1
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Manning MC, Holcomb RE, Payne RW, Stillahn JM, Connolly BD, Katayama DS, Liu H, Matsuura JE, Murphy BM, Henry CS, Crommelin DJA. Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals: Recent Advances. Pharm Res 2024:10.1007/s11095-024-03726-x. [PMID: 38937372 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
There have been significant advances in the formulation and stabilization of proteins in the liquid state over the past years since our previous review. Our mechanistic understanding of protein-excipient interactions has increased, allowing one to develop formulations in a more rational fashion. The field has moved towards more complex and challenging formulations, such as high concentration formulations to allow for subcutaneous administration and co-formulation. While much of the published work has focused on mAbs, the principles appear to apply to any therapeutic protein, although mAbs clearly have some distinctive features. In this review, we first discuss chemical degradation reactions. This is followed by a section on physical instability issues. Then, more specific topics are addressed: instability induced by interactions with interfaces, predictive methods for physical stability and interplay between chemical and physical instability. The final parts are devoted to discussions how all the above impacts (co-)formulation strategies, in particular for high protein concentration solutions.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan E Holcomb
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Robert W Payne
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joshua M Stillahn
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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2
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van Haaren C, Byrne B, Kazarian SG. Study of Monoclonal Antibody Aggregation at the Air-Liquid Interface under Flow by ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5858-5868. [PMID: 38445553 PMCID: PMC10956494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Throughout bioprocessing, transportation, and storage, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) experience stress conditions that may cause protein unfolding and/or chemical modifications. Such structural changes may lead to the formation of aggregates, which reduce mAb potency and may cause harmful immunogenic responses in patients. Therefore, aggregates need to be detected and removed or ideally prevented from forming. Air-liquid interfaces, which arise during various stages of bioprocessing, are one of the stress factors causing mAb aggregation. In this study, the behavior of an immunoglobulin G (IgG) at the air-liquid interface was investigated under flow using macro attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic imaging. This chemically specific imaging technique allows observation of adsorption of IgG to the air-liquid interface and detection of associated secondary structural changes. Chemical images revealed that IgG rapidly accumulated around an injected air bubble under flow at 45 °C; however, no such increase was observed at 25 °C. Analysis of the second derivative spectra of IgG at the air-liquid interface revealed changes in the protein secondary structure associated with increased intermolecular β-sheet content, indicative of aggregated IgG. The addition of 0.01% w/v polysorbate 80 (PS80) reduced the amount of IgG at the air-liquid interface in a static setup at 30 °C; however, this protective effect was lost at 45 °C. These results suggest that the presence of air-liquid interfaces under flow may be detrimental to mAb stability at elevated temperatures and demonstrate the power of ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging for studying the structural integrity of mAbs under bioprocessing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline van Haaren
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Bernadette Byrne
- Department
of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Sergei G. Kazarian
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College
London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
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3
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Escobar ELN, Vaclaw MC, Lozenski JT, Dhar P. Using Passive Microrheology to Measure the Evolution of the Rheological Properties of NIST mAb Formulations during Adsorption to the Air-Water Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4789-4800. [PMID: 38379175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The development of novel protein-based therapeutics, such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), is often limited due to challenges associated with maintaining the stability of these formulations during manufacturing, storage, and clinical administration. An undesirable consequence of the instability of protein therapeutics is the formation of protein particles. MAbs can adsorb to interfaces and have the potential to undergo partial unfolding as well as to form viscoelastic gels. Further, the viscoelastic properties may be correlated with their aggregation potential. In this work, a passive microrheology technique was used to correlate the evolution of surface adsorption with the evolution of surface rheology of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) mAb reference material (NIST mAb) and interface-induced subvisible protein particle formation. The evolution of the surface adsorption and interfacial shear rheological properties of the NIST mAb was recorded in four formulation conditions: two different buffers (histidine vs phosphate-buffered saline) and two different pHs (6.0 and 7.6). Our results together demonstrate the existence of multiple stages for both surface adsorption and surface rheology, characterized by an induction period that appears to be purely viscous, followed by a sharp increase in protein molecules at the interface when the film rheology is viscoelastic and ultimately a slowdown in the surface adsorption that corresponds to the formation of solid-like or glassy films at the interface. When the transitions between the different stages occurred, they were dependent on the buffer/pH of the formulations. The onset of these transitions can also be correlated to the number of protein particles formed at the interface. Finally, the addition of polysorbate 80, an FDA-approved surfactant used to mitigate protein particle formation, led to the interface being surfactant-dominated, and the resulting interface remained purely viscous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estephanie Laura Nottar Escobar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530W 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - M Coleman Vaclaw
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530W 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Joseph T Lozenski
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530W 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Prajnaparamita Dhar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530W 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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4
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Luo M, Zhang M, Chi C, Chen G. Affinity-assisted covalent self-assembly of PduQ-SpyTag and Nox-SpyCatcher to construct multi-enzyme complexes on the surface of magnetic microsphere modified with chelated Ni 2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129365. [PMID: 38218263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
It is of great significance to study the effect of multi-enzyme aggregation behavior at the interface on the formation of multi-enzyme complexes and their co-catalytic characteristics, which is helpful for us to design and construct immobilized multi-enzyme complex systems for in vitro synthetic biology. Here, a magnetic microsphere with chelated Ni2+, was prepared to explore the self-assembly characteristics of PduQ-SpyTag (P-T) and Nox-SpyCatcher (NC) on its surface, based on the mixed interaction mode consisting the affinity of His-tag/Ni2+ and covalent binding of SpyTag/SpyCatcher. After studying the effect of saturated or unsaturated adsorption of P-T on the covalent binding between P-T and NC at the interface, a possible multienzyme interaction mechanism for the affinity-assisted covalent self-assembly on the Ni2+ chelating surface was proposed. The time evolution of NADH showed that the immobilized P-T/N-C complex formed by this method and the free P-T/N-C complex exhibited similar synergistic catalytic properties, and presented higher catalytic efficiency than the simple mixing of P-T and NC. The optimal catalytic conditions, stability and reusability of the immobilized multi-enzyme complexes prepared in this study were also discussed by comparing them with free enzymes. In this study, we demonstrate a simple and effective strategy for self-assembling SpyTag/SpyCatcher fusion proteins on the surface of magnetic beads, which is inspiring for the construction of more cascade enzyme systems at the interface. It provides a new method for facilitating the rapid construction of immobilized multi-enzyme complexes in vitro from the crude cell lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianxing Luo
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Jimei Ave. 668, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Jimei Ave. 668, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Changbiao Chi
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Jimei Ave. 668, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Jimei Ave. 668, Xiamen 361021, China.
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5
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Saurabh S, Zhang Q, Li Z, Seddon JM, Kalonia C, Lu JR, Bresme F. Mechanistic Insights into the Adsorption of Monoclonal Antibodies at the Water/Vapor Interface. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:704-717. [PMID: 38194618 PMCID: PMC10848294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are active components of therapeutic formulations that interact with the water-vapor interface during manufacturing, storage, and administration. Surface adsorption has been demonstrated to mediate antibody aggregation, which leads to a loss of therapeutic efficacy. Controlling mAb adsorption at interfaces requires a deep understanding of the microscopic processes that lead to adsorption and identification of the protein regions that drive mAb surface activity. Here, we report all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the adsorption behavior of a full IgG1-type antibody at the water/vapor interface. We demonstrate that small local changes in the protein structure play a crucial role in promoting adsorption. Also, interfacial adsorption triggers structural changes in the antibody, potentially contributing to the further enhancement of surface activity. Moreover, we identify key amino acid sequences that determine the adsorption of antibodies at the water-air interface and outline strategies to control the surface activity of these important therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Saurabh
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research
Hub Imperial College, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Qinkun Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research
Hub Imperial College, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Zongyi Li
- Biological
Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - John M. Seddon
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research
Hub Imperial College, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Cavan Kalonia
- Dosage
Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceutical Development, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Jian R. Lu
- Biological
Physics Group, School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, the University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Fernando Bresme
- Department
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research
Hub Imperial College, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
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6
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Vitharana S, Stillahn JM, Katayama DS, Henry CS, Manning MC. Application of Formulation Principles to Stability Issues Encountered During Processing, Manufacturing, and Storage of Drug Substance and Drug Product Protein Therapeutics. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2724-2751. [PMID: 37572779 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The field of formulation and stabilization of protein therapeutics has become rather extensive. However, most of the focus has been on stabilization of the final drug product. Yet, proteins experience stress and degradation through the manufacturing process, starting with fermentaition. This review describes how formulation principles can be applied to stabilize biopharmaceutical proteins during bioprocessing and manufacturing, considering each unit operation involved in prepration of the drug substance. In addition, the impact of the container on stabilty is discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua M Stillahn
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO 80534, USA; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO 80534, USA; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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7
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Thite NG, Ghazvini S, Wallace N, Feldman N, Calderon CP, Randolph TW. Interfacial Adsorption Controls Particle Formation in Antibody Formulations Subjected to Extensional Flows and Hydrodynamic Shear. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2766-2777. [PMID: 37453529 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
During their manufacturing and delivery to patients, therapeutic proteins are commonly exposed to various interfaces and to hydrodynamic shear forces. Although adsorption of proteins to solid-liquid interfaces is known to foster formation of protein aggregates and particles, the impact of shear remains controversial, in part because of experimental challenges in separating the effects of shear from those caused by simultaneous exposure to interfaces. Extensional flows (occurring when solutions flow through sudden contractions) exert localized elongational forces that have been suspected to be damaging to proteins. In this work, we measured aggregation and particle formation in formulations of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies subjected to extensional flow, high shear (105 s-1) and exposure to stainless-steel/water interfaces. Modification of the surface charge at the stainless steel/water interface changed protein adsorption characteristics without altering shear profiles, enabling shear and interfacial interactions to be separated. Even under conditions where antibodies were subjected to high hydrodynamic shear and extensional flow, production of subvisible particles could be inhibited by modifying the stainless-steel surface charge to minimize antibody adsorption. Digital images of particles recorded by flow imaging microscopy (FIM) and analyzed with machine learning algorithms were consistent with a particle formation mechanism by which antibodies adsorb and aggregate at the stainless-steel/water interface and subsequently form particles when shear displaces the interfacial aggregates, transporting them into the bulk solution. Topographical differences measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM) supported the proposed mechanism by showing reduced levels of protein adsorption on surface-charge-modified stainless-steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi G Thite
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | | | | | | | - Christopher P Calderon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Ursa Analytics, Denver, CO 80212, United States
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States.
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8
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Ruane S, Li Z, Hollowell P, Hughes A, Warwicker J, Webster JRP, van der Walle CF, Kalonia C, Lu JR. Investigating the Orientation of an Interfacially Adsorbed Monoclonal Antibody and Its Fragments Using Neutron Reflection. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1643-1656. [PMID: 36795985 PMCID: PMC9996827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial adsorption is a molecular process occurring during the production, purification, transport, and storage of antibodies, with a direct impact on their structural stability and subsequent implications on their bioactivities. While the average conformational orientation of an adsorbed protein can be readily determined, its associated structures are more complex to characterize. Neutron reflection has been used in this work to investigate the conformational orientations of the monoclonal antibody COE-3 and its Fab and Fc fragments at the oil/water and air/water interfaces. Rigid body rotation modeling was found to be suitable for globular and relatively rigid proteins such as the Fab and Fc fragments but less so for relatively flexible proteins such as full COE-3. Fab and Fc fragments adopted a 'flat-on' orientation at the air/water interface, minimizing the thickness of the protein layer, but they adopted a substantially tilted orientation at the oil/water interface with increased layer thickness. In contrast, COE-3 was found to adsorb in tilted orientations at both interfaces, with one fragment protruding into the solution. This work demonstrates that rigid-body modeling can provide additional insights into protein layers at various interfaces relevant to bioprocess engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Ruane
- Biological Physics Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Schuster Building, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Zongyi Li
- Biological Physics Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Schuster Building, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Peter Hollowell
- Biological Physics Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Schuster Building, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Arwel Hughes
- ISIS Neutron Facility, STFC, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0QZ, U.K
| | - Jim Warwicker
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | | | | | - Cavan Kalonia
- Dosage Form Design and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Jian R Lu
- Biological Physics Laboratory, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Schuster Building, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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9
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Mieczkowski C, Zhang X, Lee D, Nguyen K, Lv W, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Way J, Gries JM. Blueprint for antibody biologics developability. MAbs 2023; 15:2185924. [PMID: 36880643 PMCID: PMC10012935 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2185924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Large-molecule antibody biologics have revolutionized medicine owing to their superior target specificity, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, safety and toxicity profiles, and amenability to versatile engineering. In this review, we focus on preclinical antibody developability, including its definition, scope, and key activities from hit to lead optimization and selection. This includes generation, computational and in silico approaches, molecular engineering, production, analytical and biophysical characterization, stability and forced degradation studies, and process and formulation assessments. More recently, it is apparent these activities not only affect lead selection and manufacturability, but ultimately correlate with clinical progression and success. Emerging developability workflows and strategies are explored as part of a blueprint for developability success that includes an overview of the four major molecular properties that affect all developability outcomes: 1) conformational, 2) chemical, 3) colloidal, and 4) other interactions. We also examine risk assessment and mitigation strategies that increase the likelihood of success for moving the right candidate into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Mieczkowski
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Xuejin Zhang
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Dana Lee
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Jackie Way
- Department of Protein Sciences, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Gries
- President, Discovery Research, Hengenix Biotech, Inc, Milpitas, CA, USA
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10
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Whitaker N, Pace SE, Merritt K, Tadros M, Khossravi M, Deshmukh S, Cheng Y, Joshi SB, Volkin DB, Dhar P. Developability Assessments of Monoclonal Antibody Candidates to Minimize Aggregation During Large-Scale Ultrafiltration and Diafiltration (UF-DF) Processing. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2998-3008. [PMID: 35940242 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins are subjected to a variety of stresses during manufacturing, storage or administration, that often lead to undesired protein aggregation and particle formation. Ultrafiltration-diafiltration (UF-DF) processing of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is one such manufacturing step that has been shown to result in such physical degradation. In this work, we explore the use of different analytical techniques and lab-scale setups as methodologies to predict and rank-order the aggregation potential of four different mAbs during large-scale UF-DF processing. In the first part of the study, a suite of biophysical techniques was applied to assess differences in their inherent bulk protein properties including conformational and colloidal stability in a PBS buffer. Additionally, the inherent interfacial properties of these mAbs in PBS were measured using a Langmuir trough technique. In the next part of the study, several different scale-down lab models were evaluated including a lab bench-scale UF-DF setup, mechanical stress (shaking/stirring) studies in vials, and application of interfacial dilatational stress using a Langmuir trough to assess protein particle formation in different UF-DF processing buffers. Taken together, our results demonstrate the ability of a Langmuir-trough methodology to accurately predict the mAb instability profile observed during large scale UF-DF processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal Whitaker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Samantha E Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; Department of Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc., 3551 Lawrenceville Road, Lawrence Township, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - Kimberly Merritt
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15(th) Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Madeleine Tadros
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Mehrnaz Khossravi
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc., One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Smeet Deshmukh
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc., One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Discovery Pharmaceutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc., 3551 Lawrenceville Road, Lawrence Township, NJ, 08648, USA
| | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
| | - Prajnaparamita Dhar
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15(th) Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15(th) Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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11
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Real-time imaging of monoclonal antibody film reconstitution after mechanical stress at the air-liquid interface by Brewster angle microscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Eshraghi J, Veilleux JC, Shi G, Collins D, Ardekani AM, Vlachos PP. Assessment of Cavitation Intensity in Accelerating Syringes of Spring-Driven Autoinjectors. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2247-2261. [PMID: 35854079 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cavitation is an undesired phenomenon that may occur in certain types of autoinjectors (AIs). Cavitation happens because of rapid changes of pressure in a liquid, leading to the formation of small vapor-filled cavities, which upon collapsing, can generate an intense shock wave that may damage the device container and the protein drug molecules. Cavitation occurs in the AI because of the syringe-drug relative displacement as a result of the syringe's sudden acceleration during needle insertion and the ensuing pressure drop at the bottom of the container. Therefore, it's crucial to analyze the potential effect of cavitation on AI. The goal of the current study is to investigate the effects of syringe and AI design parameters such as air gap size, syringe filling volume, fluid viscosity, and drive spring force (syringe acceleration) on the risk and severity of cavitation. METHODS A model autoinjector platform is built to record the syringe and cavitation dynamics which we use to estimate the cavitation intensity in terms of extension rate and to study the effects of design parameters on the severity of cavitation. RESULTS Our results show the generation of an intense shock wave and a high extension rate upon cavitation collapse. The induced extension rate increases with syringe acceleration and filling volume and decreases with viscosity and air gap size. CONCLUSION The most severe cavitation occurred in an AI device with the larger drive spring force and the syringe of a smaller air gap size filled with a less viscous fluid and a larger filling volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Eshraghi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | | | - Galen Shi
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Arezoo M Ardekani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Pavlos P Vlachos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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13
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Catching Speedy Gonzales: Driving forces for protein film formation on silicone rubber tubing during pumping. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:1577-1586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Influence of Protein Adsorption on Aggregation in Prefilled Syringes. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3568-3579. [PMID: 34310973 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregate formation in prefilled syringes (PFSs) can be influenced by protein adsorption and desorption at the solid-liquid interface. Although inhibition of protein adsorption on the PFS surface can lead to a decrease in the amount of aggregation, the mechanism underlying protein adsorption-mediated aggregation in PFSs is unclear. This study investigated protein aggregation caused by protein adsorption on silicone oil-free PFS surfaces [borosilicate glass (GLS) and cycloolefin polymer (COP)] and the factors affecting the protein adsorption on the PFS surfaces. The adsorbed proteins formed multilayered structures that consisted of two distinct types of layers: proteins adsorbed on the surface of the material and proteins adsorbed on top of the proteins on the surface. A pH-dependent electrostatic interaction was the dominant force for protein adsorption on the GLS surface, while hydrophobic effects were dominant for protein adsorption on the COP surface. When the repulsion force between proteins was weak, protein adsorption on the adsorbed protein layer was increased for both materials and as a result, protein aggregation increased. Therefore, a formulation with high colloidal stability can minimize protein adsorption on the COP surface, leading to reduced protein aggregation.
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15
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Džupponová V, Žoldák G. Salt-dependent passive adsorption of IgG1κ-type monoclonal antibodies on hydrophobic microparticles. Biophys Chem 2021; 275:106609. [PMID: 33975078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how antibodies adsorb on solid surfaces is essential for developing effective approaches to control this process. In this study, passive adsorptions on the hydrophobic solid surface of a polystyrene microparticle (MP) of two highly similar IgG1 κ-type monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), rituximab, and trastuzumab, were examined in the presence of Hofmeister salts. Except of kosmotropic salts, the screening of electrostatic interactions using salts reduces the passive adsorption of mAbs on MP. To better understand the ion-specific adsorption process, salt-dependent Langmuir isotherm parameters were obtained and correlated for two mAbs. We find that while their maximum adsorption capacities to MPs are highly correlated (r > 0.9), the salt-dependent profiles of adsorption binding constants, Kobs, differ substantially. For rituximab, Kobs increases >10-fold in an ion-specific manner; for trastuzumab, Kobs remains constant. We conclude that even minor sequence variations among the mAbs can affect the adsorption, as well as the molecular forces attracting proteins to a solid surface. This difference might originate from the heterogeneous orientation of the adsorbed mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Džupponová
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University, Jesenna 5, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Gabriel Žoldák
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Šafárik University, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia.
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16
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Kannan A, Shieh IC, Negulescu PG, Chandran Suja V, Fuller GG. Adsorption and Aggregation of Monoclonal Antibodies at Silicone Oil-Water Interfaces. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1656-1665. [PMID: 33656340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies are rapidly growing for the treatment of various diseases like cancer and autoimmune disorders. Many mAb drug products are sold as prefilled syringes and vials with liquid formulations. Typically, the walls of prefilled syringes are coated with silicone oil to lubricate the surfaces during use. MAbs are surface-active and adsorb to these silicone oil-solution interfaces, which is a potential source of aggregation. We studied formulations containing two different antibodies, mAb1 and mAb2, where mAb1 aggregated more when agitated in the presence of an oil-water interface. This directly correlated with differences in surface activity of the mAbs, studied with interfacial tension, surface mass adsorption, and interfacial rheology. The difference in interfacial properties between the mAbs was further reinforced in the coalescence behavior of oil droplets laden with mAbs. We also looked at the efficacy of surfactants, typically added to stabilize mAb formulations, in lowering adsorption and aggregation of mAbs at oil-water interfaces. We showed the differences between poloxamer-188 and polysorbate-20 in competing with mAbs for adsorption to interfaces and in lowering particulate and overall aggregation. Our results establish a direct correspondence between the adsorption of mAbs at oil-water interfaces and aggregation and the effect of surfactants in lowering aggregation by competitively adsorbing to these interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aadithya Kannan
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ian C Shieh
- Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | | | - Gerald G Fuller
- Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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17
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Zhang L, Lu JR, Waigh TA. Electronics of peptide- and protein-based biomaterials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 287:102319. [PMID: 33248339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biologically inspired peptide- and protein-based materials are at the forefront of organic bioelectronics research due to their inherent conduction properties and excellent biocompatibility. Peptides have the advantages of structural simplicity and ease of synthesis providing credible prospects for mass production, whereas naturally expressed proteins offer inspiration with many examples of high performance evolutionary optimised bioelectronics properties. We review recent advances in the fundamental conduction mechanisms, experimental techniques and exemplar applications for the bioelectronics of self-assembling peptides and proteins. Diverse charge transfer processes, such as tunnelling, hopping and coupled transfer, are found in naturally occurring biological systems with peptides and proteins as the predominant building blocks to enable conduction in biology. Both theory and experiments allow detailed investigation of bioelectronic properties in order to design functionalized peptide- and protein-based biomaterials, e.g. to create biocompatible aqueous electrodes. We also highlight the design of bioelectronics devices based on peptides/proteins including field-effect transistors, piezoelectric energy harvesters and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - J R Lu
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - T A Waigh
- Biological Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Photon Science Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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18
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Vaclaw C, Merritt K, Pringle V, Whitaker N, Gokhale M, Carvalho T, Pan D, Liu Z, Bindra D, Khossravi M, Bolgar M, Volkin DB, Ogunyankin MO, Dhar P. Impact of Polysorbate 80 Grade on the Interfacial Properties and Interfacial Stress Induced Subvisible Particle Formation in Monoclonal Antibodies. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:746-759. [PMID: 32987092 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polysorbate 80 is a nonionic surfactant that is added to therapeutic protein formulations to mitigate protein particle formation when subjected to various mechanical stresses. Variations in the PS80 grade has recently sparked questions surrounding the effect of oleic acid content (OAC) on surfactant's ability to mitigate interface-induced protein particle formation when stressed. In this work, a Langmuir trough was used to apply interfacial dilatational stress to two IgG molecules (mAb1 and mAb2) in formulations containing Chinese pharmacopeia (CP) and multicompendial (MC) grades of PS80. The interfacial properties of these mAb formulations, with and without interfacial dilatational stresses, were correlated with subvisible particle count and particle size/morphology distributions as measured by Micro-flow imaging (MFI). Overall, differences in interfacial properties correlated well with protein particle formation for both molecules in the two PS80 formulations. Further, the impact of grade of PS80 on the interfacial properties and interfacial stress-induced protein particle formation depends on the adsorption kinetics of the IgG molecules as well as the concentration of the surfactant used. This study demonstrates that measuring the interfacial properties of mAb formulations can be a useful tool to predict interfacial stress induced protein particle formation in the presence of different excipients of varying quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coleman Vaclaw
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Kimberly Merritt
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Valerie Pringle
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Neal Whitaker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Madhushree Gokhale
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Thiago Carvalho
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Duohai Pan
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Dilbir Bindra
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Mehrnaz Khossravi
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Mark Bolgar
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Maria O Ogunyankin
- Department of Drug Product Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Inc, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Prajnaparamita Dhar
- Bioengineering Program, School of Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 W 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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19
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Hotinger JA, May AE. Antibodies Inhibiting the Type III Secretion System of Gram-Negative Pathogenic Bacteria. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9030035. [PMID: 32726928 PMCID: PMC7551047 DOI: 10.3390/antib9030035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria are a global health threat, with over 2 million infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria every year in the United States. This problem is exacerbated by the increase in resistance to common antibiotics that are routinely used to treat these infections, creating an urgent need for innovative ways to treat and prevent virulence caused by these pathogens. Many Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria use a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject toxins and other effector proteins directly into host cells. The T3SS has become a popular anti-virulence target because it is required for pathogenesis and knockouts have attenuated virulence. It is also not required for survival, which should result in less selective pressure for resistance formation against T3SS inhibitors. In this review, we will highlight selected examples of direct antibody immunizations and the use of antibodies in immunotherapy treatments that target the bacterial T3SS. These examples include antibodies targeting the T3SS of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia pestis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Shigella spp., and Chlamydia trachomatis.
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