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Trincado L, Cortés P, Pokrant E, Navarrete MJ, Lapierre L, Maturana M, Flores A, Maddaleno A, Cornejo J. Simultaneous analysis of antimicrobial residues and contaminants in poultry droppings by HPLC-MS/MS: a tool for environmental and food safety monitoring. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39177665 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2393334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Animal waste is a potential pollution hazard as it can harbour contaminants, such as antimicrobial residues, mycotoxins, and pesticides, becoming a risk to the public, animal, and environmental health. To assess this risk, 15 experimental broiler chickens orally received contaminants to evaluate excretion levels. An analytical method was previously developed to detect 18 substances in poultry droppings using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS). Contaminants including tetracycline, 4-epi-tetracycline, oxytetracycline, 4-epi-oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, 4-epi-chlortetracycline, tylosin, erythromycin, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, florfenicol, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfadiazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, zearalenone, alpha- and beta-zearalenol, were extracted with EDTA-McIlvain and acetonitrile. This method showed a p-value < 0.05, RSD < 25%, and R2 > 0.95 in the calibration curves linearity for all analytes. The limit of quantification, selectivity, decision limit for confirmation, matrix effect, precision, and recovery parameters were validated according to European Union document 2021/808/EC, technical report CEN/TR 16059, SANTE/11813/2017 and according to the Veterinary International Conference on Harmonization: VICH GL2 and GL49. This method confirmed the detection of most analytes 12-36 h post-administration and simultaneously detected and quantified mixed contaminants. Thereby, poultry droppings are a potential matrix for spreading contaminants in animal production before slaughter and their control will minimize environmental impacts and mitigate antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Trincado
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Cortés
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ekaterina Pokrant
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Food Safety, Department of Preventive Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María José Navarrete
- Laboratory of Food Safety, Department of Preventive Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Lapierre
- Laboratory of Food Safety, Department of Preventive Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Maturana
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Flores
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aldo Maddaleno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology (FARMAVET), Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Food Safety, Department of Preventive Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Wang W, Dang G, Hao W, Li A, Zhang H, Guan S, Ma T. Dietary Supplementation of Compound Probiotics Improves Intestinal Health by Modulated Microbiota and Its SCFA Products as Alternatives to In-Feed Antibiotics. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10314-3. [PMID: 38904897 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium, and Pediococcus acidilactici, as intestinal probiotics, have been proved to play a positive role in treating intestinal diseases, promoting growth and immune regulation in poultry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of compound probiotics on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiome characteristics, as well as intestinal morphology in broiler chickens. Treatment diets with chlortetracycline and compound probiotics were used for two groups of sixty broilers each throughout the feeding process. Another group was fed the basal diet. The BW (2589.41 ± 13.10 g vs 2422.50 ± 19.08 g) and ADG (60.57 ± 0.31 g vs 56.60 ± 0.45 g) of the compound probiotics added feed treatment group were significantly increased, and the FCR was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The supplementation of a compound probiotics enhanced the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, and norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_vadinBB60_group (P < 0.05), and modulated the cecal microbiota structure, thereby promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and elevating their levels (P < 0.05), particularly propionic and butyric acids. Furthermore, the administration of the compound probiotics supplements significantly enhanced the villi height, V/C ratio, and reduced the crypt depth (P < 0.05). In addition, the activity of digestive enzymes in the duodenum and jejunum was elevated (P < 0.05). Collectively, the selected compound probiotics supplemented in this experiment have demonstrated efficacy, warranting further application in practical production settings as a viable alternative to antibiotics, thereby facilitating efficient production and promoting gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guoqi Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Hao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Health, DSM (China) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Health, DSM (China) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shu Guan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Health, DSM Singapore Industrial Pte. Ltd, Singapore, 117440, Singapore
| | - Teng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Li L, Liu X, Li J, Chen Z, Song T, Jin S, Zhu C, Luo L, Geng B, Zhu J. Mitigating Tetracycline antibiotic contamination in chicken manure using ex situ fermentation system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120614. [PMID: 38513588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Excessive use of tetracycline antibiotics in poultry farming results in significant concentrations of these drugs and tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) in chicken manure, impacting both environmental and human health. Our research represents the first investigation into the removal dynamics of chlortetracycline (CTC) and TRGs in different layers of an ex situ fermentation system (EFS) for chicken waste treatment. By pinpointing and analyzing dominant TRGs-harboring bacteria and their interactions with environmental variables, we've closed an existing knowledge gap. Findings revealed that CTC's degradation half-lives spanned 3.3-5.8 days across different EFS layers, and TRG removal efficiency ranged between 86.82% and 99.52%. Network analysis highlighted Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria's essential roles in TRGs elimination, whereas Chloroflexi broadened the potential TRG hosts in the lower layer. Physical and chemical conditions within the EFS influenced microbial community diversity, subsequently impacting TRGs and integrons. Importantly, our study reports that the middle EFS layer exhibited superior performance in eliminating CTC and key TRGs (tetW, tetG, and tetX) as well as intI2. Our work transcends immediate health and environmental remediation by offering insights that encourage sustainable agriculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xue Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Zhuobo Chen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Tingting Song
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Shan Jin
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Changxiong Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Liangguo Luo
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Bing Geng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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de Fátima NG, Barriga A, Cáceres JC, Pinto E, Cabrera R. Oxidation of chlortetracycline and its isomers by Botrytis aclada laccase in the absence of mediators: pH dependence and identification of transformation products by LC-MS. Biodegradation 2024; 35:155-171. [PMID: 37428416 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-023-10046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetracyclines are antibiotics considered emerging pollutants and currently, wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove them efficiently. Laccases are promising enzymes for bioremediation because they can oxidize a wide variety of substrates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Botrytis aclada laccase for the oxidation of chlortetracycline and its isomers in the absence of a mediator molecule, at a pH range between 3.0 to 7.0, and to characterize the transformation products by LC-MS. Chlortetracycline and three isomers were detected in both, controls and reaction mixtures at 0 h and in controls after 48 h of incubation but in different proportions depending on pH. An additional isomer was also detected, but only in the presence of BaLac. Based on the transformation products identified in the enzymatic reactions and information from literature, we assembled a network of transformation pathways starting from chlortetracycline and its isomers. The spectrometric analysis of the products indicated the probable occurrence of oxygen insertion, dehydrogenation, demethylation and deamination reactions. Four new products were identified, and we also described a novel transformation product without the chloro group. We observed that increasing pH led to higher diversity of main products. This is the first study using the laccase from fungi Botrytis aclada to oxidate chlortetracycline and its isomers and it can be considered as an ecological alternative to be used in bioremediation processes such as wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Gavilán de Fátima
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Unidad de Espectrometría de Masas-CEPEDEQ, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Barriga
- Unidad de Espectrometría de Masas-CEPEDEQ, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santos Dumont 964, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Ernani Pinto
- Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile.
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Astudillo D, Pokrant E, Bravo C, Ríos A, Navarrete MJ, Maddaleno A, Maturana M, Flores A, Guzmán M, Hidalgo H, Zayas C, Lapierre L, Cornejo J. Detection of antimicrobial residues in animal manure by a microbiological screening methodology: A non-invasive tool in animal production. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Prevalence, Tetracycline Resistance and Tet(O) Gene Identification in Pathogenic Campylobacter Strains Isolated from Chickens in Retail Markets of Lima, Peru. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11111580. [PMID: 36358237 PMCID: PMC9686565 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence, tetracycline resistance and presence of Tet(O) in Campylobacter strains isolated from chicken in markets of Lima, Peru. Methods: A total of 250 chicken samples were obtained from traditional markets (skin, n = 120) and supermarkets (meat, n = 130). Samples were subjected to microbiological assays for identification of Campylobacter spp. according to ISO 10272-2017, and the isolates were then submitted to species identification by PCR. Phenotypic resistance to tetracyclines was assessed by the Kirby−Bauer test, and the presence of the Tet(O) gene was determined by PCR. Results: A significantly higher prevalence (p < 0.0001) of Campylobacter coli in skin samples from traditional markets (97.5%) than in meat samples from supermarkets (36.2%) was observed. On the other hand, Campylobacter jejuni was confirmed only in 3.1% of meat samples. All Campylobacter species isolated from skin and meat samples were phenotypically resistant to tetracyclines; however, the presence of the Tet(O) gene in C. coli was identified in 76.9% and 66.0% of skin and meat samples, no significant statistical difference (p = 0.1488) was found between these prevalence. All C. jejuni isolated from chicken meat samples from supermarkets were positive for Tet(O) gene. Conclusions: This study confirms the high prevalence of C. coli isolated from chicken sold in traditional markets and supermarkets in Lima, Peru, and in more than 70% of these strains, phenotypic resistance to tetracyclines could be linked with expression of the Tet(O) gene. It is necessary to evaluate other genes involved in resistance to tetracyclines and other groups of antibiotics in campylobacter strains isolated from chicken meat.
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Moyo B, Tavengwa NT. Critical review of solid phase extraction for multiresidue clean-up and pre-concentration of antibiotics from livestock and poultry manure. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 39:229-241. [PMID: 34732110 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1989497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The release of antibiotics into the environment from agricultural industries has received tremendous attention in recent years. Nonpoint source contamination of the terrestrial environment by these compounds can result from fertilisation of agricultural soils with manure. The presence of antibiotics and their metabolites in manure may pose a threat to agro-ecosystems. This may result in the emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria in humans through the food chain and this is a major concern globally at the moment. Therefore, monitoring of manure for antibiotic residues is of vital importance in order to assess the risks of environmental pollution to human health by these drugs. Several sample pre-treatment techniques have been developed for the extraction of antibiotic residues from complex matrices including manure over the years. Despite new developments in recent years in separation science where the common trend is miniaturisation and green approaches, solid-phase extraction is still the most widely used technique in the extraction of antibiotics from agricultural wastes such as manure. In view of this, the aim of this review was to give a critical overview of studies that have been conducted in the past 6 years on the extraction of antibiotic residues from manure employing solid-phase extraction based on Oasis HLB and Strata-X. Adsorption mechanisms of these sorbents were also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babra Moyo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa.,Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Nikita T Tavengwa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
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Pokrant E, Trincado L, Yévenes K, Terraza G, Maddaleno A, Martín BS, Zavala S, Hidalgo H, Lapierre L, Cornejo J. Determination of five antimicrobial families in droppings of therapeutically treated broiler chicken by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101313. [PMID: 34298383 PMCID: PMC8322472 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials are currently used in poultry for disease treatment. However, their excretion in bird feces may contaminate the environment. Considering this, the objective of this work was to quantify antimicrobials residues concentrations in therapeutically treated broiler chicken droppings throughout the post-treatment period. For this aim a multiresidue method using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was validated. Forty-eight male broiler chickens were distributed and treated with commercial formulations of 5 different antimicrobials. Results showed that oxytetracycline and 4-epi-oxytetracycline, presented the highest concentrations during all sampling period, detecting concentrations of 1471.41 µg kg−1 at the last sampling point (day 22 post-treatment). Florfenicol, tylosin, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were eliminated and detected in treated chicken droppings until d 18 post-treatment. Sulfachloropyridazine decrease gradually during post-treatment period until day 30. Results demonstrate that studied antimicrobials in treated chicken droppings were eliminated for prolonged periods, therefore becoming a significant route of residues dissemination into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pokrant
- Food Safety Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Doctorate Program of Forestry, Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences (DCSAV), University of Chile, Av Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago CP 8820808, Chile
| | - Lina Trincado
- Food Safety Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Doctorate Program of Forestry, Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences (DCSAV), University of Chile, Av Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago CP 8820808, Chile
| | - Karina Yévenes
- Food Safety Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Doctorate Program of Forestry, Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences (DCSAV), University of Chile, Av Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago CP 8820808, Chile
| | - Gigliola Terraza
- Food Safety Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Aldo Maddaleno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Doctorate Program of Forestry, Agriculture, and Veterinary Sciences (DCSAV), University of Chile, Av Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago CP 8820808, Chile
| | - Betty San Martín
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Zavala
- Aquaculture Genomics Lab, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Héctor Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Avian Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Lapierre
- Food Safety Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Food Safety Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Detection of Antimicrobial Residues in Poultry Litter: Monitoring a Risk through a Selective and Sensitive HPLC-MS/MS Method. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051399. [PMID: 34069030 PMCID: PMC8156041 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary After administration of antimicrobials, poultry excrete significant concentrations of antimicrobials through their droppings, which accumulate in the litter where poultry are housed. Poultry litter, which consists mainly of wood shavings, feathers, and droppings, is widely used as an agricultural fertilizer worldwide. The period that antimicrobials persist in agricultural soils could present various environmental and public health concerns. Thus, in this research, a method to identify different families of antimicrobials in poultry litter was developed. Results show that HPLC–MS/MS can reliably detect nine different compounds from three families of antimicrobials. This method was used to identify antimicrobials from commercial poultry flocks, providing a valuable and specific tool to monitor these residues in poultry litter prior to its use as an agricultural fertilizer. Abstract Tetracyclines, sulphonamides, and quinolones are families of antimicrobials (AMs) widely used in the poultry industry and can excrete up to 90% of AMs administrated, which accumulate in poultry litter. Worryingly, poultry litter is widely used as an agriculture fertilizer, contributing to the spread AMs residues in the environment. The aim of this research was to develop a method that could simultaneously identify and quantify three AMs families in poultry litter by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Samples of AMs free poultry litter were used to validate the method according to 657/2002/EC and VICH GL49. Results indicate that limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 8.95 to 20.86 μg kg−1, while limits of quantitation (LOQ) values were between 26.85 and 62.58 µg kg−1 of tetracycline, 4-epi-tetracycline, oxytetracycline, 4-epi-oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, sulfachloropyridazine, and sulfadiazine. Recoveries obtained ranged from 93 to 108%. The analysis of field samples obtained from seven commercial poultry flocks confirmed the adequacy of the method since it detected means concentrations ranging from 20 to 10,364 μg kg−1. This provides us an accurate and reliable tool to monitor AMs residues in poultry litter and control its use as agricultural fertilizer.
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Evaluation of Antibiotic Dissemination into the Environment and Untreated Animals, by Analysis of Oxytetracycline in Poultry Droppings and Litter. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030853. [PMID: 33802994 PMCID: PMC8002629 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an antibiotic used mainly in feed and drinking water. OTC is poorly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract of poultry; making droppings a potential route of dissemination of this antibiotic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dissemination of oxytetracycline excreted from treated birds to the environment and other untreated animals (sentinels), through the analysis of their droppings and litter by HPLC-MS/MS following the end of treatment. In treated bird droppings, the average concentration of OTC+4-epi-OTC ranged from 347.63 to 2244.66 µg kg−1. OTC+4-epi-OTC in litter reached concentrations of 22,741.68 µg kg−1. Traces of OTC+4-epi-OTC were detected in the droppings and litter from sentinels. Therefore, OTC+4-epi-OTC can persist in the litter of treated animals at high concentrations and can be transferred to untreated birds that share the same environment. This exposure has the potential to increase the likelihood of selection of resistant bacteria in the environment. Abstract Oxytetracycline (OTC) is widely used in broiler chickens. During and after treatment a fraction of OTC is excreted in its original form and as its epimer, 4-epi-OTC in droppings. To address the transfer of OTC into the environment, we evaluated the dissemination of OTC and 4-epi-OTC from treated birds to the environment and sentinels, through the simultaneous analysis of broiler droppings and litter. Male broiler chickens were bred in controlled conditions. One group was treated by orogastric tube with 80 mg kg−1 of OTC and two groups received no treatment (sentinels). OTC+4-epi-OTC were analyzed and detected by a HPLC-MS/MS post the end of treatment. The highest concentrations of OTC+4-epi-OTC were detected in the droppings of treated birds 14-days following the end of treatment (2244.66 µg kg−1), and one day following the end of treatment in the litter (22,741.68 µg kg−1). Traces of OTC+4-epi-OTC were detected in the sentinels’ droppings and litter (<12.2 µg kg−1). OTC+4-epi-OTC can be transferred from treated birds to the environment and to other untreated birds. The presence and persistence of OTC+4-epi-OTC in litter could contribute to the selection of resistant bacteria in the environment, increasing the potential hazard to public and animal health.
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Kumar H, Bhardwaj K, Kaur T, Nepovimova E, Kuča K, Kumar V, Bhatia SK, Dhanjal DS, Chopra C, Singh R, Guleria S, Bhalla TC, Verma R, Kumar D. Detection of Bacterial Pathogens and Antibiotic Residues in Chicken Meat: A Review. Foods 2020; 9:E1504. [PMID: 33092226 PMCID: PMC7588929 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of pathogenic microbes as well as antibiotic residues in food animals, especially in chicken, has become a matter of food security worldwide. The association of various pathogenic bacteria in different diseases and selective pressure induced by accumulated antibiotic residue to develop antibiotic resistance is also emerging as the threat to human health. These challenges have made the containment of pathogenic bacteria and early detection of antibiotic residue highly crucial for robust and precise detection. However, the traditional culture-based approaches are well-comprehended for identifying microbes. Nevertheless, because they are inadequate, time-consuming and laborious, these conventional methods are not predominantly used. Therefore, it has become essential to explore alternatives for the easy and robust detection of pathogenic microbes and antibiotic residue in the food source. Presently, different monitoring, as well as detection techniques like PCR-based, assay (nucleic acid)-based, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA)-based, aptamer-based, biosensor-based, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry-based and electronic nose-based methods, have been developed for detecting the presence of bacterial contaminants and antibiotic residues. The current review intends to summarize the different techniques and underline the potential of every method used for the detection of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic residue in chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India;
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Talwinder Kaur
- Department of Agriculture, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Sri Anandpur Sahib, Punjab 140117, India;
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove,50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove,50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK;
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; (D.S.D.); (C.C.); (R.S.)
| | - Shivani Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology, TIFAC-Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Agro and Industrial Biotechnology (CORE), Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147001, India;
| | - Tek Chand Bhalla
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, India;
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India; (K.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering & Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and ManagementSciences, Solan 173229, India;
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12
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Heaney M, Mahoney MV, Gallagher JC. Eravacycline: The Tetracyclines Strike Back. Ann Pharmacother 2019; 53:1124-1135. [DOI: 10.1177/1060028019850173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, and place in therapy of eravacycline, a novel fluorocycline antibiotic from the tetracycline family. Data Sources: A PubMed search was conducted for data between 1946 and March 2019 using MeSH terms eravacycline and TP-434. An internet search was conducted for unpublished clinical research. Study Selection and Data Extraction: The literature search was limited to English-language studies that described clinical efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics in humans and animals. Abstracts featuring prepublished data were also evaluated for inclusion. Data Synthesis: Eravacycline has in vitro activity against multidrug-resistant organisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and Acinetobacter. It was approved for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) in adults following favorable results of 2 phase III trials, IGNITE 1 and IGNITE 4, compared with ertapenem and meropenem, respectively. The most common adverse drug events associated with eravacycline were infusion site reactions (7.7%), nausea (6.5%), vomiting (3.7%), and diarrhea (2.3%). Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Eravacycline will likely be most useful for resistant infections when lack of tolerability, resistant phenotypes, or allergies prevent the use of β-lactams. Conclusions: Eravacycline is a new tetracycline antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity that has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of cIAIs. Although it has activity against multidrug-resistant organisms, data are limited for other indications.
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13
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Liu K, Sun M, Ye M, Chao H, Zhao Y, Xia B, Jiao W, Feng Y, Zheng X, Liu M, Jiao J, Hu F. Coexistence and association between heavy metals, tetracycline and corresponding resistance genes in vermicomposts originating from different substrates. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:28-37. [PMID: 30321709 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Coexistence of antibiotics/heavy metals and the overexpression of resistance genes in the vermicompost has become an emerging environmental issue. Little is known about the interaction and correlation between chemical pollutants and biological macromolecular compounds. In this study, three typical vermicompost samples were selected from the Yangtze River Delta region in China to investigate the antibiotic, heavy metal and corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and heavy metal resistance genes (HRGs). The results indicated the prevalence of tetracycline (TC), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), corresponding TC-resistance genes (tetA, tetC, tetW, tetM, tetO, and tetS) and HRGs (copA, pcoA, cusA, czcA, czcB, and czcR) in the three vermicompost samples. In addition, the ARG level was positively associated with the water-soluble TC fraction in the vermicompost, and it was same between the HRG abundance and exchangeable heavy metal content (p < 0.05). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between ARG and HRG abundance in the vermicompost samples, suggesting a close regulation mechanism involving the expression of both genes. The result obtained here could provide new insight into the controlling risk of heavy metals, TC, and relevant resistance genes mixed contamination in the vermicompost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Liu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Mao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huizhen Chao
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuanchao Zhao
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Anhui Academy of Environmental Science Research, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wentao Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 00085, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zheng
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Manqiang Liu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiaguo Jiao
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Soil Ecology Lab, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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14
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Yévenes K, Pokrant E, Pérez F, Riquelme R, Avello C, Maddaleno A, San Martín B, Cornejo J. Assessment of Three Antimicrobial Residue Concentrations in Broiler Chicken Droppings as a Potential Risk Factor for Public Health and Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 16:E24. [PMID: 30583470 PMCID: PMC6339060 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tetracyclines, sulfonamides and amphenicols are broad spectrum antimicrobial drugs that are widely used in poultry farming. However, a high proportion of these drugs can be excreted at high concentrations in droppings, even after the end of a therapy course. This work intended to assess and compare concentrations of florfenicol (FF), florfenicol amine (FFa), chlortetracycline (CTC), 4-epi-chlortetracycline (4-epi-CTC), and sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) in broiler chicken droppings. To this end, 70 chickens were housed under controlled environmental conditions, and assigned to experimental groups that were treated with therapeutic doses of either 10% FF, 20% CTC, or 10% SCP. Consequently, we implemented and designed an in-house validation for three analytical methodologies, which allowed us to quantify the concentrations of these three antimicrobial drugs using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Our results showed that FF and FFa concentrations were detected in chicken droppings up to day 10 after ceasing treatment, while CTC and 4-epi-CTC were detected up to day 25. As for SCP residues, these were detected up to day 21. Noticeably, CTC showed the longest excretion period, as well as the highest concentrations detected after the end of its administration using therapeutic doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Yévenes
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Ekaterina Pokrant
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Fernando Pérez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Ricardo Riquelme
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Constanza Avello
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Aldo Maddaleno
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Betty San Martín
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Av. Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11735, Chile.
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