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Tian Y, Fan J, Wang R, Ding R, Zhao C, Xu J, Zhang Q, Nan T, Li X, Ye M. Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Panax notoginseng with protective effects against APAP-induced liver injury. Fitoterapia 2024; 178:106159. [PMID: 39127307 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Five previously undescribed protopanaxatriol-type saponins, notoginsenosides Ta-Te (1-5), together with eighteen known triterpenoid saponins (6-23) were isolated from the roots of Panax notoginseng. The structures of new compounds were determined by HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Compounds 1 and 2 were the first examples of ginsenosides featuring a 6-deoxy-β-d-glucose moiety from Panax species. Compounds 1-4, 7, 10, 12, 21-22 showed protective effects on L02 cells against the injury of acetaminophen (APAP). Among them, notoginsenoside R1 (12), ginsenoside Rg1 (21), and ginsenoside Re (22) were the most potent ones, with cell viabilities >80%. Moreover, compounds 12 and 22 remarkably alleviated APAP-induced liver injury in mice. These saponins are potential hepatoprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yungang Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rongshen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang City, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Ningxia Institute for Drug Control, No. 163, Fengyue Road, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Chunxue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tiegui Nan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijng 100700, China.
| | - Xianchan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, 27 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijng 100700, China; Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Research Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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2
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Xie Y, Li Z, Liang Y, Zhou T, Yuan X, Su X, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Wan Y, Su L, Lu T, Zhao X, Fu Y. Revealing the Mechanisms of Qilongtian Capsules in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Integrated Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Experiments. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32455-32468. [PMID: 39100362 PMCID: PMC11292813 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The Qilongtian capsule (QLT) is a Chinese patent medicine that has been approved for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the precise pharmacodynamic material basis and molecular mechanism have not been well illustrated. In this study, we identified the effect of QLT on COPD through a cigarette smoke extract (CSE)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced COPD mice model. The absorption of blood components in QLT were identified using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets and therapeutic mechanisms of QLT, which were further validated using in vivo experiments and molecular docking. Pharmacodynamic studies revealed that QLT could ameliorate pulmonary function and pulmonary pathology, reduce collagen fiber accumulation, and attenuate inflammatory responses in mice with CSE/LPS induced COPD. A total of 21 components of QLT absorbed in the blood were detected. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that TNF, IL-6, EGFR, and AKT1 may be the core targets, mainly involving the MAPK signaling pathway. Besides, Sachaloside II, Ginsenoside Rh1, Ginsenoside F1, Rosiridin, and Ginsenoside Rf were the key compounds. Molecular docking results showed that the key components could spontaneously bind to EGFR and MAPK to form a relatively stable conformation. In vivo experiments revealed that QLT could suppress the activation of the EGFR/MAPK signaling pathway, thereby improving lung injury in mice with COPD. Overall, these findings provide evidence for the treatment of COPD with QLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xie
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Zhengyan Li
- Department
of Pharmacy, Kunming Municipal Hospital
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650011, China
| | - Yiyao Liang
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xiaolin Yuan
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xuerong Su
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Zhitong Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Jiuba Zhang
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yi Wan
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lianlin Su
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Tulin Lu
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- School
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese
Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Department
of Pharmacy, Kunming Municipal Hospital
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650011, China
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3
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Xie Y, Wang C. Herb-drug interactions between Panax notoginseng or its biologically active compounds and therapeutic drugs: A comprehensive pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116156. [PMID: 36754189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbs, along with the use of herb-drug interactions (HDIs) to combat diseases, are increasing in popularity worldwide. HDIs have two effects: favorable interactions that tend to improve therapeutic outcomes and/or minimize the toxic effects of drugs, and unfavorable interactions aggravating the condition of patients. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is a medicinal plant that has long been commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to reduce swelling, relieve pain, clear blood stasis, and stop bleeding. Numerous studies have demonstrated the existence of intricate pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between P. notoginseng and conventional drugs. However, these HDIs have not been systematically summarized. AIM OF THE REVIEW To collect the available literature on the combined applications of P. notoginseng and drugs published from 2005 to 2022 and summarize the molecular mechanisms of interactions to circumvent the potential risks of combination therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI databases. The search terms included "notoginseng", "Sanqi", "drug interaction," "synergy/synergistic", "combination/combine", "enzyme", "CYP", and "transporter". RESULTS P. notoginseng and its bioactive ingredients interact synergistically with numerous drugs, including anticancer, antiplatelet, and antimicrobial agents, to surmount drug resistance and side effects. This review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms of the PD processed involved. P. notoginseng shapes the PK processes of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of other drugs by regulating metabolic enzymes and transporters, mainly cytochrome P450 enzymes and P-glycoprotein. This effect is a red flag for drugs with a narrow therapeutic window. Notably, amphipathic saponins in P. notoginseng act as auxiliary materials in drug delivery systems to enhance drug solubility and absorption and represent a new entry point for studying interactions. CONCLUSION This article provides a comprehensive overview of HDIs by analyzing the results of the in vivo and in vitro studies on P. notoginseng and its bioactive components. The knowledge presented here offers a scientific guideline for investigating the clinical importance of combination therapies. Physicians and patients need information on possible interactions between P. notoginseng and other drugs, and this review can help them make scientific predictions regarding the consequences of combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Sun Y, Fu X, Qu Y, Chen L, Liu X, He Z, Xu J, Yang J, Ma W, Li J, Guo Q, Zhang Y. Characterization of Ginsenosides from the Root of Panax ginseng by Integrating Untargeted Metabolites Using UPLC-Triple TOF-MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052068. [PMID: 36903315 PMCID: PMC10004652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the chemical distinctions of Panax ginseng Meyer in different growth environments and explore the effects of growth-environment factors on P. ginseng growth, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS/MS) was used to characterize the ginsenosides obtained by ultrasonic extraction from P. ginseng grown in different growing environments. Sixty-three ginsenosides were used as reference standards for accurate qualitative analysis. Cluster analysis was used to analyze the differences in main components and clarified the influence of growth environment factors on P. ginseng compounds. A total of 312 ginsenosides were identified in four types of P. ginseng, among which 75 were potential new ginsenosides. The number of ginsenosides in L15 was the highest, and the number of ginsenosides in the other three groups was similar, but it was a great difference in specie of ginsenosides. The study confirmed that different growing environments had a great influence on the constituents of P. ginseng, and provided a new breakthrough for the further study of the potential compounds in P. ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiaojie Fu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ying Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zichao He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qingmei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-0531-82805106 (Q.G.); +86-10-82805106 (Y.Z.)
| | - Youbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: (Q.G.); (Y.Z.); Tel.: +86-0531-82805106 (Q.G.); +86-10-82805106 (Y.Z.)
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5
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Li X, Liu J, Zuo TT, Hu Y, Li Z, Wang HD, Xu XY, Yang WZ, Guo DA. Advances and challenges in ginseng research from 2011 to 2020: the phytochemistry, quality control, metabolism, and biosynthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:875-909. [PMID: 35128553 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00071c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2011 to the end of 2020Panax species (Araliaceae), particularly P. ginseng, P. quinquefolius, and P. notoginseng, have a long history of medicinal use because of their remarkable tonifying effects, and currently serve as crucial sources for various healthcare products, functional foods, and cosmetics, aside from their vast clinical preparations. The huge market demand on a global scale prompts the continuous prosperity in ginseng research concerning the discovery of new compounds, precise quality control, ADME (absorption/disposition/metabolism/excretion), and biosynthesis pathways. Benefitting from the ongoing rapid development of analytical technologies, e.g. multi-dimensional chromatography (MDC), personalized mass spectrometry (MS) scan strategies, and multi-omics, highly recognized progress has been made in driving ginseng analysis towards "systematicness, integrity, personalization, and intelligentization". Herein, we review the advances in the phytochemistry, quality control, metabolism, and biosynthesis pathway of ginseng over the past decade (2011-2020), with 410 citations. Emphasis is placed on the introduction of new compounds isolated (saponins and polysaccharides), and the emerging novel analytical technologies and analytical strategies that favor ginseng's authentic use and global consumption. Perspectives on the challenges and future trends in ginseng analysis are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Tian-Tian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China. .,College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hong-da Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Wen-Zhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - De-An Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai, Tianjin 301617, China. .,Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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6
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Li JJ, Yang L, Miao CP, Teng YJ, Fu ZH, Cheng CL, Chang XX, Qian Y, Zhao LX. Impact of rhizosphere microorganisms on arsenic (As) transformation and accumulation in a traditional Chinese medical plant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:60923-60934. [PMID: 34165739 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14500-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng is an important traditional medicinal plant, but the commercial value is threatened by root-rot disease caused by rhizosphere microbes and a potential health risk caused by plant arsenic (As) accumulation. Whether rhizospheric microbes isolated from P. notoginseng rhizosphere soil could impact As uptake and transport into P. notoginseng is not yet known. Among the three root-rot disease-causing pathogens Fusarium flocciferum (PG 1), Fusarium oxysporum (PG 2), and Fusarium solani (PG 3) and one root-rot disease biocontrol fungus Trichoderma koningiopsis (FC 1) and five biocontrol-exerting bacterial species Bacillus siamensis (BC 1), Delftia acidovorans (BC 2), Brevibacillus formosus (BC 3), Mortierella alpine (BC 4), and Bacillus subtilis (BC 5), one As-resistant pathogen and four biocontrol microorganisms with As-resistant ability were identified. The As-transforming ability of the identified fungi and bacteria was ranked in the order of FC 1 > PG 1 and BC 2 > BC 3 > BC 1, respectively. Then, the As-resistant biocontrol and pathogenic microbes were initiated to colonize the rhizosphere of 1-year-old P. notoginseng seedlings growing in artificially As(V)-contaminated soil to evaluate the impact of microbe inoculation on P. notoginseng As uptake and transport capacity. Concentration of As in P. notoginseng tissues decreased in the order of the sequence stem > root > leaf. Compared to treatment without colonization by microorganism, inoculation with microorganisms increased As root uptake efficiency and root As concentration, especially under treatment of inoculation by BC 2 and PG 1 + BC 2. As transport efficiency from root to stem decreased by inoculation with microorganism, especially under treatment with inoculation of BC 2 and PG 1 + BC 2. However, the impact of microorganism colonization on As stem to leaf transport efficiency was not obvious. In summary, inoculation with rhizosphere microbes may increase As accumulation in P. notoginseng root, especially when using bacteria with high As transformation ability. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the As transformation capacity before applying biological control microorganism to the rhizosphere of P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui-Ping Miao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Teng
- Technology Center of Kunming Customs District P. R. China, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Hao Fu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Lei Cheng
- Analysis and Measurements Center of Yunnan Provincial Non-ferrous Geology Bureau, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Xiu Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, No. 2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Li C, Wang X, Bi Y, Yu H, Wei J, Zhang Y, Han L, Zhang Y. Potent Inhibitors of Organic Anion Transporters 1 and 3 From Natural Compounds and Their Protective Effect on Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy. Toxicol Sci 2021; 175:279-291. [PMID: 32159797 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporters 1 and 3 (OAT1 and OAT3) play a critical role in renal drug-drug interactions and are involved in the nephrotoxicity of many anionic xenobiotics. To date, relatively little is known about the interaction of natural compounds with OAT1 and OAT3. Of the 270 natural compounds screened in the present study, 21 compounds inhibited OAT1 and 45 compounds inhibited OAT3. Further concentration-dependent studies identified 7 OAT1 inhibitors and 10 OAT3 inhibitors with IC50 values of <10 μM, and most of them were flavonoids, the most commonly ingested polyphenolic compounds in the diet and herbal products. Computational modeling of OAT1 and OAT3 revealed the important residues for the recognition of inhibitors. The two strong OAT inhibitors, namely wedelolactone and wogonin, were evaluated for their in vivo interactions with the OAT substrate aristolochic acid I (AAI), a natural compound causing aristolochic acid-induced nephropathy (AAN) in many species. The cytotoxicity of AAI increased in two OAT-overexpressing cell lines, with more cytotoxicity in OAT1-overexpressing cells, suggesting a more important role of OAT1 than OAT3 in AAN. Both wedelolactone and wogonin markedly increased serum AAI concentrations in AAI-treated rats and ameliorated kidney injuries in AAI-treated mice. To conclude, the present findings are of significant value in understanding natural compound-drug interactions and provide a natural source for developing treatments for AAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yajuan Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Heshui Yu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin 300193, P.R. China
| | - Youcai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
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8
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Chen Y, Wang S, Yang S, Li R, Yang Y, Chen Y, Zhang W. Inhibitory role of ginsenoside Rb2 in endothelial senescence and inflammation mediated by microRNA‑216a. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:415. [PMID: 33786633 PMCID: PMC8025470 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting microRNAs (miRs) using small chemical molecules has become a promising strategy for disease treatment. miR‑216a has been reported to be a potential therapeutic target in endothelial senescence and atherosclerosis via the Smad3/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Ginsenoside Rb2 (Rb2) is the main bioactive component extracted from the plant Panax ginseng, and is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, Rb2 was identified to have a high score for miR‑216a via bioinformatics analysis based on its sequence and structural features. The microscale thermophoresis experiment further demonstrated that Rb2 had a specific binding affinity for miR‑216a and the dissociation constant was 17.6 µM. In both young and senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), as well as human aortic endothelial cells, Rb2 decreased the expression of endogenous miR‑216a. Next, a replicative endothelial senescence model of HUVECs was established by infection with pre‑miR‑216a recombinant lentiviruses (Lv‑miR‑216a) and the number of population‑doubling level (PDL) was calculated. Stable overexpression of miR‑216a induced a premature senescent‑like phenotype, whereas the senescent features and increased activity of senescence‑associated β‑galactosidase (SA‑β‑gal) were reversed after Rb2 treatment. The percentage of SA‑β‑gal‑positive cells in senescent PDL25 cells transfected with Lv‑miR‑216a was decreased 76% by Rb2 treatment compared with the Lv‑miR‑216a group without Rb2 treatment (P=0.01). Mechanistically, miR‑216a inhibited Smad3 protein expression, promoted IκBα degradation and activated NF‑κB‑responsive genes, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), which promoted the adhesiveness of endothelial cells to monocytes. These pro‑inflammatory effects of miR‑216a were significantly suppressed by Rb2 treatment. When Smad3 was suppressed by small interfering RNA, the elevated expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and VCAM1 induced by miR‑216a were significantly reversed. Collectively, to the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrated for the first time that Rb2 exerted an anti‑inflammation effect on the process of endothelial cell senescence and could be a potential therapeutic drug by targeting miR‑216a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Chen
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P.R. China
| | - Shuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Rongxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
| | - Weili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, P.R. China
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Yin Q, Han X, Chen J, Han Z, Shen L, Sun W, Chen S. Identification of Specific Glycosyltransferases Involved in Flavonol Glucoside Biosynthesis in Ginseng Using Integrative Metabolite Profiles, DIA Proteomics, and Phylogenetic Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1714-1726. [PMID: 33512142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ginseng contains a variety of flavonol glycosides that possess diverse biological activities; however, scant information of flavonoid glycosylation was reported in ginseng. We found that panasenoside and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside were commonly accumulated along with cultivation years in leaves. In order to explore the procedure of flavonol glycosylation in ginseng, 50 UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) were screened out using differentiated data-independent acquisition (DIA) proteomics and phylogenetic analysis. UGT92A10 and UGT94Q4 were found contributing to the formation of kaempferol 3-O-glucoside. UGT73A18, UGT74T4, and UGT75W1 could catalyze galactosylation of kaempferol 3-O-glucoside. Ser278, Trp335, Gln338, and Val339 were found forming hydrogen bonds with UDP-galactose in UGT75W1 by docking. MeJA induced transcripts of UGT73A18 and UGT74T4 by over fourfold, consistent with the decrease of kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, which indicated that these genes may be related to resisting adversity stress in ginseng. These results highlight the significance of integrative metabolite profiles, proteomics, and phylogenetic analysis for exploring flavonol glycosylation in ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinggang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaoyan Han
- Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jingwang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zongxian Han
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
- Beijing Museum of Natural History, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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10
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Tian M, Li LN, Zheng RR, Yang L, Wang ZT. Advances on hormone-like activity of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 18:526-535. [PMID: 32616193 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been paid much attentions due to the prevention and treatment of steroid hormone disorders. Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae), is one of the most valuable herbs in complementary and alternative medicines around the world. A series of dammarane triterpenoid saponins, also known as phytosteroids, were reported as the primary ingredients of Ginseng, and indicated broad spectral pharmacological actions, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and anti-fatigue. The skeletons of the dammarane triterpenoid aglycone are structurally similar to the steroid hormones. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that Ginseng and its active ingredients have beneficial hormone-like role in hormonal disorders. This review thus summarizes the structural similarities between hormones and dammarane ginsenosides and integrates the analogous effect of Ginseng and ginsenosides on prevention and treatment of hormonal disorders published in recent twenty years (1998-2018). The review may provide convenience for anticipate structure-function relationship between saponins structure and hormone-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tian
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin-Nan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui-Rong Zheng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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11
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Liu L, Xu FR, Wang YZ. Traditional uses, chemical diversity and biological activities of Panax L. (Araliaceae): A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 263:112792. [PMID: 32311488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax L. (Araliaceae) is globally-recognized plant resource suitable for the globalization of traditional Chinese medicines. It has traditionally been used as tonic agents in various ethnomedicinal systems of East Asia, especially in China. It is often used to regulate bodily functions and considered as adjuvant therapy for tumor, resuscitation of traumatic hemorrhagic shock, etc. AIM OF THIS REVIEW: This review systematically summarized the information on distributions, botanical characteristics, traditional uses, chemical components and biological activities of the genus Panax, in order to explore and exploit the therapeutic potential of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information about genus Panax was collected via the online search on Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Baidu Scholar, Science Direct, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Springer search. The keywords used include Panax, saponin, secondary metabolites, chemical components, biological activity, pharmacology, traditional medicinal uses, safety and other related words. The Plant List (www.theplantlist.org) and Catalogue of Life: 2019 Annual Checklist (www.catalogueoflife.org/col/) databases were used to provide the scientific names, subspecies classification and distribution information of Panax. RESULTS Panax is widely assessed concerning its phytochemistry and biological activities. To date, at least 748 chemical compounds from genus Panax were isolated, including saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, steroids and phenols. Among them, triterpenoid saponins and polysaccharides were the representative active ingredients of Panax plants, which have been widely investigated. Modern pharmacological studies showed that these compounds exhibited a wide range of biological activities in vitro and in vivo including antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, hepatorenal protective, neuroprotective, immunoregulatory, cardioprotective and antidiabetic activities. Many studies also confirmed that the mechanisms of organ-protective were closely related to molecular signaling pathways, the expression of related proteins and antioxidant reactions. To sum up, genus Panax has high medicinal and social value, deserving further investigation. CONCLUSIONS The genus Panax is very promising to be fully utilized in the development of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. However, there is a lack of in-depth studies on ethnomedicinal uses of Panax plants. In addition, further studies of single chemical component should be performed based on the diversity of chemical structure, significant biological activities and clinical application. If the bioactive molecules and multicomponent interactions are discovered, it will be of great significance to the clinical application of Panax plants. It is an urgent requirement to carry out detailed phytochemical, pharmacology and clinical research on Panax classical prescriptions for the establishment of modern medication guidelines. Exploring the molecular basis of herbal synergistic actions may provide a new understanding of the complex disease mechanisms and accelerate the process of pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Fu-Rong Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China.
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12
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Zuo T, Zhang C, Li W, Wang H, Hu Y, Yang W, Jia L, Wang X, Gao X, Guo D. Offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry enabling four-dimensional separation and characterization of the multicomponents from white ginseng and red ginseng. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:597-609. [PMID: 33425454 PMCID: PMC7775852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherent complexity of plant metabolites necessitates the use of multi-dimensional information to accomplish comprehensive profiling and confirmative identification. A dimension-enhanced strategy, by offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography/ion mobility-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (2D-LC/IM-QTOF-MS) enabling four-dimensional separations (2D-LC, IM, and MS), is proposed. In combination with in-house database-driven automated peak annotation, this strategy was utilized to characterize ginsenosides simultaneously from white ginseng (WG) and red ginseng (RG). An offline 2D-LC system configuring an Xbridge Amide column and an HSS T3 column showed orthogonality 0.76 in the resolution of ginsenosides. Ginsenoside analysis was performed by data-independent high-definition MSE (HDMSE) in the negative ESI mode on a Vion™ IMS-QTOF hybrid high-resolution mass spectrometer, which could better resolve ginsenosides than MSE and directly give the CCS information. An in-house ginsenoside database recording 504 known ginsenosides and 58 reference compounds, was established to assist the identification of ginsenosides. Streamlined workflows, by applying UNIFI™ to automatedly annotate the HDMSE data, were proposed. We could separate and characterize 323 ginsenosides (including 286 from WG and 306 from RG), and 125 thereof may have not been isolated from the Panax genus. The established 2D-LC/IM-QTOF-HDMSE approach could also act as a magnifier to probe differentiated components between WG and RG. Compared with conventional approaches, this dimension-enhanced strategy could better resolve coeluting herbal components and more efficiently, more reliably identify the multicomponents, which, we believe, offers more possibilities for the systematic exposure and confirmative identification of plant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zuo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Chunxia Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Hongda Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Li Jia
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Dean Guo
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Tianjin, 300193, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
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13
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Meng Z, Huang Y, Wang L, Jiang K, Guo L, Wang J, Yin G, Wang T. Quality evaluation of
Panax notoginseng
using high‐performance liquid chromatography with chemical pattern recognition. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.202000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Meng
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- School of pharmacyShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Yang Huang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesDepartment of PharmaceuticsChina Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Kun Jiang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Linxiu Guo
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Guo Yin
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
| | - Tiejie Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for drug control Shenzhen P. R. China
- School of pharmacyShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang P. R. China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Standard Research Shenzhen P. R. China
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14
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Chen J, Tan M, Zou L, Liu X, Chen S, Shi J, Chen C, Wang C, Mei Y. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Saponins in Panacis Japonici Rhizoma Using Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Triple Quadrupole-Time of Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Triple Quadrupole-Linear Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2019; 67:839-848. [PMID: 31366833 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c19-00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Panacis Japonici Rhizoma (PJR) contains various kinds of saponins, which possesses extensive pharmacological activities, but studies of comprehensive analysis of its saponins were limited. Thus, ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS) and ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) methods were established for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the saponins in PJR, separately. Fifty three saponins in PJR were identified by UFLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS method, 23 saponins of which were unequivocally identified by reference substances. In addition, fragmentation pathways of different types of saponins were preliminarily deduced by fragmentation behavior of 53 saponins. Furthermore, the simultaneous determination of the contents of 13 saponins in PJR samples harvested at different times were analyzed by UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS method. Furthermore, the quality of the samples was evaluated by grey relational analysis. This study might be beneficial to the quality assessment and control of PJR. Meanwhile, it might provide the basic information for confirming its optimal harvested period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Mengxia Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Lisi Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Shuyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Jingjing Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Cuihua Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Yuqi Mei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine
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15
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Sun WJ, Zhu HT, Zhang TY, Zhang MY, Wang D, Yang CR, Zhang YX, Zhang YJ. Two New Alkaloids from Fusarium tricinctum SYPF 7082, an Endophyte from the Root of Panax notoginseng. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2018; 8:391-396. [PMID: 29915912 PMCID: PMC6109442 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-018-0171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (Araliaceae) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine mainly cultivated in Yunnan and Guangxi provinces of China. Two new alkaloids, rigidiusculamide E (1) and [-(α-oxyisohexanoyl-N-methyl-leucyl)2-] (2), together with two known ones, (-)-oxysporidinone (3) and (-)-4,6'-anhydrooxysporidinone (4) were isolated from the mycelia culture of Fusarium tricinctum SYPF 7082, an endophytic fungus obtained from the healthy root of P. notoginseng. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1-4 were tested for their inhibitory effects against NO production on Murine macrophage cell line, and the new compound 2 showed significant inhibitory activity on NO production with the IC50 value of 18.10 ± 0.16 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Yuan Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yue Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong-Ren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xuan Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
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16
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FT-MIR and NIR spectral data fusion: a synergetic strategy for the geographical traceability of Panax notoginseng. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 410:91-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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17
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Cong F, Liu J, Wang C, Yuan Z, Bi L, Liang J, Su K, Qiu Y, Song T, Fan J, Chao G. Ginsenoside Rb2 inhibits osteoclast differentiation through nuclear factor-kappaB and signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:927-934. [PMID: 28605877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2) is a 20(S)-protopanaxadiol glycoside extracted from ginseng possessing various bioactivities which has drawn considerable interest regarding the area of bone metabolism. However, the effect of Rb2 on osteoclast differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of Rb2 in regulating osteoclast differentiation and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Osteoclast differentiation was induced by receptor activator nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in mouse RAW 264.7 cells. The results showed that Rb2 dose-dependently inhibited the formation of the tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells and TRAP expression. Furthermore, Rb2 promoted osteoprotegerin expression and bone resorption. The expression of osteoclast marker genes including nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1), c-Fos, OSCAR, and cathepsin K were also markedly inhibited by Rb2 treatment. Moreover, Rb2 significantly inhibited the RANKL-induced NF-κB activation. In addition, Rb2 also markedly suppressed the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. Interestingly, the knockdown of STAT3 significantly strengthened the inhibitory effect of Rb2 on osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, our study suggests that Rb2 inhibits osteoclast differentiation associated with blocking NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cong
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Zhi Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Long Bi
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jidong Liang
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ke Su
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yucheng Qiu
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Jinzhu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Gao Chao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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18
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Abstract
Covering: 2013. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2015, 29, 1028-1065This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids reported during 2013 including squalene derivatives, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, serratanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins; 350 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- School of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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19
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Wang CZ, Anderson S, Yuan CS. Phytochemistry and Anticancer Potential of Notoginseng. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:23-34. [PMID: 26916912 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Asian ginseng, American ginseng, and notoginseng are three major species in the ginseng family. Notoginseng is a Chinese herbal medicine with a long history of use in many Oriental countries. This botanical has a distinct ginsenoside profile compared to other ginseng herbs. As a saponin-rich plant, notoginseng could be a good candidate for cancer chemoprevention. However, to date, only relatively limited anticancer studies have been conducted on notoginseng. In this paper, after reviewing its anticancer data, phytochemical isolation and analysis of notoginseng is presented in comparison with Asian ginseng and American ginseng. Over 80 dammarane saponins have been isolated and elucidated from different plant parts of notoginseng, most of them belonging to protopanaxadiol or protopanaxatriol groups. The role of the enteric microbiome in mediating notoginseng metabolism, bioavailability, and pharmacological actions are discussed. Emphasis has been placed on the identification and isolation of enteric microbiome-generated notoginseng metabolites. Future investigations should provide key insights into notoginseng's bioactive metabolites as clinically valuable anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- * Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Samantha Anderson
- * Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- * Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,† Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Quality Assessment of Panax notoginseng from Different Regions through the Analysis of Marker Chemicals, Biological Potency and Ecological Factors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164384. [PMID: 27723805 PMCID: PMC5056725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen, called Sanqi in China, is a perennial herb that has been used as a medicinal herb in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 400 years. Because notoginseng is included in many proprietary Chinese medicines, the quality of notoginseng directly affects its efficacy and safety. However, considering the complex and special growth environment requirements of notoginseng, it is insufficient to evaluate its quality based solely on the analysis of marker chemicals. Thus, in this study, we tried to evaluate the quality of notoginseng with integrated indicators: (1) the concentration of five marker chemicals, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rd; (2) the anticoagulant activity (ACA); and (3) twenty-one ecological factors (e.g., longitude, latitude, elevation and soil data). Using these 27 parameters, notoginseng from different regions could be distinguished effectively, indicating a remarkable divergence of quality. A correlation analysis showed that variations of the ecological factors were closely associated with the saponins content and biopotency. For instance, the total nitrogen (TN), alkali hydrolysis nitrogen (AHN) and rapidly available potassium (RAPT) were significantly correlated with ACA, and RAPT was significantly correlated with the content of ginsenoside Rd and notoginsenoside R1. The results demonstrated that the high-quality notoginseng was produced from the emerging regions such as Kunming, Qujing and Honghe, which had higher ACA and saponin content than the notoginseng produced in traditional regions such as Wenshan and Baise.
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Wang T, Guo R, Zhou G, Zhou X, Kou Z, Sui F, Li C, Tang L, Wang Z. Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 188:234-58. [PMID: 27154405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine known as Sanqi or Tianqi in China. This plant, which is distributed primarily in the southwest of China, has wide-ranging pharmacological effects and can be used to treat cardiovascular diseases, pain, inflammation and trauma as well as internal and external bleeding due to injury. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This paper provides up-to-date information on investigations of this plant, including its botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. The possible uses and perspectives for future investigation of this plant are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant information on Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen was collected from numerous resources, including classic books about Chinese herbal medicine, and scientific databases, including Pubmed, SciFinder, ACS, Ebsco, Elsevier, Taylor, Wiley and CNKI. RESULTS More than 200 chemical compounds have been isolated from Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen, including saponins, flavonoids and cyclopeptides. The plant has pharmacological effects on the cardiovascular system, immune system as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, haemostatic and anti-tumour activities, etc. CONCLUSIONS Panax notoginseng is a valuable traditional Chinese medical herb with multiple pharmacological effects. This review summarizes the botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of P. notoginseng, and presents the constituents and their corresponding chemical structures found in P. notoginseng comprehensively for the first time. Future research into its phytochemistry of bio-active components should be performed by using bioactivity-guided isolation strategies. Further work on elucidation of the structure-function relationship among saponins, understanding of multi-target network pharmacology of P. notoginseng, as well as developing its new clinical usage and comprehensive utilize will enhance the therapeutic potentials of P. notoginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Rixin Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guohong Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xidan Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhenzhen Kou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liying Tang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Zhuju Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Ave., Beijing 100700, China.
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Zheng YK, Miao CP, Chen HH, Huang FF, Xia YM, Chen YW, Zhao LX. Endophytic fungi harbored in Panax notoginseng: diversity and potential as biological control agents against host plant pathogens of root-rot disease. J Ginseng Res 2016; 41:353-360. [PMID: 28701877 PMCID: PMC5489767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endophytic fungi play an important role in balancing the ecosystem and boosting host growth. In the present study, we investigated the endophytic fungal diversity of healthy Panax notoginseng and evaluated its potential antimicrobial activity against five major phytopathogens causing root-rot of P. notoginseng. Methods A culture-dependent technique, combining morphological and molecular methods, was used to analyze endophytic fungal diversity. A double-layer agar technique was used to challenge the phytopathogens of P. notoginseng. Results A total of 89 fungi were obtained from the roots, stems, leaves, and seeds of P. notoginseng, and 41 isolates representing different morphotypes were selected for taxonomic characterization. The fungal isolates belonged to Ascomycota (96.6%) and Zygomycota (3.4%). All isolates were classified to 23 genera and an unknown taxon belonging to Sordariomycetes. The number of isolates obtained from different tissues ranged from 12 to 42 for leaves and roots, respectively. The selected endophytic fungal isolates were challenged by the root-rot pathogens Alternaria panax, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Phoma herbarum, and Mycocentrospora acerina. Twenty-six of the 41 isolates (63.4%) exhibited activity against at least one of the pathogens tested. Conclusion Our results suggested that P. notoginseng harbors diversified endophytic fungi that would provide a basis for the identification of new bioactive compounds, and for effective biocontrol of notoginseng root rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Kun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Cui-Ping Miao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hua-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, China
| | - Fang-Fang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Mei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - You-Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Xing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Du YG, Wang LP, Qian JW, Zhang KN, Chai KF. Panax notoginseng saponins protect kidney from diabetes by up-regulating silent information regulator 1 and activating antioxidant proteins in rats. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 22:910-917. [PMID: 26712211 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of the protective effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on kidney in diabetic rats. METHODS Diabetic rat model was obtained by intravenous injection of alloxan, and the rats were divided into model, PNS-100 mg/(kg day) and PNS-200 mg/(kg day) groups, 10 each. Another 10 rats injected with saline were served as control. Periodic acid-Schiff staining and immunological histological chemistry were used to observe histomorphology and tissue expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7). Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was silenced in rat mesangial cells by RNA interference. The mRNA expressions of SIRT-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The protein expressions of SIRT1 and the acetylation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) P65 were determined by western blotting. The concentration of MCP-1, TGF-β1 and malondialdehyde (MDA) in culture supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by the classical method of nitrogen and blue four. RESULTS In diabetic model rats, PNS could not only reduce blood glucose and lipid (P<0.01), but also increase protein level of BMP-7 and inhibit PAI-1 expression for suppressing fibrosis of the kidney. In rat mesangial cells, PNS could up-regulate the expression of SIRT1 (P<0.01) and in turn suppress the transcription of TGF-β1 (P<0.05) and MCP-1 (P<0.05). PNS could also reverse the increased acetylation of NF-κB p65 by high glucose. In addition, redox regulation factor MDA was down-regulated (P<0.05) and SOD was up-regulated (P<0.01), which were both induced by SIRT1 up-regulation. CONCLUSIONS PNS could protect kidney from diabetes with the possible mechanism of up-regulating SIRT1, therefore inhibiting inflammation through decreasing the induction of inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β1, as well as activating antioxidant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Guang Du
- Department of Pathyology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Li-Pei Wang
- Department of Pathyology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jun-Wen Qian
- National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ke-Na Zhang
- Department of Pathyology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ke-Fu Chai
- National Clinical Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Wang LL, Han LF, Yu HS, Sang MM, Liu EW, Zhang Y, Fang SM, Wang T, Gao XM. Analysis of the Constituents in "Zhu She Yong Xue Shuan Tong" by Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Combined with Preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Molecules 2015; 20:20518-37. [PMID: 26593895 PMCID: PMC6332010 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
“Zhu She Yong Xue Shuan Tong” lyophilized powder (ZSYXST), consists of a series of saponins extracted from Panax notoginseng, which has been widely used in China for the treatment of strokes. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) combined with preparative high performance liquid chromatography (PHPLC) method was developed to rapidly identify both major and minor saponins in ZSYXST. Some high content components were removed through PHPLC in order to increase the sensitivity of the trace saponins. Then, specific characteristic fragment ions in both positive and negative mode were utilized to determine the types of aglycone, saccharide, as well as the saccharide chain linkages. As a result, 94 saponins, including 20 pairs of isomers and ten new compounds, which could represent higher than 98% components in ZSYXST, were identified or tentatively identified in commercial ZSYXST samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Li-Feng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - He-Shui Yu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Mang-Mang Sang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Er-Wei Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Fang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
| | - Xiu-Mei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China.
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Xie Z, Loi Truong T, Zhang P, Xu F, Xu X, Li P. Dan-Qi prescription ameliorates insulin resistance through overall corrective regulation of glucose and fat metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 172:70-79. [PMID: 26087232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danshen and Sanqi Prescription (Dan-Qi) is commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in China. Since Danshen and Sanqi are reported to ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders at treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Meanwhile, it is reported that co-administration of Danshen and Sanqi exhibited significant pharmacokinetic herb-herb interactions. We reasoned that Danshen and Sanqi combination could be potentially function synergistically in treating diet induced insulin resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using high calori food induced Drosophila and mice models, we assessed Danshen and Sanqi treatment for their anti-diabetic effects. RESULTS The combination of Danshen and Sanqi (Dan-Qi) effectively improved fat and glucose metabolism of the high-sugar and high-fat diet fed fruit flies. More importantly, Dan-Qi significantly ameliorated hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia phenotype caused in high-fat diet induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. The Dan-Qi treated DIO mice showed lower fasting insulin, triglycerides, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in plasma, much better than Danshen or Sanqi treated alone. It was shown that Dan-Qi prescription reduced fat accumulation in the liver with Sanqi playing the major role. Interestingly, it was not Danshen or Sanqi alone, but the combination markedly increased glycogen deposition in mice liver. Quantitative RT-PCR showed Dan-Qi increased liver glycogen synthesis gene like Glut-1, GK, and Glut-4, reduced fat and cholesterol anabolism genes such as SREBP-1c, ACC, ATP-CL, ACS. Meanwhilpose tissues and muscle tissues, the glucose and fat metabolism genes are changed accordingly to pro-catabolism status. Notably, endogenous plasma metabolites of Dan-Qi treated mice displayed much better overral rectifying effects than the Danshen or Sanqi alone. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that Danshen and Sanqi combination exerted significant anti-diabetic efficacy, and Dan-Qi prescription could be potentially considered as a therapeutic application in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Thanh Loi Truong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fengguo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009 Nanjing, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Han L, Shi P, Dong Y, Wang T, Li X, Hao J, Zhang Y, Wang T. New Rare Sinapoyl Acylated Flavonoid Glycosides Obtained from the Seeds of Lepidium apetalum Willd. Molecules 2015; 20:13982-96. [PMID: 26247923 PMCID: PMC6332256 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200813982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven new rare sinapoyl acylated flavonoid glycosides, apetalumosides A1 (1), B8 (2), B9 (3), B10 (4), B11 (5), B12 (6), and C1 (7) were isolated from the seeds of Lepidium apetalum Willd. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (L.H.); (T.W.)
| | - Pingping Shi
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (P.S.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Yongzhe Dong
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (P.S.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Tingting Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (L.H.); (T.W.)
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (P.S.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Jia Hao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (P.S.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (P.S.); (Y.D.); (X.L.); (J.H.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (T.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-225-959-6163 (Y.Z./T.W.)
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshan Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; E-Mails: (L.H.); (T.W.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (T.W.); Tel./Fax: +86-225-959-6163 (Y.Z./T.W.)
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Gao B, Huang Q, Jie Q, Zhang HY, Wang L, Guo YS, Sun Z, Wei BY, Han YH, Liu J, Yang L, Luo ZJ. Ginsenoside-Rb2 inhibits dexamethasone-induced apoptosis through promotion of GPR120 induction in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 24:781-90. [PMID: 25314926 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) is an essential pathogenic factor of osteoporosis. Ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2), a 20(S)-protopanaxadiol glycoside extracted from ginseng, is a potent treatment for bone loss, which raises interest regarding the bone metabolism area. In the present study, we found that dose-response Rb2 inhibited high dosage of dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis in primary murine BMMSCs. Interestingly, Rb2 promoted GPR120 induction, which is the unsaturated long-chain fatty acid receptor. We further confirmed that GPR120-specific ShRNA reversed the inhibition of Rb2 on Dex-induced apoptosis by activating caspase-3 and reducing cell viability. In addition, Rb2 notably increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels and Ras kinase activity dependently through the GPR120. The ERK1/2 activity-specific inhibitor U0126 remarkably blocked the Rb2-induced antiapoptotic effect in response to Dex-induced apoptosis. Together, dose-response Rb2 protected BMMSCs against Dex-induced apoptosis dependently by inducing GPR120 promoted Ras-ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Therefore, in the prevalence of the abuse of Dex in the clinic, our findings suggest for the first time that Rb2 is not only a key to understand the link between Chinese medicine and the pathology of osteoporosis but also an underlying target for the treatment of bone complications in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Gao
- Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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Liu K, Zheng Y, Miao C, Xiong Z, Xu L, Guan H, Yang Y, Zhao L. The antifungal metabolites obtained from the rhizospheric Aspergillus sp. YIM PH30001 against pathogenic fungi of Panax notoginseng. Nat Prod Res 2014; 28:2334-7. [PMID: 25022791 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.935941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Eight anthraquinones (1-8), three xanthones (11-13) and two phenols (9-10) were isolated from Aspergillus sp. associated with Panax notoginseng, and their structures were determined as ziganein-1-methyl ether (1), 8-O-methylchrysophanol (2), averythrin (3), averufin (4), 8-O-methyl averufin (5), versicolorin B (6), averantin (7), methyl-averantin (8), arugosin C (9), diorcinol (10), sterigmatocystin (11), demethylsterigmatocystin (12) and dihydrosterigmatocystin (13) by spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1, 2 and 5 were the novel isolates from genus Aspergillus. Compounds 3, 6 and 7 exhibited antifungal activity against Fusariumsolani, pathogenic fungus of P. notoginseng, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 16-32 μg/mL, and compounds 1, 3, 4, 7 and 9 showed antibacterial activity against Bacillussubtilis with MICs of 64-128 μg/mL, 16-32 μg/mL, 8-16 μg/mL, 16-32 μg/mL and 64-128 μg/mL, respectively. The metabolites showed the potential value in the research of antifungal agents, especially in searching for a biocontrol of diseases of P. notoginseng. The preliminary structure-activity relationships have been discussed for some of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China of Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources , Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P.R. China
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