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Udhaya Nandhini D, Venkatesan S, Senthilraja K, Janaki P, Prabha B, Sangamithra S, Vaishnavi SJ, Meena S, Balakrishnan N, Raveendran M, Geethalakshmi V, Somasundaram E. Metabolomic analysis for disclosing nutritional and therapeutic prospective of traditional rice cultivars of Cauvery deltaic region, India. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1254624. [PMID: 37841397 PMCID: PMC10568072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1254624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional rice is gaining popularity worldwide due to its high nutritional and pharmaceutical value, as well as its high resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. This has attracted significant attention from breeders, nutritionists, and plant protection scientists in recent years. Hence, it is critical to investigate the grain metabolome to reveal germination and nutritional importance. This research aimed to explore non-targeted metabolites of five traditional rice varieties, viz., Chinnar, Chithiraikar, Karunguruvai, Kichili samba, and Thooyamalli, for their nutritional and therapeutic properties. Approximately 149 metabolites were identified using the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library and Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) and were grouped into 34 chemical classes. Major classes include fatty acids (31.1-56.3%), steroids and their derivatives (1.80-22.4%), dihydrofurans (8.98-11.6%), prenol lipids (0.66-4.44%), organooxygen compounds (0.12-6.45%), benzene and substituted derivatives (0.53-3.73%), glycerolipids (0.36-2.28%), and hydroxy acids and derivatives (0.03-2.70%). Significant variations in metabolite composition among the rice varieties were also observed through the combination of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Principal component analysis (PCA) reduced the dimensionality of 149 metabolites into five principle components (PCs), which explained 96% of the total variance. Two clusters were revealed by hierarchical cluster analysis, indicating the distinctiveness of the traditional varieties. Additionally, a partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) found 17 variables important in the projection (VIP) scores of metabolites. The findings of this study reveal the biochemical intricate and distinctive metabolomes of the traditional therapeutic rice varieties. This will serve as the foundation for future research on developing new rice varieties with traditional rice grain metabolisms to increase grain quality and production with various nutritional and therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhandayuthapani Udhaya Nandhini
- Centre of Excellence in Sustaining Soil Health, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Venkatesan
- Directorate of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandasamy Senthilraja
- Directorate of Crop Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ponnusamy Janaki
- Nammazhvar Organic Farming Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balasubramaniam Prabha
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sadasivam Sangamithra
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sadasivam Meena
- Centre of Excellence in Sustaining Soil Health, Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natarajan Balakrishnan
- Directorate of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muthurajan Raveendran
- Directorate of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vellingiri Geethalakshmi
- Agro-Climatic Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eagan Somasundaram
- Agribusiness Development, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Martínez-Castro J, de Haro-Bailón A, Obregón-Cano S, García Magdaleno IM, Moreno Ortega A, Cámara-Martos F. Bioaccessibility of glucosinolates, isothiocyanates and inorganic micronutrients in cruciferous vegetables through INFOGEST static in vitro digestion model. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112598. [PMID: 36914324 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Green tissues and seeds from cruciferous vegetables growing in conventional and ecological conditions (Brassica carinata; Brassica rapa; Eruca vesicaria and Sinapis alba) were analyzed to determine their contents of glucosinolates, isotihiocyanates (ITCs) and inorganic micronutrients (Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Se and Zn), and the bioaccessibility of these compounds. Regarding total contents and bioaccessibility values of these compounds, no clear difference was found between the organic and conventional systems. Glucosinolates bioaccessibility present in green tissues were high, with values around 60-78%. In additon, it was quantified in bioaccessible fraction ITCs concentrations such as Allyl - ITC; 3 - Buten - 1 - yl - ITC and 4 - Penten - 1 - yl - ITC. Trace elements bioaccessibility in green tissues was also high for Ca (2.26-7.66 mg/g), Cu (0.60-2.78 µg/g), Se (9.93-74.71 µg/Kg) and Zn (12.98-20.15 µg/g). By contrast, the bioaccessibility of glucosinolates and trace elements in cruciferous seeds was extremely low. With the exception of Cu, these bioaccessibility percentages did not exceed 1% in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martínez-Castro
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio C-1, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - A de Haro-Bailón
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS - CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - S Obregón-Cano
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal, Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS - CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - I M García Magdaleno
- Servicios Centrales de Apoyo a la Investigación (SCAI), Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Ramón y Cajal, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Moreno Ortega
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio C-1, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - F Cámara-Martos
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio C-1, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
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Lopez-Rodriguez NA, Sanchez-Ortiz LK, Reynoso-Camacho R, Riesgo-Escovar JR, Loarca-Piña G. Chronic Consumption of Moringa Leaf Powder ( Moringa oleifera) Concentration-Dependent Effects in a Drosophila melanogaster Type 2 Diabetes Model. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:285-294. [PMID: 35512766 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2022.2034068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The metabolic effects of chronic consumption of food laced with different doses of moringa leaf powder (MLP) were assessed using a heteroallelic mutant of the sole insulin receptor gene of Drosophila melanogaster (InR), and the yellow,white (y,w) control stock. METHODS The MLP composition was partially determined. Both strains were raised in a standard diet (SD) or in a SD supplemented with different MLP doses (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0, and 5.5%) until 4-5 days of emergence. Afterward, the total carbohydrate, lipid, glucose, and triacylglyceride levels were measured in the flies. Additionally, survival and weight changes were reported. For metabolic tests, female and male virgin flies were evaluated separately. RESULTS Low MLP supplementation improved carbohydrate and glucose levels in the y,w strain. Additionally, the InR-mutant strain reported lower lipid content when subjected to the same regimes. Survival improved in both strains with low MLP doses, while chronic consumption of high MLP doses resulted in triacylglycerides increase, weight gain, and survival reduction. CONCLUSION Low doses of MLP supplementation improves some metabolic parameters that affect flies' survival, especially in the y,w strain. Furthermore, the same low doses of MLP treatments also resulted in metabolic improvements in the InR-mutant flies; however, MLP consumption levels should be carefully assessed. Supplemental data for this article is available online at.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma A Lopez-Rodriguez
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Laura K Sanchez-Ortiz
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Rosalía Reynoso-Camacho
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Juan R Riesgo-Escovar
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Guadalupe Loarca-Piña
- Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Research and Graduate Studies in Food Science, School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
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Kumar V, Sharma H, Saini L, Tyagi A, Jain P, Singh Y, Balyan P, Kumar S, Jan S, Mir RR, Djalovic I, Singh KP, Kumar U, Malik V. Phylogenomic analysis of 20S proteasome gene family reveals stress-responsive patterns in rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1037206. [PMID: 36388569 PMCID: PMC9659873 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1037206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The core particle represents the catalytic portions of the 26S proteasomal complex. The genes encoding α- and β-subunits play a crucial role in protecting plants against various environmental stresses by controlling the quality of newly produced proteins. The 20S proteasome gene family has already been reported in model plants such as Arabidopsis and rice; however, they have not been studied in oilseed crops such as rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). In the present study, we identified 20S proteasome genes for α- (PA) and β-subunits (PB) in B. napus through systematically performed gene structure analysis, chromosomal location, conserved motif, phylogenetic relationship, and expression patterns. A total of 82 genes, comprising 35 BnPA and 47 BnPB of the 20S proteasome, were revealed in the B. napus genome. These genes were distributed on all 20 chromosomes of B. napus and most of these genes were duplicated on homoeologous chromosomes. The BnPA (α1-7) and BnPB (β1-7) genes were phylogenetically placed into seven clades. The pattern of expression of all the BnPA and BnPB genes was also studied using RNA-seq datasets under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Out of 82 BnPA/PB genes, three exhibited high expression under abiotic stresses, whereas two genes were overexpressed in response to biotic stresses at both the seedling and flowering stages. Moreover, an additional eighteen genes were expressed under normal conditions. Overall, the current findings developed our understanding of the organization of the 20S proteasome genes in B. napus, and provided specific BnPA/PB genes for further functional research in response to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Hemant Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Lalita Saini
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Archasvi Tyagi
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Pooja Jain
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Yogita Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS) Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Priyanka Balyan
- Department of Botany, Deva Nagri Post Graduate (PG) College, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS) University, Meerut, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
| | - Sofora Jan
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology (SKUAST)-Kashmir, Wadura, India
| | - Reyazul Rouf Mir
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology (SKUAST)-Kashmir, Wadura, India
| | - Ivica Djalovic
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Maxim Gorki, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Krishna Pal Singh
- Biophysics Unit, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Govind Ballabh (GB) Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
- Vice-Chancellor’s Secretariat, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Upendra Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Charan Singh (CCS) Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Vijai Malik
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP, India
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Brassica Genus Seeds: A Review on Phytochemical Screening and Pharmacological Properties. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186008. [PMID: 36144744 PMCID: PMC9500762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Brassica species are widely used in traditional medicine, human food, and animal feed. Recently, special attention has been dedicated to Brassica seeds as source of health-promoting phytochemicals. This review provides a summary of recent research on the Brassica seed phytochemistry, bioactivity, dietary importance, and toxicity by screening the major online scientific database sources and papers published in recent decades by Elsevier, Springer, and John Wiley. The search was conducted covering the period from January 1964 to July 2022. Phytochemically, polyphenols, glucosinolates, and their degradation products were the predominant secondary metabolites in seeds. Different extracts and their purified constituents from seeds of Brassica species have been found to possess a wide range of biological properties including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective activities. These valuable functional properties of Brassica seeds are related to their richness in active compounds responsible for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, and COVID-19. Currently, the potential properties of Brassica seeds and their components are the main focus of research, but their toxicity and health risks must also be accounted for.
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Wong LW, Goh CBS, Tan JBL. A Systemic Review for Ethnopharmacological Studies on Isatis indigotica Fortune: Bioactive Compounds and their Therapeutic Insights. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:161-207. [PMID: 35139772 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Isatis indigotica Fortune is a biennial Chinese woad of the Cruciferae family. It is primarily cultivated in China, where it was a staple in indigo dye manufacture till the end of the 17th century. Today, I. indigotica is used primarily as a therapeutic herb in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The medicinal use of the plant is separated into its leaves (Da-Qing-Ye) and roots (Ban-Lan-Gen), whereas its aerial components can be processed into a dried bluish-spruce powder (Qing-Dai), following dehydration for long-term preservation. Over the past several decades, I. indigotica has been generally utilized for its heat-clearing effects and bodily detoxification in TCM, attributed to the presence of several classes of bioactive compounds, including organic acids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids, as well as lignans, anthraquinones, glucosides, glucosinolates, sphingolipids, tetrapyrroles, and polysaccharides. This paper aims to delineate I. indigotica from its closely-related species (Isatis tinctoria and Isatis glauca) while highlighting the ethnomedicinal uses of I. indigotica from the perspectives of modern and traditional medicine. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, PMC, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases was done for articles on all aspects of the plant, emphasizing those analyzing the bioactivity of constituents of the plant. The various key bioactive compounds of I. indigotica that have been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, and anti-allergic properties, along with the protective effects against neuronal injury and bone fracture, will be discussed. Collectively, the review hopes to draw attention to the therapeutic potential of I. indigotica not only as a TCM, but also as a potential source of bioactive compounds for disease management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wen Wong
- School of Science, Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Calvin Bok Sun Goh
- School of Science, Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Joash Ban Lee Tan
- School of Science, Tropical Medicine and Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
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Merinas-Amo T, Lozano-Baena MD, Obregón-Cano S, Alonso-Moraga Á, de Haro-Bailón A. Role of Glucosinolates in the Nutraceutical Potential of Selected Cultivars of Brassica rapa. Foods 2021; 10:2720. [PMID: 34829001 PMCID: PMC8617875 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa (turnip greens), a traditionally consumed vegetable, is well-known due to its high content of glucosinolates, which are secondary metabolites with a positive biological activity for human health. Our hypothesis has been based on the relation between B. rapa glucosinolate content and its healthy properties, and our aim is to establish guidelines for safe B. rapa vegetable consumption. Three B. rapa cultivars (143N5, 143N7 and 163N7) have been characterized by HPLC analysis of purified extracts from leaf samples in order to determine their glucosinolate content and to relate this content to beneficial effects on DNA protection, lifespan extension and chemoprevention. In order to ascertain the heath properties in vitro and in vivo, toxicity activities were assayed in the Drosophila melanogaster and leukaemia cell models; genomic safety was also assessed in both models using genotoxicity, fragmentation and comet assay. The Drosophila model has also been used to study the antioxidative activity and the longevity induction. Our results showed a relationship between B. rapa glucosinolate content and its safety and benefices in its consumption. Gluconapin, the main B. rapa glucosinolate, was directly related with these wholesome effects. The relevant conclusion in the present research is focused on B. rapa cultivar 163N7 due to its high gluconapin content and low progoitrin content, which exert anti-cancer and DNA protection properties and could be recommended as being safe and healthy for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Merinas-Amo
- Department of Genetics, Gregor Mendel Building, Faculty of Science, Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.-D.L.-B.); (Á.A.-M.)
| | - María-Dolores Lozano-Baena
- Department of Genetics, Gregor Mendel Building, Faculty of Science, Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.-D.L.-B.); (Á.A.-M.)
| | - Sara Obregón-Cano
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Avd. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (S.O.-C.); (A.d.H.-B.)
| | - Ángeles Alonso-Moraga
- Department of Genetics, Gregor Mendel Building, Faculty of Science, Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (M.-D.L.-B.); (Á.A.-M.)
| | - Antonio de Haro-Bailón
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Avd. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (S.O.-C.); (A.d.H.-B.)
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Pitchakarn P, Inthachat W, Karinchai J, Temviriyanukul P. Human Hazard Assessment Using Drosophila Wing Spot Test as an Alternative In Vivo Model for Genotoxicity Testing-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9932. [PMID: 34576092 PMCID: PMC8472225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability, one of cancer's hallmarks, is induced by genotoxins from endogenous and exogenous sources, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), diet, and environmental pollutants. A sensitive in vivo genotoxicity test is required for the identification of human hazards to reduce the potential health risk. The somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) or wing spot test is a genotoxicity assay involving Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) as a classical, alternative human model. This review describes the principle of the SMART assay in conjunction with its advantages and disadvantages and discusses applications of the assay covering all segments of health-related industries, including food, dietary supplements, drug industries, pesticides, and herbicides, as well as nanoparticles. Chemopreventive strategies are outlined as a global health trend for the anti-genotoxicity of interesting herbal extract compounds determined by SMART assay. The successful application of Drosophila for high-throughput screening of mutagens is also discussed as a future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Woorawee Inthachat
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Jirarat Karinchai
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (J.K.)
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
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Maina S, Ryu DH, Cho JY, Jung DS, Park JE, Nho CW, Bakari G, Misinzo G, Jung JH, Yang SH, Kim HY. Exposure to Salinity and Light Spectra Regulates Glucosinolates, Phenolics, and Antioxidant Capacity of Brassica carinata L. Microgreens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1183. [PMID: 34439431 PMCID: PMC8389028 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of salt treatment on Brassica carinata (BC) microgreens grown under different light wavelengths on glucosinolates (GLs) and phenolic compounds were evaluated. Quantifiable GLs were identified using ultra-high performance-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. Extracts' ability to activate antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) was evaluated on human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT116). Furthermore, BC compounds' ability to activate expression of nuclear transcription factor-erythroid 2 related factor (Nrf2) and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins was examined using specific antibodies on HCT116 cells. Sinigrin (SIN) was the abundant GLs of the six compounds identified and its content together with total aliphatic GLs increased in saline conditions. Fluorescent (FL) and blue plus red (B1R1) lights were identified as stable cultivation conditions for microgreens, promoting biomass and glucobrassicin contents, whereas other identified individual and total indole GLs behaved differently in saline and non-saline environments. Blue light-emitting diodes and FL light in saline treatments mostly enhanced SIN, phenolics and antioxidant activities. The increased SOD and CAT activities render the BC microgreens suitable for lowering oxidative stress. Additionally, activation of Nrf2, and HO-1 protein expression by the GLs rich extracts, demonstrate their potential to treat and prevent oxidative stress and inflammatory disorders. Therefore, effective salt treatments and light exposure to BC microgreens present an opportunity for targeted regulation of growth and accumulation of bioactive metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Maina
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Da Hye Ryu
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Jwa Yeong Cho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Da Seul Jung
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Jai-Eok Park
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Gaymary Bakari
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Gerald Misinzo
- SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Je Hyeong Jung
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
| | - Seung-Hoon Yang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Korea; (S.M.); (D.H.R.); (J.Y.C.); (D.S.J.); (J.-E.P.); (C.W.N.); (J.H.J.)
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10
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Alemu BK, Ayalew Getahun K, Kahaliw W. In vitro Antioxidant and in vivo Wound Healing Activities of the 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Seeds of Brassica carinata A. Braun (Brassicaceae) in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2020; 12:463-474. [PMID: 33192105 PMCID: PMC7654552 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s278622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brassica carinata is one of the traditional medicinal plants used in Ethiopia for the treatment of wounds and other diseases. However, the plant has not been scientifically validated, and thus the present study evaluated the in vitro anti-oxidant and the in vivo wound healing activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions of B. carinata seeds in mice. Materials and Methods The crude extract was prepared by maceration using 80% methanol and formulated as 5% and 10% w/w ointments for topical application. The acute dermal toxicity was performed in female albino rats based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline number 434. Excision and incision wound healing models were used to evaluate the wound healing activities of crude extract and solvent fractions ointments in mice. Wound healing parameters such as wound area contraction and the period of epithelialization were determined in an excision model, whereas tensile strength was determined in an incision model. Moreover, the crude extract and solvent fractions were evaluated for the free radical scavenging activities in DPPH assay. Results The acute dermal toxicity test showed that a limit dose of 2,000 mg/kg of 10% w/w crude extract ointment did not cause dermal toxicity in mice. In the excision wound model, the data revealed that 10% w/w ointment exhibited a significant wound contraction (from day 6 to 16, P<0.001) effect with a significant decrease in epithelization period (at day 14, P<0.001). In addition, 5% ointment of the crude extract showed a significant effect in wound contraction (from day 8 onwards, P<0.01) and epithelization period (at day 16, P<0.01). Despite all fractions being shown to promote wound healing, 10% w/w aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions showed a significant wound contraction (P<0.001) effect starting from the 4th day onwards. Besides, the maximum antioxidant activity was seen in the aqueous fraction with an IC50 value of 3.45±0.12 mg/mL. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that the 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of the seeds of B.carinata possess potential wound healing and anti-oxidant effects, supporting the traditional use of the plant for wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belete Kassa Alemu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie 1145, Ethiopia
| | - Kefyalew Ayalew Getahun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Wubayehu Kahaliw
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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11
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Cámara-Martos F, Obregón-Cano S, Mesa-Plata O, Cartea-González ME, de Haro-Bailón A. Quantification and in vitro bioaccessibility of glucosinolates and trace elements in Brassicaceae leafy vegetables. Food Chem 2020; 339:127860. [PMID: 32866700 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Leaf samples from five Brassicaceae species (Brassica carinata, Brassica oleracea, Brassica rapa, Eruca vesicaria and Sinapis alba) were analyzed to determine their contents of glucosinolates and trace elements, and the bioaccessibility of these compounds. Considerable variability in the total contents and glucosinolate profiles was observed in the Brassicaceae species, with the total amounts ranging from 8.5 µmol/g dw in Brassica oleracea to 32.9 µmol/g dw in Sinapis alba. Bioaccessibilities of the predominant glucosinolates were moderate, ranging from 13.1% for glucoraphanin to 43.2% for gluconapin, which is particularly relevant as they have been implicated in a variety of anti-carcinogenic mechanisms. Trace element concentrations were: Se (28-160 µg/Kg dw); Cr (0.31-4.03 µg/g dw); Ni (0.19-1.53 µg/g dw); Fe (8.6-18.8 µg/g dw); Zn (20.8-41.5 µg/g dw); Ca (6.2-15.2 mg/g dw). Brassicaceae leaves were also moderate dietary sources of Se, Ni, Zn and Ca.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cámara-Martos
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba. Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio C-1, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - S Obregón-Cano
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS - CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - O Mesa-Plata
- Departamento de Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Córdoba. Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio C-1, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - M E Cartea-González
- Grupo de Genética, Mejora y Bioquímica de Brásicas. Misión Biológica de Galicia (MBG - CSIC), 36143 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A de Haro-Bailón
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Vegetal. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS - CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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12
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Maina S, Misinzo G, Bakari G, Kim HY. Human, Animal and Plant Health Benefits of Glucosinolates and Strategies for Enhanced Bioactivity: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E3682. [PMID: 32806771 PMCID: PMC7464879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSs) are common anionic plant secondary metabolites in the order Brassicales. Together with glucosinolate hydrolysis products (GSHPs), they have recently gained much attention due to their biological activities and mechanisms of action. We review herein the health benefits of GSs/GSHPs, approaches to improve the plant contents, their bioavailability and bioactivity. In this review, only literature published between 2010 and March 2020 was retrieved from various scientific databases. Findings indicate that these compounds (natural, pure, synthetic, and derivatives) play an important role in human/animal health (disease therapy and prevention), plant health (defense chemicals, biofumigants/biocides), and food industries (preservatives). Overall, much interest is focused on in vitro studies as anti-cancer and antimicrobial agents. GS/GSHP levels improvement in plants utilizes mostly biotic/abiotic stresses and short periods of phytohormone application. Their availability and bioactivity are directly proportional to their contents at the source, which is affected by methods of food preparation, processing, and extraction. This review concludes that, to a greater extent, there is a need to explore and improve GS-rich sources, which should be emphasized to obtain natural bioactive compounds/active ingredients that can be included among synthetic and commercial products for use in maintaining and promoting health. Furthermore, the development of advanced research on compounds pharmacokinetics, their molecular mode of action, genetics based on biosynthesis, their uses in promoting the health of living organisms is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Maina
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea;
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Gerald Misinzo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Gaymary Bakari
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea;
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13
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Rahman M, Khatun A, Liu L, Barkla BJ. Brassicaceae Mustards: Traditional and Agronomic Uses in Australia and New Zealand. Molecules 2018; 23:E231. [PMID: 29361740 PMCID: PMC6017612 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Commonly cultivated Brassicaceae mustards, namely garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata), white mustard (Brassica alba), Ethiopian mustard (B. carinata), Asian mustard (B. juncea), oilseed rape (B. napus), black mustard (B. nigra), rapeseed (B. rapa), white ball mustard (Calepina irregularis), ball mustard (Neslia paniculata), treacle mustard (Erysimum repandum), hedge mustard (Sisymbrium officinale), Asian hedge mustard (S. orientale), smooth mustard (S. erysimoides) and canola are the major economically important oilseed crops in many countries. Mustards were naturalized to Australia and New Zealand and Australia is currently the second largest exporter of Brassicaceae oilseeds to meet the global demand for a healthy plant-derived oil, high in polyunsaturated fats. Apart from providing edible oil, various parts of these plants and many of their phytochemicals have been used traditionally for both agronomic as well as medicinal purposes, with evidence of their use by early Australian and New Zealand settlers and also the indigenous population. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of traditional and agronomic uses of Brassicaceae oilseeds and mustards with a focus on their importance in Australia and New Zealand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmudur Rahman
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW-2480, Australia.
| | - Amina Khatun
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW-2480, Australia.
| | - Lei Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW-2480, Australia.
| | - Bronwyn J Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW-2480, Australia.
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14
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Agnihotri AR, Hulagabali CV, Adhav AS, Joshi RS. Mechanistic insight in potential dual role of sinigrin against Helicoverpa armigera. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 145:121-127. [PMID: 29126020 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effect of glucosinolates on diverse phytophagous insects is well documented, but its impact on insect physiology has remained enigmatic. Here we report insights into detrimental effects of plant glucosinolate molecule, sinigrin, on Helicoverpa armigera growth and development. In-silico screening of multiple glucosinolates predicted sinigrin as one of the potential inhibitor of H. armigera cathepsin B and L. Insects fed on sinigrin containing diet showed significantly reduced growth (20-30%), delayed pupation (10-15%), decreased fecundity (50-80%) and developmental abnormalities. Further, sinigrin showed 50-60% inhibition of ex-vivo cathepsin like activity which might be a reason for growth and development related abnormalities. In-vitro and mass spectrometry studies highlighted the cytotoxicity caused due to the hydrolysis of sinigrin, into toxic isothiocyanates, in presence of H. armigera whole body extract. In conclusion, insect cathepsin inhibition and isothiocyanate mediated cytotoxicity lead to the dual adverse effect of sinigrin on H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha R Agnihotri
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chaitanya V Hulagabali
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anmol S Adhav
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rakesh S Joshi
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
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15
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Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Naqvi AA, Shehzad A, Al-Ghamdi MS. Role of traditional Islamic and Arabic plants in cancer therapy. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:195-204. [PMID: 28417090 PMCID: PMC5388086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ETHNO PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This review article underlines individual Traditional Islamic and Arabic plant (TAI) and their role in treating cancer. The aim of the study is to specifically evaluate the progress of herbs, Arabic and Islamic traditional herbs in particular, applied in cancer treatment, so far. MATERIALS AND METHODS Islamic and Arabic plants were selected and identified through different literature survey using "Google scholar", "Web of science", "Scopus" and "PubMed". Each plant, from identified Arabic and Islamic plants list, was search individually for the most cited articles in the aforementioned databases using the keywords, "Anticancer", "Uses in cancer treatment", "Ethno pharmacological importance in cancer" etc. RESULTS The current review about Islamic and Arabic plants illuminates the importance of Islamic and Arabic plants and their impact in treating cancer. There is a long list of Islamic and Arabic plants used in cancer as mentioned in review with enormous amount of literature. Each plant has been investigated for its anticancer potential. The literature survey as mentioned in table shows; these plants are widely utilized in cancer as a whole, a part thereof or in the form of isolated chemical constituent. CONCLUSIONS This review strongly supports the fact; Arabic and Islamic traditional plants have emerged as a good source of complementary and alternative medicine in treating cancer. Traditional Arab-Islamic herbal-based medicines might be promising for new cancer therapeutics with low toxicity and minimal side effects. The plants used are mostly in crude form and still needs advance research for the isolation of phytochemicals and establishing its cellular and molecular role in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Natural Products and Alternative Medicines, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeb Shehzad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mastour Safer Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Neugart S, Baldermann S, Ngwene B, Wesonga J, Schreiner M. Indigenous leafy vegetables of Eastern Africa - A source of extraordinary secondary plant metabolites. Food Res Int 2017; 100:411-422. [PMID: 28964364 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Indigenous African leafy vegetables vary enormously in their secondary plant metabolites whereat genus and the species have a great impact. In African nightshade (Solanum scabrum), spiderplant (Cleome gynandra), amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Ethiopian kale (Brassica carinata) and common kale (Brassica oleracea) the specific secondary metabolite profile was elucidated and gained detailed data about carotenoids, chlorophylls, glucosinolates and phenolic compounds all having an appropriate contribution to health beneficial properties of indigenous African leafy vegetables. Exemplarily, various quercetin glycosides such as quercetin-3-rutinoside occur in high concentrations in African nightshade, spiderplant, and amaranth between ~1400-3300μg/g DW. Additionally the extraordinary hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives such as glucaric isomers and isocitric acid isomers are found especially in amaranth (up to ~1250μg/g DW) and spiderplant (up to 120μg/g DW). Carotenoids concentrations are high in amaranth (up to101.7μg/g DW) and spiderplants (up to 64.7μg/g DW) showing high concentrations of β-carotene, the pro-vitamin A. In contrast to the ubiquitous occurring phenolics and carotenoids, glucosinolates are only present in the Brassicales species Ethiopian kale, common kale and spiderplant characterized by diverse glucosinolate profiles. Generally, the consumption of a variety of these indigenous African leafy vegetables can be recommended to contribute to different benefits such as antioxidant activity, increase pro-vitamin A and anticancerogenic compounds in a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neugart
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany.
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Benard Ngwene
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
| | - John Wesonga
- Department of Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P.O. Box 62000, 00200 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979 Großbeeren, Germany
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17
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Possenti M, Baima S, Raffo A, Durazzo A, Giusti AM, Natella F. Glucosinolates in Food. REFERENCE SERIES IN PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-25462-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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18
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Abstract
Sinigrin (allyl-glucosinolate or 2-propenyl-glucosinolate) is a natural aliphatic glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family, such as broccoli and brussels sprouts, and the seeds of Brassica nigra (mustard seeds) which contain high amounts of sinigrin. Since ancient times, mustard has been used by mankind for its culinary, as well as medicinal, properties. It has been systematically described and evaluated in the classical Ayurvedic texts. Studies conducted on the pharmacological activities of sinigrin have revealed anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing properties and biofumigation. This current review will bring concise information about the known therapeutic activities of sinigrin. However, the information on known biological activities is very limited and, hence, further studies still need to be conducted and its molecular mechanisms also need to be explored. This review on the therapeutic benefits of sinigrin can summarize current knowledge about this unique phytocompounds.
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Lozano-Baena MD, Tasset I, Muñoz-Serrano A, Alonso-Moraga Á, de Haro-Bailón A. Cancer Prevention and Health Benefices of Traditionally Consumed Borago officinalis Plants. Nutrients 2016; 8:E48. [PMID: 26797631 PMCID: PMC4728661 DOI: 10.3390/nu8010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, healthy eating is increasing the demand of functional foods by societies as sources of bioactive products with healthy qualities. For this reason, we tested the safety of the consumption of Borago officinalis L. and its main phenolic components as well as the possibility of its use as a nutraceutical plant to help in cancer prevention. The in vivo Drosophila Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) and in vitro HL-60 human cell systems were performed, as well-recognized methods for testing genotoxicity/cytotoxicity of bioactive compounds and plant products. B. officinalis and the tested compounds possess antigenotoxic activity. Moreover, B. officinalis wild type cultivar exerts the most antigenotoxic values. Cytotoxic effect was probed for both cultivars with IC50 values of 0.49 and 0.28 mg · mL(-1) for wild type and cultivated plants respectively, as well as their constituent rosmarinic acid and the assayed phenolic mixture (IC50 = 0.07 and 0.04 mM respectively). B. officinalis exerts DNA protection and anticarcinogenic effects as do its component rosmarinic acid and the mixture of the main phenolics presented in the plant. In conclusion, the results showed that B. officinalis may represent a high value plant for pleiotropic uses and support its consumption as a nutraceutical plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Dolores Lozano-Baena
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba E-14004, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Tasset
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Andrés Muñoz-Serrano
- Department of Genetics, Gregor Mendel Building, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Córdoba 14014, Spain.
| | - Ángeles Alonso-Moraga
- Department of Genetics, Gregor Mendel Building, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Córdoba 14014, Spain.
| | - Antonio de Haro-Bailón
- Department of Plant Breeding, Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, Córdoba E-14004, Spain.
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