis, the disease caused by these parasites, is spreading from previous locations to new areas. Thus, leishmaniasis is affecting each year a larger proportion of the world's population. The choice of appropriate leishmaniasis treatment depends on the severity of the disease and its form of manifestation. The success of current drug therapy is often limited, due in most cases to requiring long hospitalization periods (weeks to months) and the toxicity (side effects) of administered drugs, in addition to the increasing resistance of the parasites to treatment. It is thus important to develop new drugs and treatments that are less toxic, can overcome drug resistance, and require shorter periods of treatment. These aspects are especially important for the populations of developing countries. It was reported that several phenylpropanoid-based secondary metabolites manifest interesting antileishmanial activities and are used by various indigenous people to treat leishmaniasis. In this chapter, the authors shed some light on the various biological activities of phenylpropanoid natural products, with the main focus being on their possible applications in the context of antileishmanial treatment.
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Manya MH, Keymeulen F, Ngezahayo J, Bakari AS, Kalonda ME, Kahumba BJ, Duez P, Stévigny C, Lumbu SJB. Antimalarial herbal remedies of Bukavu and Uvira areas in DR Congo: An ethnobotanical survey. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112422. [PMID: 31765762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The main objective of the present study was to collect and gather information on herbal remedies traditionally used for the treatment of malaria in Bukavu and Uvira, two towns of the South Kivu province in DRC. MATERIAL AND METHODS Direct interview with field enquiries allowed collecting ethnobotanical data; for each plant, a specimen was harvested in the presence of the interviewed traditional healers (THs). The recorded information included vernacular names, morphological parts of plants, methods of preparation and administration of remedies, dosage and treatment duration. Plants were identified with the help of botanists in the herbaria of INERA/KIPOPO (DRC) and the Botanic Garden of Meise (Belgium), where voucher specimens have been deposited. The results were analysed and discussed in the context of previous published data. RESULTS Interviewees cited 45 plant species belonging to 41 genera and 21 families used for the treatment of malaria. These plants are used in the preparation of 52 recipes, including 25 multi-herbal recipes and 27 mono-herbal recipes. Apart of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae; % Citation frequency = 34%) and Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae; % Citation frequency = 34%), the study has highlighted that the most represented families are Asteraceae with 12 species (26%), followed by Fabaceae with 7 species (16%) and Rubiaceae with 4 species (9%). For a majority of plants, herbal medicines are prepared from the leaves in the form of decoction and administered by oral route. CONCLUSION Literature data indicate that part of cited species are already known (38%) and/or studied (30%) for antimalarial properties, which gives credit to the experience of Bukavu and Uvira interviewees and some level of confidence on collected information. The highly cited plants should be investigated in details for the isolation and identification of active ingredients, a contribution to the discovery of new possibly effective antimalarials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mboni Henry Manya
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Congo; Service de Chimie Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Congo; Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine - CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Flore Keymeulen
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine - CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jérémie Ngezahayo
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine - CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amuri Salvius Bakari
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Congo
| | - Mutombo Emery Kalonda
- Service de Chimie Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Congo
| | - Byanga Joh Kahumba
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Congo
| | - Pierre Duez
- Service de Chimie Thérapeutique et de Pharmacognosie, Université de Mons (UMONS), 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Caroline Stévigny
- Unité de Pharmacognosie, Bioanalyse et Médicaments, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine - CP205/9, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Simbi Jean-Baptiste Lumbu
- Service de Chimie Organique, Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Lubumbashi, BP. 1825, Lubumbashi, Congo
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Effect of Formulated Artocarpus champeden Extract on Parasite Growth and Immune Response of Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4678634. [PMID: 32190083 PMCID: PMC7066425 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4678634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background The ethanol extract of Artocarpus champeden stem bark (ACEE) has been proven to exhibit antimalarial activity. Despite the antimalarial effects observed, mechanisms of immune response to explain the antimalarial activity of ACEE remain poorly characterized. Here, we show the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines T helper 1 (Th1: IFN-γ, TNF-α) and T helper 2 (Th2: IL-10) from Plasmodium berghei-infected mice treated with formulated ACEE in order to better characterize the mechanism behind ACEE's antimalarial activity. In addition, we have also determined the effect of formulated ACEE on parasite growth and liver function. Methods Balb/c mice were infected with P. berghei strain ANKA and then administered daily doses of ACEE at a dose of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW, and survival time was recorded. We determined the presence of P. berghei strain ANKA and then administered daily doses of ACEE at a dose of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW, and survival time was recorded. We determined the presence of P. berghei strain ANKA and then administered daily doses of ACEE at a dose of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW, and survival time was recorded. We determined the presence of γ, TNF-α) and T helper 2 (Th2: IL-10) from Results We found that formulated ACEE inhibited parasite growth and showed the highest antimalarial activity at 100 mg/kg BW. AST and ALT levels were found to be in the normal range, and there was no significant difference among control and treatment groups (P > 0.05). Infected mice treated with formulated ACEE showed a significant increase in the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α) and T helper 2 (Th2: IL-10) from Conclusion This study suggests that the administration of ACEE was effective in inhibiting P. berghei strain ANKA and then administered daily doses of ACEE at a dose of 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg BW, and survival time was recorded. We determined the presence of γ, TNF-α) and T helper 2 (Th2: IL-10) from
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Tajuddeen N, Van Heerden FR. Antiplasmodial natural products: an update. Malar J 2019; 18:404. [PMID: 31805944 PMCID: PMC6896759 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in regions of the world where it is endemic. An unprecedented decline in malaria incidences was recorded during the last decade due to the availability of effective control interventions, such as the deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapy and insecticide-treated nets. However, according to the World Health Organization, malaria is staging a comeback, in part due to the development of drug resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new anti-malarial drugs. This article reviews the literature on natural products with antiplasmodial activity that was reported between 2010 and 2017. Methods Relevant literature was sourced by searching the major scientific databases, including Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SciFinder, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, using appropriate keyword combinations. Results and Discussion A total of 1524 compounds from 397 relevant references, assayed against at least one strain of Plasmodium, were reported in the period under review. Out of these, 39% were described as new natural products, and 29% of the compounds had IC50 ≤ 3.0 µM against at least one strain of Plasmodium. Several of these compounds have the potential to be developed into viable anti-malarial drugs. Also, some of these compounds could play a role in malaria eradication by targeting gametocytes. However, the research into natural products with potential for blocking the transmission of malaria is still in its infancy stage and needs to be vigorously pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Tajuddeen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
| | - Fanie R Van Heerden
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
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Abstract
Terpenes, also known as terpenoids are the largest and most diverse group of naturally occurring compounds. Based on the number of isoprene units they have, they are classified as mono, di, tri, tetra, and sesquiterpenes. They are mostly found in plants and form the major constituent of essential oils from plants. Among the natural products that provide medical benefits for an organism, terpenes play a major and variety of roles. The common plant sources of terpenes are tea, thyme, cannabis, Spanish sage, and citrus fruits (e.g., lemon, orange, mandarin). Terpenes have a wide range of medicinal uses among which antiplasmodial activity is notable as its mechanism of action is similar to the popular antimalarial drug in use—chloroquine. Monoterpenes specifically are widely studied for their antiviral property. With growing incidents of cancer and diabetes in modern world, terpenes also have the potential to serve as anticancer and antidiabetic reagents. Along with these properties, terpenes also allow for flexibility in route of administration and suppression of side effects. Certain terpenes were widely used in natural folk medicine. One such terpene is curcumin which holds anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antiseptic, antiplasmodial, astringent, digestive, diuretic, and many other properties. Curcumin has also become a recent trend in healthy foods and open doors for several medical researches. This chapter summarizes the various terpenes, their sources, medicinal properties, mechanism of action, and the recent studies that are underway for designing terpenes as a lead molecule in the modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Joshee
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA USA
| | - Sadanand A. Dhekney
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD USA
| | - Prahlad Parajuli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI USA
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Evaluation of the Bioactivities of Rumex crispus L. Leaves and Root Extracts Using Toxicity, Antimicrobial, and Antiparasitic Assays. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:6825297. [PMID: 31827556 PMCID: PMC6885263 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6825297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Traditional folks in different parts of the world use Rumex crispus L. for the treatment of microbial infections, malaria, and sleeping sickness in the form of decoction or tincture. In the search for a natural alternative remedy, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, and antiplasmodial efficacy and the toxicity of R. crispus extracts. Antimicrobial potency of the extracts was evaluated using the agar dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antitrypanosomal activity of the extracts was evaluated with the Trypanosoma brucei brucei model while the antimalaria potency was tested using Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain. Toxicity was then tested with brine shrimp assay and cytotoxicity (HeLa cells). The acetone extract of the root (RT-ACE) reveals the highest antimicrobial potency with the lowest MIC value of <1.562 mg/mL for all bacteria strains and also showed high potent against fungi. RT-ACE (IC50: 13 μg/mL) and methanol extract of the leaf (LF-MEE; IC50: 15 μg/mL) show a strong inhibition of P. falciparum. The ethanol extract of the root (RT-ETE: IC50: 9.7 μg/mL) reveals the highest inhibition of T.b. brucei parasite. RT-ETE and RT-ACE were found to have the highest toxicity in brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) and cytotoxicity which correlates in the two assays. This research revealed Rumex crispus has potency against microorganisms, Trypanosoma, and Plasmodium and could be a potential source for the treatment of these diseases.
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Muluye AB, Desta AG, Abate SK, Dano GT. Anti-malarial activity of the root extract of Euphorbia abyssinica (Euphorbiaceae) against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. Malar J 2019; 18:261. [PMID: 31362744 PMCID: PMC6668069 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 200 medicinal plants including Euphorbia abyssinica are utilized for treatment of malaria in Ethiopian traditional medical practices. However, the safety, efficacy and quality of these medicinal plants are largely unknown. Pharmacological and toxicological investigations of these plants are among the prioritized issues in every country. The aim of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the anti-malarial activity of Euphorbia abyssinica root extract against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice. METHODS The fresh roots of Euphorbia abyssinica were identified and collected. They were dried and extracted by 80% methanol using maceration. Acute toxicity of the extract was done using female Swiss albino mice. Anti-malarial activity of the extract was done by a standard 4-day suppressive test using chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei. Twenty-five male Swiss albino mice were randomly grouped into 5 groups of 5 mice each. Group I was treated with distilled water (10 ml/kg), group II, III, and IV were treated with 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of extract, respectively and group V was treated with chloroquine (25 mg/kg). The level of parasitaemia, survival time, and variation in weight were utilized to determine the anti-malarial activity of the extract. Data was analysed using ANOVA followed by Tukey test. RESULTS The plant extract did not show any sign of toxicity and mortality at 2000 mg/kg. The 4-day chemosuppressive anti-malarial activities produced by the crude extract were 66.87% (P < 0.001), 84.94% (P < 0.001) and 93.69% (P < 0.001) at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg extract, respectively, compared to distilled water treated group. Mice treated with 400 mg/kg (P < 0.01), and 600 mg/kg extract (P < 0.001) showed significant chemosuppressive anti-malarial activity variations as compared to mice treated with 200 mg/kg extract. Mice treated with 600 mg/kg extract significantly (P < 0.001) lived longer than distilled water treated mice. However, the crude extract did not cause any significant change on body weights of mice. CONCLUSIONS From this study, it can be concluded that the root of Euphorbia abyssinica showed very good 4-day chemosuppressive anti-malarial activity. The plant might contain biologically active compounds which are relevant for treatment of malaria. Further phytochemical, toxicological and pharmacological investigations are, therefore, required to evaluate its anti-malarial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrham Belachew Muluye
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Ashenafi Genanew Desta
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Selamu Kebamo Abate
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Wachamo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Gemechu Tiruneh Dano
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia
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Synthesis of thymol-based pyrazolines: An effort to perceive novel potent-antimalarials. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.102933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li Z, Ruan JY, Sun F, Yan JJ, Wang JL, Zhang ZX, Zhang Y, Wang T. Relationship between Structural Characteristics and Plant Sources along with Pharmacology Research of Quassinoids. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:654-665. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c18-00958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jing-ya Ruan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Fan Sun
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jie-jing Yan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jian-li Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zi-xin Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Obbo CJD, Kariuki ST, Gathirwa JW, Olaho-Mukani W, Cheplogoi PK, Mwangi EM. In vitro antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities of selected medicinal plants from Ugandan flora: Refocusing into multi-component potentials. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 229:127-136. [PMID: 30273736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Seven medicinal plants from Ugandan flora, namely Entada abyssinica, Khaya anthotheca, Vernonia amygdalina, Baccharoides adoensis, Schkuhria pinnata, Entandropragma utile and Momordica foetida, were selected in this study. They are used to treat conditions and infections ranging from inflammations, pains and fevers to viruses, bacteria, protozoans and parasites. Two of the plants, V. amygdalina and M. foetida, are also used as human food or relish, while others are important in ethnoveterinary practices and in zoopharmacognosy in the wild. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activities, along with cytotoxicity of the multi-component extracts of these plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different parts of the plants were prepared and serially extracted with hexane, petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and double distilled water. Solvent free extracts were assayed for in vitro inhibition against four reference parasite strains, Plasmodium falciparum (K1), Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (STIB 900), Trypanosoma cruzi (Talahuen C2C4) and Leishmania donovani (MHOM-ET-67/L82) using standard methods. Toxicity was assessed against L6 skeletal fibroblast and mouse peritoneal macrophage (J774) cells and selectivity indices (SIs) calculated for the most active extracts. RESULTS The strongest activities, demonstrating median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ≤ 2 μg/ml, were observed for the dichloromethane and petroleum ether extracts of K. anthotheca, B. adoensis and S. pinnata. Overall, IC50 values ranged from < 1 μg/ml to > 90 μg/ml. Out of 22 extracts demonstrating IC50s < 20 μg/ml, seven were against T. b. rhodesiense (IC50: 1.6-16.2 μg/ml), six against T. cruzi (IC50: 2.1-18.57 μg/ml), none against L. donovani (IC50: falling > 3.3 and >10 μg/ml), and nine against P. falciparum (IC50: 0.96 μg/ml to 4.69 μg/ml). Selectivity indices (SI) calculated for the most active extracts ranged from <1.00 to 94.24. However, the B. adoensis leaf dichloromethane extract (a) was equipotent (IC50 = 3.3 μg/ml) against L. donovani and L6 cells respectively, indicating non-specific selection. Trypanosome and Plasmodium parasites were comparatively more sensitive to the test extracts. CONCLUSIONS The benefits achieved from the seven tested plant species as traditional ethnomedicinal and ethnoveterinary therapies or in zoopharmacognosy against infections and conditions of animals in the wild are strongly supported by results of this study. The synergy of plant extracts, so achieved by concerted actions of the ligands, produces adequate perturbation of targets in the four parasite genera, resulting in the strong potencies exhibited by low IC50 values. The total inhibitory effect, achieved as a sum of perturbations contributed by each participating compound in the extract, minimises toxic effects of the compounds as seen in the high SI's obtained with some extracts. Those extracts demonstrating SI ≥ 4 form promising candidates for further cell-based and system pharmacology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J D Obbo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Njoro, Kenya; Department of Biological Sciences, Kyambogo University, Post Box 1, Kyambogo, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - S T Kariuki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Njoro, Kenya
| | - J W Gathirwa
- Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), P.O. Box 54840, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
| | - W Olaho-Mukani
- African Union-Interafrican Bureau for Animal Resources, P.O. Box 30786, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P K Cheplogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Njoro, Kenya.
| | - E M Mwangi
- Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Njoro, Kenya
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Manhas A, Lone MY, Jha PC. Multicomplex-based pharmacophore modeling in conjunction with multi-target docking and molecular dynamics simulations for the identification of PfDHFR inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4181-4199. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1540362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anu Manhas
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohsin Y. Lone
- School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Prakash C. Jha
- Centre for Applied Chemistry, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Predictive classifier models built from natural products with antimalarial bioactivity using machine learning approach. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204644. [PMID: 30265702 PMCID: PMC6161899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the vast number of natural products with potential antiplasmodial bioactivity and cost of conducting antiplasmodial bioactivity assays, it may be judicious to learn from previous antiplasmodial bioassays and predict bioactivity of these natural products before experimental bioassays. This study set out to harness antimalarial bioactivity data of natural products to build accurate predictive models, utilizing classical machine learning approaches, which can find potential antimalarial hits from new sets of natural products. Classical machine learning approaches were used to build four classifier models (Naïve Bayesian, Voted Perceptron, Random Forest and Sequence Minimization Optimization of Support Vector Machines) from bioactivity data of natural products with in-vitro antiplasmodial activity (NAA) using a combination of the molecular descriptors and two-dimensional molecular fingerprints of the compounds. Models were evaluated with an independent test dataset. Possible chemical features associated with reported antimalarial activities of the compounds were also extracted. From the results, Random Forest (accuracy 82.81%, Kappa statistics 0.65 and Area under Receiver Operating Characteristics curve 0.91) and Sequential Minimization Optimization (accuracy 85.93%, Kappa statistics 0.72 and Area under Receiver Operating Characteristics curve 0.86) showed good predictive performance for the NAA dataset. The amine chemical group (specifically alkyl amines and basic nitrogen) was confirmed to be essential for antimalarial activity in active NAA dataset. This study built and evaluated classifier models that were used to predict the antiplasmodial bioactivity class (active or inactive) of a set of natural products from interBioScreen chemical library.
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Sudina PR, Motati DR, Seema A. Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of Nonenolide. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:1399-1404. [PMID: 29889525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nonenolide (1) was first isolated from the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaries BCC2816 and exhibited good antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1. Structurally, it features a decanolide with a trans-double bond attached to two chiral hydroxy groups, making the total synthesis of the exclusive isomer of 1 more difficult. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of 1 by employing a MacMillan α-hydroxylation to generate three chiral centers in both the key fragments, starting from 1,6-hexanediol and 1,4-butanediol, followed by Steglich esterification of compounds 2 and 3. The exclusive E-isomer was obtained via a ring-closing metathesis of the mono-PMB-protected diene 19. Deprotection provided the required natural product 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purushotham Reddy Sudina
- Division of Natural Product Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500007 , India
| | - Damoder Reddy Motati
- Division of Natural Product Chemistry , CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Hyderabad - 500007 , India
| | - Aravind Seema
- Department of Chemistry , Osmania University , Hyderabad - 500007 , India
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Shang XF, Morris-Natschke SL, Yang GZ, Liu YQ, Guo X, Xu XS, Goto M, Li JC, Zhang JY, Lee KH. Biologically active quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids part II. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:1614-1660. [PMID: 29485730 DOI: 10.1002/med.21492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To follow-up on our prior Part I review, this Part II review summarizes and provides updated literature on novel quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids isolated during the period of 2009-2016, together with the biological activity and the mechanisms of action of these classes of natural products. Over 200 molecules with a broad range of biological activities, including antitumor, antiparasitic and insecticidal, antibacterial and antifungal, cardioprotective, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-asthma, antitussive, and other activities, are discussed. This survey should provide new clues or possibilities for the discovery of new and better drugs from the original naturally occurring quinoline and quinazoline alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Shang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Guan-Zhou Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center of Qinghai University, Qinghai University Tibetan Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Shan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jun-Cai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Mahadeo K, Grondin I, Kodja H, Soulange Govinden J, Jhaumeer Laulloo S, Frederich M, Gauvin-Bialecki A. The genus Psiadia: Review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 210:48-68. [PMID: 28842341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Psiadia Jacq. ex. Willd. belongs to the Asteraceae family and includes more than 60 species. This genus grows in tropical and subtropical regions, being especially well represented in Madagascar and the Mascarene Islands (La Réunion, Mauritius and Rodrigues). Several Psiadia species have been used traditionally for their medicinal properties in Africa and the Mascarene Islands. Based on traditional knowledge, various phytochemical and pharmacological studies have been conducted. However there are no recent papers that provide an overview of the medicinal potential of Psiadia species. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the botany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Psiadia and to highlight the gaps in our knowledge for future research opportunities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information on traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of the genus Psiadia was collected from scientific databases through a search using the keyword 'Psiadia' in 'Google Scholar', 'Pubmed', 'Sciencedirect', 'SpringerLink', 'Web of Science', 'Wiley' and 'Scifinder'. Additionally, published books and unpublished Ph.D. and MSc. dissertations were consulted for botanical information and chemical composition. RESULTS Historically, species of the genus Psiadia have been used to treat a wide range of ailments including abdominal pains, colds, fevers, bronchitis, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, skin infections and liver disorders among others. Phytochemical works led to the isolation of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, coumarins and terpenoids. Furthermore, phytochemical compositions of the essential oils of some species have been evaluated. Crude extracts, essential oils and isolated molecules showed in vitro pharmacological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial and antileishmanial activities. Crude extracts of Psiadia dentata and Psiadia arguta have specifically been found to be potentially useful for inhibition of growth of Plasmodium falciparum. However, pharmacological data on this particular genus is quite limited. Further research is necessary to determine the active compounds and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshika Mahadeo
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion 97 715, France.
| | - Isabelle Grondin
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion 97 715, France.
| | - Hippolyte Kodja
- UMR Qualisud, Université de La Réunion, BP 7151, 15 Avenue René Cassin, 97744 Saint-Denis Cedex 09, La Réunion, France.
| | - Joyce Soulange Govinden
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Mauritius, Mauritius.
| | | | - Michel Frederich
- Université de Liège, Département de Pharmacie, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche sur le Médicament (CIRM), Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Campus du Sart-Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 15 B36 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, BP 7151, St Denis Messag Cedex 9, La Réunion 97 715, France.
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Four Prenylflavone Derivatives with Antiplasmodial Activities from the Stem of Tephrosia purpurea subsp. leptostachya. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091514. [PMID: 28891957 PMCID: PMC6151588 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Four new flavones with modified prenyl groups, namely (E)-5-hydroxytephrostachin (1), purleptone (2), (E)-5-hydroxyanhydrotephrostachin (3), and terpurlepflavone (4), along with seven known compounds (5–11), were isolated from the CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the stem of Tephrosia purpurea subsp. leptostachya, a widely used medicinal plant. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric evidence. Some of the isolated compounds showed antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive D6 strains of Plasmodium falciparum, with (E)-5-hydroxytephrostachin (1) being the most active, IC50 1.7 ± 0.1 μM, with relatively low cytotoxicity, IC50 > 21 μM, against four cell-lines.
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Muiva-Mutisya LM, Atilaw Y, Heydenreich M, Koch A, Akala HM, Cheruiyot AC, Brown ML, Irungu B, Okalebo FA, Derese S, Mutai C, Yenesew A. Antiplasmodial prenylated flavanonols from Tephrosia subtriflora. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:1407-1414. [PMID: 28714338 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1353510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1) extract of the aerial parts of Tephrosia subtriflora afforded a new flavanonol, named subtriflavanonol (1), along with the known flavanone spinoflavanone B, and the known flavanonols MS-II (2) and mundulinol. The structures were elucidated by the use of NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration of the flavanonols was determined based on quantum chemical ECD calculations. In the antiplasmodial assay, compound 2 showed the highest activity against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum reference clones (D6 and 3D7), artemisinin-sensitive isolate (F32-TEM) as well as field isolate (KSM 009) with IC50 values 1.4-4.6 μM without significant cytotoxicity against Vero and HEp2 cell lines (IC50 > 100 μM). The new compound (1) showed weak antiplasmodial activity, IC50 12.5-24.2 μM, but also showed selective anticancer activity against HEp2 cell line (CC50 16.9 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoseph Atilaw
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Nairobi , Nairobi , Kenya
| | | | - Andreas Koch
- b Institut für Chemie , Universität Potsdam , Potsdam , Germany
| | - Hoseah M Akala
- c United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Kenya (USAMRD-K), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Walter Reed Project (WRP) , Kisumu , Kenya
| | - Agnes C Cheruiyot
- c United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Kenya (USAMRD-K), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Walter Reed Project (WRP) , Kisumu , Kenya
| | - Matthew L Brown
- c United States Army Medical Research Directorate-Kenya (USAMRD-K), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Walter Reed Project (WRP) , Kisumu , Kenya
| | - Beatrice Irungu
- d Centre for Traditional Medicine and Drug Research , Kenya Medical Research Institute , Nairobi , Kenya
| | - Faith A Okalebo
- e Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy , University of Nairobi , Nairobi , Kenya
| | - Solomon Derese
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Nairobi , Nairobi , Kenya
| | - Charles Mutai
- f Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences , Masinde Muliro University of Sciences and Technology , Kakamega , Kenya
| | - Abiy Yenesew
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Nairobi , Nairobi , Kenya
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Subramani R, Narayanasamy M, Feussner KD. Plant-derived antimicrobials to fight against multi-drug-resistant human pathogens. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:172. [PMID: 28660459 PMCID: PMC5489455 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0848-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is becoming a pivotal concern for public health that has accelerated the search for new antimicrobial molecules from nature. Numbers of human pathogens have inevitably evolved to become resistant to various currently available drugs causing considerable mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is apparent that novel antibiotics are urgently warranted to combat these life-threatening pathogens. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies to discover new bioactive compounds from plant origin with the hope to control antibiotic-resistant bacteria. This review attempts to focus and record the plant-derived compounds and plant extracts against multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MDR-Mycobacterium tuberculosis and malarial parasites Plasmodium spp. reported between 2005 and 2015. During this period, a total of 110 purified compounds and 60 plant extracts were obtained from 112 different plants. The plants reviewed in this study belong to 70 different families reported from 36 countries around the world. The present review also discusses the drug resistance in bacteria and emphasizes the urge for new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Subramani
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Fiji National University, Natabua Campus, Lautoka, Fiji.
| | | | - Klaus-D Feussner
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Conservation, Institute of Applied Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji
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Espinoza-Moraga M, Singh K, Njoroge M, Kaur G, Okombo J, De Kock C, Smith PJ, Wittlin S, Chibale K. Synthesis and biological characterisation of ester and amide derivatives of fusidic acid as antiplasmodial agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:658-661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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AlGabbani Q, Mansour L, Elnakady YA, Al-Quraishy S, Alomar S, Al-Shaebi EM, Abdel-Baki AAS. In vivo assessment of the antimalarial and spleen-protective activities of the Saudi propolis methanolic extract. Parasitol Res 2016; 116:539-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Polyvalent effect enhances diglycosidic antiplasmodial activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:640-648. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Rej RK, Acharyya RK, Nanda S. Asymmetric synthesis of dihydroartemisinic acid through intramolecular Stetter reaction. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Akanji OC, Cyril Olutayo CM, Elufioye OT, Ogunsusi OO. The antimalaria effect of Momordica charantia L. and Mirabilis jalapa leaf extracts using animal model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/jmpr2016.6046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Shitlani D, Choudhary R, Pandey DP, Bodakhe SH. Ameliorative antimalarial effects of the combination of rutin and swertiamarin on malarial parasites. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61067-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Egieyeh SA, Syce J, Malan SF, Christoffels A. Prioritization of anti-malarial hits from nature: chemo-informatic profiling of natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities and currently registered anti-malarial drugs. Malar J 2016; 15:50. [PMID: 26823078 PMCID: PMC4731946 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of natural products have shown in vitro antiplasmodial activities. Early identification and prioritization of these natural products with potential for novel mechanism of action, desirable pharmacokinetics and likelihood for development into drugs is advantageous. Chemo-informatic profiling of these natural products were conducted and compared to currently registered anti-malarial drugs (CRAD). METHODS Natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities (NAA) were compiled from various sources. These natural products were sub-divided into four groups based on inhibitory concentration (IC50). Key molecular descriptors and physicochemical properties were computed for these compounds and analysis of variance used to assess statistical significance amongst the sets of compounds. Molecular similarity analysis, estimation of drug-likeness, in silico pharmacokinetic profiling, and exploration of structure-activity landscape were also carried out on these sets of compounds. RESULTS A total of 1040 natural products were selected and a total of 13 molecular descriptors were analysed. Significant differences were observed among the sub-groups of NAA and CRAD for at least 11 of the molecular descriptors, including number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, molecular weight, polar and hydrophobic surface areas, chiral centres, oxygen and nitrogen atoms, and shape index. The remaining molecular descriptors, including clogP, number of rotatable bonds and number of aromatic rings, did not show any significant difference when comparing the two compound sets. Molecular similarity and chemical space analysis identified natural products that were structurally diverse from CRAD. Prediction of the pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness of these natural products identified over 50% with desirable drug-like properties. Nearly 70% of all natural products were identified as potentially promiscuous compounds. Structure-activity landscape analysis highlighted compound pairs that form 'activity cliffs'. In all, prioritization strategies for the NAA were proposed. CONCLUSIONS Chemo-informatic profiling of NAA and CRAD have produced a wealth of information that may guide decisions and facilitate anti-malarial drug development from natural products. Articulation of the information provided within an interactive data-mining environment led to a prioritized list of NAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Ayodele Egieyeh
- South African Medial Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa. .,School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - James Syce
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Sarel F Malan
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Alan Christoffels
- South African Medial Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Exploration of Scaffolds from Natural Products with Antiplasmodial Activities, Currently Registered Antimalarial Drugs and Public Malarial Screen Data. Molecules 2016; 21:104. [PMID: 26784165 PMCID: PMC6273396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In light of current resistance to antimalarial drugs, there is a need to discover new classes of antimalarial agents with unique mechanisms of action. Identification of unique scaffolds from natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities may be the starting point for such new classes of antimalarial agents. We therefore conducted scaffold diversity and comparison analysis of natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities (NAA), currently registered antimalarial drugs (CRAD) and malaria screen data from Medicine for Malaria Ventures (MMV). The scaffold diversity analyses on the three datasets were performed using scaffold counts and cumulative scaffold frequency plots. Scaffolds from the NAA were compared to those from CRAD and MMV. A Scaffold Tree was also generated for each of the datasets and the scaffold diversity of NAA was found to be higher than that of MMV. Among the NAA compounds, we identified unique scaffolds that were not contained in any of the other compound datasets. These scaffolds from NAA also possess desirable drug-like properties making them ideal starting points for antimalarial drug design considerations. The Scaffold Tree showed the preponderance of ring systems in NAA and identified virtual scaffolds, which may be potential bioactive compounds.
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Bartolomeu ADA, de Menezes ML, Silva-Filho LCD. Chemoselective Condensation of β-Naphthol, Dimethyl Malonate, and Aromatic Aldehydes Promoted by Niobium Pentachloride. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2014.999341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aloisio de Andrade Bartolomeu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Processes (LaOSP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel Lima de Menezes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Processes (LaOSP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos da Silva-Filho
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Processes (LaOSP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Six new 3,4-seco-27-norlanostane triterpenes from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma boninense and their antiplasmodial activity and agonistic activity to LXRβ. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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From Bench to Bedside: Natural Products and Analogs for the Treatment of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63460-3.00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Imperatore C, Persico M, Aiello A, Luciano P, Guiso M, Sanasi MF, Taramelli D, Parapini S, Cebrián-Torrejón G, Doménech-Carbó A, Fattorusso C, Menna M. Marine inspired antiplasmodial thiazinoquinones: synthesis, computational studies and electrochemical assays. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09302c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An original approach, starting from marine derived compounds and combining chemical, computational and electrochemical methods, evidenced the thiazinoquinone scaffold as a new chemotype active againstP. falciparum.
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Waterman C, Calcul L, Beau J, Ma WS, Lebar MD, von Salm JL, Harter C, Mutka T, Morton LC, Maignan P, Barisic B, van Olphen A, Kyle DE, Vrijmoed L, Pang KL, Pearce CJ, Baker BJ. Miniaturized Cultivation of Microbiota for Antimalarial Drug Discovery. Med Res Rev 2014; 36:144-68. [PMID: 25545963 DOI: 10.1002/med.21335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing search for effective antiplasmodial agents remains essential in the fight against malaria worldwide. Emerging parasitic drug resistance places an urgent need to explore chemotherapies with novel structures and mechanisms of action. Natural products have historically provided effective antimalarial drug scaffolds. In an effort to search nature's chemical potential for antiplasmodial agents, unconventionally sourced organisms coupled with innovative cultivation techniques were utilized. Approximately 60,000 niche microbes from various habitats (slow-growing terrestrial fungi, Antarctic microbes, and mangrove endophytes) were cultivated on a small-scale, extracted, and used in high-throughput screening to determine antimalarial activity. About 1% of crude extracts were considered active and 6% partially active (≥ 67% inhibition at 5 and 50 μg/mL, respectively). Active extracts (685) were cultivated on a large-scale, fractionated, and screened for both antimalarial activity and cytotoxicity. High interest fractions (397) with an IC50 < 1.11 μg/mL were identified and subjected to chromatographic separation for compound characterization and dereplication. Identifying active compounds with nanomolar antimalarial activity coupled with a selectivity index tenfold higher was accomplished with two of the 52 compounds isolated. This microscale, high-throughput screening project for antiplasmodial agents is discussed in the context of current natural product drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Waterman
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Laurent Calcul
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Jeremy Beau
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Wai Sheung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Matthew D Lebar
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | | | - Charles Harter
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Tina Mutka
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Lindsay C Morton
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Patrick Maignan
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Betty Barisic
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Alberto van Olphen
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA
| | - Lilian Vrijmoed
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Lai Pang
- Institute of Marine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | | | - Bill J Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 33620, USA.,Center for Drug Discovery and Innovation, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 36612, USA
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Silva GNS, Schuck DC, Cruz LN, Moraes MS, Nakabashi M, Gosmann G, Garcia CRS, Gnoatto SCB. Investigation of antimalarial activity, cytotoxicity and action mechanism of piperazine derivatives of betulinic acid. Trop Med Int Health 2014; 20:29-39. [PMID: 25308185 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To semisynthesise piperazine derivatives of betulinic acid to evaluate antimalarial activity, cytotoxicity and action mechanism. METHODS The new derivatives were evaluated against the CQ-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain by flow cytometry (FC) using YOYO-1 as stain. Cytotoxicity of 4a and 4b was performed with HEK293T cells for 24 and 48 h by MTT assay. The capability of compound 4a to modulate Ca(2+) in the trophozoite stage was investigated. The trophozoites were stained with Fluo4-AM and analysed by spectrofluorimetry. Effect on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was tested for 4a by FC with DiOC6 (3) as stain. For β-haematin assay, 4a was incubated for 24 h with reagents such as haemin, and the fluorescence was measured by FlexStation at an absorbance of 405 nm. RESULTS Antimalarial activity of 4a and 4b was IC50 = 1 and 4 μm, respectively. Compound 4a displayed cytotoxicity with IC50 = 69 and 29 μm for 24 and 48 h, respectively, and 4b was not cytotoxic at the tested concentrations. Addition of 4a leads to an increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) . We have measured ΔΨm after treating parasites with the compound. Data on Figure 4a show that mitochondria were not affected. The action mechanism for 4a, inhibition of β-haematin formation (17%), was lower than CQ treatment (83%; IC50 = 3 mm). CONCLUSION Compound 4a showed excellent antimalarial activity, and its action mechanism is involved in Ca(2+) pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria N S Silva
- Phytochemistry and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Plasmodium Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bracca ABJ, Heredia DA, Larghi EL, Kaufman TS. Neocryptolepine (Cryprotackieine), A Unique Bioactive Natural Product: Isolation, Synthesis, and Profile of Its Biological Activity. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kouam SF, Ngouonpe AW, Lamshöft M, Talontsi FM, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Ngadjui BT, Laatsch H, Spiteller M. Indolosesquiterpene alkaloids from the Cameroonian medicinal plant Polyalthia oliveri (Annonaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 105:52-59. [PMID: 25039009 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The stem bark of Polyalthia oliveri was screened for its chemical constituents using liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry resulting in the isolation of three indolosesquiterpene alkaloids named 8α-polyveolinone (1), N-acetyl-8α-polyveolinone (2) and N-acetyl-polyveoline (3), together with three known compounds, dehydro-O-methylisopiline (4), N-methylurabaine (5) and polycarpol (6). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by means of high resolution mass spectrometry and different NMR techniques and chemical transformations. Their absolute configurations were assigned by ab-initio calculation of CD and ORD data (for 2 and 3) and X-ray diffraction analysis (for 2). Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited moderate antiplasmodial activity against erythrocytic stages of chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium falciparum NF54 strain and low cytotoxicity on rat skeletal myoblast (L6) cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon Fogue Kouam
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Alain Wembe Ngouonpe
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marc Lamshöft
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ferdinand Mouafo Talontsi
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jonathan O Bauer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | | | - Hartmut Laatsch
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August University, Tammannstrasse 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Spiteller
- Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
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Dual-stage triterpenoids from an African medicinal plant targeting the malaria parasite. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3887-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ntie-Kang F, Onguéné PA, Lifongo LL, Ndom JC, Sippl W, Mbaze LM. The potential of anti-malarial compounds derived from African medicinal plants, part II: a pharmacological evaluation of non-alkaloids and non-terpenoids. Malar J 2014; 13:81. [PMID: 24602358 PMCID: PMC3975711 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is currently a public health concern in many countries in the world due to various factors which are not yet under check. Drug discovery projects targeting malaria often resort to natural sources in the search for lead compounds. A survey of the literature has led to a summary of the major findings regarding plant-derived compounds from African flora, which have shown anti-malarial/antiplasmodial activities, tested by in vitro and in vivo assays. Considerations have been given to compounds with activities ranging from "very active" to "weakly active", leading to >500 chemical structures, mainly alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, coumarins, phenolics, polyacetylenes, xanthones, quinones, steroids and lignans. However, only the compounds that showed anti-malarial activity, from "very active" to "moderately active", are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luc Meva'a Mbaze
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, PO Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
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Simoben CV, Ntie-Kang F, Lifongo LL, Babiaka SB, Sippl W, Mbaze LM. The uniqueness and therapeutic value of natural products from West African medicinal plants, part III: least abundant compound classes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05376a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, a continuation of our in-depth coverage of natural products derived from West African medicinal plants with diverse biological activities has been given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad V. Simoben
- Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Buea
- Buea, Cameroon
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Buea
- Buea, Cameroon
| | - Lydia L. Lifongo
- Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Buea
- Buea, Cameroon
| | - Smith B. Babiaka
- Chemical and Bioactivity Information Centre
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Buea
- Buea, Cameroon
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Martin-Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg
- Halle, Saale 06120, Germany
| | - Luc Meva'a Mbaze
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Douala
- Douala, Cameroon
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