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Mohammadi Zonouz A, Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. The molecular mechanisms of ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) activity in signaling pathways: A comprehensive review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155352. [PMID: 38342017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most unique plants that have ever grown on the planet is Ginkgo biloba L., a member of the Ginkgoaceae family with no close living relatives. The existence of several differently structured components of G. biloba has increased the chemical variety of herbal therapy. Numerous studies that investigated the biochemical characteristics of G. biloba suggest this plant as a potential treatment for many illnesses. PURPOSE Review the molecular mechanisms involved in the signaling pathways of G. biloba activity in varied circumstances and its potential as a novel treatment for various illnesses. METHODS Studies focusing on the molecular processes and signaling pathways of compounds and extracts of G. biloba were found and summarized using the proper keywords and operators from Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus without time restrictions. RESULTS G. biloba exerts its effects through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, pulmoprotective, renoprotective, anti-osteoporosis, anti-melanogenic, retinoprotective, otoprotective, adipogenic, and anti-adipogenic properties. The most important mechanisms involved in these actions are altering the elevation of ROS formation, inhibiting NADPH oxidases activation, altering the expression of antioxidant enzymes, downregulating MAPKs (p38 MAPK and ERK, and JNK) and AP-1, increasing cAMP, inactivating Stat5, activating the AMPK signaling pathway, affecting Stat3/JAK2, NF-κB, Nrf-2, mTOR, HGF/c-Met, Wnt/β-catenin and BMP signaling pathways, and changing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, the release of Cyc from mitochondria to cytosol, the protein cleavage of caspases 3, 7, 8, 9, and 12, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and MMPs levels. CONCLUSIONS G. biloba and its components have gained attention in recent years for their therapeutic benefits, such as their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and apoptotic effects. By understanding their molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways, potential novel medicines might be developed in response to the rising public desire for new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zheng K, Zhao J, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Yang H, Yang X, He L. Design and Evaluation of Ginkgolides Gastric Floating Controlled Release Tablets Based on Solid Supersaturated Self-nanoemulsifying. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 25:7. [PMID: 38147267 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginkgolides are receptor antagonist of platelet activating factor with great clinical prospect, but its application is limited by its low solubility, short half-life and poor alkaline environment stability. It is difficult to solve these problems with a single drug delivery system. In this study, supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying gastric floating tablets of ginkgolides were developed through the combination of solid supersaturated self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (solid S-SNEDDS) and gastric retentive floating drug delivery system (GFDDS) to solve these problems of ginkgolides. Solid S-SNEDDS was prepared by D-optimal mixture design, normalization method and single factor experiment. The properties of solid-S-SNEDDS were studied by TEM, PXRD, FT-IR, SEM and in vitro drug release profile. Then, the optimal formulation of stomach floating tablet was obtained through single factor experiment and center composite design, followed by the study of in vitro release, model and mechanism of release, in vitro buoyancy and kinetics of erosion and swelling. PXRD and FT-IR showed that the drug in solid S-SNEDDS existed in an amorphous manner and formed hydrogen bond with excipients. The results showed that the cumulative release of GA and GB in the optimal tablets was 96.12% and 92.57% higher than the simple tablets within 12 h. The release mechanism of the tablet was skeleton erosion and drug diffusion. In 12 h, the optimal tablets can float stably in vitro and release the drug at a constant rate, with a cumulative release of more than 80%. In summary, the combination of SNEDDS and GFDDS is a promising means to solve the problems of ginkgolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qiuli Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Husheng Yang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xinggang Yang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Lian He
- Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, China.
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, China.
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Centner AM, Khalili L, Ukhanov V, Kadyan S, Nagpal R, Salazar G. The Role of Phytochemicals and Gut Microbiome in Atherosclerosis in Preclinical Mouse Models. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051212. [PMID: 36904211 PMCID: PMC10005405 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiome alterations have recently been linked to many chronic conditions including cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is an interplay between diet and the resident gut microbiome, where the food eaten affects populations of certain microbes. This is important, as different microbes are associated with various pathologies, as they can produce compounds that are disease-promoting or disease-protecting. The Western diet negatively affects the host gut microbiome, ultimately resulting in heightened arterial inflammation and cell phenotype changes as well as plaque accumulation in the arteries. Nutritional interventions including whole foods rich in fiber and phytochemicals as well as isolated compounds including polyphenols and traditional medicinal plants show promise in positively influencing the host gut microbiome to alleviate atherosclerosis. This review investigates the efficacy of a vast array of foods and phytochemicals on host gut microbes and atherosclerotic burden in mice. Reduction in plaque by interventions was associated with increases in bacterial diversity, reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, and upregulation of Akkermansia. Upregulation in CYP7 isoform in the liver, ABC transporters, bile acid excretion, and the level of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were also noted in several studies reducing plaque. These changes were also associated with attenuated inflammation and oxidative stress. In conclusion, an increase in the abundance of Akkermansia with diets rich in polyphenols, fiber, and grains is likely to reduce plaque burden in patients suffering from CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M. Centner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Leila Khalili
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Vladimir Ukhanov
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Saurabh Kadyan
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Gloria Salazar
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Correspondence:
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Zhang L, Fang X, Sun J, Su E, Cao F, Zhao L. Study on Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Typical Functional Components of Extracts of Ginkgo Biloba Leaves. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031377. [PMID: 36771046 PMCID: PMC9920934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
There are some differences in the anti-inflammatory activities of four typical components in EGB (extracts of ginkgo biloba leaves), and there is also a synergistic relationship. The order of inhibiting the NO-release ability of single functional components is OA > GF > OPC > G. Ginkgolide (G), proanthocyanidins (OPC), and organic acids (OA) all have synergistic effects on ginkgo flavonoids (GF). GF:OA (1:9) is the lowest interaction index among all complexes, showing the strongest synergy. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of the compound affects the expression of p-JNK, p-P38, and p-ERK1/2 proteins by inhibiting the expression of iNOS and COX2 genes on NFKB and MAPK pathways. This also provides a research basis for the development of anti-inflammatory deep-processing products of EGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xianying Fang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jihu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (L.Z.)
| | - Erzheng Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Fuliang Cao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (L.Z.)
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Zhang B, Fan C, Tan Q, Zhang Y, Jiang Q, Yu Q, Zhang B, Zheng K, Yan C. rCsHscB Derived from Clonorchis sinensis: A Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Ameliorates LPS-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury by Repression of Inflammation. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121548. [PMID: 36558882 PMCID: PMC9782140 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute liver injury caused by spillovers of bacteria and endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) into the liver remains a public health issue due to the lack of specific therapeutic approaches. Previous studies showed that the recombinant protein HscB (rCsHscB) of Clonorchis sinensis, a carcinogenic liver fluke, had an anti-inflammatory effect and could alleviate inflammatory diseases such as enteritis; however, whether it can prevent sepsis-associated acute liver injury induced by LPS is still unknown. In our current study, the therapeutic effects and the potential mechanisms of rCsHscB on LPS-induced acute liver injury were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. The data showed that rCsHscB prevented LPS-induced liver damage, as demonstrated by histopathological observation and hepatic damage markers (the activities of serum ALT and AST) in a murine model of sepsis-associated acute liver injury. rCsHscB also significantly reversed the high levels of serum IL-6 and MCP-1 induced by LPS. In addition, rCsHscB attenuated the production of LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α, in a macrophage cell line-RAW264.7, through possible mediation by the MAPK signaling pathway in vitro. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that rCsHscB derived from a fluke C. sinensis protects against sepsis-associated acute liver injury induced by LPS, which may be attributed to the inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway. Our present study provides a potential therapeutic strategy for sepsis-associated acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chunyang Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Qi Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yuzhao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu International Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Basic Medicine Education, Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
- Correspondence:
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Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Kaushik A, Kujawska M, Batiha GE. Ginkgo biloba in the management of the COVID-19 severity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200188. [PMID: 35672257 PMCID: PMC9348126 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is linked with inflammatory disorders and the development of oxidative stress in extreme cases. Therefore, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant drugs may alleviate these complications. Ginkgo biloba L. folium extract (EGb) is a herbal medicine containing various active constituents. This review aims to provide a critical discussion on the potential role of EGb in the management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The antiviral effect of EGb is mediated by different mechanisms, including blocking SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like protease that provides trans-variant effectiveness. Moreover, EGb impedes the development of pulmonary inflammatory disorders through the diminution of neutrophil elastase activity, the release of proinflammatory cytokines, platelet aggregation, and thrombosis. Thus, EGb can attenuate the acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in COVID-19. In conclusion, EGb offers the potential of being used as adjuvant antiviral and symptomatic therapy. Nanosystems enabling targeted delivery, personalization, and booster of effects provide the opportunity for the use of EGb in modern phytotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineALmustansiriyia UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Health System Engineering, Department of Environmental EngineeringFlorida Polytechnic UniversityLakelandFloridaUSA
| | | | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourAlBeheiraEgypt
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Ko HM, Choi SH, Jee W, Lee SH, Park D, Jung JH, Lee BJ, Kim KI, Jung HJ, Jang HJ. Rosa laevigata Attenuates Allergic Asthma Exacerbated by Water-Soluble PM by Downregulating the MAPK Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:925502. [PMID: 35837279 PMCID: PMC9274115 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.925502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to water-soluble particulate matter (WPM) containing heavy metals can cause severe inflammatory responses and trigger and exacerbate the onset of asthma. As a follow-up study of Rosa laevigata (RL), this study analyzed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of oral and intratracheal administration of RL and demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in asthma models. Worse T-helper cell type 2 (Th2)-related inflammatory and pro-inflammatory responses were observed after simultaneous challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) and WPM. To establish a model of asthma exacerbated by WPM, BALB/c mice were sensitized with OVA + aluminum hydroxide and challenged with OVA + WPM. To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of RL, it was administered both orally and intratracheally. Histopathological analysis of H&E staining confirmed that oral and intratracheal administration of RL alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways aggravated by OVA + WPM. RL effectively reduced the number of inflammatory cells obtained from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and multiplex analysis of serum samples confirmed that the administration of RL reduced the levels of immuno-globulin E (IgE), Th2-related cytokines, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis of lung tissue samples confirmed that the release of MUC5AC (Mucin 5AC, Oligomeric Mucus/Gel-Forming) and pro-inflammatory cytokines was reduced by RL, and western blotting confirmed that the administration of RL reduced the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 in the MAPK pathway. In conclusion, oral and intratracheal administration of RL appears to have an anti-asthmatic effect by reducing the secretion of Th2-related cytokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and IgE by downregulating the MAPK pathway. Thus, RL has further demonstrated potential for development as an oral and inhaled therapeutic for asthma symptoms exacerbated by WPM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Min Ko
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Han Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Biological Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wona Jee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Doil Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beom-Joon Lee
- Department of Biological Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwan-Il Kim
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Jung
- Division of Allergy, Immune and Respiratory System, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeung-Jin Jang
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyeung-Jin Jang,
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Wang W, Xu L, Zhou L, Wan S, Jiang L. Dioscorea nipponica Makino Relieves Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma in Mice through Regulating RKIP-Mediated Raf-1/MEK/MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8077058. [PMID: 35757465 PMCID: PMC9217531 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8077058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Dioscorea nipponica Makino (DNM) is a traditional herb with multiple medicinal functions. This study is aimed at exploring the therapeutic effects of DNM on asthma and the underlying mechanisms involving RKIP-mediated MAPK signaling pathway. Methods An ovalbumin-induced asthma model was established in mice, which was further administrated with DNM and/or locostatin (RKIP inhibitor). ELISA was performed to detect the serum titers of OVA-IgE and OVA-IgG1, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of inflammation-related biomarkers, and tissue levels of oxidative stress-related biomarkers. The expression of RKIP was measured by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. HE staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of lung tissues. The protein expression of MAPK pathway-related proteins was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the controls, the model mice exhibited significantly higher serum titers of OVA-IgE and OVA-IgG1, BALF levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, TGF-β1, and MCP-1, tissue levels of MDA and ROS, lower BALF levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ, and tissue level of GSH. DNM relieved the allergic inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the model mice. DNM also recovered the downregulation of RKIP and the pathological injury of lung tissues in asthma mice. In addition, the Raf-1/MEK/MAPK/ERK pathway in the model mice was blocked by DNM. Silencing of RKIP by locostatin weakened the relieving effects of DNM on asthma through activating the Raf-1/MEK/MAPK/ERK pathway. Conclusion DNM relieves asthma via blocking the Raf-1/MEK/MAPK/ERK pathway that mediated by RKIP upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Liying Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lingming Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Shanhong Wan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Libin Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou 310003, China
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Bai D, Sun T, Lu F, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Yu G, Li H, Hao J. Eupatilin Suppresses OVA-Induced Asthma by Inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK and Activating Nrf2 Signaling Pathways in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031582. [PMID: 35163503 PMCID: PMC8836136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of eupatilin in asthma treatment, we evaluated its therapeutic effect and related signal transduction in OVA-induced asthmatic mice and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The BALF was tested for changes in lung inflammatory cells. Th2 cytokines in the BALF and OVA-IgE in the serum were measured by ELISA. H&E and PAS staining were used to evaluate histopathological changes in mouse lungs. The key proteins NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2 in lung tissues were quantitatively analyzed by Western blotting. Finally, we evaluated the effect of eupatilin on cytokines and related protein expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. In OVA-induced asthmatic mice, eupatilin reduced the numbers of inflammatory cells, especially neutrophils and eosinophils. Eupatilin also decreased the levels of IL-5, IL-13 in the BALF and OVA-IgE in the serum. Furthermore, eupatilin inhibited the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways and increased the expression of Nrf2 in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. In vitro, eupatilin significantly reduced LPS-stimulated NO, IL-6, and ROS production. Additionally, the NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2 protein expression in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was consistent with that in OVA-induced asthmatic lung tissues. In summary, eupatilin attenuated OVA-induced asthma by regulating NF-κB, MAPK, and Nrf2 signaling pathways. These results suggest the utility of eupatilin as an anti-inflammatory drug for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
| | - Tianxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
| | - Fang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
| | - Yancheng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guangli Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Haihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-532-8203-1913 (J.H.)
| | - Jiejie Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (D.B.); (T.S.); (F.L.); (Y.S.); (Y.Z.); (B.Z.); (G.Y.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.H.); Tel./Fax: +86-532-8203-1913 (J.H.)
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10
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Wang J, Wu Q, Ding L, Song S, Li Y, Shi L, Wang T, Zhao D, Wang Z, Li X. Therapeutic Effects and Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Compounds Against Respiratory Diseases: Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory and High-Frequency Use. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:734450. [PMID: 34512360 PMCID: PMC8429615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.734450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases, especially the pandemic of respiratory infectious diseases and refractory chronic lung diseases, remain a key clinical issue and research hot spot due to their high prevalence rates and poor prognosis. In this review, we aimed to summarize the recent advances in the therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of key common bioactive compounds from Chinese herbal medicine. Based on the theories of traditional Chinese medicine related to lung diseases, we searched several electronic databases to determine the high-frequency Chinese medicines in clinical application. The active compounds and metabolites from the selected medicines were identified using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) by analyzing oral bioavailability and drug similarity index. Then, the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of the selected bioactive compounds in the viral and bacterial infections, inflammation, acute lung injury (ALI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and lung cancer were summarized. We found that 31 bioactive compounds from the selected 10 common Chinese herbs, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), kaempferol, isorhamnetin, quercetin, and β-sitosterol, can mainly regulate NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, NLRP3, TGF-β/Smad, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways to inhibit infection, inflammation, extracellular matrix deposition, and tumor growth in a series of lung-related diseases. This review provides novel perspectives on the preclinical study and clinical application of Chinese herbal medicines and their bioactive compounds against respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lu Ding
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Song
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Respiratory, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tan Wang
- Department of Respiratory, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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11
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Zhao Y, Liu S, Li X, Xu Z, Hao L, Cui Z, Bi K, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Cross-talk of Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Allergic Asthma and Cataract. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 27:810-822. [PMID: 32031062 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666200207113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease, which involves many cellular and cellular components. Cataract is a condition that affects the transparency of the lens, which the opacity of the lens caused by any innate or acquired factor degrades its transparency or changes in color. Both of them belong to diseases induced by immune disorders or inflammation. We want to confirm the signaling pathways involved in the regulation of asthma and cataract simultaneously, and provide reference for the later related experiments. So we conducted a scoping review of many databases and searched for studies (Academic research published in Wiley, Springer and Bentham from 2000 to 2019) about the possible relationship between asthma and cataract. It was found that during the onset of asthma and cataract, Rho/Rock signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, JAK/STAT signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway are all active, so they may have a certain correlation in pathogenesis. Asthma may be associated with cataract through the eight signaling pathways, causing inflammation or immune imbalance based on allergy that can lead to cataract. According to these studies, we speculated that the three most likely signaling pathways are PI3K/AKT, MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Sumei Liu
- Department of Stomatology, No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiangsheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Lifang Hao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhe Cui
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kewei Bi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanfen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China,Offices of Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071002, China
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12
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Crilly S, Withers SE, Allan SM, Parry-Jones AR, Kasher PR. Revisiting promising preclinical intracerebral hemorrhage studies to highlight repurposable drugs for translation. Int J Stroke 2021; 16:123-136. [PMID: 33183165 PMCID: PMC7859586 DOI: 10.1177/1747493020972240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage is a devastating global health burden with limited treatment options and is responsible for 49% of 6.5 million annual stroke-related deaths comparable to ischemic stroke. Despite the impact of intracerebral hemorrhage, there are currently no effective treatments and so weaknesses in the translational pipeline must be addressed. There have been many preclinical studies in intracerebral hemorrhage models with positive outcomes for potential therapies in vivo, but beyond advancing the understanding of intracerebral hemorrhage pathology, there has been no translation toward successful clinical application. Multidisciplinary preclinical research, use of multiple models, and validation in human tissue are essential for effective translation. Repurposing of therapeutics for intracerebral hemorrhage may be the most promising strategy to help relieve the global health burden of intracerebral hemorrhage. Here, we have reviewed the existing literature to highlight repurposable drugs with successful outcomes in preclinical models of intracerebral hemorrhage that have realistic potential for development into the clinic for intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Crilly
- Division of Neuroscience and
Experimental Psychology, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation,
School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester
Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah E Withers
- Division of Neuroscience and
Experimental Psychology, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation,
School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester
Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Stuart M Allan
- Division of Neuroscience and
Experimental Psychology, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation,
School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester
Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adrian R Parry-Jones
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences,
Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, School of Medical Sciences,
Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre,
The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Centre for Clinical
Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health
Science Centre, Salford, UK
| | - Paul R Kasher
- Division of Neuroscience and
Experimental Psychology, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation,
School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester
Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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13
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Midgley A, Barakat D, Braitch M, Nichols C, Nebozhyn M, Edwards LJ, Fox SC, Gran B, Robins RA, Showe LC, Constantinescu CS. PAF-R on activated T cells: Role in the IL-23/Th17 pathway and relevance to multiple sclerosis. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152023. [PMID: 33278709 PMCID: PMC11131414 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.152023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
IL-23 is a potent stimulus for Th17 cells. These cells have a distinct developmental pathway from Th1 cells induced by IL-12 and are implicated in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS). TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-1, the transcriptional regulator RORγt (RORC) and IL-23 are implicated in Th17 development and maintenance. In human polyclonally activated T cells, IL-23 enhances IL-17 production. The aims of our study were: 1). To validate microarray results showing preferential expression of platelet activating factor receptor (PAF-R) on IL-23 stimulated T cells. 2). To determine whether PAF-R on activated T cells is functional, whether it is co-regulated with Th17-associated molecules, and whether it is implicated in Th17 function. 3). To determine PAF-R expression in MS. We show that PAF-R is expressed on activated T cells, and is inducible by IL-23 and IL-17, which in turn are induced by PAF binding to PAF-R. PAF-R is co-expressed with IL-17 and regulated similarly with Th17 markers IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22 and RORC. PAF-R is upregulated on PBMC and T cells of MS patients, and levels correlate with IL-17 and with MS disability scores. Our results show that PAF-R on T cells is associated with the Th17 phenotype and function. Clinical Implications Targeting PAF-R may interfere with Th17 function and offer therapeutic intervention in Th17-associated conditions, including MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Midgley
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; The Academy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Dina Barakat
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Manjit Braitch
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Laura J Edwards
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Division of Rehabilitation, University of Nottingham, Derby Royal Hospital, Derby DE22 3NE, United Kingdom
| | - Susan C Fox
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Cardiovascular and Stroke Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Gran
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - R Adrian Robins
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Cris S Constantinescu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
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14
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Identification of the in vivo relevant dissolution media for the three active components in EGb 761 tablet for better correlation with their pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 154:105515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Small RNA Sequencing Reveals Exosomal miRNAs Involved in the Treatment of Asthma by Scorpio and Centipede. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1061407. [PMID: 32016112 PMCID: PMC6985928 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1061407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a common respiratory disease with inflammation in the lungs. Exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial role in inflammation, whereas the role of exosomal miRNA in asthma remains unknown. Here, we aimed to identify the key exosomal miRNAs and their underlying mechanisms involved in scorpio and centipede (SC) treatment in asthma. Eighteen mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group, asthma group, and SC treatment group. Effect of SC was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and real-time PCR. Exosomes from asthma and SC treatment groups were analyzed by small RNA-seq. Results revealed SC significantly alleviated the pathogenesis of asthma and suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines. A total of 328 exosomal miRNAs were differentially expressed between the exosomes from asthma and SC-treated mice, including 118 up- and 210 downregulated in SC-treated mice. The altered exosomal miRNAs were primarily involved in the function of transcription, apoptotic process, and cell adhesion; and pathway of calcium, Wnt, and MAPK signaling. Real-time PCR verified exosomal miR-147 was downregulated, while miR-98-5p and miR-10a-5p were upregulated in SC-treated mice compared to asthma mice. Moreover, the target genes of miR-147-3p, miR-98-5p, and miR-10a-5p were mainly enriched in Wnt and MAPK inflammatory signaling. miR-10a-5p promoted the proliferation of mouse lung epithelial cells and downregulated the expression of Nfat5 and Map2k6. These data suggest SC-induced exosomal miRNAs might mediate the inflammatory signaling and might be involved in the SC treatment in asthma. The exosomal miRNAs might be promising candidates for the treatment of asthma.
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16
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Yang CF, Karmaus WJJ, Yang CC, Chen ML, Wang IJ. Bisphenol a Exposure, DNA Methylation, and Asthma in Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17010298. [PMID: 31906378 PMCID: PMC6981376 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported the relationship between bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and increased prevalence of asthma, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether BPA exposure and DNA methylation related to asthma in children. We collected urinary and blood samples from 228 children (Childhood Environment and Allergic Diseases Study cohort) aged 3 years. Thirty-three candidate genes potentially interacting with BPA exposure were selected from a toxicogenomics database. DNA methylation was measured in 22 blood samples with top-high and bottom-low exposures of BPA. Candidate genes with differential methylation levels were validated by qPCR and promoter associated CpG islands have been investigated. Correlations between the methylation percentage and BPA exposure and asthma were analyzed. According to our findings, MAPK1 showed differential methylation and was further investigated in 228 children. Adjusting for confounders, urinary BPA glucuronide (BPAG) level inversely correlated with MAPK1 promoter methylation (β = -0.539, p = 0.010). For the logistic regression analysis, MAPK1 methylation status was dichotomized into higher methylated and lower methylated groups with cut off continuous variable of median of promoter methylation percentage (50%) while performing the analysis. MAPK1 methylation was lower in children with asthma than in children without asthma (mean ± SD; 69.82 ± 5.88% vs. 79.82 ± 5.56%) (p = 0.001). Mediation analysis suggested that MAPK1 methylation acts as a mediation variable between BPA exposure and asthma. The mechanism of BPA exposure on childhood asthma might, therefore, be through the alteration of MAPK1 methylation. The mechanism of BPA exposure on childhood asthma might, therefore, be through the alteration of MAPK1 methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Feng Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.Y.); (M.-L.C.)
| | - Wilfried J. J. Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA;
| | - Chen-Chang Yang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.Y.); (M.-L.C.)
| | - Mei-Lien Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.Y.); (M.-L.C.)
| | - I-Jen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 242, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 400-439, Taiwan
- National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053,Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2276-5566 (ext. 2532); Fax: +886-2-2998-8028
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17
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Li H, Zhang W, Wu Z, Huang X, Hui A, He Y, Wang H. Theoretical design, preparation, and evaluation of Ginkgolide B molecularly imprinted polymers. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:514-523. [PMID: 31642160 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgolide B is in great demand worldwide on account of its extensive and excellent pharmacological effects, however, it is difficult to separate and purify ginkgolide B. In this study, ginkgolide B molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared by combining software simulation and molecular imprinting technique, and its characterization and adsorption performed evaluation were performed to understand the adsorption behavior of the polymers. The adsorption equilibrium concentration of molecularly imprinted polymers was 0.70 mg/mL, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 4 h. Meanwhile, the adsorption isotherm of the polymers for ginkgolide B fitted well with the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics was in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetics. In contrast, the adsorption capacity of molecularly imprinted polymers on ginkgolide B was higher than that of non-molecular imprinted polymers, with better selectivity and better adsorption after repeated use for six times. The application experiments showed that molecular imprinted polymers have a good adsorption effect in low purity samples. Therefore, the polymers reported herein can be expected to apply in the adsorption and separation of ginkgolide B samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ailing Hui
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen He
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
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18
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Wang K, Pramod SN, Pavase TR, Ahmed I, Lin H, Liu L, Tian S, Lin H, Li Z. An overview on marine anti-allergic active substances for alleviating food-induced allergy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2019; 60:2549-2563. [PMID: 31441662 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1650716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Food provides energy and various nutrients and is the most important substance for the survival of living beings. However, for allergic people, certain foods cause strong reactions, and sometimes even cause shock or death. Food allergy has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a major global food safety issue which affect the quality of life of nearly 5% of adults and 8% of children, and the incidence continues to rise but there is no effective cure. Drug alleviation methods for food allergies often have shortcomings such as side effects, poor safety, and high cost. At present, domestic and foreign scientists have turned to research and develop various new, safe and efficient natural sources of hypoallergenic or anti-allergic drugs or foods. There are many kinds of anti-allergic substances obtained from the plants and animals have been reported. Besides, probiotics and bifidobacteria also have certain anti-allergic effects. Of all the sources of anti-allergic substances, the ocean is rich in effective active substances due to its remarkable biodiversity and extremely complex living environment, and plays a huge role in the field of anti-food allergy. In this paper, the anti-food allergic bioactive substances isolated from marine organisms encompassing marine microbial, plant, animal sources and their mechanism were reviewed and the possible targets of anti-allergic substances exerting effects are illustrated by drawing. In addition, the development prospects of marine anti-allergic market are discussed and forecasted, which can provide reference for future research on anti-allergic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Siddanakoppalu Narayana Pramod
- Laboratory for Immunomodulation and Inflammation Biology, Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Sahyadri Science College (Autonomous), Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India
| | - Tushar Ramesh Pavase
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Ishfaq Ahmed
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Hang Lin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Liangyu Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Shenglan Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Food Safety Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P.R. China
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19
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Guo X, Zheng M, Pan R, Zang B, Gao J, Ma H, Jin M. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) targets the platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor and inhibits human bronchial smooth muscle activation induced by PAF. Food Funct 2019; 10:4661-4673. [PMID: 31292579 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00896a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the main active ingredient of edible plant safflower. HSYA has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects. The inflammatory response is the key mechanism responsible for asthma, and the pro-inflammatory platelet-activating factor (PAF) is known to play a role in the pathology of bronchial asthma. In this study, we stimulated human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs) with PAF and examined the effects of HSYA on the resulting asthma-related process. PAF stimulation induced HBSMC activation, induced proliferation, increased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and activated asthma-related signaling pathways. All these effects were significantly inhibited by treatment with HSYA (9, 27, 81 μmol L-1). The effects of HSYA were prevented by the addition of a PAF receptor (PAFR) antagonist or by PAFR gene silencing with small interfering RNA. These results suggest that HSYA may inhibit PAF-induced activation of HBSMCs by targeting the PAFR. Overall, these findings provide evidence that HSYA can be applied as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
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20
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Ginkgolide B enhances gemcitabine sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cell lines via inhibiting PAFR/NF-кB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:563-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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21
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Shu Z, Hussain Sh A, Shahen M, Wang H, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hac ME, Ali Kalhor S, Rashid M, Ali Shar P. Pharmacological Uses of Ginkgo biloba Extracts for Cardiovascular Disease and Coronary Heart Diseases. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Guo JF, Ning ZQ, Wu X, Qiao YJ, Wang X. Discovery of a natural PI3Kδ inhibitor through virtual screening and biological assay study. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 508:709-714. [PMID: 30528237 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-δ (PI3Kδ) is a key regulator in the process of IgE mediated mast cell degranulation, which directly induces allergic diseases, such as asthma. This study is aimed at discovery of natural PI3Kδ inhibitors from Chinese medicine and evaluating their anti-mast cell degranulation activity. A combined virtual screening based on 3D pharmacophore model and molecular docking was used to screen for bioactive ingredients directly targeting PI3Kδ. Then, an in vitro kinase inhibition assay was conducted to evaluate the PI3Kδ inhibitory activity of the virtual screening hits. Subsequently, a β-hexosaminidase release assay was performed to verify the anti-mast cell degranulation activity of the active compounds. Finally, ginkgoneolic acid was identified as a PI3Kδ inhibitor (IC50 = 2.49 μM) and exhibited anti-mast cell degranulation activity in vitro (IC50 = 2.40 μM). Docking studies showed that Glu826, Val827 and Val828 were key amino acid residues for PI3Kδ inhibitory activity. Ginkgoneolic acid may be a potential lead compound for developing effective and safe PI3Kδ-inhibiting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fang Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Zhong-Qi Ning
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Xia Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Yan-Jiang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of TCM-information Engineer of State Administration of TCM, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11, North San huan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Collateral Disease Theory Research, Capital Medical University, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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Guo X, Zheng M, Pan R, Zang B, Jin M. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Suppresses Platelet Activating Factor-Induced Activation of Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:859. [PMID: 30123133 PMCID: PMC6085473 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is a chemical component isolated from the Chinese medicine Carthamus tinctorius L. HSYA has numerous pharmacological effects, including protecting against and mitigating some respiratory diseases such as acute lung injury and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; however, its effect on asthma remains unclear. We previously found that HSYA attenuated ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in guinea pigs. Platelet activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid mediator of inflammation and an important factor in the pathological process of asthma. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of HSYA and its underlying mechanisms in PAF-induced human small airway epithelial cells (HSAECs). PAF-activated cells were pretreated with HSYA and/or the PAF receptor inhibitor, ginkgolide B, and we observed changes in the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, monolayer permeability of HSAECs, and inflammatory signaling pathways. HSYA attenuated the PAF-induced increase in expression of inflammatory factors and destruction of cell-barrier function, and inhibited the expression of protein kinase C, mitogen-activated protein kinases, activator protein-1, and nuclear factor-κB activation induced by PAF. These findings suggest that HSYA may represent a potential new drug for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyan Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxia Zang
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Chen X, Chen X, Wu W, Zhou Q, Gong X, Shi B. Effects of FGF‐23‐mediated ERK/MAPK signaling pathway on parathyroid hormone secretion of parathyroid cells in rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7092-7102. [PMID: 29633272 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Jun Chen
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP.R. China
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouP.R. China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouP.R. China
| | - Wen‐Jun Wu
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouP.R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouP.R. China
| | - Xiao‐Hua Gong
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouP.R. China
| | - Bi‐Min Shi
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouP.R. China
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Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like-2 is involved in the activation of macrophages by Astragalus polysaccharides in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7428-7434. [PMID: 29568914 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous years, studies have shown that Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) can improve cellular immunity and humoral immune function, which has become a focus of investigations. Tumor necrosis factor‑α‑induced protein 8‑like 2 (TIPE2) is a negative regulator of immune reactions. However, the effect and underlying mechanisms of TIPE2 on the APS‑induced immune response remains to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to examine the role of TIPE2 and its underlying mechanisms in the APS‑induced immune response. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was detected in macrophages in vitro following APS stimulation. In addition, the present study interfered with the expression of TIPE2 in macrophages, and examined the production of cytokines, NO and components of the mitogen‑activate protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway following APS stimulation. The results showed that APS was able to activate macrophages by inducing the production of interleukin (IL)‑1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, IL‑6 and NO. Furthermore, RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with APS when TIPE2 was silenced, and it was found that the production of TNF‑α, IL‑6, IL‑1β and NO were upregulated, and the signaling pathway of MAPK was activated. Taken together, these results demonstrated that TIPE2 had an important negative effect on the APS‑induced production of inflammatory cytokines and NO via the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Chen J, Zhang DM, Feng X, Wang J, Qin YY, Zhang T, Huang Q, Sheng R, Chen Z, Li M, Qin ZH. TIGAR inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced inflammatory response of astrocytes. Neuropharmacology 2018; 131:377-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Yan XQ, Shi YL, Jiang QF, Ping GF, Deng ZJ. Design of amphiphilic PCL-PEG-PCL block copolymers as vehicles of Ginkgolide B and their brain-targeting studies. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2017; 28:1497-1510. [PMID: 28532338 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2017.1332470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-qing Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yong-li Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | | | - Guan-Fang Ping
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Zhi-jian Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
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28
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Ahn S, Kim E, Lee K, Lee DC. Cinnamaldehyde derivatives inhibit degranulation and inflammatory mediator production in rat basophilic leukemia cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:342-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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29
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Liang Z, Xu Y, Wen X, Nie H, Hu T, Yang X, Chu X, Yang J, Deng X, He J. Rosmarinic Acid Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Hyperresponsiveness in a Murine Model of Asthma. Molecules 2016; 21:E769. [PMID: 27304950 PMCID: PMC6274450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) has numerous pharmacologic effects, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive activity of RA in a murine model of asthma and to investigate its possible molecular mechanisms. Female BALB/c mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (Ova) were pretreated with RA (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) at 1 h before Ova challenge. The results demonstrated that RA markedly inhibited increases in inflammatory cells and Th2 cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), significantly reduced the total IgE and Ova-specific IgE concentrations, and greatly ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) compared with the control Ova-induced mice. Histological analyses showed that RA substantially decreased the number of inflammatory cells and mucus hypersecretion in the airway. In addition, our results suggested that the protective effects of RA might be mediated by the suppression of ERK, JNK and p38 phosphorylation and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Furthermore, RA pretreatment resulted in a noticeable reduction in AMCase, CCL11, CCR3, Ym2 and E-selectin mRNA expression in lung tissues. These findings suggest that RA may effectively delay the progression of airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmin Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Yangfeng Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Xuemei Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Haiying Nie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Tingjun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiao Chu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China.
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
| | - Xuming Deng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China.
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China.
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Wang S, Ouyang B, Aa J, Geng J, Fei F, Wang P, Wang J, Peng Y, Geng T, Li Y, Huang W, Wang Z, Xiao W, Wang G. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B, and ginkgolide K after intravenous infusion of ginkgo diterpene lactones in a rat model. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 126:109-16. [PMID: 27182682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgo diterpene lactones are compounds that are extracted from the Ginkgo biloba leaf and possess pharmacologic activities with neuroprotective effects. To address the poor bioavailability of ginkgo diterpene lactones, ginkgo diterpene lactone meglumine injection (GDLI) was formulated and is commercially available. In this study, a simple, sensitive and reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for assessing the total amount and the amount of the prototype forms of ginkgolides A (GA), B (GB) and K (GK) in rat plasma and tissues. This method was used to calculate the concentrations of the hydrolysed carboxylic forms and assess the pharmacokinetics of the ginkgolides after intravenous (i.v.) GDLI administration in rats. Generally, all three ginkgolide forms showed dose-dependent plasma concentrations, and no obvious differences in pharmacokinetic parameters, i.e., area under the curve (AUC) of plasma concentration versus time and half-life, were observed after GDLI administration on 7 consecutive days. These ginkgolides primarily existed in the carboxylic form in the plasma, and the systemic concentrations of the carboxylic forms of GA and GB were 11- to 17- and 3- to 4-fold higher than those of their prototype forms, respectively. In contrast, dramatically increased levels of the GA and GB prototype lactones were detected in the liver and heart. GA, GB, and GK were extensively distributed in various organs/tissues; the highest levels were found in the kidneys, liver, and intestine, and the lowest levels were found in the brain. These data suggest that ginkgolides have difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier and that their targets for protecting against cerebral ischaemia are located outside the central system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; Jiangsu Kanion Modern Chinese Medicine Institute, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Bingchen Ouyang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiye Aa
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianliang Geng
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fei Fei
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiankun Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Geng
- Jiangsu Kanion Modern Chinese Medicine Institute, Nanjing 210017, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-Tech for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Yanjing Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Modern Chinese Medicine Institute, Nanjing 210017, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-Tech for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Wenzhe Huang
- Jiangsu Kanion Modern Chinese Medicine Institute, Nanjing 210017, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-Tech for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- Jiangsu Kanion Modern Chinese Medicine Institute, Nanjing 210017, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-Tech for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; Jiangsu Kanion Modern Chinese Medicine Institute, Nanjing 210017, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical New-Tech for Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China.
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Sun HN, Han YH, Feng L, Jin CH, Han B, Liu L, Lee DS, Kwon TH, Li LG, Ge WZ, Cui YD. 16α, 17α-epoxypregnenolone-20-oxime inhibits NO and IL-6 production in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:4927-33. [PMID: 27082161 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has previously been reported that 16α, 17α-epoxypregnenolone-20-oxime (EPREGO) exerts an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression in microglia. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of EPREGO on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms using western blot analysis, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays and fluorescence‑activated cell sorting. The present study demonstrated that LPS‑induced production of NO and interleukin (IL)-6, and the protein expression levels of iNOS, were reduced by EPREGO in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, whereas, EPREGO did not affect tumor necrosis factor‑α production. In addition, EPREGO suppressed LPS‑induced cellular reactive oxygen species production and phagocytosis. Furthermore, EPREGO significantly inhibited the LPS‑induced activation of mitogen‑activated protein kinases and inhibitor of κB α degradation in LPS‑stimulated RAW264.7 cells, thus resulting in modulation of the production of NO and IL‑6. Taken together, these results suggest that EPREGO exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in macrophages, thus validating the hypothesis that EPREGO may be useful as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of macrophage-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Nan Sun
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Li Feng
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Bing Han
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Soek Lee
- Laboratory of Neurobiology School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative Bioresearch Group (BK21 plus project), Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tea-Ho Kwon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Le-Gong Li
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Zhong Ge
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Dong Cui
- Laboratory of Disease Animal Model Research Center (DMARC), College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, P.R. China
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Wu F, Shi W, Zhou G, Yao H, Xu C, Xiao W, Wu J, Wu X. Ginkgolide B functions as a determinant constituent of Ginkgolides in alleviating lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:71-78. [PMID: 27261579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginkgolides are the major bioactive components of Ginkgo biloba extracts, however, the exact constituents of Ginkgolides contributing to their pharmacological effects remain unknown. Herein, we have determined the anti-inflammatory effects of Ginkgolide B (GB) and Ginkgolides mixture (GM) at equivalent dosages against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. RAW 264.7 cell culture model and mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury were used to evaluate in vitro and in vivo effects of GB and GM, respectively. In RAW 264.7 cells, GB and GM at equivalent dosages exhibit an identical capacity to attenuate LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA and protein expression and subsequent NO production. Likewise, GB and GM possess almost the same potency in attenuating LPS-induced expression and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (p65) and subsequent increases in tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels. In LPS-induced pulmonary injury, GB and GM at the equivalent dosages have equal efficiency in attenuating the accumulation of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages, and in improving the histological damage of lungs. Moreover, GB and GM at equivalent dosages decrease the exudation of plasma protein to the same degree, whereas GM is superior to GB in alleviating myeloperoxidase activities. Finally, though GB and GM at equivalent dosages appear to reduce LPS-induced IL-1β mRNA and protein levels and IL-10 protein levels to the same degree, GM is more potent than GB to attenuate the IL-10 mRNA levels. Taken together, this study demonstrates that GB functions as the determinant constituent of Ginkgolides in alleviating LPS-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fugen Wu
- Department of paediatrics, The First People's Hospital of Wenling City, Wenling City 317500, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City 310058, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City 310058, China
| | - Guojun Zhou
- Technological Center of China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., LTD, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Hongyi Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City 310058, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City 310058, China
| | - Weiqiang Xiao
- Technological Center of China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., LTD, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City 310058, China
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City 310058, China.
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Dai YW, Zhang CC, Zhao HX, Wan JZ, Deng LL, Zhou ZY, Dun YY, Liu CQ, Yuan D, Wang T. Chikusetsusaponin V attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2016; 38:167-74. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2016.1153109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Quality control evaluation of nutraceutical products from Ginkgo biloba using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:151-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ku CM, Lin JY. Farnesol, a sesquiterpene alcohol in essential oils, ameliorates serum allergic antibody titres and lipid profiles in ovalbumin-challenged mice. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2016; 44:149-59. [PMID: 26318416 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farnesol, a natural sesquiterpene alcohol in essential oils, was found to have potential for alleviating massive inflammation, oxidative stress and lung injury. However, effects of farnesol supplementation on allergic asthma remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To clarify the puzzle, this work investigates the effects of farnesol on allergic asthma using an ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitised and challenged mouse model. METHODS Farnesol was administered to OVA-sensitised and challenged mice for 5 weeks. Three farnesol doses, namely 5, 25 and 100mg farnesol/kg BW/day, non-sensitised control, dietary control, and positive control (dexamethasone 3mg/kg BW by gavage) were included. Sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from the experimental mice were collected to measure farnesol concentrations, serum lipid profiles, antibody titres, differential cell counts or Th1/Th2 cytokines levels. RESULTS The results showed that farnesol supplementation increased serum farnesol concentration dose-dependently, significantly increased (P<0.05) OVA-specific IgG2a/IgE antibody titre ratios, but decreased total IgE levels. Farnesol supplementation markedly reversed the aberrated LDL-c/HDL-c and HDL-c/TC ratios in the sera of asthmatic mice, suggesting that farnesol supplementation might ameliorate serum lipid profiles in the OVA-sensitised and challenged mice. CONCLUSION Our results evidenced that farnesol supplementation might improve serum allergic antibody titres and lipid profiles in asthmatic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-M Ku
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - J-Y Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
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Ginkgolide B protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against xenobiotic injuries via PXR activation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:177-86. [PMID: 26775663 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor that regulates a number of genes encoding drug metabolism enzymes and transporters and plays a key role in xeno- and endobiotic detoxification. Ginkgolide B has shown to increase the activity of PXR. Here we examined whether ginkgolide B activated PXR and attenuated xenobiotic-induced injuries in endothelial cells. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with ginkgolide B. The expression of PXR, CYP3A4, MDR1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and caspase-3 were quantified with qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry. Fluorescently labeled human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1 cells) were used to examine cell adhesion. RESULTS Ginkgolide B (30-300 μmol/L) did not change the mRNA and protein levels of PXR in the cells, but dose-dependently increased nuclear translocation of PXR protein. Ginkgolide B increased the expression of CYP3A4 and MDR1 in the cells, which was partially reversed by pretreatment with the selective PXR signaling antagonist sulforaphane, or transfection with PXR siRNA. Functionally, ginkgolide B dose-dependently attenuated doxorubicin- or staurosporine-induced apoptosis, which was reversed by transfection with PXR siRNA. Moreover, ginkgolide B suppressed TNF-α-induced THP-1 cell adhesion and TNF-α-induced expression of vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin in the cells, which was also reversed by transfection with PXR siRNA. CONCLUSION Ginkgolide B exerts anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells via PXR activation, suggesting that a PXR-mediated endothelial detoxification program may be important for protecting endothelial cells from xeno- and endobiotic-induced injuries.
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Ha EVS, Rogers DF. Novel Therapies to Inhibit Mucus Synthesis and Secretion in Airway Hypersecretory Diseases. Pharmacology 2015; 97:84-100. [PMID: 26674354 DOI: 10.1159/000442794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), airway mucus hypersecretion contributes to impaired mucociliary clearance, mucostasis and, potentially, the development of mucus plugging of the airways. SUMMARY Excess mucus production can be targeted via therapies that focus on inhibition mucin synthesis, via reducing expression of mucin (MUC) genes, and/or inhibition of mucin secretion into the airways. KEY MESSAGES This review discusses a number of therapeutic approaches to reduce airway mucus in asthma and COPD, including the use of synthetic and natural products. In particular, it highlights areas where clinical trials of inhibitors of particular target molecules are lacking. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors are an example of a targeted therapy that has been researched to reduce mucus synthesis, as have inhibitors of EGFR's downstream signalling pathways, for example, mitogen-activated protein kinase-13 and hypoxia inducible factor-1. However, their efficacy and safety profiles are currently not up to the mark. There is clinical potential in Bio-11006, which reduces mucus secretion via the inhibition of myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate and is currently in Phase IIb trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily V S Ha
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Lee CY, Yang JJ, Lee SS, Chen CJ, Huang YC, Huang KH, Kuan YH. Protective effect of Ginkgo biloba leaves extract, EGb761, on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury via a JNK- and Akt-dependent NFκB pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6337-6344. [PMID: 24956234 DOI: 10.1021/jf501913b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical syndrome mainly caused by Gram-negative bacteria which is still in need of an effective therapeutic medicine. EGb761, an extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves, has several bioeffects including anti-inflammation, cardioprotection, neuroprotection, and free radical scavenging. Preadministration of EGb761 inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced histopathological changes and exchange of arterial blood gas. In addition, LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), were suppressed by EGb761. The activation of nuclear factor (NF)κB, a transcription factor of proinflammatory mediators, and phosphorylation of IκB, an inhibitor of NFκB, were also reduced by EGb761. Furthermore, we found the inhibitory concentration of EGb761 on phosphorylation of JNK and Akt was less than those of ERK and p38 MAPK. In conclusion, EGb761 is a potential protective agent for ALI, possibly via downregulating the JNK- and Akt-dependent NFκB activation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ying Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University , No. 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Abstract
Abstract
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Mohanta TK, Tamboli Y, Zubaidha P. Phytochemical and medicinal importance ofGinkgo bilobaL. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:746-52. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2013.879303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Salidroside attenuates LPS-stimulated activation of THP-1 cell-derived macrophages through down-regulation of MAPK/NF-kB signaling pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 33:463-469. [PMID: 23904362 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-013-1143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Excessive activation of macrophages is implicated in various inflammatory injuries. Salidroside (Sal), one of the main bioactive components of Rhodiola Sachalinensis, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to examine the effect of Sal on the activation of macrophages and the possible mechanism. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated phrobol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-differentiated THP-1 macrophage models were established. The changes in the inflammatory profiles of THP-1-derived macrophages were determined. The results showed that Sal significantly decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at both mRNA and protein levels in THP-1-derived macrophages, and the effect was dose-depedent. Moreover, NF-κB activation was significantly suppressed and the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK was substantially down-regulated after Sal treatment. The findings suggested that Sal can suppress the activation of LPS-stimulated PMA-differetiated THP-1 cells, as evidenced by the decreased expression of iNOS, COX2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and the mechanism involves the inhibition of NF-κB activation and the phosphorylation of the MAPK signal pathway.
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Wu X, Zhou C, Du F, Lu Y, Peng B, Chen L, Zhu L. Ginkgolide B preconditioning on astrocytes promotes neuronal survival in ischemic injury via up-regulating erythropoietin secretion. Neurochem Int 2012. [PMID: 23201340 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although ischemic preconditioning (IP) can provide powerful protection on brain against ischemic insult, it is rarely used in clinic to prevent the occurrence of ischemic stroke because of safety concerns. It is therefore necessary to seek the safer stimuli to initiate pharmacological preconditioning. Our previous work demonstrated that ginkgolide B (GB) could protect neurons against ischemia-induced apoptosis. Astrocytes are the most numerous cells in mammalian central nervous system and there is a close bi-directional communication between neurons and astrocytes in brain. Besides neurons, whether GB can exert the role of preconditioning on astrocytes through which to further improve neuronal survival under ischemic condition is not yet known. In the present study, primary cultured astrocytes were treated with GB for 24h or short-term ischemia (ischemia for 3h, as ischemic preconditioning/IP), and then cultured back to normoxia and normal medium for 24h to induce the preconditioning response. Astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) was then collected and used to incubate the cultured neurons for 24h before neurons were subjected to severe ischemia. Our results demonstrated that not only GB and IP increased astrocytic viability in ischemia, but also the conditioned medium from astrocytes treated with GB or IP increased cell viability and decreased the number of apoptosis of neurons in ischemia. We also found that GB and IP significantly stimulated astrocytes to express and secrete erythropoietin (EPO) into ACM, and the addition of anti-EPO antibody blocked the protective effect of GB or IP-treated astrocytes culture medium on neurons in ischemia. Further study of above protection revealed that ACM from astrocytes treated with GB or IP induced the inactivation of proapoptotic factor Bad by phosphorylation at serine 136 and 112 ((136)p-Bad and (112)p-Bad) in neurons. Together, our results suggest that GB is capable of preconditioning on astrocytes as IP and then protects neurons against ischemia-induced apoptosis, which is mediated by EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute for Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, PR China
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Barrenäs F, Chavali S, Alves AC, Coin L, Jarvelin MR, Jörnsten R, Langston MA, Ramasamy A, Rogers G, Wang H, Benson M. Highly interconnected genes in disease-specific networks are enriched for disease-associated polymorphisms. Genome Biol 2012; 13:R46. [PMID: 22703998 PMCID: PMC3446318 DOI: 10.1186/gb-2012-13-6-r46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Complex diseases are associated with altered interactions between thousands of genes. We developed a novel method to identify and prioritize disease genes, which was generally applicable to complex diseases. Results We identified modules of highly interconnected genes in disease-specific networks derived from integrating gene-expression and protein interaction data. We examined if those modules were enriched for disease-associated SNPs, and could be used to find novel genes for functional studies. First, we analyzed publicly available gene expression microarray and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 13, highly diverse, complex diseases. In each disease, highly interconnected genes formed modules, which were significantly enriched for genes harboring disease-associated SNPs. To test if such modules could be used to find novel genes for functional studies, we repeated the analyses using our own gene expression microarray and GWAS data from seasonal allergic rhinitis. We identified a novel gene, FGF2, whose relevance was supported by functional studies using combined small interfering RNA-mediated knock-down and gene expression microarrays. The modules in the 13 complex diseases analyzed here tended to overlap and were enriched for pathways related to oncological, metabolic and inflammatory diseases. This suggested that this union of the modules would be associated with a general increase in susceptibility for complex diseases. Indeed, we found that this union was enriched with GWAS genes for 145 other complex diseases. Conclusions Modules of highly interconnected complex disease genes were enriched for disease-associated SNPs, and could be used to find novel genes for functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Barrenäs
- The Centre for Individualized Medication, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Chu X, Ci X, He J, Jiang L, Wei M, Cao Q, Guan M, Xie X, Deng X, He J. Effects of a natural prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor, rosmarinic acid, on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Molecules 2012; 17:3586-98. [PMID: 22441336 PMCID: PMC6269028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17033586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a polyphenolic phytochemical, is a natural prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor. In the present study, we found that RA exerted potent anti-inflammatory effects in in vivo models of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mice were pretreated with RA one hour before challenge with a dose of 0.5 mg/kg LPS. Twenty-four hours after LPS was given, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained to measure pro-inflammatory mediator and total cell counts. RA significantly decreased the production of LPS-induced TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-1β compare with the LPS group. When pretreated with RA (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) the lung wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio of the lung tissue and the number of total cells, neutrophils and macrophages in the BALF were decreased significantly. Furthermore, RA may enhance oxidase dimutase (SOD) activity during the inflammatory response to LPS-induced ALI. And we further demonstrated that RA exerts anti-inflammation effect in vivo models of ALI through suppresses ERK/MAPK signaling in a dose dependent manner. These studies have important implications for RA administration as a potential treatment for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xinxin Ci
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
| | - Lanxiang Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Miaomiao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Qingjun Cao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Mingfeng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xianxing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China
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Inhibitory effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-a and IL-1β production in THP-1 cells. Molecules 2012; 17:3155-64. [PMID: 22410422 PMCID: PMC6268450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17033155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), one of main bioactive components in Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activities, but the molecular mechanisms behind this activity are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate expression of inflammatory cytokines and the MAPK/NF-κB pathway in human THP-1 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that the concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β released from LPS stimulated THP-1 cells increased significantly compared to control (p < 0.01). After treatment with APS, the TNF-α and IL-1β levels were significantly lower than those in the LPS group (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β were also inhibited. Mechanistic studies indicated that APS strongly suppressed NF-κB activation and down-regulated the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, which are important signaling pathways involved in the production of TNF-α and IL-1β, demonstrating that APS could suppress the production of TNF-α and IL-1β by LPS stimulated macrophages by inhibiting NF-κB activation and ERK and JNK phosphorylation.
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