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Yang Q, Ran Y, Guo Y, Zeng J, Song Y, Qiao D, Xu H, Cao Y. Enhancement of lipid synthesis by the transcription factor Asg1 in Saitozyma podzolica zwy-2-3 under dissolved oxygen stress. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 411:131312. [PMID: 39168414 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Microbial oils have been of considerable interest as food additives and biofuel resources due to high lipid contents, but lipid accumulation of oleaginous microorganisms can be induced by environmental stresses, such as dissolved oxygen (DO), which limit large-scale lipid production. Here, DO stress gave rise to the endogenous nitric oxide (NO) level to mediate S-nitrosylation of SpAsg1, regulating the lipid accumulation in Saitozyma podzolica zwy-2-3. Notably, qRT-PCR, yeast one-hybrid, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and metabolomics analysis exhibited that overexpression of SpAsg1 promoted lipid synthesis by directly regulation of glucose metabolism, enhancing glucose uptake, ATP and NADPH contents under DO stress. Meanwhile, SpAsg1 improved the antioxidant capacity to reduce the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO levels. Overall, we systematically investigated the regulation of SpAsg1 on lipid metabolism of S. podzolica zwy-2-3 under DO stress, which sheds light on further studies for alleviating oxygen limitation of lipid production in microbial industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhuoma Yang
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yulu Ran
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yihan Guo
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yao Song
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Dairong Qiao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
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2
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Delavault A, Opochenska O, Schönrock S, Hollenbach R, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Intensification of Enzymatic Sorbityl Laurate Production in Dissolved and Neat Systems under Conventional and Microwave Heating. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:17163-17173. [PMID: 38645351 PMCID: PMC11024949 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Glycolipids such as sugar alcohol esters have been demonstrated to be relevant for numerous applications across various domains of specialty. The use of organic solvents and, more recently, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to mediate lipase-supported bioconversions is gaining potential for industrial application. However, many challenges and limitations remain such as extensive time of production and relatively low productivities among others, which must be solved to strengthen such a biocatalytic process in industry. In this context, this study focuses on the intensification of sorbityl laurate production, as a model biocatalyzed reaction using Novozym 435, investigating the relevance of temperature, heating method, and solvent system. By increasing the reaction temperature from 50 to 90 °C, the space-time yield and product yield were considerably enhanced for reactions in DES and the organic solvent 2M2B, irrespective of the heating method (conventional or microwave heating). However, positive effects in 2M2B were more pronounced with conventional heating as 98% conversion yield was reached within 90 min at 90 °C, equating thus to a nearly 4-fold increase in performance yielding 118.0 ± 3.6 g/(L·h) productivity. With DES, the overall yield and space-time yield were lower with both heating methods. However, microwave heating enabled a 2-fold increase in both performance parameters when the reaction temperature was increased from 50 to 90 °C. Compared to conventional heating, a 7-fold increase in space-time yield at 50 °C and a 16-fold increase at 90 °C were achieved in DES by microwave heating. Furthermore, microwave irradiation enabled the usage of a neat, solvent-free system, representing an initial proof of concept with productivities of up to 13.3 ± 2.3 g/(L·h).
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Affiliation(s)
- André Delavault
- Technical
Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Oleksandra Opochenska
- Technical
Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Sonja Schönrock
- Technical
Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hollenbach
- Biotechnological
Conversion, Technikum Laubholz GmbH, Göppingen 73033, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical
Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
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3
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Yang Q, Ran Y, Guo S, Li F, Xiang D, Cao Y, Qiao D, Xu H, Cao Y. Molecular characterization and expression profiling of two flavohemoglobin genes play essential roles in dissolved oxygen and NO stress in Saitozyma podzolica zwy2-3. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127008. [PMID: 37844810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Flavohemoglobins (Fhbs) are key enzymes involved in microbial nitrosative stress resistance and nitric oxide degradation. However, the roles of Fhbs in fungi remain largely unknown. In this study, SpFhb1 and SpFhb2, two flavohemoglobin-encoding genes in Saitozyma podzolica zwy2-3 were characterized. Protein structure analysis and molecular docking showed that SpFhbs were conserved in bacteria and fungi. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SpFhb2 may be acquired through the transfer event of independent horizontal genes from bacteria. The expression levels of SpFhb1 and SpFhb2 showed opposite trend under high/low dissolved oxygen, implying that they may exhibited different functions. Through deletion and overexpression of SpFhbs, we confirmed that SpFhbs were conducive to lipid accumulation under high stress. The sensitivities of ΔFhb mutants to NO stress were significantly increased compared with that in the WT, indicating that they were required for NO detoxification and nitrosative stress resistance in S. podzolica zwy2-3. Furthermore, SpAsg1 was identified that simultaneously regulates SpFhbs, which functions in the lipid accumulation under high/low dissolved oxygen and NO stress in S. podzolica zwy2-3. Overall, two different SpFhbs were identified in this study, providing new insights into the mechanism of lipid accumulation in fungi under high/low dissolved oxygen and NO stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhuoma Yang
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yulu Ran
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Shengtao Guo
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Fazhi Li
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Dongyou Xiang
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Dairong Qiao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Yi Cao
- Microbiology and Metabolic Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
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Mero A, Koutsoumpos S, Giannios P, Stavrakas I, Moutzouris K, Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L. Comparison of physicochemical and thermal properties of choline chloride and betaine-based deep eutectic solvents: the influence of hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor nature and their molar ratios. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Chea S, Nguyen KT, Rosencrantz RR. Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 5′-O-methacryloylcytidine Using the Immobilized Lipase Novozym 435. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134112. [PMID: 35807358 PMCID: PMC9268227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleobase building blocks have been demonstrated to be strong candidates when it comes to DNA/RNA-like materials by benefiting from hydrogen bond interactions as physical properties. Modifying at the 5′ position is the simplest way to develop nucleobase-based structures by transesterification using the lipase Novozym 435. Herein, we describe the optimization of the lipase-catalyzed synthesis of the monomer 5′-O-methacryloylcytidine with the assistance of microwave irradiation. Variable reaction parameters, such as enzyme concentration, molar ratio of the substrate, reaction temperature and reaction time, were investigated to find the optimum reaction condition in terms of obtaining the highest yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sany Chea
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco) Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (S.C.); (K.T.N.)
- Chair of Polymer Materials and Polymer Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24–25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Khac Toan Nguyen
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco) Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (S.C.); (K.T.N.)
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruben R. Rosencrantz
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research, Biofunctionalized Materials and (Glyco) Biotechnology, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; (S.C.); (K.T.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Sequential one-pot NaDES assisted extraction and biotransformation of rice bran: A new strategy to boost antioxidant activity of natural extracts. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Delavault A, Grüninger J, Kapp D, Hollenbach R, Rudat J, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Enzymatic Synthesis of Alkyl Glucosides by
β
‐Glucosidases in a 2‐in‐1 Deep Eutectic Solvent System. CHEM-ING-TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Delavault
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jens Grüninger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Daniel Kapp
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Rebecca Hollenbach
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jens Rudat
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) BLT 2: Technical Biology Fritz-Haber-Weg 4 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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Wils L, Hilali S, Boudesocque-Delaye L. Biomass Valorization Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: What's New in France? Molecules 2021; 26:6556. [PMID: 34770964 PMCID: PMC8586925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing interest in more environmentally friendly solvents and processes, the introduction of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDES) as low cost, non-toxic and biodegradable solvents represent a new opportunity for green and sustainable chemistry. Thanks to their remarkable advantages, NaDES are now arousing growing interest in many fields of research such as food, health, cosmetics and biofuels. Around the world, NaDES are seen as a promising alternative to commonly used petrochemical solvents. The objective of this review is to draw up a panorama of the existing skills on NaDES in French laboratories and industries for the valuation of natural products. This review therefore focuses on current applications, skills and perspectives, in order to analyze the place of French research in the use of NaDES for the valorization of biomass since 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leslie Boudesocque-Delaye
- EA 7502 Synthèse et Isolement de Molécules BioActives (SIMBA), Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France; (L.W.); (S.H.)
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9
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Hollenbach R, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Parameters Influencing Lipase-Catalyzed Glycolipid Synthesis by (Trans-)Esterification Reaction. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 181:53-72. [PMID: 34518911 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipids are biodegradable, non-toxic surfactants with a wide range of applications. Enzymatic esterification or transesterification facilitated in reaction media of low water activity is a reaction strategy for the production of tailor-made glycolipids as a high structural diversity can be achieved. Organic solvents, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents have been applied as reaction media. However, several challenges need to be addressed for efficient (trans-)esterification reactions, especially for the lipophilization of polar substrates. Therefore, crucial parameters in (trans-)esterification reactions in conventional and non-conventional media are discussed and compared in this review with a special focus on glycolipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Hollenbach
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II: Technical Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Delavault A, Opochenska O, Laneque L, Soergel H, Muhle-Goll C, Ochsenreither K, Syldatk C. Lipase-Catalyzed Production of Sorbitol Laurate in a "2-in-1" Deep Eutectic System: Factors Affecting the Synthesis and Scalability. Molecules 2021; 26:2759. [PMID: 34067126 PMCID: PMC8124474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants, such as glycolipids, are specialty compounds that can be encountered daily in cleaning agents, pharmaceuticals or even in food. Due to their wide range of applications and, more notably, their presence in hygiene products, the demand is continuously increasing worldwide. The established chemical synthesis of glycolipids presents several disadvantages, such as lack of specificity and selectivity. Moreover, the solubility of polyols, such as sugars or sugar alcohols, in organic solvents is rather low. The enzymatic synthesis of these compounds is, however, possible in nearly water-free media using inexpensive and renewable building blocks. Using lipases, ester formation can be achieved under mild conditions. We propose, herein, a "2-in-1" system that overcomes solubility problems, as a Deep Eutectic System (DES) made of sorbitol and choline chloride replaces either a purely organic or aqueous medium. For the first time, 16 commercially available lipase formulations were compared, and the factors affecting the conversion were investigated to optimize this process, owing to a newly developed High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Evaporative Light Scattering Detector (HPLC-ELSD) method for quantification. Thus, using 50 g/L of lipase formulation Novozym 435® at 50 °C, the optimized synthesis of sorbitol laurate (SL) allowed to achieve 28% molar conversion of 0.5 M of vinyl laurate to its sugar alcohol monoester when the DES contained 5 wt.% water. After 48h, the de novo synthesized glycolipid was separated from the media by liquid-liquid extraction, purified by flash-chromatography and characterized thoroughly by one- and two-dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments combined to Mass Spectrometry (MS). In completion, we provide initial proof of scalability for this process. Using a 2.5 L stirred tank reactor (STR) allowed a batch production reaching 25 g/L in a highly viscous two-phase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Delavault
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (O.O.); (L.L.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Oleksandra Opochenska
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (O.O.); (L.L.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Laura Laneque
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (O.O.); (L.L.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Hannah Soergel
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 4 and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; (H.S.); (C.M.-G.)
| | - Claudia Muhle-Goll
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 4 and Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany; (H.S.); (C.M.-G.)
| | - Katrin Ochsenreither
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (O.O.); (L.L.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
| | - Christoph Syldatk
- Technical Biology, Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (O.O.); (L.L.); (K.O.); (C.S.)
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