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Wójciak K, Materska M, Pełka A, Michalska A, Małecka-Massalska T, Kačániová M, Čmiková N, Słowiński M. Effect of the Addition of Dandelion ( Taraxacum officinale) on the Protein Profile, Antiradical Activity, and Microbiological Status of Raw-Ripening Pork Sausage. Molecules 2024; 29:2249. [PMID: 38792111 PMCID: PMC11124098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated the effect of adding dandelion extract on the characteristics of raw-ripening pork sausages while reducing the nitrite addition from 150 to 80 mg/kg. The sausages were made primarily from pork ham (80%) and pork jowl (20%). The process involved curing, preparing the meat stuffing, forming the links, and then subjecting the sausages to a 21-day ripening period. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, water activity, and oxidation-reduction potential were compared at the beginning of production and after the ripening process. The study also examined the impact of ripening on protein metabolism in pork sausages and compared the protein profiles of different sausage variants. The obtained research results indicate that dandelion-leaf extract (Taraxacum officinale) were rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, and their derivatives (LC-QTOF-MS method). Antiradical activity test against the ABTS+* and DPPH radical, and the TBARS index, demonstrated that addition of dandelion (0.5-1%) significantly improved the oxidative stability of raw-ripening sausages with nitrite content reduction to 80 mg/kg. A microbiological evaluation of the sausages was also carried out to assess the correctness of the ripening process. The total number of viable bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and coliforms were evaluated and subsequently identified by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wójciak
- Department of Animal Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Materska
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Arkadiusz Pełka
- Department of Animal Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Agata Michalska
- Department of Animal Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland; (A.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Teresa Małecka-Massalska
- Department of Human Physiology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia or (M.K.); (N.Č.)
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Natália Čmiková
- Institute of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia or (M.K.); (N.Č.)
| | - Mirosław Słowiński
- Division of Meat Technology, Department of Food Technology and Food Evaluation, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
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Farhan M. Cytotoxic Activity of the Red Grape Polyphenol Resveratrol against Human Prostate Cancer Cells: A Molecular Mechanism Mediated by Mobilization of Nuclear Copper and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:611. [PMID: 38792632 PMCID: PMC11122162 DOI: 10.3390/life14050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found primarily in red grapes and pomegranates is known as an antioxidant but can act as a pro-oxidant when copper ions are present. Here, resveratrol is demonstrated to reduce cell growth (as evaluated by MTT assay) and promote apoptosis-like cell death (as measured by Histone/DNA ELISA) in prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and C42B. This effect is effectively inhibited by a copper chelator (neocuproine) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers (thiourea for hydroxyl radical, superoxide dismutase for superoxide anion, and catalase for hydrogen peroxide). These inhibitory effects provide evidence that intracellular copper reacts with resveratrol within cancer cells, resulting in DNA damage via the generation of reactive oxygen species. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that non-tumorigenic epithelial cell lines (MCF-10A) grown in media supplemented with copper are more susceptible to growth inhibition by resveratrol, as confirmed by the observed reduction in cell proliferation. Copper supplementation induces enhanced expression of the copper transporter CTR1 in MCF-10A cells, which is reduced by the addition of resveratrol to the media. The selective cell death of cancer cells generated by copper-mediated and ROS mechanisms may help to explain the anticancer properties of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Hudakova N, Mudronova D, Marcincakova D, Slovinska L, Majerova P, Maloveska M, Petrouskova P, Humenik F, Cizkova D. The role of primed and non-primed MSC-derived conditioned media in neuroregeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1241432. [PMID: 38025267 PMCID: PMC10656692 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1241432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction With growing significance in nervous system repair, mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned media (MSCCM) have been used in cell-free therapies in regenerative medicine. However, the immunomodulatory and neuroregenerative effects of MSCCM and the influence of priming on these effects are still poorly understood. Methods In this study, by various methods focused on cell viability, proliferation, neuron-like differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell migration and regrowth, we demonstrated that MSCCM derived from adipose tissue (AT-MSCCM) and amniotic membrane (AM-MSCCM) had different effects on SH-SY5Y cells. Results and discussion AT-MSCCM was found to have a higher proliferative capacity and the ability to impact neurite outgrowth during differentiation, while AM-MSCCM showed more pronounced immunomodulatory activity, migration, and re-growth of SH-SY5Y cells in the scratch model. Furthermore, priming of MSC with pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ) resulted in different proteomic profiles of conditioned media from both sources, which had the highest effect on SH-SY5Y proliferation and neurite outgrowth in terms of the length of neurites (pAT-MSCCM) compared to the control group (DMEM). Altogether, our results highlight the potential of primed and non-primed MSCCM as a therapeutic tool for neurodegenerative diseases, although some differences must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Hudakova
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dagmar Mudronova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dana Marcincakova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Slovinska
- Associated Tissue Bank, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University and Luis Pasteur University Hospital, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Petra Majerova
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marcela Maloveska
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Patricia Petrouskova
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Filip Humenik
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Dasa Cizkova
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Košice, Slovakia
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Gościniak A, Szulc P, Zielewicz W, Walkowiak J, Cielecka-Piontek J. Multidirectional Effects of Red Clover ( Trifolium pratense L.) in Support of Menopause Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:5178. [PMID: 37446841 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Red clover is a raw material of interest primarily due to its isoflavone content. However, other groups of compounds may affect the pleiotropic biological effects of this raw material. It is used to alleviate menopausal symptoms, but the fact that there are many varieties of this plant that can be grown makes it necessary to compare the biological activity and phytochemical composition of this plant. Also of interest are the differences between the leaves and flowers of the plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the properties of the leaves and flowers of six clover varieties-'Tenia', 'Atlantis', 'Milena', 'Magellan', 'Lemmon' and 'Lucrum'-with respect to their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, lipase, collagenase and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the contents of polyphenols and the four main isoflavones-genistein, daidzein, biochanin and formononetin-were assessed. The study was complemented by testing for permeability through a model membrane system (PAMPA). Principal component analysis (PCA) identified a relationship between activity and the content of active compounds. It was concluded that antioxidant activity, inhibition of glucosidase, collagenase and lipase are not correlated with isoflavone content. A higher content of total polyphenols (TPC) was determined in the flowers of red clover while a higher content of isoflavones was determined in the leaves of almost every variety. The exception is the 'Lemmon' variety, characterized by high isoflavone content and high activity in the tests conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gościniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Szulc
- Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
| | - Waldemar Zielewicz
- Department of Grassland and Natural Landscape Sciences, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jarosław Walkowiak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Motiejauskaitė D, Ullah S, Kundrotaitė A, Žvirdauskienė R, Bakšinskaitė A, Barčauskaitė K. Isolation of Biologically Active Compounds from Cannabis sativa L. Inflorescences by Using Different Extraction Solvents and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050998. [PMID: 37237864 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemp inflorescences are a source of vital compounds, including phytocannabinoids and other biologically active compounds. Various methods are adapted for the extraction of these vital compounds such as the use of different organic solvents. This study aimed to assess the comparative extraction potential of three different solvents: deionized water, 70% methanol (MeOH), and 2% Triton X-100, for phytochemicals in hemp inflorescences. Spectrophotometric techniques were applied to investigate the total amount of polyphenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoids contents (TF), phenolic acids (TPA), and radical scavenging activity (RSA) in hemp extracts obtained using different polarity solvents. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for cannabinoids and organic acids quantitative analysis. In the results, MeOH showed a better affinity for the recovery of TFC, TPA, and RSA in comparison to Triton X-100 and water. However, Triton X-100 performed better for TPC with 4-folds and 33% turnover compared to water and MeOH, respectively. Six cannabinoids (CBDVA, CBL, CBD, CBC, CBN, and CBG) were identified in hemp inflorescence extracts. The maximum determined concentration was as follows: CBD > CBC > CBG > CBDVA > CBL > CBN. Overall, fourteen organic acids were identified. Hemp inflorescence extracts obtained using 2% Triton X-100 showed an effect on all tested strains of microorganisms. Methanolic and aqueous extracts had antimicrobial activity against seven tested strains. On the other hand, the inhibition zones were wider for methanolic extracts compared to aqueous ones. Hemp aqua extract with antimicrobial activity might be used in various markets where toxic solvents are unwanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovilė Motiejauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai District, Lithuania
| | - Sana Ullah
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai District, Lithuania
| | - Algimanta Kundrotaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai District, Lithuania
| | - Renata Žvirdauskienė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai District, Lithuania
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-50254 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aušra Bakšinskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai District, Lithuania
| | - Karolina Barčauskaitė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai District, Lithuania
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Soto KM, Pérez Bueno JDJ, Mendoza López ML, Apátiga-Castro M, López-Romero JM, Mendoza S, Manzano-Ramírez A. Antioxidants in Traditional Mexican Medicine and Their Applications as Antitumor Treatments. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040482. [PMID: 37111239 PMCID: PMC10145960 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine in Latin America and mainly in Mexico represents an essential alternative for treating different diseases. The use of plants as medicine is the product of a rich cultural tradition of the indigenous peoples, in which a great variety of species are used for the treatment of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and mental diseases and some other sicknesses; the therapeutic efficacy that they possess is due to the properties that derive from the active ingredients of plants principally antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenes, and tannins. An antioxidant is a substance that, at low concentrations, delays or prevents substrate oxidation through the exchange of electrons. Different methods are used to determine the antioxidant activity and the most commonly used are described in the review. Cancer is a disease in which some cells multiply uncontrollably and spread to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis. These cells can lead to the formation of tumors, which are lumps of tissue that can be cancerous (malignant) or noncancerous (benign). Generally, the treatment of this disease consists of surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, which have side effects that decrease the quality of life of patients, so new treatments, focusing on natural resources such as plants, can be developed. This review aims to gather scientific evidence on the antioxidant compounds present in plants used in traditional Mexican medicine, specifically as antitumor treatment in the most common cancer types worldwide (e.g., breast, liver, and colorectal cancer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Soto
- Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Pérez Bueno
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, S.C., Parque Tecnológico, Querétaro-Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Santiago de Querétaro 76703, Mexico
| | - Maria Luisa Mendoza López
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Querétaro, Av. Tecnológico s/n, Esq. Mariano, Escobedo Colonia Centro, Santiago de Querétaro 76000, Mexico
| | - Miguel Apátiga-Castro
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 1-1010, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - José M López-Romero
- Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Sandra Mendoza
- Research and Graduate Program in Food Science, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Manzano-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N., Unidad Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
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Phytochemical-Based Evidence of the Health Benefits of Bidens Pilosa Extracts and Cytotoxicity. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-023-00626-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Bidens pilosa L. is traditionally used as a flavouring agent in foods, in the treatment of diseases, in agriculture as a biopesticide and herbicide, and in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. The vast range of uses of B. pilosa for a variety of purposes is questionable, hence motivating the objectives of this study, which are to assess the cytotoxicity, health benefits, and/or risks of B. pilosa using chemical-based evidence.
Methods
A real-time cell analysis (xCELLigence system), ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer, high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector, and chemical-based spectrophotometric methods were adopted in the study.
Results
High concentrations of the ethanol extracts exhibited cytotoxic activity on HepG2 (cancerous), and Vero (non-cancerous) cell lines, whereas the water extracts promoted cell proliferation at selected concentrations. The chemical profiling enabled the separation as well as characterisation of 137 phytochemicals. These were mainly phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty acids, coumarins, and furanocoumarins. There was no toxic compound identified.
Conclusion
The ethanol extracts are generally more potent and exhibit stronger antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity, probably due to the presence of more flavonoids and phenolic acids, validating the uses of B. pilosa and its relevance as a source of functional phytochemicals.
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Zhu Y, Gu W, Tian R, Li C, Ji Y, Li T, Wei C, Chen Z. Morphological, physiological, and secondary metabolic responses of Taraxacum officinale to salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 189:71-82. [PMID: 36055055 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress has a major effect on growth and secondary metabolism in medicinal plants, however, the effect of salt stress on Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg. is still scarce. In this study, we evaluated the effects of salt stress on the physiology, morphology, phenolic acid accumulation, and expression of genes involved in phenolic acid biosynthesis in T. officinale. We found that plants grew well at 1 g kg-1 NaCl, and the state of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) and the organization of the chloroplasts at 0.5 g kg-1 NaCl showed no significant differences compared with the control. However, 2 g kg-1 and 4 g kg-1 NaCl inhibited growth and accelerated leaf senescence. At 4 g kg-1 NaCl, the fresh and dry weights decreased to 28% and 42% of the control, while chlorosis and necrosis were observed on the leaves. Furthermore, up-regulation of the expression of ToC3'H corresponded with an increase in the levels of caffeoylquinic acids (chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid A) at NaCl concentration ≤ 1 g kg-1. Expressions of four phenolic acid biosynthesis genes, ToC4H, To4CL, ToHCT, and ToHQT, were down-regulated with increasing NaCl concentrations, consistent with the observed decreases in caftaric and cichoric acids. In summary, cultivation of T. officinale under mild salt stress (NaCl ≤ 1 g kg-1) is feasible and facilitates the accumulation of caffeoylquinic acids; thus this species may be recommended for saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Rong Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Li
- Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Jumpcan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, 8 Baotawan, Daqing West Road, Taixing, 25441, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenbin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziyun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Taraxacum officinale Essential Oil. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196477. [PMID: 36235013 PMCID: PMC9572089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Taraxacum officinale (TO) has been historically used for medicinal purposes due to its biological activity against specific disorders. To investigate the antioxidant and the antiproliferativepotential of TO essential oil in vitro and in vivo, the chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The in vivo antioxidant capacity was assessed on liver and kidney homogenate samples from mice subjected to acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and treated with TO essential oil (600 and 12,000 mg/kg BW) for 14 days. The in vitro scavenging activity was assayed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the reducing power methods. The cytotoxic effects against the HeLa cancer cell line were analyzed. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 34 compounds, 8 of which were identified as major constituents. The TO essential oil protected mice’s liver and kidneys from acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione) and lowering malondialdehyde levels. In vitro, the TO essential oil demonstrated low scavenging activity against DPPH (IC50 = 2.00 ± 0.05 mg/mL) and modest reducing power (EC50 = 0.963 ± 0.006 mg/mL). The growth of the HeLa cells was also reduced by the TO essential oil with an inhibition rate of 83.58% at 95 µg/mL. Current results reveal significant antioxidant and antiproliferative effects in a dose-dependent manner and suggest that Taraxacum officinale essential oil could be useful in formulations for cancer therapy.
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Li Y, Chen Y, Sun-Waterhouse D. The potential of dandelion in the fight against gastrointestinal diseases: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115272. [PMID: 35405251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber ex F. H. Wigg.), as a garden weed grown globally, has long been consumed as a therapeutic herb. Its folkloric uses include treatments of digestive disorders (dyspepsia, anorexia, stomach disorders, gastritis and enteritis) and associate complex ailments involving uterine, liver and lung disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aims to critically assess the current state of research and summarize the potential roles of dandelion and its constituents in gastrointestinal (GI) -protective actions. A focus is placed on the reported bioactive components, pharmacological activities and modes of action (including molecular mechanisms and interactions among bioactive substances) of dandelion products/preparations and derived active constituents related to GI protection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information published prior to August 2021 was reviewed via SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley On-line Library, and The Plant List. The search was based on the ethnomedical remedies, pharmacological activities, bioactive compounds of dandelion for GI protection, as well as the interactions of the components in dandelion with the gut microbiota or biological regulators, and with other ingested bioactive compounds. The key search words were "Taraxacum" and "dandelion". RESULTS T. coreanum Nakai, T. mongolicum and T. officinale are the most commonly used species for folkloric uses, with the whole plant, leaves and root of dandelion being used more frequently. GI-protective substances of dandelion include taraxasterol, taraxerol, caffeic acid, chicoric acid, chlorogenic acid, luteolin and its glucosides, polysaccharides, inulin, and β-sitosterol. Dandelion products and derived constituents exhibit pharmacological effects against GI disorders, mainly including dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, small intestinal ulcer, ulcerative colitis, liver diseases, gallstones, acute pancreatitis, and GI malignancy. The underlying molecular mechanisms may include immuno-inflammatory mechanisms, apoptosis mechanism, autophagy mechanism, and cholinergic mechanism, although interactions of dandelion's constituents with GI health-related biological entities (e.g., GI microbiota and associated biological modulators) or other ingested bioactive compounds shouldn't be ignored. CONCLUSION The review reveals some in vivo and in vitro studies on the potential of dandelion derived products as complementary and alternative medicines/therapeutics against GI disorders. The whole herb may alleviate some symptoms related GI immuno-inflammatory basing on the abundant anti-inflammatory and anti-oxide active substances. Dandelion root could be a nontoxic and effective anticancer alternative, owing to its abundant terpenoids and polysaccharides. However, research related to GI protective dandelion-derived products remains limited. Besides the need of identifying bioactive compounds/complexes in various dandelion species, more clinical studies are also required on the metabolism, bioavailability and safety of these substances to support their applications in food, medicine and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yilun Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag, 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Thakker AM, Sun D. Sustainable application of novel herbs on cotton fabrics as biomordants and colourants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47598-47616. [PMID: 35184243 PMCID: PMC9232471 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The textile industry is ambitiously parading towards circularity and curtailing its dependency on fossil fuels hence the instigated research that adheres to Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs) and benefits the environment and human health alike. The current research experimented with innovative sources of plant-based biomaterials namely dandelion leaves, bilberry leaves, nettle leaves, and violet herb for application on cotton fabric as biomordants and colourants. The AAS analysis of mild 6% herbal solution revealed ferrous content of 6.78 mg/l in violet herb and 5.03 mg/l of the copper content in dandelion leaves applicable on cotton fabrics as biomordants thereby preventing the depletion of copper and ferrous elements mineral ores. A fair lightfastness rating and good to very good wash and rub fastness test results were obtained individually. The maximum K/S value of 13.95 was gained on cotton fabrics treated with a mild herbal infusion of bilberry leaves and coloured with violet herbs. The ATR-FTIR peak analysis noted strong = C-H bend of alkenes, strong C = O stretch of α and β unsaturated esters, and strong C-O stretch of carboxylic acids functional groups in raw herbs and its treated cotton fabrics. The dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and potential of Hydrogen (pH) values were found in the acceptable range for all the spent solutions left after colouration of cotton fabrics with violet herbs hence sustainable. The data set obtained was statistically validated with ANOVA one-way test. Life cycle analysis and clinical investigation on potential therapeutic benefits of herbal fabrics to the wearer are suggested for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Madhukar Thakker
- School of Textile and Design, Heriot-Watt University, TD1 3HF, Scottish Borders, UK.
| | - Danmei Sun
- School of Textile and Design, Heriot-Watt University, TD1 3HF, Scottish Borders, UK
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A green ultrasonic-assisted micellar extraction coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array method for quantitative analysis of active ingredients in Yangxinshi Tablet. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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The Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Five Vegetal Extracts with Hepatoprotective Potential. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131680. [PMID: 35807632 PMCID: PMC9269044 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is among the major triggers for many important human functional disorders, which often lead to various metabolic or tissue diseases. The aim of the study is to obtain five standardized vegetal extracts (Cynarae extractum—CE, Rosmarini extractum—RE, Taraxaci extractum—TE, Cichorii extractum—CHE, and Agrimoniae extractum—AE) that contain active principles with an essential role in protecting liver cells against free radicals and quantify their antioxidant actions. The compounds of therapeutic interest from the analyzed extracts were identified and quantified using the UHPLC–HRMS/MS technique. Thus, the resulting identified compounds were 28 compounds in CE, 48 compounds in RE, 39 compounds in TE, 43 compounds in CHE, and 31 compounds in AE. These compounds belong to the class of flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolic acids and dicarboxylic acids, depsides, diterpenes, triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, proanthocyanidins, or coumarin derivatives. From the major polyphenolic compounds quantified in all the extracts analyzed by UHPLC–HRMS/MS, considerable amounts have been found for chlorogenic acid (619.8 µg/g extract for TE–2032.4 µg/g extract for AE), rutoside (105.1 µg/g extract for RE–1724.7 µg/g extract for AE), kaempferol (243 µg/g extract for CHE–2028.4 µg/g extract for CE), and for naringenin (383 µg/g extract for CHE–1375.8 µg/g extract for AE). The quantitative chemical analysis showed the highest content of total phenolic acids for AE (24.1528 ± 1.1936 g chlorogenic acid/100 g dry extract), the highest concentration of flavones for RE (6.0847 ± 0.3025 g rutoside/100 g dry extract), and the richest extract in total polyphenols with 31.7017 ± 1.2211 g tannic acid equivalent/100 g dry extract for AE. Several methods (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) have been used to determine the in vitro total antioxidant activity of the extracts to evaluate their free radical scavenging ability, influenced by the identified compounds. As a result, the correlation between the content of the polyphenolic compounds and the antioxidant effect of the extracts has been demonstrated. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing the antiradical capacity within the study groups. Although all the analyzed extracts showed good IC50 values, which may explain their antihepatotoxic effects, the highest antioxidant activity was obtained for Agrimoniae extractum (IC50ABTS = 0.0147 mg/mL) and the lowest antioxidant activity was obtained for Cynarae extractum (IC50ABTS = 0.1588 mg/mL). Furthermore, the hepatoprotective potential was evaluated in silico by predicting the interactions between the determined phytochemicals and key molecular targets relevant to liver disease pathophysiology. Finally, the evaluation of the pharmacognostic and phytochemical properties of the studied extracts validates their use as adjuvants in phytotherapy, as they reduce oxidative stress and toxin accumulation and thus exert a hepatoprotective effect at the cellular level.
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Efficiency of Multiple Extraction Solvents on Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Phytotoxic Potential of Taraxacum officinale (L.) Weber ex F.H. Wigg. from Poonch Valley, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5118553. [PMID: 35698643 PMCID: PMC9188473 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5118553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Different parts of Taraxacum officinale (L.) were used in traditional medicine in various parts of the world for the treatment of health problems, and they possess significant biological activities. The present study aimed to estimate phytochemical and biological activities of T. officinale using different extraction solvents. Methods Methanolic, acetone, and n-hexane extracts of selected species were prepared, and ten secondary metabolites were examined using standard protocols. The antioxidant activity was performed using three in vitro methods, namely, DPPH assay, total reducing power (TRP) assay, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Toxicological analysis was done using the brine shrimp cytotoxic assay and radish seed phytotoxic assay. Results The T. officinale methanolic extract showed the highest phenolic (178.27 ± 17.17 mg/GAE/g) and flavonoid (18.50 ± 1.64 mg QE/g) contents. Similarly, the methanolic extract also revealed the highest DPPH activity (32.80 ± 9.66 IC50), reducing potential (0.53 ± 0.02 mg/g), and TAC (19.42 ± 0.97 mg/g) as compared to the acetone and n-hexane extracts. The Pearson correlation analysis confirmed a strong positive correlation (r > 0.9) between total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and all antioxidant assays. Furthermore, a heat map displayed the methanolic extract (red color) as a valuable source of phytochemicals and antioxidant agents. Moreover, the T. officinale methanolic extract also showed the highest (7.12 ppm) cytotoxic potential whereas both methanolic and acetone extracts were revealed as moderate phytotoxic agents when compared with the standard. Conclusion The T. officinale methanolic extract exhibited comparatively notable phytochemicals that are actively involved in antioxidant activities and possess toxicological properties. This upholds the folkloric use of T. officinale as a possible source to develop natural plant-based drugs. Further investigations to isolate bioactive compounds and elements and on their safety need to be conducted.
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Brito LD, Araujo CDS, Cavalcante DGSM, Gomes AS, Zocoler MA, Yoshihara E, Job AE, Kerche LE. In vivo assessment of antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and antimutagenic effects of bark ethanolic extract from Spondias purpurea L. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:336-352. [PMID: 34903147 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.2013373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have always been used for therapeutic purposes; however, some plants may contain toxic and mutagenic substances. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and antimutagenic effects of the bark ethanolic extract of Spondias purpurea L. using male and female Swiss albino mice. To determine the protective effects of the extract, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and cyclophosphamide (CP) were selected as cell damage inducers. The extract was examined at doses of 500, 1000, or 1500 mg/kg body weight (BW)via gavage alone or concomitant with B[a]P or CP. Oxidative stress was measured by quantification of blood catalase activity (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in total blood, liver, and kidney, and concentrations of malondiadehyde (MDA) in liver and kidney. Genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity were evaluated by the comet assay using peripheral blood. Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and antimutagenicity were determined utilizing the micronucleus test in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The S. purpurea L extract increased CAT activity and GSH levels accompanied by a decrease in MDA levels after treatment with B[a]P and CP. No genotoxic, cytotoxic, or mutagenic effects were found in mice exposed only to the extract. These results indicate that the extract of S. purpurea exhibited protective effects against oxidative and DNA damage induced by B[a]P and CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorrane Davi Brito
- Faculdade de Artes, Ciências, Letras E Educação, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Caroline de Souza Araujo
- Faculdade de Artes, Ciências, Letras E Educação, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Silva Gomes
- Departamento de Física, Química E Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Eidi Yoshihara
- Department of Animal Health, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia Dos Agronegócios (Apta), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Aldo Eloizo Job
- Departamento de Física, Química E Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Leandra Ernst Kerche
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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The Effect of Adding Spices to Green Walnut Tinctures on Their Polyphenolic Profile, Antioxidant Capacity and Action on Renal Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Green walnuts—unripe fruits of Juglans regia L. are known for their many biological activities and therapeutic potential. Tinctures based on unripe walnuts (samples 1 and 2) and tinctures with the addition of spices (ginger, cloves, bay leaves, juniper fruit: samples 3–6) were tested for polyphenol profile and antioxidant capacity. The effect on a normal monkey kidney epithelial cell line (VERO) was evaluated. For monitoring the changes in cell proliferation, real-time cell analysis (xCELLigence system) was employed and cell viability was measured by the MTS test. All tinctures showed the presence of polyphenols, mainly phenolic acids, flavonoids, and naphthoquinones, and in the sample with cloves, eugenol was found. Addition of spices increased the antioxidant capacity. Tinctures show a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect. The lowest concentrations (125 µg mL−1) of both tinctures without additives (1 and 2) and with bay leaves (4) did not adversely affect (p > 0.05) and even supported cell proliferation (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control cells without treatment. Viability was lower in all cells except for the cells treated with tincture with cloves addition (p > 0.05). It indicates the beneficial effect of cloves enrichment and supports the assumption that the appropriate dosage of tinctures is necessary to be safe for the consumers.
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Potential Role of Agrimonia eupatoria L. Extract in Cell Protection Against Toxicity Induced by Bisphenol A. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2022-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the potentially protective role of ethanolic extract of agrimony (Agrimonia eupatoria L.) against the cytotoxic effect of bisphenol A (BPA) in vitro, using an intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-1). The cells were exposed to different concentrations of BPA: 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg.ml–1 alone and in combination with agrimony extract (250 µg.ml–1). The proliferative cell response was monitored for 72 h by a xCELLigence system or real-time cell analyser (RTCA), recorded as the cell index (CI) and expressed as a proliferative activity (% PA) compared to the control cells without treatment. The metabolic activity was measured by a MTS colorimetric test, performed after 48 h of treatment with the tested substances. The cytotoxic effect on cells exposed to BPA alone, in comparison to the control cells without treatment, was observed in both assays (P < 0.0001). It was confirmed that BPA reduces both the metabolic activity and the proliferation of cells. After the cell treatment with agrimony, the metabolic activity had increased to reach over the control (101.52 %), while reducing the proliferation of the cells. The protective role of agrimony against cytotoxicity caused by BPA was observed after cell treatment with agrimony in combination with lower concentrations of BPA (12.5; 25 and 50 µg.ml–1). The slight improvement in the adherence was observed in cells treated with these combinations, in comparison to the cells treated with BPA alone. On the other hand, the metabolic activity was slightly improved in cells treated with a combination of agrimony and BPA at higher concentrations (50 a 100 µg.ml–1). This supported our assumption that agrimony can protect a model organism against cytotoxicity caused by BPA.
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Olas B. New Perspectives on the Effect of Dandelion, Its Food Products and Other Preparations on the Cardiovascular System and Its Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071350. [PMID: 35405963 PMCID: PMC9002813 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the leading cause of death for over 20 years. The main causative factors are believed to be high cholesterol, obesity, smoking, diabetes, and a lack of physical activity. One of the most commonly used treatments is a combination of anticoagulant and antithrombotic therapy; however, it often causes unwanted side effects. The European Society of Cardiology, therefore, recommends a prophylactic strategy, including a varied diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants; all of which are sources of natural compounds with antiplatelet, anticoagulant, or antioxidant activities, such as phenolic compounds. One such plant with multidirectional health-promoting effects and a rich source of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, is dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). The present mini-review presents the current state of knowledge concerning the effects of dandelion consumption on the cardiovascular system and CVDs based on various in vitro and in vivo trials; it discusses the value of dandelion as a food product, as well as extracts and pure compounds, such as chicoric acid, which can be obtained from the various plant organs. The paper also sheds new light on the mechanisms involved in this activity and describes the cardioprotective potential of dandelion products and preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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Stanković M, Arsenijević D, Planojević N, Terzić J, Stefanović O. Bioactive compounds from Taraxacum officinale extracts obtained by optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction. KRAGUJEVAC JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/kgjsci2244169s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the extraction of plant species Taraxacum officinale (F. H. Wigg) was optimized providing the maximum extraction of phenolic compounds using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimum extraction parameters were as follows: extraction temperature of 60°C, extraction time of 30 min and 1:32.7 g/mL solid-liquid ratio for ethanol extract, and 60°C, 30 min, 1:14.2 g/mL ratio for acetone extract. The optimized extracts exhibited different biological activities. Ethanol extract showed better DPPH radicals scavenging activity and reducing power compared to acetone extract. The extracts had low antibacterial activity. In addition, the extracts had no effect on the healthy MRC-5 cell line, while acetone extract reduced the viability of HCT-116 carcinoma cells. This paper provides a basis for further research on the optimization of dandelion extraction under different conditions and testing the bioactivity of this medicinal plant.
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Hosseini Shekarabi SP, Mostafavi ZS, Mehrgan MS, Islami HR. Dietary supplementation with dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) flower extract provides immunostimulation and resistance against Streptococcus iniae infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 118:180-187. [PMID: 34506883 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dandelion flower is a well-known phytomedicine due to its therapeutic effects on dyspepsia, bile duct disorders, spleen and liver complaints, and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to assess the effect of dietary dandelion flower extract (DFE) on skin mucosal and humoral immunity, immune-related gene expression, and disease resistance in rainbow trout. The fingerlings (N = 300, 20.1 ± 0.9 g) were randomly assigned to 15 tanks and fed with different levels of DEF including 0 (control), 1, 2, 3, and 4 g/kg for 56 days. At the end of the trial, the total leukocyte and lymphocyte counts were significantly enhanced in DFE-added groups compared to the control group. Complement components, immunoglobulin M, total protein, and lysozyme showed significantly higher values in the fish treated with dietary DFE at 3 g/kg than others (P < 0.05). The enzymatic activities of the skin mucus samples in the fish fed dietary levels of DFE were significantly higher than the control fish. Skin mucus protein was also improved significantly in 2 and 3 g/kg DFE compared to others. The transcription levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 genes were up-regulated in the fish fed with 3 and 4 g/kg DFE. Interleukin-8 and lysozyme gene expression levels were elevated in 3 g/kg DFE group compared to the control group. Fish mortality after challenging with Streptococcus iniae was significantly reduced from 43.33% in the control group to 73.33% in 3 g/kg DFE group. This study confirmed the beneficial effects of DFE as an immunostimulant in rainbow trout diet and the recommended dose of DFE is 2.49-2.74 g/kg based on the polynomial regression models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zeinab Sadat Mostafavi
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shamsaie Mehrgan
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Houman Rajabi Islami
- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Nanomicellar Extraction of Polyphenols-Methodology and Applications Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111392. [PMID: 34768823 PMCID: PMC8584012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of the appropriate extraction method is crucial, especially for the receiving of active substances from plant material. The extraction using supercritical liquids and micellar-mediated extraction (MME) is the most advantageous among the alternative methods to classical solid-liquid extraction. However, the latter seems to be the best solution when the desired actives are polar. The following article presents a comprehensive review of the micellar-mediated extraction method in the last decade. The theoretical principle of the process was also refreshed and the current state of knowledge on the applications for analytical and manufacturing purposes was summarized.
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Pfingstgraf IO, Taulescu M, Pop RM, Orăsan R, Vlase L, Uifalean A, Todea D, Alexescu T, Toma C, Pârvu AE. Protective Effects of Taraxacum officinale L. (Dandelion) Root Extract in Experimental Acute on Chronic Liver Failure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:504. [PMID: 33804908 PMCID: PMC8063808 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taraxacum officinale (TO) or dandelion has been frequently used to prevent or treat different liver diseases because of its rich composition in phytochemicals with demonstrated effect against hepatic injuries. This study aimed to investigate the possible preventing effect of ethanolic TO root extract (TOERE) on a rat experimental acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) model. METHODS Chronic liver failure (CLF) was induced by human serum albumin, and ACLF was induced in CLF by D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide (D-Gal-LPS). Five groups (n = 5) of male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were used: ACLF, ACLF-silymarin (200 mg/kg b.w./day), three ACLF-TO administered in three doses (200 mg, 100 mg, 50 mg/kg b.w./day). RESULTS The in vivo results showed that treatment with TOERE administered in three chosen doses before ACLF induction reduced serum liver injury markers (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin), renal tests (creatinine, urea), and oxidative stress tests (TOS, OSI, MDA, NO, 3NT). Histopathologically, TOERE diminished the level of liver tissue injury and 3NT immunoexpression. CONCLUSIONS This paper indicated oxidative stress reduction as possible mechanisms for the hepatoprotective effect of TOERE in ACLF and provided evidence for the preventive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Olimpia Pfingstgraf
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.O.P.); (A.U.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Marian Taulescu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Synevovet Laboratory, 021408 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Remus Orăsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Laurian Vlase
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ana Uifalean
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.O.P.); (A.U.); (A.E.P.)
| | - Doina Todea
- Department of Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Teodora Alexescu
- 4th Medical Clinic, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Corina Toma
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alina Elena Pârvu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.O.P.); (A.U.); (A.E.P.)
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do Carmo MAV, Granato D, Azevedo L. Antioxidant/pro-oxidant and antiproliferative activities of phenolic-rich foods and extracts: A cell-based point of view. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 98:253-280. [PMID: 34507644 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds have demonstrated several in vitro beneficial properties by acting as antioxidant and pro-oxidant agents. This chapter approaches the relationship among oxidative stress, cancer, phenolic compounds and antiproliferative activity. Moreover, it discusses in vitro techniques and their biological applications, regarding cell viability and intracellular measure of reactive oxygen assays. The in vitro methods are important tools for screening and understanding the pathways involved on antiproliferative and antioxidant/pro-oxidant effects of phenolic compounds. These findings open avenues for the development of innovative food, chemical structures, technological applications and future perspectives in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Federal University of Alfenas, Nutrition Faculty, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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Sowa P, Marcinčáková D, Miłek M, Sidor E, Legáth J, Dżugan M. Analysis of Cytotoxicity of Selected Asteraceae Plant Extracts in Real Time, Their Antioxidant Properties and Polyphenolic Profile. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235517. [PMID: 33255596 PMCID: PMC7728153 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants from Asteraceae family are widely used for their therapeutic effects in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, but the consequences of excessive intake still need to be studied. The aims of this study were the evaluation of cytotoxicity, measurement of antioxidant properties and determination of polyphenolic profile of Tanacetum vulgare L. (tansy), Achillea millefolium L. (yarrow) and Solidago gigantea Ait. (goldenrod) ethanolic extracts. The cytotoxicity of extracts was monitored by xCELLigence system in real time by using porcine intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-1) and by measurement of changes in metabolic activity ((3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) (MTS) assay). The antioxidant properties were measured by spectrophotometric methods and polyphenolic profiles were determined by HPLC-DAD for 50% ethanol extracts (10% w/v). Strong cytotoxic effect was recorded for tansy and yarrow extracts (125-1000 µg/mL) by xCELLigence system and MTS assay. Conversely, a supportive effect on cell proliferation was recorded for goldenrod extracts (125 µg/mL) by the same methods (p < 0.001). The antioxidant activity was in good correlation with total polyphenolic content, and the highest value was recorded for goldenrod leaves, followed by tansy leaves, goldenrod flowers and yarrow leaf extracts. The goldenrod extracts were abundant with flavonoids, whereas phenolic acid derivatives predominated in the polyphenolic profile of tansy and yarrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Sowa
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklińskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.M.); (E.S.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-17-785-4820
| | - Dana Marcinčáková
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (D.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Michał Miłek
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklińskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.M.); (E.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Ewelina Sidor
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklińskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.M.); (E.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Jaroslav Legáth
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (D.M.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dżugan
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklińskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.M.); (E.S.); (M.D.)
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Duan L, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Chang Y, Guo L. Comparison of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Different Parts of Taraxacum mongolicum. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25143260. [PMID: 32708908 PMCID: PMC7397316 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbs derived from Taraxacum genus have been used as traditional medicines and food supplements in China for hundreds of years. Taraxacum mongolicum is a famous traditional Chinese medicine derived from Taraxacum genus for the treatment of inflammatory disorders and viral infectious diseases. In the present study, the bioactive phenolic chemical profiles and antioxidant activities of flowers, leaves, and roots of Taraxacum mongolicum were investigated. Firstly, a high performance liquid chromatography method combined with segmental monitoring strategy was employed to simultaneously determine six bioactive phenolic compounds in Taraxacum mongolicum samples. Moreover, multivariate statistical analysis, including hierarchical clustering analysis, principal component analysis, and partial least squares discriminant analysis were performed to compare and discriminate different parts of Taraxacum mongolicum based on the quantitative data. The results showed that three phenolic compounds, caftaric acid, caffeic acid, and luteolin, could be regarded as chemical markers for the differences of flowers, leaves, and roots of Taraxacum mongolicum. In parallel, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities of different parts of Taraxacum mongolicum were also evaluated and compared. It is clear that Taraxacum mongolicum had antioxidant properties, and the antioxidant capacities of different parts of Taraxacum mongolicum in three antioxidant assays showed a similar tendency: Flowers ≈ leaves > roots, which revealed a positive relationship with their total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Furthermore, to find the potential antioxidant components of Taraxacum mongolicum, the latent relationships of the six bioactive phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of Taraxacum mongolicum were investigated by Pearson correlation analysis. The results indicated caftaric acid and caffeic acid could be the potential antioxidant ingredients of Taraxacum mongolicum. The present work may facilitate better understanding of differences of bioactive phenolic constituents and antioxidant activities of different parts of Taraxacum mongolicum and provide useful information for utilization of this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Duan
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (L.D.); (C.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chenmeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (L.D.); (C.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (L.D.); (C.Z.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
| | - Long Guo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0311-8992-6017
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26
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Biogenic synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of direct yellow-142 and methyl orange dyes. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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