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Bhargava S, Jankowski J, Merckelbach E, Roth CE, Craveiro RB, Wolf M. Development, Establishment, and Validation of a Model for the Mineralization of Periodontium Remodelling Cells: Cementoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13829. [PMID: 37762132 PMCID: PMC10531176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing dialysis are at high risk of bone fractures. CKD-induced mineral and bone disorder is extended to periodontal disease due to changes in the ionic composition of saliva in CKD patients, dysregulating mineralization, hindering regeneration and thereby promoting the progression of dental complications. Despite the importance of cementum for overall oral health, the mechanisms that regulate its development and regeneration are not well comprehended, and a lack of sufficient in vitro experimental models has hindered research progress. In this study, the impact of experimental conditions on the calcification of cementoblasts was systematically investigated, aimed at establishing a standardized and validated model for the calcification of cementoblasts. The effects of phosphate, calcium, ascorbic acid, β-glycerolphosphate, dexamethasone, and fetal calf serum on the calcification process of cementoblasts were analyzed over a wide range of concentrations and time points by investigating calcium content, cell viability, gene expression and kinase activity. Cementoblasts calcified in a concentration- and time-dependent manner with higher concentrations of supplements cause a higher degree of calcification but decreased cell viability. Phosphate and calcium have a significantly stronger effect on cementoblast calcification processes compared to osteogenic supplements: ascorbic acid, β-glycerolphosphate, and dexamethasone induce calcification over a wide range of osteogenic signalling pathways, with osteopontin being a central target of gene regulation. Conversely, treatment with ascorbic acid, β-glycerolphosphate, and dexamethasone leads to activating only selected pathways, especially promoting bone sialoprotein expression. The developed and validated cementoblast calcification protocol, incubating up to 60% confluent cementoblasts with 1.9 mmol L-1 of phosphate supplementation for a reasonable, multi-pathway calcification induction and 10 mmol L-1 β-glycerolphosphate, 75 µmol L-1 ascorbic acid and 10 nmol L-1 dexamethasone for a reasonable osteogenic differentiation-based calcification induction, provides standard in vitro experimental models for better understanding cementoblast function and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Bhargava
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany; (S.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany; (S.B.); (E.M.)
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease (AMICARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52062 Aachen, Germany
- Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Merckelbach
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany; (S.B.); (E.M.)
| | - Charlotte Elisa Roth
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.E.R.); (R.B.C.); (M.W.)
| | - Rogerio Bastos Craveiro
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.E.R.); (R.B.C.); (M.W.)
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, University of Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.E.R.); (R.B.C.); (M.W.)
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Qin W, Yang L, Chen X, Ye S, Liu A, Chen D, Hu K. Wedelolactone Promotes the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Suppressing EZH2. Int J Stem Cells 2023; 16:326-341. [PMID: 36310024 PMCID: PMC10465333 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc22046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that leads to the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. Current clinical therapeutic strategies are moderately effective at relieving OA-associated pain but cannot induce chondrocyte differentiation or achieve cartilage regeneration. We investigated the ability of wedelolactone, a biologically active natural product that occurs in Eclipta alba (false daisy), to promote chondrogenic differentiation. Methods and Results Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining assays were used to evaluate the effects of wedelolactone on the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). RNA sequencing, microRNA (miRNA) sequencing, and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation analyses were performed to explore the mechanism by which wedelolactone promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. We found that wedelolactone facilitates the chondrogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs and rat bone-marrow MSCs. Moreover, the forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling pathway was upregulated by wedelolactone during chondrogenic differentiation, and a FOXO1 inhibitor attenuated the effect of wedelolactone on chondrocyte differentiation. We determined that wedelolactone reduces enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-mediated histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation of the promoter region of FOXO1 to upregulate its transcription. Additionally, we found that wedelolactone represses miR-1271-5p expression, and that miR-1271-5p post-transcriptionally suppresses the expression of FOXO1 that is dependent on the binding of miR-1271-5p to the FOXO1 3'-untranscribed region. Conclusions These results indicate that wedelolactone suppresses the activity of EZH2 to facilitate the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs by activating the FOXO1 signaling pathway. Wedelolactone may therefore improve cartilage regeneration in diseases characterized by inflammatory tissue destruction, such as OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qin
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaotong Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanyu Ye
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunhua Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen X, GUO Y, LU J, QIN L, HU T, ZENG X, WANG X, ZHANG A, ZHUANG Y, ZHONG H, GUO C. Acupotomy ameliorates subchondral bone absorption and mechanical properties in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis by regulating bone morphogenetic protein 2-Smad1 pathway. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2023; 43:734-743. [PMID: 37454258 PMCID: PMC10320461 DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20230404.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of acupotomy on the subchondral bone absorption and mechanical properties in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS The rabbits were divided into blank control, model, acupotomy and electroacupuncture (EA) groups, with 12 rabbits in each. Modified Videman's method was used to prepare KOA model. The acupotomy and EA group were given indicated intervention for 3 weeks. The behavior of rabbits in each group was recorded. Subsequently, cartilage-subchondral bone units were obtained and morphological changes were observed by optical microscope and micro computed tomography. Compression test was used to detect the mechanical properties of subchondral bone, Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were applied to detect the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2-Smad1 (BMP2-Smad1) pathway in subchondral bone. RESULTS Compared with the control group, rabbits in the KOA group showed lameness, knee pain, and cartilage degradation; the subchondral bone showed active resorption, the mechanical properties decreased significantly and the BMP2-Smad1 pathway downregulated significantly. Both acupotomy and EA intervention could increase the thickness of trabecular bone (Tb. Th), the bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and the thickness of subchondral bone plate, reduce the separation of trabecular bone (Tb. Sp), improve the maximum load and elastic modulus of subchondral bone, and effectively delay cartilage degeneration in KOA rabbits. This process may be achieved through upregulation the related proteins of BMP2-Smad1 pathway. The maximum load and elastic modulus of subchondral bone in the acupotomy group were slightly better than those in the EA group. CONCLUSIONS Acupotomy could effectively protect cartilage by inhibiting abnormal bone resorption and improving mechanical properties of subchondral bone thorough the related proteins of BMP2-Smad1 pathway in KOA rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Chen
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan GUO
- 2 Acupuncture and Moxibustion Department, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated with Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Juan LU
- 3 Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Luxue QIN
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tingyao HU
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin ZENG
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xinyue WANG
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Anran ZHANG
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuxin ZHUANG
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Honggang ZHONG
- 4 Institute of Bone Injury, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Changqing GUO
- 1 School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Ha NM, Hop NQ, Son NT. Wedelolactone: A molecule of interests. Fitoterapia 2023; 164:105355. [PMID: 36410612 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The search for bioactive molecules from medicinal plants of the family Asteraceae has been one of the targets in various phytochemical and pharmacological investigations for many years. According to these studies, wedelolactone, a coumestan of the secondary metabolite type, is a key compound found in several Eclipta and Wedelia herbal plants. To date, numerous experimental studies with intention of highlighting its role in drug development programs were carried out, but an extensive review is not sufficient. OBJECTIVE The current review aims to fill the gaps in extensive knowledge about phytochemistry, synthesis, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics of coumestan wedelolactone. MATERIALS AND METHODS The databases Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Medline, and CNKI were used to compile the list of references. In order to find references, "wedelolactone" was considered separately or in combination with "phytochemistry", "synthesis", "pharmacology", and "pharmacokinetics." Since the 1950s, >100 publications have been collected and reviewed. RESULTS Wedelolactone is likely to be a characteristic metabolite of two genera Eclipta and Wedelia, the family Asteraceae, while it could be synthetically derived from mono-phenol derivatives, through Sonogashira and cross-coupling reactions. Numerous biomedical investigations on wedelolactone revealed that its pharmacological values included anticancer, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antimyotoxicity, antibacterial, antioxidant, antivirus, anti-aging, cardiovascular, serine protease inhibition, especially its protective health benefits to living organs such as liver, kidney, lung, neuron, eye, bone, and tooth. The combination of wedelolactone and potential agents is a preferential approach to improve its biomedical values. Pharmacokinetic study exhibited that wedelolactone was metabolized in rat plasma due to hydrolysis, open-ring lactone, methylation, demethylation, and glucuronidation. CONCLUSIONS Wedelolactone is a promising agent with the great pharmacological values. Molecular mechanisms of the actions of this compound at both in vitro and in vivo levels are now available. However, reports highlighting biosynthesis and structure-activity relationship are still not adequate. Moreover, chemo-preventive records utilizing nano-technological approaches to improve its bioavailability are needed since the solubility in the living body environment is still limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Manh Ha
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Quang Hop
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2 (HPU2), Nguyen Van Linh, Xuanhoa, Phucyen, Vinhphuc, Viet Nam
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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Wang XQ, Liu RP, Wang J, Luo D, Li YH, Jiang H, Xu YN, Kim NH. Wedelolactone facilitates the early development of parthenogenetically activated porcine embryos by reducing oxidative stress and inhibiting autophagy. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13766. [PMID: 35910774 PMCID: PMC9332323 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Wedelolactone (WDL) is a coumaryl ether compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Eclipta prostrata L. It is a natural polyphenol that exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-free radical, and antioxidant activities in the bone, brain, and ovary. However, its effect on embryonic development remains unknown. The present study explored the influence of WDL supplementation of porcine oocytes culture in vitro on embryonic development and the underlying mechanisms and its effect on the levels of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Keap1/Nrf2/ARE). The results showed that WDL (2.5 nM) significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate, mitochondrial activity, and proliferation ability while reducing the reactive oxygen species accumulation, apoptosis, and autophagy. These findings suggested that WDL can enhance the growth and development of early porcine embryos to alleviate oxidative stress and autophagy through regulating NRF2 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAP1LC3) gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Rong-Ping Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying-Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Model, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yong-Nan Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
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Geng Y, Li T, Hu Y, Zhang L, Cui X, Zhu L, Wu B, Luo X. The Effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 or Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1 Silencing on Phosphorus Utilization and Related Parameters in Primary Broiler Osteoblasts. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:943864. [PMID: 35847630 PMCID: PMC9280412 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.943864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) or extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) silencing on phosphorus (P) utilization and related parameters in primary broiler osteoblasts. Experiment 1 was carried out to select the most efficacious siRNAs against BMP2 or ERK1 for the subsequent experiment. In experiment 2, with or without the siRNA against BMP2 or ERK1, primary broiler osteoblasts were incubated in the medium supplemented with 0.0 or 2.0 mmol/L of P as NaH2PO4 for 12 days. The osteoblastic P utilization and related parameters were determined. The results showed that the si980 and si1003 were the most effective (P < 0.05) in inhibiting BMP2 and ERK1 expressions, respectively. The BMP2 silencing reduced (P < 0.004) the osteoblastic P retention rate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, BMP2 mRNA and protein expressions. Supplemental P increased (P = 0.0008) ALP activity. Significant interactions (P < 0.04) between the gene silencing and supplemental P level were observed in both mineralization formation and bone gal protein (BGP) content. The BMP2 silencing decreased (P < 0.05) mineralization formation at both 0.0 and 2.0 mmol/L of added P levels, but the decreased degree was greater at 2.0 mmol/L of added P level, while BMP2 silencing reduced (P < 0.05) BGP content at only 2.0 mmol/L of added P level. The ERK1 silencing decreased (P < 0.004) mineralization formation, ALP activity, BGP content, ERK1 mRNA, ERK1 and p-ERK1 protein expressions. Supplemental P increased (P < 0.03) mineralization formation, ALP activity, BGP content and p-ERK1 protein expression, but inhibited (P = 0.014) ERK1 protein expression. There was an interaction (P < 0.03) between the gene silencing and supplemental P level in the osteoblastic P retention rate. The ERK1 silencing decreased (P < 0.05) it regardless of 0.0 or 2.0 mmol/L of added P level, but the reduced degree was greater at 2.0 mmol/L of added P level. It was concluded that either BMP2 or ERK1 silencing suppressed P utilization, and thus either of them participated in regulating P utilization in primary broiler osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Geng
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bingxin Wu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xugang Luo
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Lu YC, Chang TK, Lin TC, Yeh ST, Fang HW, Huang CH, Huang CH. The potential role of herbal extract Wedelolactone for treating particle-induced osteolysis: an in vivo study. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:335. [PMID: 35765082 PMCID: PMC9237967 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteolysis is one of the most prevalent clinical complications affecting people who undergo total joint replacement (TJR). Wedelolactone (WDL) is a coumestan compound derived from the Wedelia chinensis plant and has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the oral administration of WDL as a potential treatment for particle-induced osteolysis using a well-established mice calvarial disease model. Methods Thirty-two C57BL/6 J mice were randomized into four groups: Sham, vehicle, osteolysis group with oral WDL treatment for 4 weeks (WDL 4w), and osteolysis group treated for 8 weeks (WDL 8w). Micro-CT was used to quantitatively analyze the bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and trabecular bone thickness (Tb.Th). Osteoclast numbers were also measured from histological slides by two investigators who were blind to the treatment used. Results The results from micro-CT observation showed that BMD in the WDL 8w group improved significantly over the vehicle group (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between WDL 4w and 8w for BV/TV and Tb.Th. Osteoclast numbers in the WDL 4w group were also lower than the vehicle group (p < 0.05), but the difference between WDL 8w and 4w groups was not significant. Conclusions Particle-induced osteolysis is an inevitable long-term complication after TJR. The results of this animal study indicate that an oral administration of WDL can help reduce the severity of osteolysis without adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chang Lu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Kuo Chang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lin
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting Yeh
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Wei Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiung Huang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Huang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Geriatric Welfare Technology and Science, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Elaborate the Mechanism of Ancient Classic Prescriptions (Erzhi Formula) in Reversing GIOP by Network Pharmacology Coupled with Zebrafish Verification. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7019792. [PMID: 35047047 PMCID: PMC8763506 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7019792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease that endangers human health. At present, chemical drugs used for osteoporosis have serious side effects. Therefore, it is valuable to search herbs with high safety and good curative effect in antiosteoporosis. Erzhi formula (EZF), an ancient classic compound, has been reported to have a beneficial effect in antiosteoporosis, but its mechanism is unclear. In this paper, the active compounds of EZF were found in Systems Pharmacology Database, and gene targets related to osteoporosis were obtained in GeneCards. The GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Metascape. The network of “components-targets-signal pathway” was constructed by Cytoscape. Next, molecular docking between the active components and hub genes related to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was conducted by Autodock. In the verification experiment, the zebrafish induced by prednisolone (PNSL) was used to reproduce glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) model, and then the reversal effects of EZF were systematically evaluated according to the behavior, skull staining area, bone mineralization area (BMA), average optical density (AOD), and cumulative optical density (COD). Finally, it was shown that 24 components in EZF could regulate 39 common gene targets to exert antiosteoporosis effect. Besides, the main regulatory mechanisms of EZF were 4 signaling pathways: PI3K-Akt, JAK-STAT, AGE-RAGE, and cancer pathway. In PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, wedelolactone, dimethyl wedelolactone, specnuezhenide, ursolic acid, acacetin, beta-sitosterol, apigenin, and kaempferol can bind tightly with EGF, IL-2, and IL-4 genes. Compared with the model group, the moving distance, swimming speed, and cumulative swimming time of zebrafish in EZF group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the BMA and COD of zebrafish were significantly improved after the intervention of EZF (P < 0.05). In summary, the 24 components of EZF exert their antiosteoporosis effects by regulating 39 related gene targets, among which the PI3K signaling pathway is crucial. EZF can promote bone formation and reversed GIOP through “multicomponent/multitarget/multipathway” and the medium dose of EZF may be the most suitable concentration for the treatment of GIOP in zebrafish model.
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Xun Y, Zhou P, Yang Y, Li C, Zhang J, Hu H, Qin B, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Lu Y, Wang S. Role of Nox4 in High Calcium-Induced Renal Oxidative Stress Damage and Crystal Deposition. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:15-38. [PMID: 34435888 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aims: We aimed at exploring the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunit 4 (Nox4) in the regulation of hypercalciuria-induced renal oxidative damage and crystal depositions. Results: High calcium activated Nox4 expression through protein kinase C (PKC). Downregulation of Nox4 expression attenuated hypercalciuria-induced osteoblast-associated protein expression, oxidative stress injury, and crystal deposition in rat kidneys of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VitD) urolithiasis model. Further, calcium-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), overexpression of osteoblast-associated protein, oxidative stress injury, apoptosis, and calcium salt deposition in normal rat kidney epithelial-like (NRK-52E) cells were reversed by downregulating Nox4 expression but were enhanced by upregulating Nox4 expression in vitro. Moreover, calcium-induced increases of osteoblast-associated protein expression were attenuated by the c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors. Innovation: Our results demonstrated the effect of Nox4 in the pathological process of kidney stones in in vitro and in vivo studies for the first time. Calcium aggravates renal oxidative stress injury and crystal deposition by activating the Nox4-related reactive oxygen species (ROS)-ERK/JNK pathway in the rat kidney. This study is expected to provide a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones. Conclusion: Nox4-derived ROS induced by calcium through PKC caused oxidative stress damage and apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells; in addition, Nox4-derived ROS induced by calcium mediated abnormal activation of the bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) signaling pathway through the MAPK signaling pathway, which induced renal tubular epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into osteoblast-like cells, resulting in the formation of a kidney stone. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 15-38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xun
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Henglong Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Baolong Qin
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Zongbiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yuchao Lu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Guo Z, Xie M, Zou Y, Liang Q, Liu F, Su J, He Z, Cai X, Chen Z, Zhao Q, Zhao K. Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0006766 targets microRNA miR-4739 to regulate osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5679-5687. [PMID: 34524066 PMCID: PMC8806466 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1967712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in bone metabolism, which is mediated by microRNA (miRNA) sponges. However, it is not clear how circRNA regulates osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs).Therefore, based on the previous circRNA chip results, hsa_circ_0006766, which is differentially expressed in the osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs, was screened out, and bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict potential target miRNAs. During osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs, hsa_circ_0006766 and its target miRNAs (miR-4739, miR-619-5p, miR-5787, miR-7851-3p, and miR-3192-5p) were detected by quantitative Real Time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Target gene prediction for the differentially expressed target miRNAs was performed, and target genes were validated by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and qRT-PCR. It is shown that hsa_circ_0006766 was up-regulated and miR-4739 was down-regulated during osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs.Moreover, the target gene Notch2 was predicted to be highly expressed during osteogenic differentiation. And dual-luciferase assay proved that Notch2 was the gene targeting to miR-4739. Taken together, our finding confirmed that hsa_circ_0006766 may act as a major regulatory part in osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs via an hsa_circ_0006766-miR-4739-Notch2 regulatory axis. Accordingly, hsa_circ_0006766 may affect the development of osteoporosis and may thus become a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Guo
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manlin Xie
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfang Zou
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianxin Liang
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fubin Liu
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Su
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiliang He
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiuping Cai
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixiang Chen
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kewei Zhao
- The Clinical laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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11
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Zhao X, Li X, Liu P, Li P, Xu X, Chen Y, Cheng Y, Zhu D, Fu X. 17β-estradiol promotes angiogenesis through non-genomic activation of Smad1 signaling in endometriosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 142:106932. [PMID: 34763099 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
17β-estradiol (E2) plays a key role in endometriosis through regulation of angiogenesis. Smad1 has been reported to be up-regulated in patients with endometriosis. However, the role of Smad1 in E2-mediated angiogenesis during the development of endometriosis remains to be determined. This study aimed to explore the role of Smad1 in E2-mediated angiogenesis during endometriosis and its underlying mechanisms. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were performed to examine the expression of p-Smad1 in ectopic and control endometrium. Western blotting was used to examine activation of Smad1 signaling in NMECs, EMECs and HUVECs. Tube formation assay was performed to examine the effect of E2 on angiogenesis. Cell proliferation and migration was determined using in real-time by xCELLigence RTCA DP instrument. We found that the expression of p-Smad1 was significantly up-regulated in ectopic endometrium and ectopic intima microvascular endothelial cells. E2 non-genomically stimulated phosphorylation of Smad1 in HUVECs. c-Src and p44/42 MAPK(ERK1/2) signaling pathways are required for E2's induction on Smad1 phosphorylation. Moreover, caveolae is involved in E2-induced Smad1 phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells. E2 promoted tube formation of vascular endothelial cells through c-Src/ERK1/2/Smad1 signaling pathway. Knockdown of Smad1 expression attenuated E2-induced proliferation and migration of HUVECs. In conclusion, E2 promotes proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs through c-Src/ERK1/2/Smad1 signaling pathway. Our data shed new lights on the mechanisms through which E2 contributes to endometriosis, and may provide novel strategies to treat endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Zhao
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Xiaosa Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511518, PR China
| | - Pei Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Ping Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China
| | - Xingyan Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Municipal First People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510180, PR China.
| | - Dongxing Zhu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China.
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, PR China.
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12
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Use of Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology to Analyze the Mechanism of Action of Velvet Antler in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7144529. [PMID: 34671409 PMCID: PMC8523247 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7144529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Deer velvet antlers are the young horns of male deer that are not ossified and densely overgrown. Velvet antler and its preparations have been widely used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in recent years, although its mechanism of action in the human body remains unclear. To screen the effective ingredients and targets of velvet antler in the treatment of PMOP using network pharmacology and to explore the potential mechanisms of velvet antler action in such treatments, we screened the active ingredients and targets of velvet antler in the BATMAN-TCM database. We also screened the relevant targets of PMOP in the GeneCards and OMIM databases and then compared the targets at the intersection of both velvet antler and PMOP. We used Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to construct a network diagram of "disease-drug-components-targets" and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network through the STRING database and screened out the core targets; the R language was then used to analyze the shared targets between antler and PMOP for GO-enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway-annotation analysis. Furthermore, we used the professional software Maestro 11.1 to verify the predictive analysis based on network pharmacology. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and micro-CT were used to observe the changes in trabecular bone tissue, further confirming the results of network pharmacological analysis. The potentially effective components of velvet antler principally include 17β-E2, adenosine triphosphate, and oestrone. These components act on key target genes such as AKT1, IL6, MAPK3, TP53, EGFR, SRC, and TNF and regulate the PI3K/Akt-signaling and MAPK-signaling pathways. These molecules participate in a series of processes such as cellular differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, and inflammation and can ultimately be used to treat PMOP; they reflect the overall regulation, network regulation, and protein interactions.
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13
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Prevention of vascular calcification by the endogenous chromogranin A-derived mediator that inhibits osteogenic transdifferentiation. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:57. [PMID: 34647168 PMCID: PMC8514386 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The adrenal glands participate in cardiovascular (CV) physiology and the pathophysiology of CV diseases through their effects on sodium and water metabolism, vascular tone and cardiac function. In the present study, we identified a new adrenal compound controlling mesenchymal cell differentiation that regulates osteoblastic differentiation in the context of vascular calcification. This peptide was named the “calcification blocking factor” (CBF) due to its protective effect against vascular calcification and is released from chromogranin A via enzymatic cleavage by calpain 1 and kallikrein. CBF reduced the calcium content of cells and thoracic aortic rings under calcifying culture conditions, as well as in aortas from animals treated with vitamin D and nicotine (VDN animals). Furthermore, CBF prevented vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) transdifferentiation into osteoblast-like cells within the vascular wall via the sodium-dependent phosphate transporter PIT-1 and by inhibition of NF-κB activation and the subsequent BMP2/p-SMAD pathway. Pulse pressure, a marker of arterial stiffness, was significantly decreased in VDN animals treated with CBF. In line with our preclinical data, CBF concentration is significantly reduced in diseases characterized by increased calcification, as shown in patients with chronic kidney disease. In preparation for clinical translation, the active site of the native 19-AS long native CBF was identified as EGQEEEED. In conclusion, we have identified the new peptide CBF, which is secreted from the adrenal glands and might prevent vascular calcification by inhibition of osteogenic transdifferentiation. The anti-calcific effects of CBF and short active site may therefore promote the development of new tools for the prevention and/or treatment of vascular calcification.
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14
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Becker V, Hui X, Nalbach L, Ampofo E, Lipp P, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Gu Y. Linalool inhibits the angiogenic activity of endothelial cells by downregulating intracellular ATP levels and activating TRPM8. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:613-630. [PMID: 33655414 PMCID: PMC8292279 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis crucially contributes to various diseases, such as cancer and diabetic retinopathy. Hence, anti-angiogenic therapy is considered as a powerful strategy against these diseases. Previous studies reported that the acyclic monoterpene linalool exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity. However, the effects of linalool on angiogenesis still remain elusive. Therefore, we investigated the action of (3R)-(-)-linalool, a main enantiomer of linalool, on the angiogenic activity of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) by a panel of angiogenesis assays. Non-cytotoxic doses of linalool significantly inhibited HDMEC proliferation, migration, tube formation and spheroid sprouting. Linalool also suppressed the vascular sprouting from rat aortic rings. In addition, Matrigel plugs containing linalool exhibited a significantly reduced microvessel density 7 days after implantation into BALB/c mice. Mechanistic analyses revealed that linalool promotes the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), downregulates the intracellular level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and activates the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M (melastatin) member (TRPM)8 in HDMECs. Inhibition of ERK signaling, supplementation of ATP and blockade of TRPM8 significantly counteracted linalool-suppressed HDMEC spheroid sprouting. Moreover, ATP supplementation completely reversed linalool-induced ERK phosphorylation. In addition, linalool-induced ERK phosphorylation inhibited the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and linalool-induced TRPM8 activation caused the inhibition of β1 integrin/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling. These findings indicate an anti-angiogenic effect of linalool, which is mediated by downregulating intracellular ATP levels and activating TRPM8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Becker
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Xin Hui
- Molecular Cell Biology, Research Center for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Lisa Nalbach
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Peter Lipp
- Molecular Cell Biology, Research Center for Molecular Imaging and Screening, Medical Faculty, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Yuan Gu
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saarland, Germany.
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15
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Shim NY, Heo JS. Performance of the Polydopamine-Graphene Oxide Composite Substrate in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147323. [PMID: 34298943 PMCID: PMC8303500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a biocompatible material considered a favorable stem cell culture substrate. In this study, GO was modified with polydopamine (PDA) to facilitate depositing GO onto a tissue culture polystyrene (PT) surface, and the osteogenic performance of the PDA/GO composite in pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESCs) was investigated. The surface chemistry of the PDA/GO-coated PT surface was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A high cell viability of ESCs cultured on the PDA/GO composite-coated surface was initially ensured. Then, the osteogenic differentiation of the ESCs in response to the PDA/GO substrate was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, intracellular calcium levels, matrix mineralization assay, and evaluation of the mRNA and protein levels of osteogenic factors. The culture of ESCs on the PDA/GO substrate presented higher osteogenic potency than that on the uncoated control surface. ESCs cultured on the PDA/GO substrate expressed significantly higher levels of integrin α5 and β1, as well as bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR) types I and II, compared with the control groups. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38, and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was observed in ESCs culture on the PDA/GO substrate. Moreover, BMP signal transduction by SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation was increased more in cells on PDA/GO than in the control. The nuclear translocation of SMAD1/5/8 in cells was also processed in response to the PDA/GO substrate. Blocking activation of the integrin α5/β1, MAPK, or SMAD signaling pathways downregulated the PDA/GO-induced osteogenic differentiation of ESCs. These results suggest that the PDA/GO composite stimulates the osteogenic differentiation of ESCs via the integrin α5/β1, MAPK, and BMPR/SMAD signaling pathways.
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16
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Tu Y, Yang Y, Li Y, He C. Naturally occurring coumestans from plants, their biological activities and therapeutic effects on human diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105615. [PMID: 33872808 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring coumestans are known as a collection of plant-derived polycyclic aromatic secondary metabolites which are characterized by the presence of an oxygen heterocyclic four-ring system comprising a coumarin moiety and a benzofuran moiety sharing a C˭C bond. Recently, there is an increasing attention in excavating the medicinal potential of coumestans, particularly coumestrol, wedelolactone, psoralidin and glycyrol, in a variety of diseases. This review is a comprehensive inventory of the chemical structures of coumestans isolated from various plant sources during the period of 1956-2020, together with their reported biological activities. 120 molecules were collected and further classified as coumestans containing core skeleton, dimethylpyranocoumestans, furanocoumestans, O-glycosylated coumestans and others, which showed a wide range of pharmacological activities including estrogenic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoporotic, organ protective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity, antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, antioxidant and skin-protective activities. Furthermore, this review focuses on the counteraction of coumestans against bone diseases and organ damages, and the involved molecular mechanisms, which could provide important information to better understand the medicinal values of these compounds. This review is intended to be instructive for the rational design and development of less toxic and more effective drugs with a coumestan scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR 999078, China.
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17
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González-Vázquez A, Raftery RM, Günbay S, Chen G, Murray DJ, O'Brien FJ. Accelerating bone healing in vivo by harnessing the age-altered activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120540. [PMID: 33307368 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) is a key modulator of the enhanced osteogenic potential of stem cells derived from children when compared to those derived from adults. In this study, we formulated a JNK3-activator nanoparticle (JNK3*) that recapitulates the immense osteogenic potential of juvenile cells in adult stem cells by facilitating JNK3 activation. Moreover, we aimed to functionalize a collagen-based scaffold by incorporating the JNK3* in order to develop an advanced platform capable of accelerating bone healing by recruitment of host stem cells. Our data, in vitro and in vivo, demonstrated that the immense osteogenic potential of juvenile cells could be recapitulated in adult stem cells by facilitating JNK3 activation. Moreover, our results revealed that the JNK3* functionalized 3D scaffold induced the fastest bone healing and greatest blood vessel infiltration when implanted in critical-size rat calvarial defects in vivo. JNK3*scaffold fastest bone healing in vivo was associated with its capacity to recruit host stem cells to the site of injury and promote angiogenic-osteogenic coupling (e.g. Vegfa, Tie1, Runx2, Alp and Igf2 upregulation). In summary, this study has demonstrated the potential of harnessing knowledge of age-altered stem cell mechanobiology in order to develop a materials-based functionalization approach for the repair of large tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlyng González-Vázquez
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2 D02 YN77, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Rosanne M Raftery
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2 D02 YN77, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Suzan Günbay
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2 D02 YN77, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, RCSI, Dublin 2 D02 YN77, Ireland
| | - Dylan J Murray
- National Paediatric Craniofacial Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Temple Street, Rotunda, Dublin 1 D01 XD99, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin (TCD), Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland; Advanced Materials Bio-Engineering Research Centre (AMBER), RCSI and TCD, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland; Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Medicine, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin 2 D02 YN77, Ireland.
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18
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Coumarins as Modulators of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1675957. [PMID: 32377290 PMCID: PMC7196981 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1675957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system is a central defensive mechanism against oxidative stress which plays a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. Nrf2 is a redox-sensitive transcription factor controlling a variety of downstream antioxidant and cytodefensive genes. Nrf2 has a powerful anti-inflammatory activity mediated via modulating NF-κB. Therefore, pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment/prevention of several diseases that are underlined by both oxidative stress and inflammation. Coumarins are natural products with promising pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory efficacies. Coumarins are found in many plants, fungi, and bacteria and have been widely used as complementary and alternative medicines. Some coumarins have shown an ability to activate Nrf2 signaling in different cells and animal models. The present review compiles the research findings of seventeen coumarin derivatives of plant origin (imperatorin, visnagin, urolithin B, urolithin A, scopoletin, esculin, esculetin, umbelliferone, fraxetin, fraxin, daphnetin, anomalin, wedelolactone, glycycoumarin, osthole, hydrangenol, and isoimperatorin) as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents, emphasizing the role of Nrf2 activation in their pharmacological activities. Additionally, molecular docking simulations were utilized to investigate the potential binding mode of these coumarins with Keap1 as a strategy to disrupt Keap1/Nrf2 protein-protein interaction and activate Nrf2 signaling.
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19
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Hao Q, Liu Z, Lu L, Zhang L, Zuo L. Both JNK1 and JNK2 Are Indispensable for Sensitized Extracellular Matrix Mineralization in IKKβ-Deficient Osteoblasts. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:13. [PMID: 32117051 PMCID: PMC7028708 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix mineralization is critical for osteogenesis, and its dysregulation could result in osteoporosis and vascular calcification. IKK/NF-κB activation inhibits differentiation of osteoblasts, and reduces extracellular matrix mineralization, however the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 system to permanently inactivate IKKβ in preosteoblast cells and confirmed that such cells displayed dramatic increase in extracellular matrix mineralization associated with JNK phosphorylation. Such observation was also found in our study using IKKβ-deficient primary murine osteoblasts. Interestingly, we found that in Ikbkb-/-Mapk8-/- or Ikbkb-/-Mapk9-/- double knockout cells, the enhanced mineralization caused by IKKβ deficiency was completely abolished, and deletion of either Mapk8 or Mapk9 was sufficient to dampen c-Jun phosphorylation. In further experiments, we discovered that absence of JNK1 or JNK2 on IKKβ-deficient background resulted in highly conserved transcriptomic alteration in response to osteogenic induction. Therefore, identification of the indispensable roles of JNK1 and JNK2 in activating c-Jun and promoting osteoblast differentiation on IKKβ-deficient background provided novel insights into restoring homeostasis in extracellular matrix mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyun Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Liu
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liaoxun Lu
- Laboratory of Mouse Genetics, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Regulators in the Immune System, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Lichen Zhang
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zuo
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Feng L, Zhai YY, Xu J, Yao WF, Cao YD, Cheng FF, Bao BH, Zhang L. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 245:112109. [PMID: 31395303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eclipta prostrata, a traditional herbal medicine, has long been used in Asia and South America for the therapy of hemorrhagic diseases (e.g. hemoptysis, hematemesis, hematuria, epistaxis and uterine bleeding), skin diseases, respiratory disorders, coronary heart disease, hair loss, vitiligo, snake bite and those caused by the deficiency of liver and kidney. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, we highlight relatively comprehensive and up-to-date information of E. prostrata on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity, along with featuring the gaps in current knowledge, aiming to provide references for future research and possible opportunities for well applications of this medicinal plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information on E. prostrata was gathered from scientific databases (Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scifinder, Baidu Scholar, PubMed and CNKI). Information was also obtained from local books, Ph.D. theses and M.Sc. dissertations and Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The plant taxonomy was validated by the database "The Plant List". RESULTS Various phytochemical classes has been identified and isolated from the plant covering triterpenes, flavonoids, thiopenes, coumestans, steroids and others. Among these, coumestans are reported as the most common ingredients. The isolated crude extracts and individual compounds have been reported to exhibit promising pharmacological properties, such as hepatoprotective, osteoprotective, cytotoxic, hypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, hypolipidemic, promoting hair growth, rejuvenative and neuroprotective effects. CONCLUSIONS Until now, significant progress has been witnessed in phytochemistry and pharmacology of E. prostrata. Thus, some traditional uses has been well supported and clarified by modern pharmacological studies. Moreover, E. prostrata also showed therapeutic potential in some refractory diseases such as cancer, dementia and diabetes. But, present findings are still insufficient that cannot satisfactorily explain some mechanisms of action. More well-designed studies in vitro especially in vivo are required to establish links between the traditional uses and bioactivities, discover new skeletons and activity molecules, as well as ensure safety before clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Wei-Feng Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yu-Dan Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Fang-Fang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bei-Hua Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Liu Z, Yang J. Uncarboxylated osteocalcin promotes osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by activating the Erk-Smad/β-catenin signalling pathways. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 38:87-96. [PMID: 31674048 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncarboxylated osteocalcin (unOc) is an osteoblast-derived hormone with multiple regulatory functions. Osteocalcin knockdown delays the maturation of mineral species and downregulates the expression of osteogenic-specific genes in human mesenchymal stromal cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of unOc on the osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and discovered that unOc promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, which was characterized by increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type I collagen (COLI) production, calcified nodule formation, and expression of osteogenic-specific genes including the osterix, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, and COLI genes. Further experiments indicated that unOc promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via activation of the Erk-Smad/β-catenin signalling pathways. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: Osteoporosis is associated with the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In recent years, the role of unOc function as an endocrine hormone has received much attention. In this study, we reported for the first time that unOc promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mouse BMSCs through Erk-Smad/β-catenin signalling pathway. Our results highlight the importance of unOc as a hormone in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, indicating that this hormone may be beneficial in treatments for osteoporosis and fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongsheng Liu
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lee E, Ko JY, Kim J, Park JW, Lee S, Im GI. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are simultaneously enhanced in BMP2-/VEGF-transfected adipose stem cells through activation of the YAP/TAZ signaling pathway. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4588-4602. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01037h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While bone has the capability to heal itself, there is a great difficulty in reconstituting large bone defects created by heavy trauma or the resection of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lee
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering
- Dongguk University
- Goyang 10326
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopaedics
| | - Ji-Yun Ko
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering
- Dongguk University
- Goyang 10326
- Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Kim
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering
- Dongguk University
- Goyang 10326
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Won Park
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering
- Dongguk University
- Goyang 10326
- Republic of Korea
| | - Songhee Lee
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering
- Dongguk University
- Goyang 10326
- Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Il Im
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering
- Dongguk University
- Goyang 10326
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopaedics
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