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Corbu VM, Gheorghe-Barbu I, Dumbravă AȘ, Vrâncianu CO, Șesan TE. Current Insights in Fungal Importance-A Comprehensive Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1384. [PMID: 37374886 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides plants and animals, the Fungi kingdom describes several species characterized by various forms and applications. They can be found in all habitats and play an essential role in the excellent functioning of the ecosystem, for example, as decomposers of plant material for the cycling of carbon and nutrients or as symbionts of plants. Furthermore, fungi have been used in many sectors for centuries, from producing food, beverages, and medications. Recently, they have gained significant recognition for protecting the environment, agriculture, and several industrial applications. The current article intends to review the beneficial roles of fungi used for a vast range of applications, such as the production of several enzymes and pigments, applications regarding food and pharmaceutical industries, the environment, and research domains, as well as the negative impacts of fungi (secondary metabolites production, etiological agents of diseases in plants, animals, and humans, as well as deteriogenic agents).
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Affiliation(s)
- Viorica Maria Corbu
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Gheorghe-Barbu
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Ștefania Dumbravă
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corneliu Ovidiu Vrâncianu
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 91-95 Spl. Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tatiana Eugenia Șesan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, 61 Bd. Mărăşti, District 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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Wang GL, Li JY, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wen QL. Extraction, Structure and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito et Imai) Singer (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683822040184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Elshafei AM, Othman AM, Elsayed MA, Ibrahim GE, Hassan MM, Mehanna NS. A statistical strategy for optimizing the production of α-galactosidase by a newly isolated Aspergillus niger NRC114 and assessing its efficacy in improving soymilk properties. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:36. [PMID: 35212841 PMCID: PMC8881569 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background α-Galactosidase is widely distributed in plants, microorganisms, and animals, and it is produced by different fungal sources. Many studies have confirmed the valuable applications of α-galactosidase enzymes for various biotechnological purposes, like the processing of soymilk. Results Aspergillus niger NRC114 was exploited to produce the extracellular α-galactosidase. One factor per time (OFT) and central composite design (CCD) approaches were applied to determine the optimum parameters and enhance the enzyme production. The CCD model choices of pH 4.73, 1.25% mannose, 0.959% meat extract, and 6-day incubation period have succeeded in obtaining 25.22 U/mL of enzyme compared to the 6.4 U/mL produced using OFT studies. Treatment of soymilk by α-galactosidase caused an increase in total phenols and flavonoids by 27.3% and 19.9%, respectively. Antioxidant measurements revealed a significant increase in the enzyme-treated soymilk. Through HPLC analysis, the appearance of sucrose, fructose, and glucose in the enzyme-treated soymilk was detected due to the degradation of stachyose and raffinose. The main volatile compounds in raw soymilk were acids (45.04%) and aldehydes (34.25%), which showed a remarkable decrease of 7.82% and 20.03% after treatment by α-galactosidase. Conclusions To increase α-galactosidase production, the OFT and CCD approaches were used, and CCD was found to be four times more effective than OFT. The produced enzyme proved potent enough to improve the properties of soymilk, avoiding flatulence and undesirable tastes and odors. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M Elshafei
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelmageed M Othman
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Maysa A Elsayed
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Gamil E Ibrahim
- Chemistry of Flavor and Aroma Department,
- Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Hassan
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Nayra S Mehanna
- Dairy Sciences Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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Quo vadis: signaling molecules and small secreted proteins from mycorrhizal fungi at the early stage of mycorrhiza formation. Symbiosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-021-00793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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5
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Geng X, Yang D, Zhang Q, Chang M, Xu L, Cheng Y, Wang H, Meng J. Good hydrolysis activity on raffinose family oligosaccharides by a novel α-galactosidase from Tremella aurantialba. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:1249-1257. [PMID: 31739012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An α-galactosidase designated as TAG was purified from the dried fruit bodies of Tremella aurantialba with 182.5-fold purification. The purification procedure involved ion exchange chromatography on Q-sepharose, DEAE-Cellulose, and Mono Q and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75. The purified α-galactosidase was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 88 kDa. The optimal pH of TAG was 5.0 and more than 60% of the original enzyme activity remained at pH 2.0 and 3.0. Its optimal temperature was 54 °C with good thermo-stability, 30.8% of the original activity was retained after exposure to a temperature of 70 °C for 1 h. The metal ions Hg2+, Cu2+, Fe3+ and Mg2+ strongly inhibited the enzyme activity. The enzyme activity was found to be inhibited by N-bromosuccinimide indicating that tryptophan was essential to the catalytic activity of α-galactosidase. The enzyme completely hydrolysed stachyose and partially hydrolysed raffinose to galactose at 50 °C within 6 h as detected by thin layer chromatography and the dinitrosalicylic acid method and the content of reducing sugar reached 4.36 mg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongxue Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiaoyi Zhang
- Orient Science & Technology College of Hunan Agricultural University, China
| | - Mingchang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Lijing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yanfen Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Junlong Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
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Liu Q, Du F, Kong W, Wang H, Ng TB. Fermentation Production, Purification and Characterization of a Fungal α-galactosidase from Trametes versicolor and Its Synergistic Degradation of Guar Gum with Mannanase. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.26.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Fang Du
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Weili Kong
- Institute of Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories
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Álvarez-Cao ME, Cerdán ME, González-Siso MI, Becerra M. Optimization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-galactosidase production and application in the degradation of raffinose family oligosaccharides. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:172. [PMID: 31601209 PMCID: PMC6786279 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND α-Galactosidases are enzymes that act on galactosides present in many vegetables, mainly legumes and cereals, have growing importance with respect to our diet. For this reason, the use of their catalytic activity is of great interest in numerous biotechnological applications, especially those in the food industry directed to the degradation of oligosaccharides derived from raffinose. The aim of this work has been to optimize the recombinant production and further characterization of α-galactosidase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. RESULTS The MEL1 gene coding for the α-galactosidase of S. cerevisiae (ScAGal) was cloned and expressed in the S. cerevisiae strain BJ3505. Different constructions were designed to obtain the degree of purification necessary for enzymatic characterization and to improve the productive process of the enzyme. ScAGal has greater specificity for the synthetic substrate p-nitrophenyl-α-D-galactopyranoside than for natural substrates, followed by the natural glycosides, melibiose, raffinose and stachyose; it only acts on locust bean gum after prior treatment with β-mannosidase. Furthermore, this enzyme strongly resists proteases, and shows remarkable activation in their presence. Hydrolysis of galactose bonds linked to terminal non-reducing mannose residues of synthetic galactomannan-oligosaccharides confirms that ScAGal belongs to the first group of α-galactosidases, according to substrate specificity. Optimization of culture conditions by the statistical model of Response Surface helped to improve the productivity by up to tenfold when the concentration of the carbon source and the aeration of the culture medium was increased, and up to 20 times to extend the cultivation time to 216 h. CONCLUSIONS ScAGal characteristics and improvement in productivity that have been achieved contribute in making ScAGal a good candidate for application in the elimination of raffinose family oligosaccharides found in many products of the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Efigenia Álvarez-Cao
- Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña. Grupo EXPRELA, A Coruña, Spain
| | - María-Esperanza Cerdán
- Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña. Grupo EXPRELA, A Coruña, Spain
| | - María-Isabel González-Siso
- Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña. Grupo EXPRELA, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel Becerra
- Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña. Grupo EXPRELA, A Coruña, Spain
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A protease-resistant α-galactosidase characterized by relatively acid pH tolerance from the Shitake Mushroom Lentinula edodes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:324-330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Shan L, Wang D, Li Y, Zheng S, Xu W, Shang Y. Identification of the Pol Gene as a Species-Specific Diagnostic Marker for Qualitative and Quantitative PCR Detection of Tricholoma matsutake. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24030455. [PMID: 30696007 PMCID: PMC6384867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tricholoma matsutake is a rare, precious, and wild edible fungus that could not be cultivated artificially until now. This situation has given way to the introduction of fake T. matsutake commodities to the mushroom market. Among the methods used to detect food adulteration, amplification of species-specific diagnostic marker is particularly important and accurate. In this study, the Pol gene is reported as a species-specific diagnostic marker to identify three T. matsutake varieties and 10 other types of edible mushrooms through qualitative and quantitative PCR. The PCR results did not reveal variations in the amplified region, and the detection limits of qualitative and quantitative PCR were found to be 8 ng and 32 pg, respectively. Southern blot showed that the Pol gene exists as a single copy in the T. matsutake genome. The method that produced the purest DNA of T. matsutake in this study was also determined, and the high-concentration salt precipitation method was confirmed to be the most suitable among the methods tested. The assay proposed in this work is applicable not only to the detection of raw materials but also to the examination of processed products containing T. matsutake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Shan
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Dazhou Wang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Yinjiao Li
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Shi Zheng
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Wentao Xu
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Ying Shang
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan 650500, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Borzova NV, Varbanets LD. Influence of chemical reagents and UV irradiation on the activity of Penicillium canescens ?-galactosidase. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj90.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ye F, Geng XR, Xu LJ, Chang MC, Feng CP, Meng JL. Purification and characterization of a novel protease-resistant GH27 α-galactosidase from Hericium erinaceus. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:2165-2174. [PMID: 30195005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel 57-kDa acidic α-galactosidase designated as HEG has been purified from the dry fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. The isolation protocol involved ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration on a Superdex75 column. The purification fold and specific activity were 1251 and 46 units/mg, respectively. A BLAST search of internal peptide sequences obtained by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis suggested that the enzyme belonged to the GH27 family. The activity of the enzyme reached its maximum at a pH of 6.0 or at 60 °C. The enzyme was stable within an acidic pH range of 2.2-7.0 and in a narrow temperature range. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by Zn2+, Fe3+, Ag+ ions and SDS. The Lineweaver-Burk plot suggested that the mode of inhibition by galactose and melibiose were of a mixed type. N-bromosuccinimide drastically decreased the activity of the enzyme, whereas diethylpyrocarbonate and carbodiimide strengthened the activity slightly. Moreover, the isolated enzyme displayed remarkable resistance to acid proteases, neutral proteases and pepsin. The enzyme could also hydrolyse oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. In addition, acidic protease promoted the hydrolysis of RFOs by HEG. The Km values of the enzyme towards pNPGal, raffinose and stachyose were 0.36 mM, 40.07 mM and 54.71 mM, respectively. These favourable properties increase the potential of the enzyme in the food industry and animal feed applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xue-Ran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Li-Jing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Ming-Chang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Cui-Ping Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jun-Long Meng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advancing Quality and Efficiency of Loess Plateau Edible Fungi, Taigu, 030801, China.
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Geng X, Fan J, Xu L, Wang H, Ng TB. Hydrolysis of oligosaccharides by a fungal α-galactosidase from fruiting bodies of a wild mushroom Leucopaxillus tricolor. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 58:1043-1052. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Geng
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Shanxi Agricultural University; Taigu Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Jing Fan
- Hebei Foreing Studies University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Lijing Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Shanxi Agricultural University; Taigu Shanxi China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- Faculty of Medicine; School of Biomedical Sciences; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
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Liu Y, Yang S, Yan Q, Liu J, Jiang Z. High-level expression of a novel protease-resistant α-galactosidase from Thielavia terrestris. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Li Q, Xiong C, Li X, Jin X, Huang W. Ectomycorrhization of Tricholoma matsutake with Quercus aquifolioides affects the endophytic microbial community of host plant. J Basic Microbiol 2018; 58:238-246. [PMID: 29359810 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201700506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito et Imai) is an ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete associated with Pinaceae and Fagaceae trees in the Northern Hemisphere. It is still unknown whether the symbiotic relationship with this ectomycorrhiza could affect the host plant's endophytic microbial community. In this study, we used high throughput sequencing to analyze the endophytic microbial communities of different Quercus aquifolioides tissues with or without T. matsutake partner. About 35,000 clean reads were obtained per sample, representing 34 bacterial phyla and 7 fungal phyla. We observed 3980 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of bacteria and 457 OTUs of fungi at a 97% similarity level. Three bacterial phyla, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, and the fungal phylum Ascomycota were dominant in all tissues. The relative abundance of these taxa differed significantly between Q. aquifolioides tissues with and without T. matsutake partner (p < 0.05). The bacterial genus Pseudomonas and the fungal genus Cryptosporiopsis were more abundant in mycorrhized roots than in control roots. This study showed that the community structure and dominant species of endophytic microbial communities in Q. aquifolioides tissues might be altered by colonization with T. matsutake. This work provides a new insight into the interactions between ectomycorrhizal fungus and host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Xiong
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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Isolation of a protease-resistant and pH-stable α-galactosidase displaying hydrolytic efficacy toward raffinose family oligosaccharides from the button mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Int J Biol Macromol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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A Tricholoma matsutake Peptide with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitory and Antioxidative Activities and Antihypertensive Effects in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24130. [PMID: 27052674 PMCID: PMC4823785 DOI: 10.1038/srep24130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A crude water extract of the fruiting bodies of a highly prized mushroom Tricholoma matsutakei exerted an antihypertensive action on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) at a dosage of 400 mg/kg. An angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide with an IC50 of 0.40 μM was purified from the extract and designated as TMP. Its amino acid sequence was elucidated to be WALKGYK through LC-MS/MS analysis. The Lineweaver-Burk plot suggested that TMP was a non-competitive inhibitor of ACE. A short-term assay of antihypertensive activity demonstrated that TMP at the dosage of 25 mg/kg could significantly lower the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of SHRs. TMP exhibited remarkable stability over a wide range of temperatures and pH values. It also demonstrated 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The aforementioned activities of TMP were corroborated by utilizing the synthetic peptide. Hence T. matsutake can be used as a functional food to help prevent hypertension- associated diseases.
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Zhu M, Zhang G, Meng L, Wang H, Gao K, Ng T. Purification and Characterization of a White Laccase with Pronounced Dye Decolorizing Ability and HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitory Activity from Lepista nuda. Molecules 2016; 21:415. [PMID: 27023513 PMCID: PMC6274495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A strain LN07 with high laccase yield was identified as basidiomycete fungus Lepista nuda from which a white laccase without type I copper was purified and characterized. The laccase was a monomeric protein with a molecular mass of 56 kDa. Its N-terminal amino acid sequence was AIGPAADLHIVNKDISPDGF. Besides, eight inner peptide sequences were determined and lac4, lac5 and lac6 sequences were in the Cu2+ combination and conservation zones of laccases. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase was inhibited by the laccase with a half-inhibitory concentration of 0.65 μM. Cu2+ ions (1.5 mM) enhanced the laccase production and the optimal pH and temperature of the laccase were pH 3.0 and 50 °C, respectively. The Km and Vmax of the laccase using ABTS as substrate were respectively 0.19 mM and 195 μM. Several dyes including laboratory dyes and textile dyes used in this study, such as Methyl red, Coomassie brilliant blue, Reactive brilliant blue and so on, were decolorized in different degrees by the purified laccase. By LC-MS analysis, Methyl red was structurally degraded by the laccase. Moreover, the laccase affected the absorbance at the maximum wavelength of many pesticides. Thus, the white laccase had potential commercial value for textile finishing and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjuan Zhu
- Department of Fungal Resource, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an 271018, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Li Meng
- Department of Fungal Resource, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kexiang Gao
- Department of Fungal Resource, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61, Daizong Street, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Tb Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
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