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Dai Y, Sun L, Tan Y, Xu W, Liu S, Zhou J, Hu Y, Lin J, Yao X, Mi P, Zheng X. Recent progress in the development of ursolic acid derivatives as anti-diabetes and anti-cardiovascular agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1643-1657. [PMID: 37705131 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid, which exhibits many biological activities, particularly in anti-cardiovascular and anti-diabetes. The further application of UA is greatly limited due to its low bioavailability and poor water solubility. Up to date, various UA derivatives have been designed to overcome these shortcomings. In this paper, the authors reviewed the development of UA derivatives as the anti-diabetes anti-cardiovascular reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Dai
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Linjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Vocational College of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wenyu Xu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yalin Hu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jieying Lin
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xu Yao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Pengbing Mi
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hengyang Medicinal School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Vocational College of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
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Wen Y, Liu Y, Huang Q, Farag MA, Li X, Wan X, Zhao C. Nutritional assessment models for diabetes and aging. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Wen
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Qihui Huang
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Faculty of Sciences Ourense Spain
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xuzhi Wan
- College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
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Xiao T, Zeng J, Qiu L, Wang R, Li N, Deng Z, Zheng L. Combining in silico and in vitro approaches to identify endogenous hypoglycemic peptides from human milk. Food Funct 2022; 13:2899-2912. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Potential endogenous hypoglycemic peptides derived from breast milk were screened by in silico approaches against intestinal glucose absorption- and metabolism-related membrane proteins (i.e., SGLT1, ATPase, and GPR40), and their inhibitory...
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Kadan S, Melamed S, Benvalid S, Tietel Z, Sasson Y, Zaid H. Gundelia tournefortii: Fractionation, Chemical Composition and GLUT4 Translocation Enhancement in Muscle Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133785. [PMID: 34206320 PMCID: PMC8270329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease, which could affect the daily life of patients and increase their risk of developing other diseases. Synthetic anti-diabetic drugs usually show severe side effects. In the last few decades, plant-derived drugs have been intensively studied, particularly because of a rapid development of the instruments used in analytical chemistry. We tested the efficacy of Gundelia tournefortii L. (GT) in increasing the translocation of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) to the myocyte plasma membrane (PM), as a main strategy to manage T2D. In this study, GT methanol extract was sub-fractionated into 10 samples using flash chromatography. The toxicity of the fractions on L6 muscle cells, stably expressing GLUTmyc, was evaluated using the MTT assay. The efficacy with which GLUT4 was attached to the L6 PM was evaluated at non-toxic concentrations. Fraction 6 was the most effective, as it stimulated GLUT4 translocation in the absence and presence of insulin, 3.5 and 5.2 times (at 250 μg/mL), respectively. Fraction 1 and 3 showed no significant effects on GLUT4 translocation, while other fractions increased GLUT4 translocation up to 2.0 times. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of silylated fractions revealed 98 distinct compounds. Among those compounds, 25 were considered anti-diabetic and glucose disposal agents. These findings suggest that GT methanol sub-fractions exert an anti-diabetic effect by modulating GLUT4 translocation in L6 muscle cells, and indicate the potential of GT extracts as novel therapeutic agents for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sleman Kadan
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academic College, Baqa El-Gharbia 30100, Israel;
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;
| | - Sarit Melamed
- Department of Food Science, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization—Volcani Institute, M.P. Negev 8531100, Israel; (S.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Shoshana Benvalid
- Regional Research and Development Center, Judea Center, Kiryat Arba 90100, Israel;
| | - Zipora Tietel
- Department of Food Science, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization—Volcani Institute, M.P. Negev 8531100, Israel; (S.M.); (Z.T.)
| | - Yoel Sasson
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel;
| | - Hilal Zaid
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academic College, Baqa El-Gharbia 30100, Israel;
- Faculty of Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Arab American University, P.O. Box 240, Jenin 009704, Palestine
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-4-6286761 or +972-4-6286765
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Peng F, Zhang H, He X, Song Z. Effects of Ursolic Acid on Intestinal Health and Gut Bacteria Antibiotic Resistance in Mice. Front Physiol 2021; 12:650190. [PMID: 34122127 PMCID: PMC8195277 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.650190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, has been widely reported to exert anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of UA on the intestinal homeostasis and gut microbiota were rarely explored. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of UA on intestinal health and gut microflora antibiotic-resistance in antibiotic-exposed mice. Kunming mice (n = 80) were randomly allocated into three groups and fed with one of the following diets, respectively: Cont group (n = 20), the basal diet; UA group (n = 20), the basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg UA; Tet group (n = 40), the basal diet supplemented with 659 mg/kg chlortetracycline. After 14 days, 10 mice in each group were euthanatized and the remaining 30 mice in the Tet group were randomly allocated into three sub-groups (n = 10 per group) as follows: the Tet group which were kept feeding a Tet diet for 14 days; the Natural Restoration (NatR) group which received a basal diet for 14 days; and the UA therapy (UaT) group which fed a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg UA for 14 days. Throughout the experiment, the weight and the food intake of each mouse were recorded once weekly. Serum LPS and diamine oxidase (DAO), jejunal morphology, jejunal tight junction proteins and nutrient transporters, colonic inflammatory cytokines, gut microbiota and its antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) were examined at euthanasia. The results showed that UA treatment significantly increased average daily food intake (ADFI) of mice. Notably, UA increased the jejunal villi height, decreased the jejunal crypt depth and promoted the expression of jejunum nutrient transporters. UaT group had higher villi height, lower crypt depth and higher nutrient transporter mRNA expression in jejunum than NatR group. Besides, UA decreased serum DAO content, upregulated mRNA expression of ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin and downregulated TNF-α and IL-6. The mRNA abundances of ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin and TNF-α and IL-6 in UaT group were, respectively upregulated and downregulated than NatR group. Furthermore, an analysis of 16S rDNA sequences demonstrated that UA increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the gut. And the results of ARG test showed that UA downregulated the expression of antibiotic-induced resistance genes. The UaT group inhibited the increase of harmful bacteria abundance and suppressed the mRNA abundances of ARG compared to the NatR group. In conclusion, considering the positive effects of UA on the growth performance and intestinal mucosal barrier, we anticipate that these findings could be a stepping stone for developing UA as a novel substitute of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Xi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
| | - Zehe Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.,Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use, Changsha, China
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Belkadi A, Kenouche S, Melkemi N, Daoud I, Djebaili R. K-means clustering analysis, ADME/pharmacokinetic prediction, MEP, and molecular docking studies of potential cytotoxic agents. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Poosri S, Thilavech T, Pasukamonset P, Suparpprom C, Adisakwattana S. Studies on Riceberry rice (Oryza sativa L.) extract on the key steps related to carbohydrate and lipid digestion and absorption: A new source of natural bioactive substances. NFS JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zhong YY, Chen HS, Wu PP, Zhang BJ, Yang Y, Zhu QY, Zhang CG, Zhao SQ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel oleanolic acid analogues as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 164:706-716. [PMID: 30677669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considerable interest has been attracted in oleanolic acid and its analogues because of their hypoglycemic activity. In this study, a series of novel oleanolic acid analogues against α-glucosidase were synthesized and their biological activities were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition activity results indicated that most of the designed analogues exhibited prominent inhibition activities, especially compounds 10, 15, 16 and 26 which with the IC50 values of 0.33 ± 0.01, 0.98 ± 0.06, 0.69 ± 0.01 and 0.72 ± 0.21 μM, respectively. Enzyme kinetic studies on the most potent compounds reveled that derivatives 10, 15, 16 and 26 were noncompetitive inhibitors. Moreover, the docking studies were carried out to prove that the four compounds could interact with the hydrophobic region of the active pocket and form hydrogen bonds to enhance the binding affinity of them with the α-glucosidase. Cytotoxicity evaluation assay demonstrated a high level of safety profile of the active compounds (10, 15, 16 and 26) against normal 3T3 cell line. Furthermore, the in vivo actual pharmacological potential studies on derivatives 10, 15, 16 and 26 showed that the hypoglycemic effects of them were comparable to that of positive control, acarbose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Hui-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Pan-Pan Wu
- Faculty of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China.
| | - Bing-Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Qiu-Yan Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Chun-Guo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Su-Qing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Sodium-glucose transporter as a novel therapeutic target in disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 822:25-31. [PMID: 29329760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is the primary energy fuel of life. A glucose transporter, the sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT), is receiving attention as a novel therapeutic target in disease. This review summarizes the physiological role of SGLT in cerebral ischemia, cancer, cardiac disease, and intestinal ischemia, which has encouraged analysis of SGLT function. In cerebral ischemia and cardiomyopathy, SGLT-1 is involved in worsening of the injury. In addition, SGLT-1 promotes the development of cancer. On the other hand, SGLT-1 has a protective effect against cardiac and intestinal ischemia. Interestingly, SGLT-1 expression levels are increased in some diseased tissue, such as in cerebral ischemia and cancer. This suggests that SGLT-1 may have an important role in many diseases. This review discusses the potential of SGLT as a target for novel therapeutic agents.
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López-Hortas L, Pérez-Larrán P, González-Muñoz MJ, Falqué E, Domínguez H. Recent developments on the extraction and application of ursolic acid. A review. Food Res Int 2018; 103:130-149. [PMID: 29389599 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid widely found in herbs, leaves, flowers and fruits; update information on the major natural sources or agro-industrial wastes is presented. Traditional (maceration, Soxhlet and heat reflux) and modern (microwave-, ultrasound-, accelerated solvent- and supercritical fluid) extraction and purification technologies of UA, as well as some patented process, are summarized. The great interest in this bioactive compound is related to the beneficial effects in human health due to antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, chemopreventive, cardioprotective, antihyperlipidemic and hypoglycemic activities, and others. UA may augment the resistance of the skin barrier to irritants, prevent dry skin and could be suitable to develop antiaging products. The development of nanocrystals and nanoparticle-based drugs could reduce the side effects of high doses of UA in organisms, and increase its limited solubility and poor bioavailability of UA which limit the potential of this bioactive and the further applications. Commercial patented applications in relation to cosmetical and pharmaceutical uses of UA and its derivatives are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía López-Hortas
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain; Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez-Larrán
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - María Jesús González-Muñoz
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Elena Falqué
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- Departamento de Enxeñería Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Huang Q, Chen H, Ren Y, Wang Z, Zeng P, Li X, Wang J, Zheng X. Anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity and mechanism of chemopreventive compounds: ursolic acid derivatives. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:3189-3196. [PMID: 27564455 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1214742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer around the world, with high mortality rate. Currently, there is no effective drug for the therapy of HCC. Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural product which exists in various medicinal herbs and fruits, exhibiting multiple biological effects such as its outstanding anticancer and hepatoprotective activity, which has drawn many pharmacists' attention. OBJECTIVE This paper summarizes the current status of the hepatoprotective activity of UA analogues and explains the related mechanism, providing a clear direction for the development of novel anti-HCC drugs. METHODS All of the data resources were derived from PubMed. By comparing the IC50 values and analyzing the structure-activity relationships, we listed compounds with good pharmacological activity from the relevant literature, and summarized their anti-HCC mechanism. RESULTS From the database, 58 new UA derivatives possessing wonderful anticancer and hepatoprotective effects were listed, and the relevant anti-HCC mechanism were discussed. CONCLUSION UA's anti-HCC effect is the result of combined action of many mechanisms. These 58 new UA derivatives, particularly compounds 45 and 53, can be used as potential drugs for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Huang
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
| | - Yuyan Ren
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
| | - Zhe Wang
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
| | - Peiyu Zeng
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
- c Research Interest Group of Pharmacy , University of South China , Hengyang , China
| | - Xuan Li
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
- c Research Interest Group of Pharmacy , University of South China , Hengyang , China
| | - Juan Wang
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
| | - Xing Zheng
- a Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology , University of South China , Hengyang , China
- b Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study , Hengyang , China
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Esatbeyoglu T, Rodríguez-Werner M, Schlösser A, Liehr M, Ipharraguerre I, Winterhalter P, Rimbach G. Fractionation of Plant Bioactives from Black Carrots (Daucus carota subspecies sativus varietas atrorubens Alef.) by Adsorptive Membrane Chromatography and Analysis of Their Potential Anti-Diabetic Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5901-5908. [PMID: 27362825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Black and purple carrots have attracted interest as colored extracts for coloring food due to their high content of anthocyanins. This study aimed to investigate the polyphenol composition of black carrots. Particularly, the identification and quantification of phenolic compounds of the variety Deep Purple carrot (DPC), which presents a very dark color, was performed by HPLC-PDA and HPLC-ESI-MS(n) analyses. The separation of polyphenols from a DPC XAD-7 extract into an anthocyanin fraction (AF) and co-pigment fraction (CF; primarily phenolic acids) was carried out by membrane chromatography. Furthermore, possible anti-diabetic effects of the DPC XAD-7 extract and its AF and CF were determined. DPC samples (XAD-7, CF, and AF) inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, DPC XAD-7 and chlorogenic acid, but not DPC CF and DPC AF, caused a moderate inhibition of intestinal glucose uptake in Caco-2 cells. However, DPC samples did not affect glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) activity. Overall, DPC exhibits an inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity and on cellular glucose uptake indicating potential anti-diabetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Miriam Rodríguez-Werner
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anke Schlösser
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Martin Liehr
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ignacio Ipharraguerre
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Schleinitzstraße 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel , Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 6, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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Coumarins with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities from the flower of Edgeworthia gardneri. Fitoterapia 2015; 107:122-127. [PMID: 26529177 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The flower of Edgeworthia gardneri is consumed in beverages in Tibet and has potential health benefits for diabetes. As a part of our continuous studies on dietary supplements for diabetes, two monomers, five dimers and one trimer of coumarins were isolated from the flowers of E. gardneri. One dimer was a new compound (1) and its structure was determined by spectroscopic methods, including multiple NMR techniques and mass spectrometry. The inhibitory activities of all coumarins against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were evaluated. Compound 4 displayed potent inhibitory effect on both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with an IC50 of 90 and 86μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of compound 3 against α-glucosidase was 18.7μg/mL, and its inhibition mode was noncompetitive. Based on the fluorescence analysis, the binding constant and the number of binding sites of compound 3 were calculated as 2.05×10(5) and 1.24, respectively. Furthermore, the interaction between compound 3 and α-glucosidase was a spontaneous process that was driven mainly by hydrophobic force. This study could facilitate the utilization of E gardneri as functional food ingredient.
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Xu Y, Xiong J, Zhao Y, He B, Zheng Z, Chu G, Zhu Q. Calycosin Rebalances Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Glucose Uptake Dysfunction of Hepatocyte In Vitro. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1191-210. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) often accompanies liver dysfunction. Astragali Radix is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is widely administrated to ameliorate the symptoms of diabetes as well as liver dysfunction, but its acting mechanism is still not yet fully recognized. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a key role in promoting diabetic organ dysfunction. Both hyperglycemia and AGEs can induce insulin resistance, hepatocyte damage and liver dysfunction. We designed this study to explore the effects of the phytoestrogen Calycosin, a major active component of Astragali Radix, on AGEs-induced glucose uptake dysfunction in the hepatocyte cell line and relevant mechanisms. MTT and BrdU methods were applied to evaluate cell viability. 2-NBDG was used to observe glucose uptake by a live cell imaging system. Immunofluorescence method was carried out to investigate GLUT1, GLUT4, and RAGE protein expressions on cell membrane. cAMP content was determined by an EIA method. We found Calycosin concentration-dependently ameliorated AGEs-induced hepatocyte viability damage. AGEs dramatically reduced basal glucose uptake in hepatocytes, and this reduction could be reversed by Calycosin administration. By immunofluorescence detection, we observed that Calycosin could inhibit AGEs-induced GLUT1 expression down-regulation via estrogen receptor (ER). Furthermore, Calycosin decreased AGEs-promoted RAGE and cAMP elevation in hepatocytes. These findings strongly suggest that Calycosin can ameliorate AGEs-promoted glucose uptake dysfunction in hepatocytes; the protection of cell viability and ER-RAGE and GLUT1 pathways play a significant role in this modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The Institute for Translational Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The Institute for Translational Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The Institute for Translational Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Bao He
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoguang Zheng
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gejin Chu
- University Hospital, Macau University of Science and Technology Foundation, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The Institute for Translational Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau, P.R. China
- Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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15
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Wu P, Zheng J, Huang T, Li D, Hu Q, Cheng A, Jiang Z, Jiao L, Zhao S, Zhang K. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Triterpene Analogues of Ursolic Acid as Potential Antidiabetic Agent. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138767. [PMID: 26406581 PMCID: PMC4583267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a naturally bioactive compound that possesses potential anti-diabetic activity. The relatively safe and effective molecule intrigued us to further explore and to improve its anti-diabetic activity. In the present study, a series of novel UA analogues was synthesized and their structures were characterized. Their bioactivities against the α-glucosidase from baker's yeast were determined in vitro. The results suggested that most of the analogues exhibited significant inhibitory activity, especially analogues 8b and 9b with the IC50 values of 1.27 ± 0.27 μM (8b) and 1.28 ± 0.27 μM (9b), which were lower than the other analogues and the positive control. The molecular docking and 2D-QSAR studies were carried out to prove that the C-3 hydroxyl could interact with the hydrophobic region of the active pocket and form hydrogen bonds to increase the binding affinity of ligand and the homology modelling protein. Thus, these results will be helpful for understanding the relationship between binding mode and bioactivity and for designing better inhibitors from UA analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianming Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dianmeng Li
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, China
| | - Qingqing Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anming Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyun Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luoying Jiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suqing Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Yu SG, Zhang CJ, Xu XE, Sun JH, Zhang L, Yu PF. Ursolic acid derivative ameliorates streptozotocin-induced diabestic bone deleterious effects in mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:3681-90. [PMID: 26097549 PMCID: PMC4466936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was performed to investigate bone deteriorations of diabetic mice in response to the treatment of ursolic acid derivative (UAD). METHODS The biomarkers in serum and urine were measured, tibias were taken for the measurement on gene and protein expression and histomorphology analysis, and femurs were taken for the measurement on bone Ca and three-dimensional architecture of trabecular bone. RESULTS UAD showed a greater increase in bone Ca, BMD and significantly increased FGF-23 and OCN, reduced PTH and CTX in diabetic mice. UAD reversed STZ-induced trabecular deleterious effects and stimulated bone remodeling. The treatment of STZ group with UAD significantly elevated the ratio of OPG/RANKL. Moreover, insulin and IGF-1 showed a negative correlation with both FBG and Hb1Ac in STZ group. We attributed down-regulating the level of Hb1Ac in diabetic mice to that ursolic acid derivative could primely control blood sugar levels. After analyzing of two adipocyte markers, PPARγ and aP2, increased expression in the tibias of diabetic mice, and UAD could improve STZ-induced adipocyte dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that UAD could ameliorate STZ-induced bone deterioration through improving adipocyte dysfunction and enhancing new bone formation and inhibiting absorptive function of osteoclast in the bone of diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Guo Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical UniversityBinzhou 256603, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Zhang
- Department of Emergency, People’s Hospital of BinzhouBinzhou 256610, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Yangxin Traditional Chinese MedicineBinzhou 251880, China
| | - Ji-Hua Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical UniversityBinzhou 256603, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical UniversityBinzhou 256603, China
| | - Peng-Fei Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical UniversityBinzhou 256603, China
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