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Punia P, Singh L. Evaluation of free and immobilized cellulase on chitosan-modified magnetic nanoparticles for saccharification of sorghum residue. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:737-751. [PMID: 38607415 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic hydrolysis plays a pivotal role in transforming lignocellulosic biomass. Addressing alternate techniques to optimize the utilization of cellulolytic enzymes is one strategy to improve its efficiency and lower process costs. Cellulases are highly specific and environmentally benign biocatalysts that break down intricate polysaccharides into simple forms of sugars. In contrast to the most difficult and time-consuming enzyme immobilization processes, in this research, we studied simple, mild, and successful techniques for immobilization of pure cellulase on magnetic nanocomposites using glutaraldehyde as a linker and used in the application of sorghum residue biomass. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with chitosan from the co-precipitation method, which served as an enzyme carrier. The nanoparticles were observed under XRD, Zeta Potential, FESEM, VSM, and FTIR. The size morphology results presented that the Cs@Fe3O4 have 42.2 nm, while bare nanoparticles (Fe3O4) have 31.2 nm in size. The pure cellulase reaches to 98.07% of loading efficiency and 71.67% of recovery activity at optimal conditions. Moreover, immobilized enzyme's pH stability, thermostability, and temperature tolerance were investigated at suitable conditions. The kinetic parameters of free and immobilized enzyme were estimated as Vmax; 29 ± 1.51 and 27.03 ± 2.02 µmol min-1 mg-1, Km; 4.7 ± 0.49 mM and 2.569 ± 0.522 mM and Kcat; 0.13 s-1, and 0.89 s-1. Sorghum residue was subjected to 2% NaOH pre-treatment at 50 ℃. Pre-treated biomass contains cellulose of 64.8%, used as a raw material to evaluate the efficiency of reducing sugar during hydrolysis and saccharification of free and immobilized cellulase, which found maximum concentration of glucose 5.42 g/L and 5.12 g/L on 72 h. Thus, our study verifies the use of immobilized pure cellulase to successfully hydrolyze raw material, which is a significant advancement in lignocellulosic biorefineries and the reusability of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Punia
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Lakhvinder Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, India.
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El-Aziz SMA, Faraag AHI, Ibrahim AM, Albrakati A, Bakkar MR. Tyrosinase enzyme purification and immobilization from Pseudomonas sp. EG22 using cellulose coated magnetic nanoparticles: characterization and application in melanin production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:10. [PMID: 37947912 PMCID: PMC10638195 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03796-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is a brown-black pigment with significant roles in various biological processes. The tyrosinase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to melanin and has promising uses in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. This research aims to purify and immobilize the tyrosinase enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. EG22 using cellulose-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Various techniques were utilized to examine the synthesized nanoparticles, which exhibited a spherical shape with an average diameter of 12 nm and a negative surface potential of - 55.7 mV with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.260. Comparing the immobilized magnetic tyrosinase enzyme with the free enzyme, the study's findings showed that the immobilized tyrosinase enzyme had optimal activity at a pH of 6 and a temperature of 35 °C, and its activity increased as the concentration of tyrosine increased. The study investigated the antibacterial and anticancer bioactivity of the enzyme's melanin product and found that it exhibited potential antibacterial activity against a multi-drug resistant strain including S. aureus and E. coli. The produced melanin also demonstrated the potential to decrease cell survival and induce apoptosis in initiation cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Hassan Ibrahim Faraag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt.
| | | | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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El-aziz SMA, Faraag AHI, Ibrahim AM, Albrakati A, Bakkar MR. Tyrosinase Enzyme Purification and Immobilization from Pseudomonas sp. EG22 Using Cellulose Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles: Characterization of Bioactivity in Melanin Product.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3100351/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Melanin is a brown-black pigment produced by a variety of organisms and has significant roles in various biological processes such as insect cuticle sclerotization, wound healing, and fruit ripening. The tyrosinase enzyme catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. Research on this enzyme and its derivatives has revealed promising uses in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors. The aim of this research is to purify and immobilize the tyrosinase enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. EG22 using cellulose-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Various techniques, such as UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zeta Sizer Nano ZS, and FTIR, were utilized to examine the synthesized nanoparticles. According to the findings, the nanoparticles exhibited a spherical shape with an average diameter of 12 nm. Furthermore, they possessed a negative surface charge, as evidenced by a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.260 and a surface potential of -55.7 mV. The antibacterial and anticancer bioactivity of the enzyme's melanin product is also investigated. Results of the study indicated optimum tyrosinase activity at pH 6 and 35°C and increased with increasing tyrosine concentration. The results indicate that by immobilizing the tyrosinase enzyme on cellulose coated magnetic nanoparticles, its stability can be improved, enabling longer usage. Moreover, this method could prove beneficial in increasing the production of melanin. Produced melanin showed potential antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant strain of Citrobacter freundii. The potential of melanin pigment to decrease cell survival and induce apoptosis in initiation cells was demonstrated. When treated with the IC50 concentration, HepG2 cells showed reduced resistance to melanin pigment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif
| | - Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo
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Godoy-Gallardo M, Merino-Gómez M, Matiz LC, Mateos-Timoneda MA, Gil FJ, Perez RA. Nucleoside-Based Supramolecular Hydrogels: From Synthesis and Structural Properties to Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:40-61. [PMID: 36524860 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels are of great interest in tissue scaffolding, diagnostics, and drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and stimuli-responsive properties. In particular, nucleosides are promising candidates as building blocks due to their manifold noncovalent interactions and ease of chemical modification. Significant progress in the field has been made over recent years to allow the use of nucleoside-based supramolecular hydrogels in the biomedical field, namely drug delivery and 3D bioprinting. For example, their long-term stability, printability, functionality, and bioactivity have been greatly improved by employing more than one gelator, incorporating different cations, including silver for antibacterial activity, or using additives such as boric acid or even biomolecules. This now permits their use as bioinks for 3D printing to produce cell-laden scaffolds with specified geometries and pore sizes as well as a homogeneous distribution of living cells and bioactive molecules. We have summarized the latest advances in nucleoside-based supramolecular hydrogels. Additionally, we discuss their synthesis, structural properties, and potential applications in tissue engineering and provide an outlook and future perspective on ongoing developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Department of Basic Science, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Merino-Gómez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Department of Basic Science, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisamaria C Matiz
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Department of Basic Science, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Mateos-Timoneda
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Department of Basic Science, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Department of Basic Science, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman A Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Department of Basic Science, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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Chen W, He L, Song W, Huang J, Zhong N. Encapsulation of lipases by nucleotide/metal ion coordination polymers: enzymatic properties and their applications in glycerolysis and esterification studies. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4012-4024. [PMID: 34997576 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, lipases of TLL (lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus), AOL (lipase from Aspergillus oryzae), RML (lipase from Rhizomucor miehei), BCL (lipase from Burkholderia cepacia), CALA (Candida antarctica lipase A) and LU (Lecitase® Ultra) were encapsulated into nucleotide-hybrid metal coordination polymers (CPs). Enzyme concentration was optimized for encapsulation and the enzymatic properties of the obtained lipases were investigated. In addition, their performance in glycerolysis and esterification was evaluated, and glycerolysis conditions (water content, temperature and time) were optimized. RESULTS Hydrolysis activity over 10 000 U g-1 and activity recovery over 90% were observed from AOL@GMP/Tb, TLL@GMP/Tb and RML@GMP/Tb. GMP/Tb encapsulation (of AOL, TLL, RML and LU) improved their thermostability when incubated in air. The encapsulated lipases exhibited moderate [triacylglycerols (TAG) conversion 30-50%] and considerable glycerolysis activity (TAG conversion over 60%). TAG conversions from 69.37% to 82.35% and diacylglycerols (DAG) contents from 58.62% to 64.88% were obtained from CALA@GMP/metal samples (except for CALA@GMP/Cu). Interestingly, none of the encapsulated lipases initiated the esterification reaction. AOL@GMP/Tb, TLL@GMP/Tb, RML@GMP/Tb and CALA@GMP/Tb showed good reusability in glycerolysis, with 88.80%, 94.67%, 89.85% and 78.16% of their initial glycerolysis activity, respectively, remaining after five cycles of reuse. The relationships between temperature and TAG conversion were LnV0 = 6.5364-3.7943/T and LnV0 = 13.8820-6.4684/T for AOL@GMP/Tb and CALA@GMP/Tb, respectively; in addition, their activation energies were 31.55 and 53.78 kJ mol-1 , respectively. CONCLUSION Most of the present encapsulated lipases exhibited moderate and considerable glycerolysis activity. In addition, AOL@GMP/Tb, TLL@GMP/Tb, RML@GMP/Tb and CALA@GMP/Tb exhibited good reusability in glycerolysis reactions and potential in practical applications. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Chen
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Lihong He
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Wenzhu Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Jianrong Huang
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
| | - Nanjing Zhong
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, China
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Azarnier SG, Esmkhani M, Dolatkhah Z, Javanshir S. Collagen-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as a sustainable catalyst for spirooxindole synthesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6104. [PMID: 35414646 PMCID: PMC9005729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel magnetic organic–inorganic hybrid catalyst was fabricated by encapsulating magnetite@silica (Fe3O4@SiO2) nanoparticles with Isinglass protein collagen (IGPC) using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as a crosslinking agent. Characterization studies of the prepared particles were accomplished by various analytical techniques specifically, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) analysis. The XRD results showed a crystalline and amorphous phase which contribute to magnetite and isinglass respectively. Moreover, the formation of the core/shell structure had been confirmed by TEM images. The synthesized Fe3O4@SiO2/ECH/IG was applied as a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives through the multicomponent reaction of isatin, malononitrile, and C-H acids which demonstrated its excellent catalytic properties. The advantages of this green approach were low catalyst loading, short reaction time, stability, and recyclability for at least four runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Ghanbari Azarnier
- Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Esmkhani
- Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Dolatkhah
- Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Javanshir
- Heterocyclic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.
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Ariaeenejad S, Kavousi K, Maleki M, Motamedi E, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Application of free and immobilized novel bifunctional biocatalyst in biotransformation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131412. [PMID: 34329139 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an innovative, green, and practical biocatalyst was developed using conjugation of a novel bifunctional mannanase/xylanase biocatalyst (PersiManXyn1) to the modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Firstly, PersiManXyn1 was multi-stage in-silico screened from rumen macrobiota, and then cloned, expressed, and purified. Next, CNCs were synthesized from sugar beet pulp using enzymatic and acid hydrolysis processes, and then Fe3O4 NPs were anchored on their surface to produce magnetic CNCs (MCNCs). This hybrid was modified by dopamine providing DA/MCNCs nano-carrier. The bifunctional PersiManXyn1 demonstrated the superior hydrolysis activity on corn cob compared with the monofunctional xylanase enzyme (PersiXyn2). Moreover, the immobilization of PersiManXyn1 on the nano-carrier resulted in an improvement of the thermal stability, kinetic parameters (Kcat), and storage stability of the enzyme. Incorporation of the Fe3O4 NPs on the CNCs made magnetic nano-carrier with high magnetization value (25.8 emu/g) which exhibited rapid response toward the external magnetic fields. Hence, the immobilized biocatalyst could be easily separated from the products by a magnet, and reused up to 8 cycles with maintaining more than 50% of its original activity. The immobilized PersiManXyn1 generated 22.2%, 38.7%, and 35.1% more reducing sugars after 168 h hydrolysis of the sugar beet pulp, coffee waste, and rice straw, respectively, compared to the free enzyme. Based on the results, immobilization of the bifunctional PersiManXyn1 exhibited the superb performance of the enzyme to improve the conversion of the lignocellulosic wastes into high value products and develop the cost-competition biomass operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems and synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Maleki
- Department of Systems and synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Elaheh Motamedi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | | | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems and synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran; Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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8
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Nanocarriers-based immobilization of enzymes for industrial application. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:427. [PMID: 34603907 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02953-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers-based immobilization strategies are a novel concept in the enhancement of enzyme stability, shelf life and efficiency. A wide range of natural and artificial supports have been assessed for their efficacy in enzyme immobilization. Nanomaterials epitomize unique and fascinating matrices for enzyme immobilization. These structures include carbon nanotubes, superparamagnetic nanoparticles and nanofibers. These nano-based supports offer stable attachment of enzymes, thus ensuring their reusability in diverse industrial applications. This review attempts to encompass recent developments in the critical role played by nanotechnology towards the improvement of the practical applicability of microbial enzymes. Nanoparticles are increasingly being used in combination with various polymers to facilitate enzyme immobilization. These endeavors are proving to be conducive for enzyme-catalyzed industrial operations. In recent years the diversity of nanomaterials has grown tremendously, thus offering endless opportunities in the form of novel combinations for various biotransformation experimentations. These nanocarriers are advantageous for both free enzymes and whole-cell immobilization, thus demonstrating to be relatively effective in several fermentation procedures.
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Öz Y, Sürmeli Y, Şanlı-Mohamed G. Enhanced thermostability of the immobilized thermoalkalophilic esterase onto magnetic-cornstarch nanoparticle. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1418-1427. [PMID: 34151468 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of the biocatalysts onto magnetic nanoparticles has been extensively applied as the external magnetic field facilitates the enzyme recovery from the reaction mixture. In the present study, glutaraldehyde-modified magnetite-cornstarch nanoparticles (MCNs) were successfully synthesized, elaborately characterized by ZetaSizer and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and used for the immobilization of a thermoalkalophilic esterase from Geobacillus sp. The optimal immobilization conditions were obtained at 65°C, 2:3 molar ratios of Fe2+ :Fe3+ , and 1 g cornstarch resulted in approximately 90 nm magnetic particles in size. Also, immobilization yield and immobilization efficiency of the esterase were found as 74% and 82%, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that MCNs were uniform, spherical in shape, and well dispersed and esterase immobilized MCNs displayed similar morphology as free MCNs. The maximum activity of free and immobilized esterase was obtained at 65°C and pH 9. Immobilization onto glutaraldehyde-modified MCNs significantly enhanced the esterase thermostability. Additionally, the immobilized esterase kept its residual activity of 75% after three sequential cycles, suggesting that it has favorable operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Öz
- Department of Chemistry, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sürmeli
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Şanlı-Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkey.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkey
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Magnetic Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates of a Transpeptidase-Specialized Variant (N450D) of Bacillus licheniformis γ-Glutamyl Transpeptidase: An Efficient and Stable Biocatalyst for l-Theanine Synthesis. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) catalyzes the transfer of glutathione’s γ-glutamyl group and related γ-glutamyl amides to water, amino acids or peptides, and utilizes a conserved Thr residue to process its own polypeptide chain into a large and a small subunit that then assemble to produce a catalytically competent enzyme. In this study, the magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates (mCLEAs) of a transpeptidase-specialized variant (N450D) of Bacillus licheniformis GGT were successfully prepared with optimized process parameters viz.1.25:1 (v/v) of isopropanol to N450D (0.3 mg/mL) ratio/0.02:1 (w/w) of enzyme to 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES)-coated magnetic nanoparticle ratio/20 mM of glutaraldehyde. The prepared magnetic nanoparticles and immobilized enzyme (N450D-mCLEAs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope integrated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDS), and superparamagnetic analysis. As compared with free enzyme, N450D-mCLEAs displayed significantly higher heat resistance at temperatures of 55 and 60 °C, and had a greater stability over a storage period of one month. The immobilized enzyme could also be reused for 10 consecutive biocatalytic cycles with no significant reduction in the percent yield of l-theanine. Conclusively, this immobilization strategy surely provides a meaningful glance of developing N450D-mediated biocatalysis for the production of physiologically important γ-glutamyl compounds.
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11
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Bilal M, Iqbal HMN. Armoring bio-catalysis via structural and functional coordination between nanostructured materials and lipases for tailored applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 166:818-838. [PMID: 33144258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials represent an interesting and novel class of support matrices for the immobilization of different enzymes. Owing to the high surface area, robust mechanical stability, outstanding optical, thermal, and electrical properties, nanomaterials have been rightly perceived as desired immobilization matrices for lipases immobilization with a wide array of biotechnological applications such as dairy, food technology, fine chemical, pharmaceutical, detergent, and oleochemical industries. Lipases immobilized on nanomaterials have demonstrated superior attributes than free counterparts, such as aggrandized pH and thermal stability, robustness, long-term stability, and the possibility of reuse and recycling in several times. Here we review current and state-of-the-art literature on the use of nanomaterials as novel platforms for the immobilization of lipase enzymes. The physicochemical properties and exploitation of a large number of new nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotubes, nano-silica, graphene/graphene oxide, metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanostructures, metal-organic frameworks, and hybrid nanoflowers as a host matrix to constitute robust lipases-based nanobiocatalytic systems are discussed. Conclusive remarks, trends, and future recommendations for nanomaterial immobilized enzymes are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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12
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Rangel-Muñoz N, González-Barrios AF, Pradilla D, Osma JF, Cruz JC. Novel Bionanocompounds: Outer Membrane Protein A and Lacasse Co-Immobilized on Magnetite Nanoparticles for Produced Water Treatment. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2278. [PMID: 33213016 PMCID: PMC7698600 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The oil and gas industry generates large amounts of oil-derived effluents such as Heavy Crude Oil (HCO) in water (W) emulsions, which pose a significant remediation and recovery challenge due to their high stability and the presence of environmentally concerning compounds. Nanomaterials emerge as a suitable alternative for the recovery of such effluents, as they can separate them under mild conditions. Additionally, different biomolecules with bioremediation and interfacial capabilities have been explored to functionalize such nanomaterials to improve their performance even further. Here, we put forward the notion of combining these technologies for the simultaneous separation and treatment of O/W effluent emulsions by a novel co-immobilization approach where both OmpA (a biosurfactant) and Laccase (a remediation enzyme) were effectively immobilized on polyether amine (PEA)-modified magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs). The obtained bionanocompounds (i.e., MNP-PEA-OmpA, MNP-PEA-Laccase, and MNP-PEA-OmpA-Laccase) were successfully characterized via DLS, XRD, TEM, TGA, and FTIR. The demulsification of O/W emulsions was achieved by MNP-PEA-OmpA and MNP-PEA-OmpA-Laccase at 5000 ppm. This effect was further improved by applying an external magnetic field to approach HCO removal efficiencies of 81% and 88%, respectively. The degradation efficiencies with these two bionanocompounds reached levels of between 5% and 50% for the present compounds. Taken together, our results indicate that the developed nanoplatform holds significant promise for the efficient treatment of emulsified effluents from the oil and gas industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Rangel-Muñoz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 este No 19A-40, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Andres Fernando González-Barrios
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera. 1 este No. 19a–40, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (A.F.G.-B.); (D.P.)
| | - Diego Pradilla
- Grupo de Diseño de Productos y Procesos (GDPP), Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera. 1 este No. 19a–40, Bogotá 111711, Colombia; (A.F.G.-B.); (D.P.)
| | - Johann F. Osma
- CMUA, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera. 1 este No. 19a–40, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Juan C. Cruz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 este No 19A-40, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
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13
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Sharifi M, Sohrabi MJ, Hosseinali SH, Hasan A, Kani PH, Talaei AJ, Karim AY, Nanakali NMQ, Salihi A, Aziz FM, Yan B, Khan RH, Saboury AA, Falahati M. Enzyme immobilization onto the nanomaterials: Application in enzyme stability and prodrug-activated cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 143:665-676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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14
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Co-immobilization of multiple enzymes onto surface-functionalized magnetic nanoparticle for the simultaneous hydrolysis of multiple substrates containing industrial wastes. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Wang TF, Lo HF, Chi MC, Lai KL, Lin MG, Lin LL. Affinity Immobilization of a Bacterial Prolidase onto Metal-Ion-Chelated Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Hydrolysis of Organophosphorus Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3625. [PMID: 31344929 PMCID: PMC6696040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles (SiMNPs) with isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane as a metal-chelating ligand were prepared for the immobilization of His6-tagged Escherichia coli prolidase (His6-EcPepQ). Under one-hour coupling, the enzyme-loading capacity for the Ni2+-functionalized SiMNPs (NiNTASiMNPs) was 1.5 mg/mg support, corresponding to about 58.6% recovery of the initial activity. Native and enzyme-bound NiNTASiMNPs were subsequently characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), superparamagnetic analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. As compared to free enzyme, His6-EcPepQ@NiNTASiMNPs had significantly higher activity at 70 °C and pH ranges of 5.5 to 10, and exhibited a greater stability during a storage period of 60 days and could be recycled 20 times with approximately 80% retention of the initial activity. The immobilized enzyme was further applied in the hydrolysis of two different organophosphorus compounds, dimethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (methyl paraoxon) and diethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate (ethyl paraoxon). The experimental results showed that methyl paraoxon was a preferred substrate for His6-EcPepQ and the kinetic behavior of free and immobilized enzymes towards this substance was obviously different. Taken together, the immobilization strategy surely provides an efficient means to deposit active enzymes onto NiNTASiMNPs for His6-EcPepQ-mediated biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Fan Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Fen Lo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hungkuang University, 1018 Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Chun Chi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ling Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hungkuang University, 1018 Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu District, Taichung City 43302, Taiwan
| | - Min-Guan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nangang District, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
| | - Long-Liu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, 300 Syuefu Road, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan.
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16
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Sher H, Ali H, Rashid MH, Iftikhar F, Saif-Ur-Rehman, Nawaz MS, Khan WS. Enzyme Immobilization on Metal-Organic Framework (MOF): Effects on Thermostability and Function. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:636-647. [PMID: 31208305 DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190430120046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MOFs are porous materials with adjustable porosity ensuing a tenable surface area and stability. MOFs consist of metal containing joint where organic ligands are linked with coordination bonding rendering a unique architecture favouring the diverse applications in attachment of enzymes, Chemical catalysis, Gases storage and separation, biomedicals. In the past few years immobilization of soluble enzymes on/in MOF has been the topic of interest for scientists working in diverse field. The activity of enzyme, reusability, storage, chemical and thermal stability, affinity with substrate can be greatly improved by immobilizing of enzyme on MOFs. Along with improvement in enzymes properties, the high loading of enzyme is also observed while using MOFs as immobilization support. In this review a detail study of immobilization on/in Metalorganic Frameworks (MOFs) have been described. Furthermore, strategies for the enzyme immobilization on MOFs and resulting in improved catalytic performance of immobilized enzymes have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sher
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Ali
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad H Rashid
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Iftikhar
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saif-Ur-Rehman
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad S Nawaz
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waheed S Khan
- Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan
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17
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Hadadi M, Habibi A. Candida rugosa lipase immobilized on functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a sustainable catalyst for production of natural epoxides. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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He J, Sun S, Zhou Z, Yuan Q, Liu Y, Liang H. Thermostable enzyme-immobilized magnetic responsive Ni-based metal–organic framework nanorods as recyclable biocatalysts for efficient biosynthesis of S-adenosylmethionine. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:2077-2085. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04857f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel magnetic responsive Ni-based metal–organic framework material was developed to efficiently separate and immobilize thermal enzymes with high catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhou
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- P.R. China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing
- P.R. China
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19
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Zou T, Han Y, Li X, Li W, Zhang J, Fu Y. Unexpected catalytic activity of Pd(II)-coordinated nucleotides in hydrogenation reduction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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20
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Bilal M, Zhao Y, Rasheed T, Iqbal HMN. Magnetic nanoparticles as versatile carriers for enzymes immobilization: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:2530-2544. [PMID: 30201561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are highly efficient biocatalysts and widely employed in biotechnological sectors. However, lack of (re)-purification and efficient recovery of enzymes are among the most critical and challenging aspects, which render them enormously expensive for industrial exploitability. Aiming to tackle these challenges, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained a special place as versatile carriers and supporting matrices for immobilization purposes, owing to the exceptional properties of MNPs, such as large surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio, and mobility and high mass transference. More importantly, they can also be easily separated and recovered by applying an external magnetic field. Apart from their biocompatible micro-environment, the utilization of such MNPs represents a noteworthy green chemistry approach, since it lengthens the biocatalyst lifetime through multiple recovery cycles. According to the literature evidence, various modification and/or functionalization approaches have been developed to produce MNPs for the effective immobilization of a broad variety of industrially important enzymes and biomolecules with improved characteristics. Enzymes immobilized on MNPs displayed a wide-working pH and temperature range, as well as, improved thermal and storage stabilities than that of their pristine counterparts. Co-immobilization of multi-enzymes could also be accomplished through nanoparticle-based approaches. This review presents an updated outlook on the development and characterization of MNPs, in particular, iron-based MNPs-derived nano-constructs as support materials for enzyme immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Yuping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Tahir Rasheed
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
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21
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A tri-enzyme co-immobilized magnetic complex: Process details, kinetics, thermodynamics and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1781-1795. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Xu L, Zhang Z, Fang X, Liu Y, Liu B, Liu J. Robust Hydrogels from Lanthanide Nucleotide Coordination with Evolving Nanostructures for a Highly Stable Protein Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:14321-14330. [PMID: 29644845 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal coordination with organic ligands often produce crystalline metal-organic frameworks and sometimes amorphous nanoparticles. In this work, we explore a different type of material from the same chemistry: hydrogels. Lanthanides are chosen as the metal component because of their important technological applications and continuously tunable properties. Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and lanthanides form two types of coordination materials: the lighter lanthanides from La3+ to Tb3+ form nanoparticles, whereas the rest heavier ones initially form nanoparticles but later spontaneously transform to hydrogels. This slow sol-to-gel transition is accompanied by heat release, as indicated by isothermal titration calorimetry. The transition is also accompanied by a morphology change from nanoparticles to nanofibers, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy. These gels are insensitive to ionic strength or temperature with excellent stability. Gelation is unique to AMP because other nucleotides or other adenine derivatives only yield nanoparticles or soluble products. Entrapment of guest molecules such as glucose oxidase is also explored, where the hydrogels allow a better enzyme activity and stability compared to nanoparticles. Further applications of lanthanide coordinated hydrogels might include biosensors, imaging agents, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Zhongshan 528458 , P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Zijie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Xiaoqiang Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Zhongshan 528458 , P. R. China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Biwu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Juewen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology , University of Waterloo , 200 University Avenue West , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1
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23
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Kumar V, Dangi AK, Shukla P. Engineering Thermostable Microbial Xylanases Toward its Industrial Applications. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 60:226-235. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-018-0059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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24
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Guo Y, Zhu X, Fang F, Hong X, Wu H, Chen D, Huang X. Immobilization of Enzymes on a Phospholipid Bionically Modified Polysulfone Gradient-Pore Membrane for the Enhanced Performance of Enzymatic Membrane Bioreactors. Molecules 2018; 23:E144. [PMID: 29324678 PMCID: PMC6017099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic membrane bioreactors (EMBRs), with synergistic catalysis-separation performance, have increasingly been used for practical applications. Generally, the membrane properties, particularly the pore structures and interface interactions, have a significant impact on the catalytic efficiency of the EMBR. Therefore, a biomimetic interface based on a phospholipid assembled onto a polysulfone hollow-fiber membrane with perfect radial gradient pores (RGM-PSF) has been prepared in this work to construct a highly efficient and stable EMBR. On account of the special pore structure of the RGM-PSF with the apertures decreasing gradually from the inner side to the outer side, the enzyme molecules could be evenly distributed on the three-dimensional skeleton of the membrane. In addition, the supported phospholipid layer in the membrane, prepared by physical adsorption, was used for the immobilization of the enzymes, which provides sufficient linkage to prevent the enzymes from leaching but also accommodates as many enzyme molecules as possible to retain high bioactivity. The properties of the EMBR were studied by using lipase from Candida rugosa for the hydrolysis of glycerol triacetate as a model. Energy-dispersive X-ray and circular dichroism spectroscopy were employed to observe the effect of lecithin on the membrane and structure changes in the enzyme, respectively. The operational conditions were investigated to optimize the performance of the EMBR by testing substrate concentrations from 0.05 to 0.25 M, membrane fluxes from 25.5 to 350.0 L·m-2·h-1, and temperatures from 15 to 55 °C. As a result, the obtained EMBR showed a desirable performance with 42% improved enzymatic activity and 78% improved catalytic efficiency relative to the unmodified membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizong Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xueyan Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Fei Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xiao Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Huimin Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Dajing Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. @zju.edu.cn
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25
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Liu Z, Liu Y, Shen S, Wu D. Progress of recyclable magnetic particles for biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:366-380. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02941a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The preparation, types, recycling methods, biomedical applications and outlook of recyclable magnetic particles have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Shihong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- P. R. China
| | - Daocheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Education Ministry
- School of Life Science and Technology
- Xi’an Jiaotong University
- Xi’an 710049
- P. R. China
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26
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Pu F, Ren J, Qu X. Nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides: versatile biomolecules for generating functional nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 47:1285-1306. [PMID: 29265140 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00673j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of biomolecules into nanomaterials generates functional nanosystems with novel and advanced properties, presenting great potential for applications in various fields. Nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides, as building blocks of nucleic acids and biological coenzymes, constitute necessary components of the foundation of life. In recent years, as versatile biomolecules for the construction or regulation of functional nanomaterials, they have stimulated interest in researchers, due to their unique properties such as structural diversity, multiplex binding sites, self-assembly ability, stability, biocompatibility, and chirality. In this review, strategies for the synthesis of nanomaterials and the regulation of their morphologies and functions using nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides as building blocks, templates or modulators are summarized alongside selected applications. The diverse applications range from sensing, bioimaging, and drug delivery to mimicking light-harvesting antenna, the construction of logic gates, and beyond. Furthermore, some perspectives and challenges in this emerging field are proposed. This review is directed toward the broader scientific community interested in biomolecule-based functional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Pu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Jinsong Ren
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
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27
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In-Situ Self-Assembly of Zinc/Adenine Hybrid Nanomaterials for Enzyme Immobilization. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7110327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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28
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Fernandez-Lafuente R. Special Issue: Enzyme Immobilization 2016. Molecules 2017; 22:E601. [PMID: 28397749 PMCID: PMC6153742 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis-CSIC, C/Marie Curie 2, Campus UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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