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Liu T, Zhang R, Jiang L, Zhou L, Zhang H, Liang F, Xiong P, Chen H, Wen T, Shen X, Xie C, Tian L. The potential application and molecular mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155663. [PMID: 38759345 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a non-infectious chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa mainly mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) in atopic individuals after exposure to allergens. The application of AR guideline-recommended pharmacotherapies can rapidly relieve symptoms of AR but with poor long-term efficacy, and many of these therapies have side effects. Many natural products and their derivatives have shown potential therapeutic effects on AR with fewer side effects. OBJECTIVES This review aims to expand understanding of the roles and mechanisms of natural compounds in the treatment of AR and to highlight the importance of utilizing natural products in the treatment of AR. MATERIAL AND METHOD We conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Clinical Trials. The search was performed using keywords including natural products, natural compounds, bioproducts, plant extracts, naturally derived products, natural resources, allergic rhinitis, hay fever, pollinosis, nasal allergy. Comprehensive research and compilation of existing literature were conducted. RESULTS This article provided a comprehensive review of the potential therapeutic effects and mechanisms of natural compounds in the treatment of AR. We emphasized that natural products primarily exert their effects by modulating signalling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPKs, STAT3/ROR-γt/Foxp3, and GATA3/T-bet, thereby inhibiting the activation and expansion of allergic inflammation. We also discussed their toxicity and clinical applications in AR therapy. CONCLUSION Taken together, natural products exhibit great potential in the treatment of AR. This review is also expected to facilitate the application of natural products as candidates for treating AR. Furthermore, drug discovery based on natural products has a promising prospect in AR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Luyun Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Fangqi Liang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China
| | - Peizheng Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Hongqing Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Tian Wen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China.
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China; TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China.
| | - Li Tian
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610032, China.
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Ruan Y, Xie L. Associations of MEFV gene variants, IL-33, and sST2 with the risk of Henoch-Schönlein purpura in children. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29469. [PMID: 38655333 PMCID: PMC11036003 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common systemic vasculitis in children. HSP is a multifactorial inflammatory disease, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. The pathogenicity of familial Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) variants in HSP remains controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate relationships between MEFV variants and susceptibility to HSP and their associations with clinical outcomes. We also investigated levels of IL-33 and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) in children with HSP and their clinical significance. Methods We selected 100 children with HSP as the case group. The control group consisted of 50 children who visited the hospital for physical health examinations. All subjects were screened for MEFV gene exon mutations, and levels of IL-33 and sST2 were measured. Results The frequency of MEFV variants was significantly greater in HSP patients than in healthy controls. The variant with the highest frequency was E148Q. The frequency of the C allele of the MEFV variant E148Q was 32 % in HSP patients and 18 % in controls (P-adjust = 0.04). Patients with the MEFV E148Q variant had more frequent joint involvement and recurrent purpura and higher levels of IL-33 and C-reactive protein (CRP). Levels of IL-33 and sST2 in children with HSP were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the sST2/IL-33 ratio in children with HSP was unbalanced (P-adjust <0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed the presence of E148Q and an unbalanced sST2/IL-33 ratio to be independent risk factors for HSP. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the MEFV variant E148Q is associated with HSP susceptibility in Chinese children and that carriers of the variant may have more severe clinical manifestations and greater inflammatory responses. E148Q and the sST2/IL-33 ratio may play important roles in the pathogenesis of HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ruan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Children's Hospital Of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan Children’s Hospital) , Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Longlong Xie
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, The Affiliated Children's Hospital Of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University(Hunan Children’s Hospital) , Changsha, 410007, China
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Mansouri L, Kalm F, Björkander S, Melén E, Lundahl J, Nopp A. Sequential engagement of adhesion molecules and cytokine receptors impacts both piecemeal and anaphylactic degranulation of human basophils. Immunology 2024; 171:609-617. [PMID: 38226657 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Basophils are rare granulocytes in circulation which home to tissues in a process depending on rolling, adhesion and cytokine exposure. However, it is still unclear how these steps affect basophil degranulation. Our aim was to imitate these processes associated with homing by sequential crosslinking of adhesion molecules and cytokine exposure and evaluate the effect on basophil piecemeal (PMD) and anaphylactic degranulation (AND). Blood donors with or without allergic asthma were recruited from an ongoing cohort study. Basophils were subjected to CD62L-, CD49d- or CD11b crosslinking and IL-3 or IL-33 stimulation in different orders followed by anti-IgE and fMLP stimulation. Basophil CD203c and CD63 expression were analysed by flow cytometry to determine PMD and AND, respectively. IL-3 induced PMD in basophils and combined with CD62L- or CD11b crosslinking, IL-3 potentiated the degranulation regardless of sequential order. IL-3 priming followed by adhesion molecule crosslinking induced AND and potentiated the effect of anti-IgE. CD62L- and CD11b crosslinking did not further potentiate this effect. CD49d crosslinking followed by IL-3 increased CD63 expression following anti-IgE. IL-3 potentiated the effect of fMLP on AND while adhesion molecule crosslinking did not. IL-33 had impact on PMD only when followed by adhesion molecule crosslinking but did not potentiate neither IgE-dependent nor IgE-independent degranulation. Our data indicate that sequential interactions between basophils, cytokines and adhesion molecule ligands have a decisive effect on basophil degranulation and that these interactions are operational for fine-tuning the activity of tissue dwelling basophils. These data should be considered when the effect of different pharmaceutical on basophil function is studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frida Kalm
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Björkander
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joachim Lundahl
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Nopp
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachs´ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhang JJ, He XC, Zhou M, Liu QD, Xu WZ, Yan YJ, Ruan Y. Xiao-qing-long-tang ameliorates OVA-induced allergic rhinitis by inhibiting ILC2s through the IL-33/ST2 and JAK/STAT pathways. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155012. [PMID: 37586158 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa that is mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE). Xiao-qing-long-tang (XQLT) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound that is widely used to treat respiratory diseases such as AR. However, the underlying mechanism of the effect of XQLT on AR remains unclear. PURPOSE To elucidate the effect of XQLT on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AR and the mechanisms of action. METHODS The therapeutic efficacy of XQLT was evaluated in a well-established OVA-induced AR mouse model. Nasal symptoms were analyzed, type 2 cytokines and OVA-sIgE levels were measured, nasal mucosa tissues were collected for histological analysis, and the changes of Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and the IL-33/ST2 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in the nasal mucosa were observed. RESULTS XQLT significantly alleviated the nasal symptoms and histological damage to the nasal mucosa in AR mice, and reduced the levels of type 2 cytokines and OVA-sIgE. In addition, after XQLT treatment, the numbers of ILC2s in the nasal mucosa of AR mice were reduced, and the mRNA levels of the transcription factors GATA3 and ROR-α were decreased. Moreover, IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway was inhibited. The costimulatory cytokine associated JAK/STAT signaling pathway was also inhibited in ILC2s. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that XQLT regulated ILC2s through the IL-33/ST2 and JAK/STAT pathways to ameliorate type 2 inflammation in OVA-induced AR. These findings suggest that XQLT might be used to treat AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jun Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the Second People's Hospital of Foshan, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, 528099, China
| | - Xue-Cheng He
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Qin-Dong Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Ya-Jie Yan
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Yan Ruan
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Guangdong Clinical Research Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
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Tsai ML, Hsu SH, Wang LT, Liao WT, Lin YC, Kuo CH, Hsu YL, Feng MC, Kuo FC, Hung CH. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate mediates IL-33 production via aryl hydrocarbon receptor and is associated with childhood allergy development. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1193647. [PMID: 37545493 PMCID: PMC10401841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1193647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies assess cord blood biomarkers to predict prenatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on the development of allergic diseases later in childhood. IL-33 has been indicated to play an important role in allergic diseases. We evaluated the association of prenatal DEHP exposure and IL-33 in cord blood on the development of allergic diseases. We also investigated the mechanism of DEHP in human lung epithelial cells and asthma animal models. Methods 66 pregnant women were recruited, and their children followed when they were aged 3 years. Maternal urinary DEHP metabolites were determined using liquid chromatography-electrospray-ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The effect of DEHP on IL-33 production was investigated in human lung epithelial cells and club cell-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) deficiency mice. ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively, measured the IL-33 cytokine concentration and mRNA expression. Results The concentrations of maternal urinary DEHP metabolites and serum IL-33 in cord blood with childhood allergy were significantly higher than those in the non-childhood allergy group. DEHP and MEHP could induce IL-33 production and reverse by AhR antagonist and flavonoids in vitro. Enhanced ovalbumin-induced IL-4 and IL-33 production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by DEHP exposure and suppressed in club cell-specific AhR null mice. Kaempferol has significantly reversed the DEHP effect in the asthma animal model. Conclusions Cord blood IL-33 level was correlated to childhood allergy and associated with maternal DEHP exposure. IL-33 might be a potential target to assess the development of DEHP-related childhood allergic disease. Flavonoids might be the natural antidotes for DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lan Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program of Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hung Kuo
- Ta-Kuo Clinic, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Feng
- Department of Superintendent, High Commissioner, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Kuo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Son K, Miyasaki K, Salter B, Loukov D, Chon J, Zhao N, Radford K, Huang C, LaVigne N, Dvorkin-Gheva A, Lacy P, Ho T, Bowdish DME, Nair P, Mukherjee M. Autoantibody-mediated Macrophage Dysfunction in Patients with Severe Asthma with Airway Infections. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:427-437. [PMID: 36287613 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202206-1183oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Localized autoimmune responses have been reported in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma, characterized by eosinophil degranulation and airway infections. Objective: To determine the presence of autoantibodies against macrophage scavenger receptors within the airways and their effects on macrophage function and susceptibility to infection. Methods: Anti-EPX (eosinophil peroxidase), anti-MARCO (macrophage receptor with collagenous structure) IgG titers, and T1 and T2 (type 1/2) cytokines were measured in 221 sputa from 143 well-characterized patients with severe asthma. Peripheral monocytes and MDMs (monocyte-derived macrophages) isolated from healthy control subjects were treated with immunoprecipitated immunoglobulins from sputa with high anti-MARCO titers or nonspecific IgG to assess uptake of Streptococcus pneumoniae or response to the bacterial product LPS. Measurements and Main Results: Anti-MARCO IgG was detected in 36% of patients, with significantly higher titers (up to 1:16) in patients with mixed granulocytic sputa, indicative of airway infections. Multivariate regression analysis confirmed increased frequency of degranulation (free eosinophil granules), increased blood eosinophils (indicative of high T2 burden), increased sputum total cell count, peripheral blood leukocytes (indicative of infection), and lymphopenia were associated with increased anti-MARCO IgG titers; IL-15 (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; confidence interval [CI], 1.19-2.70), IL-13 (OR, 1.06; CI, 1.02-1.12), and IL-12p70 (OR, 3.34; CI, 1.32-8.40) were the associated cytokines. Patients with anti-MARCO antibodies had higher chances of subsequent infective versus eosinophilic exacerbations (P = 0.01). MDMs treated with immunoprecipitated immunoglobulins (anti-MARCO+ sputa) had reduced bacterial uptake by 39% ± 15% and significantly reduced release of IL-10 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (P < 0.05) in response to an LPS stimulus. Conclusions: Autoantibodies against macrophage scavenger receptors in eosinophilic asthma airways may impede effective host defenses and lead to recurrent infective bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiho Son
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate Miyasaki
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brittany Salter
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dessi Loukov
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Joseph Chon
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katherine Radford
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chynna Huang
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicola LaVigne
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Dvorkin-Gheva
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Paige Lacy
- Alberta Respiratory Centre, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Terence Ho
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawn M E Bowdish
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Manali Mukherjee
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Firestone Institute of Respiratory Health, The Research Institute of St. Joes, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
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Allegra A, Murdaca G, Gammeri L, Ettari R, Gangemi S. Alarmins and MicroRNAs, a New Axis in the Genesis of Respiratory Diseases: Possible Therapeutic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021783. [PMID: 36675299 PMCID: PMC9861898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well ascertained that airway inflammation has a key role in the genesis of numerous respiratory pathologies, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pulmonary tissue inflammation and anti-inflammatory responses implicate an intricate relationship between local and infiltrating immune cells and structural pulmonary cells. Alarmins are endogenic proteins discharged after cell injury in the extracellular microenvironment. The purpose of our review is to highlight the alterations in respiratory diseases involving some alarmins, such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interleukin (IL)-33, and their inter-relationships and relationships with genetic non-coding material, such as microRNAs. The role played by these alarmins in some pathophysiological processes confirms the existence of an axis composed of HMGB1 and IL-33. These alarmins have been implicated in ferroptosis, the onset of type 2 inflammation and airway alterations. Moreover, both factors can act on non-coding genetic material capable of modifying respiratory function. Finally, we present an outline of alarmins and RNA-based therapeutics that have been proposed to treat respiratory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Murdaca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Gammeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Ettari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit and School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Resolution Potential of Necrotic Cell Death Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010016. [PMID: 36613458 PMCID: PMC9819908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During tissue damage caused by infection or sterile inflammation, not only damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also resolution-associated molecular patterns (RAMPs) can be activated. These dying cell-associated factors stimulate immune cells localized in the tissue environment and induce the production of inflammatory mediators or specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs). Within the current prospect of science, apoptotic cell death is considered the main initiator of resolution. However, more RAMPs are likely to be released during necrotic cell death than during apoptosis, similar to what has been observed for DAMPs. The inflammatory potential of many regulated forms of necrotic cell death modalities, such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, netosis, and parthanatos, have been widely studied in necroinflammation, but their possible role in resolution is less considered. In this review, we aim to summarize the relationship between necrotic cell death and resolution, as well as present the current available data regarding the involvement of certain forms of regulated necrotic cell death in necroresolution.
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Maurer M, Cheung DS, Theess W, Yang X, Dolton M, Guttman A, Choy DF, Dash A, Grimbaldeston MA, Soong W. Phase 2 randomized clinical trial of astegolimab in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1517-1524. [PMID: 36041655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The binding of IL-33 to its receptor ST2 (alias of IL1RL1) leads to the release of inflammatory mediators and may play a role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Astegolimab is a fully human, IgG2 mAb that binds to ST2 and inhibits IL-33 signaling. OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of astegolimab in patients with atopic dermatitis. METHODS This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study in which adults with chronic atopic dermatitis were randomized 1:1 to receive astegolimab 490 mg every 4 weeks or placebo, for 16 weeks. The primary outcome was the percentage of change from baseline to week 16 of the Eczema Area and Severity Index score. RESULTS A total of 65 patients were enrolled in the study (placebo, n = 32; astegolimab, n = 33). The adjusted mean percentage of change from baseline to week 16 in the Eczema Area and Severity Index score was -51.47% for astegolimab compared with -58.24% for placebo, with a nonsignificant treatment difference of 6.77% (95% CI: -16.57-30.11; P = .5624). No differences were observed between treatment groups for secondary efficacy outcomes and in exploratory biomarkers (blood eosinophils, serum IL-5, serum CCL13). With the use of loading dose, pharmacokinetic exposure was sufficient from week 1. Astegolimab was well-tolerated, with a safety profile consistent with that observed in previous clinical trials. CONCLUSIONS In patients with atopic dermatitis, astegolimab did not show a significant difference compared to placebo for the primary or secondary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Maurer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ajit Dash
- Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif
| | | | - Weily Soong
- Alabama Allergy and Asthma Center and Clinical Research Center of Alabama, Birmingham, Ala
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10
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Lorentz A, Bilotta S, Civelek M. Molecular links between allergy and cancer. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:1070-1081. [PMID: 35794030 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies show both positive and negative associations between allergies and cancer. Allergic diseases may protect against tumorigenesis by promoting the immune surveillance, while carcinogenesis may be promoted through inflammatory responses from allergies. Histamine receptor antagonists are the focus of recent cancer studies because of their promising beneficial effect on tumor development. Also, cytokines, particularly IL-4 or IL-33, IgE as well as allergy-related immune cells such as eosinophils can contribute to tumor growth suppression. Depending on cancer types, cancer therapy may be more beneficial when considering combinatorial immunotherapy. In this review, we give an overview on molecular links between allergies and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Lorentz
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Sabrina Bilotta
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mehtap Civelek
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Li Z, Ren J, Zhang J, Wang X, Liu Y, Wang Q. Association between
IL1RL1
gene polymorphisms and allergic rhinitis risk in the Chinese Han population. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24747. [DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Shenmu Hospital, The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University Shenmu China
| | - Jiajia Ren
- Department of Science and Education Shenmu Hospital, The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University Shenmu China
| | - Jirong Zhang
- Department of Radiology Shenmu Hospital, The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University Shenmu China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Health Management Shenmu Hospital, The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University Shenmu China
| | - Yonglin Liu
- Department of Science and Education Shenmu Hospital, The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University Shenmu China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Director of Hospital, Shenmu Hospital The Affiliated Shenmu Hospital of Northwest University Shenmu China
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12
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Haddad EB, Cyr SL, Arima K, McDonald RA, Levit NA, Nestle FO. Current and Emerging Strategies to Inhibit Type 2 Inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2022; 12:1501-1533. [PMID: 35596901 PMCID: PMC9276864 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-022-00737-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 immunity evolved to combat helminth infections by orchestrating a combined protective response of innate and adaptive immune cells and promotion of parasitic worm destruction or expulsion, wound repair, and barrier function. Aberrant type 2 immune responses are associated with allergic conditions characterized by chronic tissue inflammation, including atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma. Signature cytokines of type 2 immunity include interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-31, mainly secreted from immune cells, as well as IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin, mainly secreted from tissue cells, particularly epithelial cells. IL-4 and IL-13 are key players mediating the prototypical type 2 response; IL-4 initiates and promotes differentiation and proliferation of naïve T-helper (Th) cells toward a Th2 cell phenotype, whereas IL-13 has a pleiotropic effect on type 2 inflammation, including, together with IL-4, decreased barrier function. Both cytokines are implicated in B-cell isotype class switching to generate immunoglobulin E, tissue fibrosis, and pruritus. IL-5, a key regulator of eosinophils, is responsible for eosinophil growth, differentiation, survival, and mobilization. In AD, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-31 are associated with sensory nerve sensitization and itch, leading to scratching that further exacerbates inflammation and barrier dysfunction. Various strategies have emerged to suppress type 2 inflammation, including biologics targeting cytokines or their receptors, and Janus kinase inhibitors that block intracellular cytokine signaling pathways. Here we review type 2 inflammation, its role in inflammatory diseases, and current and future therapies targeting type 2 pathways, with a focus on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonya L Cyr
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Noah A Levit
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
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13
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Can Bostan O, Cakmak ME, Kaya SB, Tuncay G, Damadoglu E, Karakaya G, Kalyoncu AF. The association of timothy grass allergy and cat ownership on cat sensitization. Allergy Asthma Proc 2022; 43:220-225. [PMID: 35524353 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2022.43.220012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pollen hypersensitivity might be a determining factor for other nonseasonal allergens because it may indicate deviation of the immune system toward T-helper type 2 activity and immunoglobulin E sensitivity. Objective: To investigate whether timothy grass pollen allergy may be a predictive factor for cat sensitization and whether there is an association between sensitivity to both allergens. Method: A retrospective review was made of patients with symptoms of rhinitis. The skin-prick test results and cat ownership status of the patients were analyzed. On the basis of the skin-prick test results with Phleum pratense (timothy grass) and other pollens, the patients were analyzed in two groups: "timothy allergic" and "non-timothy allergic." Results: A total of 383 patients with the diagnosis of rhinitis were included in the study, which comprised 213 (55.6%) in the timothy allergic group and 170 (44.4%) in the non-timothy allergic group. The frequency of cat sensitization was significantly higher in the patients in the timothy allergic group compared with those without timothy grass allergy (33.8% versus 12.3%; p < 0.001). No significant difference was determined between the two groups in terms of cat ownership (p = 0.63). In the logistic regression analysis, cat ownership (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 23.07 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 7.72-68.91]) and timothy allergy (adjusted OR 7.72 [95% CI, 3.16-18.86]) were associated with an increased risk of cat sensitization. Conclusion: Timothy grass allergy may play a role in the development of cat sensitization; however, further research is needed to clarify these associations and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Can Bostan
- From the Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Erdem Cakmak
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; and
| | - Saltuk Bugra Kaya
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Erzurum Training and Research Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gulseren Tuncay
- From the Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Damadoglu
- From the Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gul Karakaya
- From the Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Fuat Kalyoncu
- From the Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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14
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Steinhoff M, Ahmad F, Pandey A, Datsi A, AlHammadi A, Al-Khawaga S, Al-Malki A, Meng J, Alam M, Buddenkotte J. Neuro-immune communication regulating pruritus in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 149:1875-1898. [PMID: 35337846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic-relapsing inflammatory skin disease with significant disease burden. Genetic and environmental trigger factors contribute to AD, activating two of our largest organs, the nervous and immune system. Dysregulation of neuro-immune circuits plays a key role in the pathophysiology of AD causing inflammation, pruritus, pain, and barrier dysfunction. Sensory nerves can be activated by environmental or endogenous trigger factors transmitting itch stimuli to the brain. Upon stimulation, sensory nerve endings also release neuromediators into the skin contributing again to inflammation, barrier dysfunction and itch. Additionally, dysfunctional peripheral and central neuronal structures contribute to neuroinflammation, sensitization, nerve elongation, neuropathic itch, thus chronification and therapy-resistance. Consequently, neuro-immune circuits in skin and central nervous system may be targets to treat pruritus in AD. Cytokines, chemokines, proteases, lipids, opioids, ions excite/sensitize sensory nerve endings not only induce itch but further aggravate/perpetuate inflammation, skin barrier disruption, and pruritus. Thus, targeted therapies for neuro-immune circuits as well as pathway inhibitors (e.g., kinase inhibitors) may be beneficial to control pruritus in AD either in systemic and/or topical form. Understanding neuro-immune circuits and neuronal signaling will optimize our approach to control all pathological mechanisms in AD, inflammation, barrier dysfunction and pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Steinhoff
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar; Qatar University, College of Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Atul Pandey
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Institute for Transplantational Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ayda AlHammadi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Al-Khawaga
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aysha Al-Malki
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jianghui Meng
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Majid Alam
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Cho CH, Son SY, Bang JK, Jeon YH, Park JP. Biophysical and electrochemical approaches for studying molecular recognition of IL-33 binding peptides identified via phage display. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1197:339522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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16
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Clare AJ, Liu J, Copland DA, Theodoropoulou S, Dick AD. Unravelling the therapeutic potential of IL-33 for atrophic AMD. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:266-272. [PMID: 34531552 PMCID: PMC8807696 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative disease affecting the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors in the macula, is the leading cause of central blindness in the elderly. AMD progresses to advanced stages of the disease, atrophic AMD (aAMD), or in 15% of cases "wet" or neovascular AMD (nAMD), associated with substantial vision loss. Whilst there has been advancement in therapies treating nAMD, to date, there are no licenced effective treatments for the 85% affected by aAMD, with disease managed by changes to diet, vitamin supplements, and regular monitoring. AMD has a complex pathogenesis, involving highly integrated and common age-related disease pathways, including dysregulated complement/inflammation, impaired autophagy, and oxidative stress. The intricacy of AMD pathogenesis makes therapeutic development challenging and identifying a target that combats the converging disease pathways is essential to provide a globally effective treatment. Interleukin-33 is a cytokine, classically known for the proinflammatory role it plays in allergic disease. Recent evidence across degenerative and inflammatory disease conditions reveals a diverse immune-modulatory role for IL-33, with promising therapeutic potential. Here, we will review IL-33 function in disease and discuss the future potential for this homeostatic cytokine in treating AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J. Clare
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jian Liu
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - David A. Copland
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Sofia Theodoropoulou
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew D. Dick
- grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.5337.20000 0004 1936 7603School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK ,grid.439257.e0000 0000 8726 5837NIHR Biomedical Research Centre of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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17
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Dhong KR, Park HJ. Pediococcus Pentosaceus from the Sweet Potato Fermented Ger-Minated Brown Rice Can Inhibit Type I Hypersensitivity in RBL-2H3 Cell and BALB/c Mice Models. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091855. [PMID: 34576749 PMCID: PMC8469544 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of GBR fermented with the Pediococcus pentosaceus SP024 strain on IgE/Ag mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) was investigated. Protocatechuic acid and trans-ferulic acid levels in GBR-SP024 increased more than those in unfermented GBR, respec-tively. The inhibitory activity of GBR-SP024 on β-hexosaminidase release and the level of proin-flammatory cytokine mRNA expression (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 4 (IL-4)) was observed in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Western blot analysis showed that GBR-SP024 significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of the linker for activation of T cell (LAT) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in IgE/Ag-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Further, we investigated the anti-allergic effect of GBR-SP024 using PCA murine model. The number of infiltrated immune cells and degranulated mast cells in GBR-SP024 treated dermis was lower than that in the GBR-treated mice. In addition, mRNA expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) in the dermis of ear tissue declined in the GBR-SP024–treated group, compared to that in the GBR group. GBR-SP024 was also more effective than GBR at reducing the levels of IL-33 protein expression in IgE/Ag-stimulated BALB/c mice. Our study suggests the potential usage of GBR-SP024 as a dietary supplement or an adjuvant for treating IgE-dependent-allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Ree Dhong
- Department of Life Science, College of BioNano, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea;
| | - Hye-Jin Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-750-5382
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18
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Shin SH, Ye MK, Chae MH, Lee DW. Chamaecyparis obtusa Essential Oil Inhibits House Dust Mite Induced Nasal Epithelial Cell Activation and Immune Responses. J Oleo Sci 2021; 70:431-438. [PMID: 33658471 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils extracted from plants contain protective volatile compounds and are known to processes antibacterial, antifungal, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study was conducted to explore the immunomodulatory effects of essential oil extracted from Chamaecyparis obtusa (EOCO) on house dust mite-induced mucosal inflammation. Cultured primary nasal epithelial cells were stimulated with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP), and Dermatophagoides farina (DF) for 48 h. The production of interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the expression levels of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, activator protein (AP)-1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were determined by western blot analysis. To examine the effect of EOCO on the production of chemical mediators and the expression of transcription factors, epithelial cells were pretreated with EOCO for 1 h before stimulation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured in nasal epithelial cell conditioned media (NECM) for 72 h, after which the levels of IL-5, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured. DP and DF enhanced the production of IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP, and EOCO pretreatment inhibited their production from nasal epithelial cells. EOCO pretreatment also significantly suppressed the expression of NF-κB and AP-1. NECM induced the production of IL-5, IFN- γ, and TNF-α from PBMCs, and only TNF-α production was significantly inhibited by EOCO pretreatment. EOCO pretreatment inhibited the DP and DF induced nasal epithelial cell derived cytokine production and TNF-α production from PBMCs. These results indicate the potential value of EOCO in the treatment of airway inflammatory or immunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Heon Shin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
| | - Mi-Kyung Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
| | - Mi-Hyun Chae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
| | - Dong-Won Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu
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19
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Klapan K, Frangež Ž, Markov N, Yousefi S, Simon D, Simon HU. Evidence for Lysosomal Dysfunction within the Epidermis in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2838-2848.e4. [PMID: 34090855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are frequent chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Autophagy plays a substantial role in the homeostasis of an organism. Loss or impairment of autophagy is associated with multiple diseases. To investigate the possibility that autophagy plays a role in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, we investigated the levels of key ATG proteins in human skin specimens as well as in primary human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to inflammatory stimuli in vitro. Although TNF-α facilitated the induction of autophagy in an initial phase, it reduced the levels and enzymatic activities of lysosomal cathepsins in later time periods, resulting in autophagy inhibition. Therefore, TNF-α appears to play a dual role in the regulation of autophagy. The relevance of these in vitro findings was supported by the observation that the protein levels of cathepsins D and L are decreased in both psoriasis and atopic dermatitis skin specimens. Taken together, this study suggests that TNF-α blocks autophagy in keratinocytes after long-term exposure, a mechanism that may contribute to the chronicity of inflammatory diseases of the skin and, perhaps, of other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Klapan
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Živa Frangež
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nikita Markov
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Shida Yousefi
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dagmar Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Uwe Simon
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany; Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
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20
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Adamu RM, Singh RM, Ibrahim MA, Uba AI. Virtual discovery of a hetero-cyclic compound from the Universal Natural Product Database (UNPD36) as a potential inhibitor of interleukin-33: molecular docking and dynamic simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:8696-8705. [PMID: 33896389 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1915180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is a cytokine implicated in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Upon binding to its receptor ST2, IL-33 activates allergic inflammatory responses. To block this protein-protein interaction with a potential anti-allergic agent, we screened Universal Natural Product Database (UNPD) using a combined approach of molecular docking and dynamic simulations. Six hundred compounds with high gastrointestinal absorption properties from the UNPD were retrieved and subjected to molecular docking using Autodock Vina, out of which four hetero-cyclic compounds (UNPD36, UNPD2045, UNPD8905, UNPD122514) were found to have binding energy score of < -7.0 Kcal/mol. Further analysis from 100 ns MD simulation of the best hit (UNPD36) revealed that IL-33_UNPD36 complex reached average stability at RMSD of 2.7 Å, and residues involved in the interaction showed lower fluctuations compared to the residues at the β4-β5 and β11-β12 loop region. Further molecular docking using Autodock 4.2 was carried out to determine the binding orientation of UNPD36. Using GROMACS, additional 50 ns MD simulations and MM-PBSA calculation were performed on this complex. Finally, chemoinformatic studies revealed that the UNPD36 had drug-like and pharmacokinetic profiles as well as potentials for oral and topical applications, in addition to good safety profile. Thus, it was concluded that a hetero-cyclic compound with chromone moiety (UNPD36) had a good and stable binding mode to serve as potential inhibitor of IL-33 and/or may provide a scaffold for further optimization toward the design of more potent inhibitors for application in the treatment of respiratory allergies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Muhammad Adamu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Rita Majumdhar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba
- Complex Systems Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China
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21
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Giménez-Arnau AM, DeMontojoye L, Asero R, Cugno M, Kulthanan K, Yanase Y, Hide M, Kaplan AP. The Pathogenesis of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: The Role of Infiltrating Cells. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:2195-2208. [PMID: 33823316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria is characterized by a perivascular non-necrotizing cellular infiltrate around small venules of the skin. It consists primarily of CD4(+) lymphocytes, a prominence of the T helper (Th)2 subtype but also Th1 cells, with Th17 cell-derived cytokines elevated in plasma. There are also neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes. Chemokines derived from mast cells and activated endothelial cells drive the process. Although the role of the cellular infiltrate has not previously been addressed, each constituent can contribute to the overall pathogenesis. It is of interest that CSU responds to corticosteroid, yet, short-term steroids do not affect autoimmunity or degranulation of mast cells, and act on margination of cells along the endothelium and chemotaxis to enter the surrounding dermis. In this review, we address each cell's contribution to the overall inflammatory response, as it is currently understood, with a view toward development of therapeutic options that impede the function of critical cells and/or their secretory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Universitat Autònoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurence DeMontojoye
- Department of Dermatology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc and Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology Pole, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia, Clinica San Carlo, Paderno Dugnano, Italy
| | - Massimo Cugno
- Medicina Interna, Dipartmento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti, Università degli Studi di Milano, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuhki Yanase
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Allen P Kaplan
- Divison of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
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22
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Immunological and microRNA Features of Allergic Rhinitis in the Context of United Airway Disease. SINUSITIS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sinusitis5010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) may contribute to lower respiratory airways’ inflammation. T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and related cytokines are also involved in the immunological mechanism of AR along with the classical Th2 cells. It is hypothesized that upon Th2 pressure, the inflammatory response in the lungs may lead to Th17-induced neutrophilic inflammation. However, the findings for interleukin-17 (IL-17) are bidirectional. Furthermore, the role of Th17 cells and their counterpart—T regulatory cells—remains unclear in AR patients. It was also shown that a regulator of inflammation might be the individual circulating specific non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), which were distinctively expressed in AR and bronchial asthma (BA) patients. However, although several circulating miRNAs have been related to upper and lower respiratory tract diseases, their function and clinical value are far from being clarified. Still, they can serve as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosing, characterizing, and providing therapeutic targets for anti-inflammatory treatment along with the confirmed contributors to the pathogenesis—Th17 cells and related cytokines. The narrow pathogenetic relationship between the nose and the bronchi, e.g., upper and lower respiratory tracts, confirms the concept of unified airway diseases. Thus, there is no doubt that AR and BA should be diagnosed, managed, and treated in an integrated manner.
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De Martinis M, Ginaldi L, Sirufo MM, Bassino EM, De Pietro F, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. IL-33/Vitamin D Crosstalk in Psoriasis-Associated Osteoporosis. Front Immunol 2021; 11:604055. [PMID: 33488605 PMCID: PMC7819870 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.604055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with psoriasis (Pso) and, in particular, psoriatic arthritis (PsoA) have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis (OP). It has been shown that OP is among the more common pathologies associated with Pso, mainly due to the well-known osteopenizing conditions coexisting in these patients. Pso and OP share common risk factors, such as vitamin D deficiency and chronic inflammation. Interestingly, the interleukin (IL)-33/ST2 axis, together with vitamin D, is closely related to both Pso and OP. Vitamin D and the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathways are closely involved in bone remodeling, as well as in skin barrier pathophysiology. The production of anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines, e.g., IL-4 and IL-10, is promoted by IL-33 and vitamin D, which are stimulators of both regulatory and Th2 cells. IL-33, together with other Th2 cytokines, shifts osteoclast precursor differentiation towards macrophage and dendritic cells and inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating the expression of anti-osteoclastic genes. However, while the vitamin D protective functions in OP and Pso have been definitively ascertained, the overall effect of IL-33 on bone and skin homeostasis, because of its pleiotropic action, is still controversial. Emerging evidence suggests a functional link between vitamin D and the IL-33/ST2 axis, which acts through hormonal influences and immune-mediated effects, as well as cellular and metabolic functions. Based on the actions of vitamin D and IL-33 in Pso and OP, here, we hypothesize the role of their crosstalk in the pathogenesis of both these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Martinis
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Lia Ginaldi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Sirufo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrica Maria Bassino
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesca De Pietro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Checa J, Aran JM. Airway Redox Homeostasis and Inflammation Gone Awry: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Emerging Therapeutics in Respiratory Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9317. [PMID: 33297418 PMCID: PMC7731288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As aerobic organisms, we are continuously and throughout our lifetime subjected to an oxidizing atmosphere and, most often, to environmental threats. The lung is the internal organ most highly exposed to this milieu. Therefore, it has evolved to confront both oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a variety of pollutants, pathogens, and allergens that promote inflammation and can harm the airways to different degrees. Indeed, an excess of ROS, generated intrinsically or from external sources, can imprint direct damage to key structural cell components (nucleic acids, sugars, lipids, and proteins) and indirectly perturb ROS-mediated signaling in lung epithelia, impairing its homeostasis. These early events complemented with efficient recognition of pathogen- or damage-associated recognition patterns by the airway resident cells alert the immune system, which mounts an inflammatory response to remove the hazards, including collateral dead cells and cellular debris, in an attempt to return to homeostatic conditions. Thus, any major or chronic dysregulation of the redox balance, the air-liquid interface, or defects in epithelial proteins impairing mucociliary clearance or other defense systems may lead to airway damage. Here, we review our understanding of the key role of oxidative stress and inflammation in respiratory pathology, and extensively report current and future trends in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatments focusing on the following major acute and chronic lung diseases: acute lung injury/respiratory distress syndrome, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josep M. Aran
- Immune-Inflammatory Processes and Gene Therapeutics Group, IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
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Han X, Krempski JW, Nadeau K. Advances and novel developments in mechanisms of allergic inflammation. Allergy 2020; 75:3100-3111. [PMID: 33068299 DOI: 10.1111/all.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, research in the molecular and cellular underpinnings of basic and clinical immunology has significantly advanced our understanding of allergic disorders, allowing scientists and clinicians to diagnose and treat disorders such as asthma, allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, and food allergy. In this review, we discuss several significant recent developments in basic and clinical research as well as important future research directions in allergic inflammation. Certain key regulatory cytokines, genes and molecules have recently been shown to play key roles in allergic disorders. For example, interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays an important role in refractory disorders such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and food allergy, mainly by inducing T helper (Th) 2 immune responses and clinical trials with IL-33 inhibitors are underway in food allergy. We discuss interleukin 4 receptor pathways, which recently have been shown to play a critical role among the allergic inflammatory pathways that drive allergic disorders and pathogenesis. Further, the cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has recently been shown as a factor in maintaining immune homeostasis and regulating type 2 inflammatory responses at mucosal barriers in allergic inflammation and targeting TSLP-mediated signalling is considered an attractive therapeutic strategy. In addition, new findings establish an important T cell-intrinsic role of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) proteolytic activity in the suppression of autoimmune responses. We have seen how mutations in the filaggrin gene are a significant risk factor for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, contact allergy, and hand eczema. We are only beginning to understand the mechanisms by which the human microbiota may be regulating the immune system, and how sudden changes in the composition of the microbiota may have profound effects, linked with an increased risk of developing chronic inflammatory disorders, including allergies. New research has shown the important but complex role monocytes play in disorders such as food allergies. Finally, we discuss some of the new directions of research in this area, particularly the important use of biologicals in oral immunotherapy, advances in gene therapy, multifood therapy, novel diagnostics in diagnosing allergic disorders and the central role that omics play in creating molecular signatures and biomarkers of allergic disorders such as food allergy. Such exciting new developments and advances have significantly moved forth our ability to understand the mechanisms underlying allergic diseases for improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Han
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - James W. Krempski
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University Stanford University Stanford CA USA
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University Stanford University Stanford CA USA
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Symbiotic microbiome Staphylococcus aureus from human nasal mucus modulates IL-33-mediated type 2 immune responses in allergic nasal mucosa. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:301. [PMID: 33028252 PMCID: PMC7542126 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The host-microbial commensalism can shape the innate immune responses in respiratory mucosa and nasal microbiome also modulates front-line immune mechanism in the nasal mucosa. Inhaled allergens encounter the host immune system first in the nasal mucosa, and microbial characteristics of nasal mucus directly impact the mechanisms of initial allergic responses in nasal epithelium. However, the roles of the nasal microbiome in allergic nasal mucosa remain uncertain. We sought to determine the distribution of nasal microbiomes in allergic nasal mucosa and elucidate the interplay between nasal microbiome Staphylococcus species and Th2 cytokines in allergic rhinitis (AR) models. Results Staphylococcus aureus (AR-SA) and S. epidermidis (AR-SE) were isolated from the nasal mucosa of patients with AR. The influence of nasal microbiome Staphylococcus species on allergic nasal mucosa was also tested with in vitro and in vivo AR models. Pyrosequencing data showed that colonization by S. epidermidis and S. aureus was more dominant in nasal mucus of AR subjects. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-33 and TSLP were significantly higher in AR nasal epithelial (ARNE) cells which were cultured from nasal mucosa of AR subjects, and exposure of ARNE cells to AR-SA reduced IL-33 mRNA and secreted protein levels. Particularly, ovalbumin-driven AR mice inoculated with AR-SA by intranasal delivery exhibited significantly reduced IL-33 in their nasal mucosa. In the context of these results, allergic symptoms and Th2 cytokine levels were significantly downregulated after intranasal inoculation of AR-SA in vivo AR mice. Conclusion Colonization by Staphylococcus species was more dominant in allergic nasal mucosa, and nasal commensal S. aureus from subjects with AR mediates anti-allergic effects by modulating IL-33-dependent Th2 inflammation. The results demonstrate the role of host-bacterial commensalism in shaping human allergic inflammation.
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Ran H, Xiao H, Zhou X, Guo L, Lu S. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in the interleukin-33 gene are associated with a risk of allergic rhinitis in the Chinese population. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:102. [PMID: 32973951 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common upper airway disease attributed to a variety of risk factors, such as environmental exposures and genetic susceptibility. The commonly observed comorbidity of asthma and AR in the clinic suggests the presence of shared genetic risk factors and biological mechanisms between these diseases. Interleukin (IL)-33 has been indicated to be an important factor driving asthma susceptibility and pathogenesis using both genome-wide association studies and functional studies in model animals. Although previous studies have reported the putative association of this gene with AR, evidence for the association of genetic variations of IL-33 with the disease is still missing. To examine whether variations in the IL-33 gene confer a genetic risk of AR, a total of 769 patients with AR and 769 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited among Han Chinese residents in the Hubei province, and 14 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the IL-33 gene were examined for their association with the risk of AR. The results indicated that five SNPs, which were in a moderate linkage disequilibrium and were located in the 5'-flanking region of IL-33, exhibited significant associations with the risk of AR, and these associations were additionally supported by genotypic and haplotypic analyses. Notably, three of the five IL-33 SNPs have been previously reported to exhibit genome-wide associations with asthma, and their alleles were also revealed to confer an increased risk of AR in the present study. In summary, the results of the current study suggested that certain variations in the IL-33 gene represent a potential risk for AR, and indicated a shared genetic basis between AR and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ran
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Xiao
- Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Xing Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shishou People's Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434400, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Guo
- Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Lu
- Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
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Sun Z, Ji N, Ma Q, Zhu R, Chen Z, Wang Z, Qian Y, Wu C, Hu F, Huang M, Zhang M. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Asthma Airway Remodeling Is Regulated by the IL-33/CD146 Axis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1598. [PMID: 32793232 PMCID: PMC7387705 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is essential in asthma airway remodeling. IL-33 from epithelial cells is involved in pulmonary fibrosis. CD146 has been extensively explored in cancer-associated EMT. Whether IL-33 regulates CD146 in the EMT process associated with asthma airway remodeling is still largely unknown. We hypothesized that EMT in airway remodeling was regulated by the IL-33/CD146 axis. House dust mite (HDM) extract increased the expression of IL-33 and CD146 in epithelial cells. Increased expression of CD146 in HDM-treated epithelial cells could be blocked with an ST2-neutralizing antibody. Moreover, HDM-induced EMT was dependent on the CD146 and TGF-β/SMAD-3 signaling pathways. IL-33 deficiency decreased CD146 expression and alleviated asthma severity. Similarly, CD146 deficiency mitigated EMT and airway remodeling in a murine model of chronic allergic airway inflammation. Furthermore, CD146 expression was significantly elevated in asthma patients. We concluded that IL-33 from HDM extract-treated alveolar epithelial cells stimulated CD146 expression, promoting EMT in airway remodeling in chronic allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiao Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningfei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiyun Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ranran Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaojie Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingshun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Chen JL, Zhang CL. [Changes of serum interleukin-33 in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2020; 22:716-720. [PMID: 32669167 PMCID: PMC7389611 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in the development and progression of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. METHODS A prospective cohort study was performed on 128 preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks and/or a birth weight of ≤1 500 g. They were classified to a non-BPD group with 50 infants, a mild BPD group with 32 infants, a moderate BPD group with 30 infants, and a severe BPD group with 16 infants. Related data were collected, including antepartum factors of mothers (antepartum hormone and chorioamnionitis), intrapartum factors of preterm infants (sex, gestational age, birth weight, mode of birth, and birth asphyxia), treatment after birth (pulmonary surfactant, duration of invasive ventilation, duration of noninvasive ventilation, duration of parenteral nutrition, and length of hospital stay). The high-risk factors for BPD were analyzed. ELISA was used to measure the serum level of IL-33 in preterm infants on days 1, 14, and 28 after birth. The serum level of IL-33 was compared between groups at different time points after birth. The preterm infants with moderate or severe BPD were treated with conventional corticosteroid therapy (DART regimen), and the serum level of IL-33 was measured before and after treatment. RESULTS There were significant differences between the preterm infants with BPD and those without BPD in the incidence of maternal chorioamnionitis, gestational age, birth weight, the incidence of birth asphyxia, duration of invasive ventilation, duration of noninvasive ventilation, duration of parenteral nutrition, and total length of hospital stay (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the above indices among the preterm infants with different severities of BPD (P<0.05). On days 1, 14, and 28 after birth, the infants with BPD had a significantly higher serum level of IL-33 than those without BPD, and the serum level of IL-33 tended to increase with the severity of BPD and over the time after birth (P<0.05). The preterm infants with moderate or severe BPD had a significant reduction in the serum level of IL-33 after the treatment with DART regimen (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum IL-33 is closely associated with the development and severity of BPD. Anti-inflammatory therapy with DART regimen can decrease the serum level of IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Huhhot 010017, China.
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30
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Norlander AE, Peebles RS. Innate Type 2 Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. Viruses 2020; 12:E521. [PMID: 32397226 PMCID: PMC7290766 DOI: 10.3390/v12050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common and contagious virus that results in acute respiratory tract infections in infants. In many cases, the symptoms of RSV remain mild, however, a subset of individuals develop severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis. As such, RSV is the chief cause of infant hospitalization within the United States. Typically, the immune response to RSV is a type 1 response that involves both the innate and adaptive immune systems. However, type 2 cytokines may also be produced as a result of infection of RSV and there is increasing evidence that children who develop severe RSV-associated bronchiolitis are at a greater risk of developing asthma later in life. This review summarizes the contribution of a newly described cell type, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), and epithelial-derived alarmin proteins that activate ILC2, including IL-33, IL-25, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). ILC2 activation leads to the production of type 2 cytokines and the induction of a type 2 response during RSV infection. Intervening in this innate type 2 inflammatory pathway may have therapeutic implications for severe RSV-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Stokes Peebles
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-2650, USA;
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31
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Ohto-Ozaki H, Hayakawa M, Kamoshita N, Maruyama T, Tominaga SI, Ohmori T. Induction of IκBζ Augments Cytokine and Chemokine Production by IL-33 in Mast Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2033-2042. [PMID: 32144162 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IκBζ (encoded by the Nfkbiz) is a member of the nuclear IκB family, which is involved in the expression of secondary response genes based on signals from TLR or IL-1R. ST2L, an IL-33R, is a member of the IL-1R family and abundantly expressed in tissue-resident immune cells, such as mast cells and innate lymphoid cells; however, its downstream signaling pathway remains unelucidated. In this study, we examined the role of IκBζ in ST2L-mediated cytokine and chemokine production in mast cells. Murine bone marrow cells were differentiated ex vivo into bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). The treatment of BMMCs with IL-33 transiently induced robust IκBζ expression. Of the 40 cytokines and chemokines examined using a cytokine and chemokine array, the concentrations of IL-6, IL-13, CCL2, CCL3, and TNF-α in the supernatant were augmented by IL-33. The deletion of IκBζ in BMMCs resulted in a significant reduction of the production of these mediators and the expression of their mRNA. NF-κB p50 but not p65 translocated to the nucleus by IL-33 and was not affected by the deletion of IκBζ. However, induction of IκBζ and the resultant cytokine and chemokine productions were significantly inhibited by pretreatment with an NF-κB inhibitor. The deletion of IκBζ did not affect the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK, or JNK by IL-33, and the treatment with inhibitors of these mitogen-activated kinases failed to abolish the expression of Nfkbiz Our findings suggest that IκBζ augments IL-33-dependent cytokine and chemokine production in BMMCs through the action of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Ohto-Ozaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Morisada Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.,Center for Gene Therapy Research, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Kamoshita
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.,Center for Gene Therapy Research, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Immunology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan; and
| | - Shin-Ichi Tominaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.,Japan Association for Development of Community Medicine, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo 102-0093, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ohmori
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; .,Center for Gene Therapy Research, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
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Gurgone D, McShane L, McSharry C, Guzik TJ, Maffia P. Cytokines at the Interplay Between Asthma and Atherosclerosis? Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:166. [PMID: 32194407 PMCID: PMC7064545 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important comorbidity in a number of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, evidence in highly prevalent respiratory disease such as asthma are still limited. Epidemiological and clinical data are not univocal in supporting the hypothesis that asthma and CVD are linked and the mechanisms of this relationship remain poorly defined. In this review, we explore the relationship between asthma and cardiovascular disease, with a specific focus on cytokine contribution to vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. This is important in the context of recent evidence linking broad inflammatory signaling to cardiovascular events. However inflammatory regulation in asthma is different to the one typically observed in atherosclerosis. We focus on the contribution of cytokine networks encompassing IL-4, IL-6, IL-9, IL-17A, IL-33 but also IFN-γ and TNF-α to vascular dysfunction in atherosclerosis. In doing so we highlight areas of unmet need and possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Gurgone
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucy McShane
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Charles McSharry
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine, Kraków, Poland
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Just Another Needle in a Haystack? Can a Single Cytokine Improve Medical Care in Biliary Atresia? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020; 70:278-279. [PMID: 31899734 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000002613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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34
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Hon KL, Loo S, Leung AKC, Li JTS, Lee VWY. An overview of drug discovery efforts for eczema: why is this itch so difficult to scratch? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:487-498. [PMID: 32050818 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1722639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a type of allergic/inflammatory dermatitis characterized by itch and an impairment in quality of life.Areas covered: Herein, the authors review drug discovery efforts for AD, highlighting the clinical efficacy of novel drugs, with a particular focus on the relief of pruritus. Topical agents include emollients, topical antihistamines, corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and herbs. Recently, topical phosphodiesterase E4 (PDE4) inhibitors like crisaborole have become available and are efficacious for mild to moderate AD with few side effects. For more severe AD, monoclonal antibodies like dupilumab are considered as efficacious subcutaneous treatment options. In severe and recalcitrant AD, systemic treatment can ameliorate AD symptoms.Expert opinion: Many topical and systemic medications have demonstrated therapeutic benefits for AD. Indeed, randomized trials have shown that topical PDE4 inhibitors and subcutaneous dupilumab are safe and efficacious. Objective tools to evaluate itch and gauge treatment efficacy is important, but current methodology relies primarily on clinical scores. AD is a systemic atopic disease with a lot of complicated psychosocial issues. Suboptimal efficacy is often due to poor compliance and unrealistic expectation of curative treatment, rendering treatment difficult despite the existence of effective medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kam Lun Hon
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,The Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Steven Loo
- The Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Alexander K C Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joyce T S Li
- Centre for Learning Enhancement And Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Vivian W Y Lee
- Centre for Learning Enhancement And Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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35
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Kao JK, Hsu TF, Lee MS, Su TC, Lee CH, Hsu CS, Shieh JJ, Wang JY, Yang RC. Subcutaneous injection of recombinant heat shock protein 70 ameliorates atopic dermatitis skin lesions in a mouse model. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:186-195. [PMID: 31904187 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and sometimes is a tough challenge for physicians. We previously reported that in Th2 environment, the production and secretion of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) from human keratinocytes was inhibited by recombinant heat shock protein 70 (rHSP70). The present study assessed the therapeutic effectiveness of rHSP70 in a mouse model of AD. An experimental model of AD was reproduced by systemic sensitization and local epicutaneous challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). Treatment of rHSP70 was performed by subcutaneous administration. The levels of OVA-specific IgE, as well as cytokines, were detected by ELISA. Skin samples from patch areas were also taken for histologic examination. Injection of rHSP70 improved the histologic picture by reducing the thickness of epidermis and allergic inflammation. Skin sonography revealed rHSP70 ameliorated skin remodeling. rHSP70 also significantly decreased the protein expression of TSLP of skin from patch areas. Furthermore, in ex vivo studies also showed group of rHSP70 treatment decreased IL-13, RANTES, MIP-1β and increased IFN-γ secreted from splenocytes stimulated with OVA. The rHSP70 intervention in the mouse model of AD reduced the skin expression of TSLP and attenuated the clinical appearance of OVA-induced AD mice. The effect was achieved by suppressed Th2 immune response in injected skin tissue and enhanced systemic Th1 immune response. These results suggest that rHSP70 have potential as a promising protein for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kai Kao
- Frontier Molecular Medical Research Center in Children, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua County, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Fang Hsu
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Master Program of Cosmetic Science, Hungkuang University, Shalu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Sheng Lee
- Frontier Molecular Medical Research Center in Children, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua County, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Cheng Su
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lee
- Frontier Molecular Medical Research Center in Children, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua County, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Hsu
- Frontier Molecular Medical Research Center in Children, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua County, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Jer Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research (ACIR) Center, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rei-Cheng Yang
- Frontier Molecular Medical Research Center in Children, Changhua Christian Children Hospital, Changhua County, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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36
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Act quickly when treating atopic keratoconjunctivitis to avoid adverse outcomes. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-019-00694-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Chinthrajah S, Cao S, Liu C, Lyu SC, Sindher SB, Long A, Sampath V, Petroni D, Londei M, Nadeau KC. Phase 2a randomized, placebo-controlled study of anti-IL-33 in peanut allergy. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131347. [PMID: 31723064 PMCID: PMC6948865 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDIL-33, found in high levels in participants with allergic disorders, is thought to mediate allergic reactions. Etokimab, an anti-IL-33 biologic, has previously demonstrated a good safety profile and favorable pharmacodynamic properties in many clinical studies.METHODSIn this 6-week placebo-controlled phase 2a study, we evaluated the safety and the ability of a single dose of etokimab to desensitize peanut-allergic adults. Participants received either etokimab (n = 15) or blinded placebo (n = 5). Clinical tests included oral food challenges and skin prick tests at days 15 and 45. Blood samples were collected for IgE levels and measurement of ex vivo peanut-stimulated T cell cytokine production.RESULTSEfficacy measurements for active vs. placebo participants at the day 15 and 45 food challenge (tolerating a cumulative 275 mg of peanut protein, which was the food challenge outcome defined in this paper) demonstrated, respectively, 73% vs. 0% (P = 0.008) to 57% vs. 0% (ns). The etokimab group had fewer adverse events compared with placebo. IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, and ST2 levels in CD4+ T cells were reduced in the active vs. placebo arm upon peanut-induced T cell activation (P = 0.036 for IL-13 and IL-9 at day 15), and peanut-specific IgE was reduced in active vs. placebo (P = 0.014 at day 15).CONCLUSIONThe phase 2a results suggest etokimab is safe and well tolerated and that a single dose of etokimab could have the potential to desensitize peanut-allergic participants and possibly reduce atopy-related adverse events.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov NCT02920021.FUNDINGThis work was supported by NIH grant R01AI140134, AnaptysBio, the Hartman Vaccine Fund, and the Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Chinthrajah
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shu Cao
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Cherie Liu
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Sayantani B. Sindher
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew Long
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Daniel Petroni
- ASTHMA Inc., Clinical Research Center, Northwest Asthma and Allergy Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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38
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Kalinauskaite-Zukauske V, Janulaityte I, Januskevicius A, Malakauskas K. Serum levels of epithelial-derived mediators and interleukin-4/interleukin-13 signaling after bronchial challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in patients with allergic asthma. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12820. [PMID: 31486098 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Allergens are the main trigger that enhances airway type 2 inflammation, and the epithelium is the first line of defense that reacts to its exposure. Therefore, epithelial-derived mediators, such as interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and ezrin, may play a role as alarmins in IL-4/IL-13 signaling in allergic asthma (AA). We investigated the serum levels of IL-25, IL-33, TSLP, ezrin, IL-4 and IL-13, after bronchial challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in patients with AA. We examined 18 subjects: nine steroid-free stable patients with AA sensitized to D. pteronyssinus and nine non-atopic healthy subjects (HS). Bronchial allergen challenge was performed using inhaled D. pteronyssinus allergen. IL-4, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, TSLP and ezrin levels in serum were measured by ELISA at two time points - before and 24 hours after bronchial allergen challenge. The serum levels of IL-25, TSLP and ezrin did not differ between AA and HS groups at baseline. However, after allergen exposure, significant increases in serum levels of IL-25, TSLP and ezrin were observed only in patients with AA. The serum level of IL-33 at baseline was significantly higher in the AA group compared with HS, but the allergen challenge did not provoke an increase of this cytokine in any group. IL-4 and IL-13 levels were significantly higher at baseline in the AA group compared with HS and, after allergen exposure, were significantly increased in the AA group, with no effect on HS. Thus, the epithelial-derived mediators IL-25, TSLP and ezrin, via IL4/IL13 signaling, enhance type 2 inflammation after bronchial challenge with D. pteronyssinus in AA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ieva Janulaityte
- Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Januskevicius
- Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kestutis Malakauskas
- Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania.,Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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39
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Bassagh A, Jafarzadeh A, Kazemipour N, Nemati M, Aminizadeh N, Larussa T, Ghazizadeh M, Abasi MH, Mirkamandar E. Decreased circulating interleukin-33 concentration in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients with peptic ulcer: Evaluation of its association with a cytokine gene polymorphism, gender of patients and bacterial virulence factor CagA. Microb Pathog 2019; 136:103708. [PMID: 31491552 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
IL-33 has powerful immunoregulatory activities such as reinforcement of Th2 cell responses. The aim was to assess the circulating IL-33 levels and IL-33 rs1929992 polymorphism in H. pylori-infected peptic ulcer (PU) patients and asymptomatic (AS) subjects. Blood samples were obtained from 100 PU patients, 100 AS subjects and 100 uninfected individuals. Circulating IL-33 levels were detected by ELISA. After DNA extraction, the IL-33 rs1929992 polymorphism was determined using PCR-RFLP method. Serum IL-33 quantities were significantly lower in PU patients compared with AS and uninfected groups. IL-33 levels were higher in AS subjects compared with uninfected group. In PU, AS and uninfected groups, IL-33 levels were significantly higher in women than men. In PU and AS groups, the CagA+H. pylori-infected subjects exhibit higher IL-33 levels compared with carriers of CagA-H. pylori strains. In PU patients, the frequency of genotype GG and allele G at IL-33 rs1929992 was significantly higher compared with all healthy subjects (AS + uninfected groups). The presence of genotypes GG and AG, and allele G in rs1929992 conferred greater risk for PU. In whole H. pylori-infected population (PU + AS groups), IL-33 levels in individuals with genotype AA or allele A at rs1929992 were higher than subjects with GG genotype or allele G. The reduced IL-33 production could contribute to the PU development during H. pylori infection. The IL-33 levels may be affected by individual gender, rs1929992 polymorphism, and the CagA status of bacteria. The rs1929992-related GG genotype and G allele may be associated with PU development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Bassagh
- Department of Immunology, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Nadia Kazemipour
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Najmeh Aminizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, Islamic Azad University of Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tiziana Larussa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Ehsan Mirkamandar
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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40
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Ridolo E, Kihlgren P, Pellicelli I, Nizi MC, Pucciarini F, Incorvaia C. Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis: Pharmacotherapy for the Elderly. Drugs Aging 2019; 36:581-588. [PMID: 31055787 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-019-00676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among the different forms of allergic conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis has distinct characteristics, defined by a more common onset in late adolescence or early adulthood, but also affecting the elderly, and with a higher prevalence in male individuals. However, the prevalence of atopic keratoconjunctivitis is scarcely investigated, and the data are often uncertain because other allergic nasal or respiratory disorders occur concomitantly. Mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Despite its denomination as atopic, negative responses to skin tests or in-vitro immunoglobulin E tests are common. In fact, atopic keratoconjunctivitis can be attributed to a combination of T-helper-1 and T-helper-2 responses, but a higher prominence for T-helper-1 cells was found. The most common symptoms of atopic keratoconjunctivitis are bilateral ocular itching, burning, and tearing with a perennial presentation, although some patients may have seasonal exacerbations in winter or summer. Other symptoms such as photophobia, blurred vision, and mucous chewy discharge, owing to the accumulation of cells and mucin, may occur. The diagnosis of atopic keratoconjunctivitis is mainly clinical, as accepted diagnostic criteria or laboratory tests are not available. The treatment of atopic keratoconjunctivitis is aimed at controlling symptoms, decreasing relapse and exacerbations, and reducing vision loss. Therapeutic options comprise topical ophthalmic drops, including cromones, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and calcineurin inhibitors. Topical ointments are also available for corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. Severe forms may require systemic medications including antihistamines, corticosteroids, and calcineurin inhibitors. Atopic keratoconjunctivitis therapy in the elderly does not differ from the adult population, but the occurrence of multi-morbidities and concomitant drug treatment, which are common in this age group, requires a careful evaluation to determine appropriate and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erminia Ridolo
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci n.14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - P Kihlgren
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci n.14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - I Pellicelli
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci n.14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - M C Nizi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci n.14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - F Pucciarini
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci n.14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - C Incorvaia
- Cardiac/Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Pini-CTO, Milan, Italy
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41
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Determination of the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection Role with the Disturbances of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and Interleukin-33 (IL-33) Concentrations in the Pathogenesis of Asthma and Atherosclerosis in a Sample of Iraqi Patients. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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42
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Ray JL, Holian A. Sex differences in the inflammatory immune response to multi-walled carbon nanotubes and crystalline silica. Inhal Toxicol 2019; 31:285-297. [PMID: 31556754 PMCID: PMC6813775 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2019.1669743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Respiratory disease is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. These diseases frequently present with a sex bias in occurrence and severity, yet the mechanisms responsible for these sex biases is a critically understudied area of basic research. Methods: Male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) or crystalline silica (cSiO2) via oropharyngeal aspiration. Acute assessments were conducted 24 h and 7 days after a single exposure. In chronic experiments, mice were exposed to respective particles once per week for 4 weeks and sacrificed 8 weeks after the last exposure. Lung lavage fluid (LLF) was assessed for markers of injury and inflammation. Immune cell populations were analyzed by flow cytometry and histopathology assessment was performed on lung tissue from chronically exposed mice. Results: Female mice exposed to a single dose of MWCNTs generated a greater eosinophilic response than males 24 h and 7 days post-exposure. Eosinophilia was accompanied by elevated type 2 cytokine production in LLF. The exaggerated acute response in females was consistent with lung pathology observed in the chronic model: females had greater alveolitis and epithelial cell hyperplasia compared to males. There were no sex differences 24 h after cSiO2 exposure, but by 7-day post-exposure female mice had greater airspace neutrophilia and inflammatory cytokine levels compared to males. However, following repeated exposure to cSiO2, male mice had worse alveolitis and greater dendritic cell presence within the lungs. Conclusions: Female mice are more susceptible to acute and chronic MWCNT-induced inflammation, but male mice are more susceptible to chronic cSiO2-induced lung pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Ray
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana , Missoula , MT , USA
| | - Andrij Holian
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana , Missoula , MT , USA
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43
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Cakir U, Tayman C, Yucel C. A Novel Diagnostic Marker for the Severity of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Interleukin-33. PEDIATRIC ALLERGY IMMUNOLOGY AND PULMONOLOGY 2019; 32:12-17. [PMID: 31508250 DOI: 10.1089/ped.2019.0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an important clinical problem for premature infants. Previously, some biomarkers associated with severity of BPD have been studied. In our study, we aimed to investigate the value of interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels as a new biomarker in the follow-up of BPD severity and response to treatment. Materials and Methods: Premature infants of <32 weeks of gestational age and birth weight <1,500 g were included in the study. Infants with BPD were divided into moderate and severe BPD groups. Infants without BPD were assigned as the control group. Cord blood samples were taken from both groups immediately after birth. In addition, blood samples were obtained at the time of diagnosis of BPD and after the end of hydrocortisone (HC) treatment to measure IL-33 values in the serum. Results: During the study period, a total of 192 infants were eligible: 96 infants in the BPD group and 96 in the control group. Cord IL-33 values were similar between control (1.29 ± 0.68 pg/mL) and BPD (moderate/severe) (1.31 ± 0.84 pg/mL) groups (P = 0.813). The levels of IL-33 were higher in BPD group (3.43 ± 0.98 pg/mL) than in the control group (0.98 ± 0.51 pg/mL) (P < 0.001). IL-33 values decreased significantly after HC treatment (pretreatment: 3.43 ± 0.98 pg/mL versus post-treatment: 2.97 ± 0.28 pg/mL) (P < 0.001). In addition, IL-33 levels were significantly higher in severe BPD (3.91 ± 1.22 pg/mL) than in moderate BPD (2.82 ± 0.74) group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Although the IL-33 level was not predictive of the development of BPD immediately after birth, it may be used as a new biomarker to diagnose, monitor, and follow the response to treatment of BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Cakir
- Division of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Tayman
- Division of Neonatology, Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yucel
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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44
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Gorbacheva AM, Kuprash DV, Mitkin NA. Glucocorticoid Receptor Binding Inhibits an Intronic IL33 Enhancer and is Disrupted by rs4742170 (T) Allele Associated with Specific Wheezing Phenotype in Early Childhood. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123956. [PMID: 30544846 PMCID: PMC6321062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 33 (IL-33) is a cytokine constitutively expressed by various cells of barrier tissues that contribute to the development of inflammatory immune responses. According to its function as an alarmin secreted by lung and airway epithelium, IL-33 plays a significant role in pathogenesis of allergic disorders. IL-33 is strongly involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, anaphylaxis, allergy and dermatitis, and genetic variations in IL33 locus are associated with increased susceptibility to asthma. Genome-wide association studies have identified risk "T" allele of the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs4742170 located in putative IL33 enhancer area as susceptible variant for development of specific wheezing phenotype in early childhood. Here, we demonstrate that risk "T" rs4742170 allele disrupts binding of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcription factor to IL33 putative enhancer. The IL33 promoter/enhancer constructs containing either 4742170 (T) allele or point mutations in the GR-binding site, were significantly more active and did not respond to cortisol in a pulmonary epithelial cell line. At the same time, the constructs containing rs4742170 (C) allele with a functional GR-binding site were less active and further inhibitable by cortisol. The latter effect was GR-dependent as it was completely abolished by GR-specific siRNA. This mechanism may explain the negative effect of the rs4742170 (T) risk allele on the development of wheezing phenotype that strongly correlates with allergic sensitization in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa M Gorbacheva
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry V Kuprash
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikita A Mitkin
- Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling in Health and Disease, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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