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Carollo J, Ballesteros-Plata D, Rodríguez-Aguado E, Bashkova S. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Cashew Nutshell Liquid (CNSL): Characterization and Methylene Blue Removal Studies. Molecules 2024; 29:3895. [PMID: 39202974 PMCID: PMC11357457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29163895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL) by varying the concentration of silver ions and the pH of the CNSL extract. The synthesized AgNPs were further characterized to study their surface, structural, and morphological properties and tested for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye. The results of this study showed that depending on the conditions, particles of various sizes, ranging from 1 to 60 nm, and different degrees of stabilization and agglomeration were produced. The concentration of silver ions equal to 3 mM and the pH of the extract of ~4.5 (AgNP3) resulted in the most efficient synthesis, where particles appeared to be highly stabilized and homogeneously distributed on the surface, exhibiting a small average particle size and a narrow particle size distribution (6.7 ± 6.5 nm). Such particles further showed the highest percent removal of MB, where up to 80% removal was recorded within the first 20 min. Higher concentrations of silver ions and higher pH of the extract resulted in substantial particle agglomeration and particles being over-capped by the CNSL biomolecules, respectively, which further negatively affected the ability of particles to remove MB. Finally, the fact that visible light showed no significant effect on the removal of MB, with the average removal rates found to be about the same as in the dark, suggests the strong catalytic nature of AgNPs, which facilitates the electron transfer reactions leading to MB reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyn Carollo
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, NJ 07940, USA;
| | - Daniel Ballesteros-Plata
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (D.B.-P.); (E.R.-A.)
| | - Elena Rodríguez-Aguado
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (D.B.-P.); (E.R.-A.)
| | - Svetlana Bashkova
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison, NJ 07940, USA;
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2
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Medeiros LCD, Sant'Anna C, Ferreira VS, Gasparotto LHS. Silver-nanoparticle-modified nanocellulose synthesized by pyroligneous acid: cytotoxicity towards HaCat cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:385101. [PMID: 38906121 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad5aa2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, pyroligneous acid, also known as wood vinegar, has been employed as reducing and stabilizing agent in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) anchored on nanocellulose (NC). The idea is to confer the latter bactericidal properties for its typical uses such as in cosmetics and food-packing. It has been demonstrated that AgNPs can be directly produced onto NC in one-pot fashion while dramatically enhancing the kinetics of AgNPs synthesis (2 h for reaction completion) in comparison to the NC-less counterpart (10 days for reaction completion). Furthermore, NC allowed for a narrower size distribution of AgNPs. NC-supported and non-supported AgNPs had sizes of 5.1 ± 1.6 nm and 16.7 ± 4.62 nm, respectively. Immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCat) cells were then employed as model to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the AgNPs-NC compound. The latter was found not to impact cell proliferation at any formulation, while decreasing the viability by only 6.8% after 72 h. This study contributes to the development of more environmentally benign routes to produce nanomaterials and to the understanding of their impact on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcio C D Medeiros
- Biological Chemistry and Chemometrics Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil
| | - Celso Sant'Anna
- Laboratory of Biotechnology-Labio, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and technology-Inmetro, Duque de Caxias 25250-020, RJ, Brazil
| | - Veronica S Ferreira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology-Labio, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and technology-Inmetro, Duque de Caxias 25250-020, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luiz H S Gasparotto
- Biological Chemistry and Chemometrics Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, RN, Brazil
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Moorthy K, Chang KC, Huang HC, Wu WJ, Chiang CK. Evaluating Antioxidant Performance, Biosafety, and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Houttuynia cordata Extract and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Biogenic Silver Nano-Antibiotics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:32. [PMID: 38247457 PMCID: PMC10812406 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
From the traditional Chinese medicine point of view, although Houttuynia cordata extract (HCE) possesses an incredible amount of phytonutrients and exhibits antioxidant activities, excessive doses of HCE can cause danger to organisms and lead to death. In this study, we first examine HCE's overall phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant efficacy, and antibacterial activity. Results show that HCE is suitable as a bio-reducing agent for the microwave-assisted synthesis of silver nanoparticles (HCE-AgNPs) with enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial performance. Under an optimized microwave condition (i.e., 100 °C for 10 min), the HCE-stabilized AgNPs were confirmed with a UV-visible peak at 430 nm and 19.7 ± 4.2 nm in size. Physicochemical properties of HCE-AgNPs were extensively characterized by zeta-potential, FT-IR, XRD, and XPS measurements. Compared to the HC extract counterpart, HCE-AgNPs display superior antioxidant activity, higher DPPH scavenging efficiency, and enhanced broad-spectrum bactericidal activity to inhibit the growth of all tested bacterial strains at doses of 2 μg/mL. Biosafety evaluation indicated that HCE-AgNPs are noncytotoxic on human red blood cells. These data show that the microwave synthesis of AgNPs exhibits a great antioxidant ability, superior antibacterial activity, and a trivial hemolytic effect, providing another bactericidal therapy strategy to address the increasing healthcare-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Moorthy
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng 97401, Taiwan;
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.H.); (W.-J.W.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.H.); (W.-J.W.)
| | - Wen-Jui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (H.-C.H.); (W.-J.W.)
| | - Cheng-Kang Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng 97401, Taiwan;
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Acharya R, Dutta SD, Patil TV, Ganguly K, Randhawa A, Lim KT. A Review on Electroactive Polymer-Metal Composites: Development and Applications for Tissue Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:523. [PMID: 37888188 PMCID: PMC10607043 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroactive polymer-metal composites (EAPMCs) have gained significant attention in tissue engineering owing to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. EAPMCs develop by combining an electroactive polymer matrix and a conductive metal. The design considerations include choosing an appropriate metal that provides mechanical strength and electrical conductivity and selecting an electroactive polymer that displays biocompatibility and electrical responsiveness. Interface engineering and surface modification techniques are also crucial for enhancing the adhesion and biocompatibility of composites. The potential of EAPMC-based tissue engineering revolves around its ability to promote cellular responses, such as cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, through electrical stimulation. The electrical properties of these composites can be used to mimic natural electrical signals within tissues and organs, thereby aiding tissue regeneration. Furthermore, the mechanical characteristics of the metallic components provide structural reinforcement and can be modified to align with the distinct demands of various tissues. EAPMCs have extraordinary potential as regenerative biomaterials owing to their ability to promote beneficial effects in numerous electrically responsive cells. This study emphasizes the characteristics and applications of EAPMCs in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumi Acharya
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tejal V. Patil
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Aayushi Randhawa
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Abad WK, Abd AN, Habubi NF. Synthesis of Ag
2O Nanoparticles via Fresh Pomegranate Peel Extract for Bioapplications. NANO BIOMEDICINE AND ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.26599/nbe.2023.9290032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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6
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Preparation of poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibrous mats incorporating graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle hybrid composite by electrospinning method for potential antibacterial applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Moorthy K, Chang KC, Yu PJ, Wu WJ, Liao MY, Huang HC, Chien HC, Chiang CK. Synergistic actions of phytonutrient capped nanosilver as a novel broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent: unveiling the antibacterial effectiveness and bactericidal mechanism. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02469a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bactericidal action of cogon grass extract mediated AgNPs and LDI-MS analysis revealed the putative phytochemicals capped on the AgNP surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Moorthy
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 900393, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chi Chien
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung, 900393, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kang Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 974301, Taiwan
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Marsudi MA, Ariski RT, Wibowo A, Cooper G, Barlian A, Rachmantyo R, Bartolo PJDS. Conductive Polymeric-Based Electroactive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications: Current Progress and Challenges from Biomaterials and Manufacturing Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11543. [PMID: 34768972 PMCID: PMC8584045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The practice of combining external stimulation therapy alongside stimuli-responsive bio-scaffolds has shown massive potential for tissue engineering applications. One promising example is the combination of electrical stimulation (ES) and electroactive scaffolds because ES could enhance cell adhesion and proliferation as well as modulating cellular specialization. Even though electroactive scaffolds have the potential to revolutionize the field of tissue engineering due to their ability to distribute ES directly to the target tissues, the development of effective electroactive scaffolds with specific properties remains a major issue in their practical uses. Conductive polymers (CPs) offer ease of modification that allows for tailoring the scaffold's various properties, making them an attractive option for conductive component in electroactive scaffolds. This review provides an up-to-date narrative of the progress of CPs-based electroactive scaffolds and the challenge of their use in various tissue engineering applications from biomaterials perspectives. The general issues with CP-based scaffolds relevant to its application as electroactive scaffolds were discussed, followed by a more specific discussion in their applications for specific tissues, including bone, nerve, skin, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle scaffolds. Furthermore, this review also highlighted the importance of the manufacturing process relative to the scaffold's performance, with particular emphasis on additive manufacturing, and various strategies to overcome the CPs' limitations in the development of electroactive scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maradhana Agung Marsudi
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia; (M.A.M.); (R.T.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Ridhola Tri Ariski
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia; (M.A.M.); (R.T.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Arie Wibowo
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia; (M.A.M.); (R.T.A.); (R.R.)
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Glen Cooper
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (G.C.); (P.J.D.S.B.)
| | - Anggraini Barlian
- School of Life Science & Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia;
| | - Riska Rachmantyo
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia; (M.A.M.); (R.T.A.); (R.R.)
| | - Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace, and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (G.C.); (P.J.D.S.B.)
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9
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Xing Y, Liao X, Liu X, Li W, Huang R, Tang J, Xu Q, Li X, Yu J. Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized with the Peel Extract of Mango. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5878. [PMID: 34640275 PMCID: PMC8510210 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from biological waste, as well as their excellent antibacterial properties, is currently attracting significant research attention. This study synthesized AgNPs from different mango peel extract concentrations while investigating their characteristics and antibacterial properties. The results showed that the AgNPs were irregular with rod-like, spherical shapes and were detected in a range of 25 nm to 75 nm. The AgNPs displayed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), showing a more significant impact when synthesized with 0.20 g/mL of mango peel extract. Therefore, the antibacterial effect of different diluted AgNP concentrations on the growth kinetic curves of E. coli and S. aureus after synthesis with 0.20 g/mL mango peel extract was analyzed. The results indicated that the AgNP antibacterial activity was higher against S. aureus than against E. coli, while the AgNP IC50 in these two strains was approximately 1.557 mg/mL and 2.335 mg/L, respectively. This research provides new insights regarding the use of postharvest mango byproducts and the potential for developing additional AgNP composite antibacterial materials for fruit and vegetable preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yage Xing
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Xingmei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Xiaocui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Wenxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Department of Agricultural Technology, Neijiang Vocational and Technical College, Neijiang 641000, China
| | - Ruihan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Qinglian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Xuanlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Processing and Food Safety of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Bio-Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China; (Y.X.); (X.L.); (W.L.); (R.H.); (J.T.); (Q.X.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Non Thermal Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center of Food Non Thermal, Yibin Xihua University Research Institute, Yibin 644004, China
| | - Jinze Yu
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Preservation of Agricultural Products, Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Storage of Agricultural Products, Tianjin 300384, China;
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Moorthy K, Chang KC, Wu WJ, Hsu JY, Yu PJ, Chiang CK. Systematic Evaluation of Antioxidant Efficiency and Antibacterial Mechanism of Bitter Gourd Extract Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2278. [PMID: 34578594 PMCID: PMC8467971 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we accentuate the facile and green synthesis of ecologically viable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using aqueous (A-BGE) and ethanolic (E-BGE) dried bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) fruit extract as reducing and capping agents. Although AgNPs synthesized using BGEs have been reported earlier in fundamental antimicrobial studies, the possible antioxidant activity, antibacterial efficacy against superbugs, and a potential antimicrobial mechanism are still lacking. The characterization of as-prepared AgNPs was studied through UV-vis, TEM, Zeta-potential, FT-IR, XRD, and XPS analysis. The antioxidant ability of BG-AgNPs was extensively evaluated through DPPH and FRAP assays, which showed that A-BG-AgNPs possessed higher scavenging ability and superior reducing power due to the high phenolic content present in the BG extract. Furthermore, A-BG-AgNPs were highly stable in various physiological media and displayed excellent antibacterial activity against drug-resistant bacterial strains (i.e., MIC value of 4 µg/mL). The generation of reactive oxygen species evidenced that the possible antimicrobial mechanism was induced by BG-AgNPs, resulting in bacterial cell damage. Within the minimal hemolysis, the BG-mediated AgNPs possessed synergistic antioxidant and antibacterial agents and open another avenue for the inhibition of the growth of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavya Moorthy
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan; (K.M.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Kai-Chih Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (W.-J.W.); (P.-J.Y.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jui Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (W.-J.W.); (P.-J.Y.)
| | - Jun-Yi Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan; (K.M.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Po-Jen Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (K.-C.C.); (W.-J.W.); (P.-J.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Kang Chiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974301, Taiwan; (K.M.); (J.-Y.H.)
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11
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Laouini SE, Bouafia A, Soldatov AV, Algarni H, Tedjani ML, Ali GAM, Barhoum A. Green Synthesized of Ag/Ag 2O Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Leaves Extracts of Phoenix dactylifera L. and Their Azo Dye Photodegradation. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:468. [PMID: 34202049 PMCID: PMC8306034 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this study, silver/silver oxide nanoparticles (Ag/Ag2O NPs) were successfully biosynthesized using Phoenix dactylifera L. aqueous leaves extract. The effect of different plant extract/precursor contractions (volume ratio, v/v%) on Ag/Ag2O NP formation, their optical properties, and photocatalytic activity towards azo dye degradation, i.e., Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB), were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystalline nature of Ag/Ag2O NPs with a crystallite size range from 28 to 39 nm. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the Ag/Ag2O NPs have an oval and spherical shape. UV-vis spectroscopy showed that Ag/Ag2O NPs have a direct bandgap of 2.07-2.86 eV and an indirect bandgap of 1.60-1.76 eV. Fourier transform infrared analysis suggests that the synthesized Ag/Ag2O NPs might be stabilized through the interactions of -OH and C=O groups in the carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids present in Phoenix dactylifera L. Interestingly, the prepared Ag/Ag2O NPs showed high catalytic degradation activity for CR dye. The photocatalytic degradation of the azo dye was monitored spectrophotometrically in a wavelength range of 250-900 nm, and a high decolorization efficiency (84.50%) was obtained after 50 min of reaction. As a result, the use of Phoenix dactylifera L. aqueous leaves extract offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Eddine Laouini
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Echahid Hamma Lakhdar El Oued, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (S.E.L.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Abderrhmane Bouafia
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Echahid Hamma Lakhdar El Oued, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (S.E.L.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Alexander V. Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova Str. 178/24, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia;
| | - Hamed Algarni
- Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Laid Tedjani
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Technology, University of Echahid Hamma Lakhdar El Oued, El-Oued 39000, Algeria; (S.E.L.); (M.L.T.)
| | - Gomaa A. M. Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al–Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Barhoum
- NanoStruc Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan 11795, Egypt
- School of Chemical Sciences, Fraunhofer Project Centre, Dublin City University, D09 V209 Dublin, Ireland
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