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Leonés A, Salaris V, Peponi L, Lieblich M, Muñoz-Bonilla A, Fernández-García M, López D. Bioactivity and Antibacterial Analysis of Plasticized PLA Electrospun Fibers Reinforced with MgO and Mg(OH) 2 Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1727. [PMID: 38932077 PMCID: PMC11207589 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we focused on the bioactivity and antibacterial behavior of PLA-based electrospun fibers, efibers, reinforced with both MgO and Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles, NPs. The evolution of PLA-based efibers was followed in terms of morphology, FTIR, XRD, and visual appearance. The bioactivity was discussed in terms of hydroxyapatite growth after 28 days, considered as T28, of immersion in simulated body fluid, SBF. In particular, the biomineralization process evidenced after immersion in SBF started at T14 in both systems. The number of precipitated crystals increased by increasing the amount of both NPs. The chemical composition of the precipitated crystals was also characterized in terms of the Ca/P molar ratio after T28 of immersion in SBF, indicating the presence of hydroxyapatite on the surface of both reinforced efibers. Moreover, a reduction in the average diameter of the PLA-based efibers was observed, reaching a maximum reduction of 46 and 60% in the average diameter of neat PLA and PLA:OLA efibers, respectively, after 28 days of immersion in SBF. The antibacterial behavior of the MgO and Mg(OH)2 NPs in the PLA-based electrospun fibers was tested against Escherichia coli, E. coli, as the Gram-negative bacteria, and Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus, as the Gram-positive bacteria, obtaining the best antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacteria E. coli of 21 ± 2% and 34 ± 6% for the highest concentration of MgO and Mg(OH)2 NPs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Leonés
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Valentina Salaris
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Marcela Lieblich
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Marta Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (V.S.)
| | - Daniel López
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (V.S.)
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Williams L, Hatton FL, Righetti MC, Mele E. Investigating How the Properties of Electrospun Poly(lactic acid) Fibres Loaded with the Essential Oil Limonene Evolve over Time under Different Storage Conditions. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1005. [PMID: 38611263 PMCID: PMC11013927 DOI: 10.3390/polym16071005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential oils have been identified as effective natural compounds to prevent bacterial infections and thus are widely proposed as bioactive agents for biomedical applications. Across the literature, various essential oils have been incorporated into electrospun fibres to produce materials with, among others, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. However, limited research has been conducted so far on the effect of these chemical products on the physical characteristics of the resulting composite fibres for extended periods of time. Within this work, electrospun fibres of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were loaded with the essential oil limonene, and the impact of storage conditions and duration (up to 12 weeks) on the thermal degradation, glass transition temperature and mechanical response of the fibrous mats were investigated. It was found that the concentration of the encapsulated limonene changed over time and thus the properties of the PLA-limonene fibres evolved, particularly in the first two weeks of storage (independently from storage conditions). The amount of limonene retained within the fibres, even 4 weeks after fibre generation, was effective to successfully inhibit the growth of model microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The results of this work demonstrate the importance of evaluating physical properties during the ageing of electrospun fibres encapsulating essential oils, in order to predict performance modification when the composite fibres are used as constituents of medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Williams
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;
| | - Fiona L. Hatton
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;
| | - Maria Cristina Righetti
- National Research Council-Institute for Chemical and Physical Processes (CNR-IPCF), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Elisa Mele
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;
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Torsello M, Ben-Zichri S, Pesenti L, Kunnath SM, Samorì C, Pasteris A, Bacchelli G, Prishkolnik N, Ben-Nun U, Righi S, Focarete ML, Kolusheva S, Jelinek R, Gualandi C, Galletti P. Carbon dot/polylactic acid nanofibrous membranes for solar-mediated oil absorption/separation: Performance, environmental sustainability, ecotoxicity and reusability. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25417. [PMID: 38420388 PMCID: PMC10900409 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are promising photothermal nanoparticles that can be utilized in environmental treatments. They exhibit favorable physicochemical properties, including low toxicity, physical and chemical stability, photo-dependant reversible behaviour, and environmentally friendly synthesis using benign building blocks. Here, we synthesized innovative CDs/polylactic acid (PLA) electrospun composite membranes for evaluating the removal of hydrophobic compounds like long-chain hydrocarbons or oils in biphasic mixtures with water. The ultimate goal was to develop innovative and sustainable solar-heated oil absorbents. Specifically, we fabricated PLA membranes with varying CD contents, characterized their morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties, and assessed the environmental impact of membrane production according to ISO 14040 and 14044 standards in a preliminary "cradle-to-gate" life cycle assessment study. Solar radiation experiments demonstrated that the CDs/PLA composites exhibited greater uptake of hydrophobic compounds compared to pure PLA membranes, ascribable to the CDs-induced photothermal effect. The adsorption and regeneration capacity of the new CDs/PLA membrane was demonstrated through multiple uptake/release cycles. Ecotoxicity analyses confirmed the safety profile of the new adsorbent system towards freshwater microalgae, further emphasizing its potential as an environmentally friendly solution for the removal of hydrophobic compounds in water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Torsello
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Shani Ben-Zichri
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Lucia Pesenti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sisira M Kunnath
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Chiara Samorì
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pasteris
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Sant'Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Greta Bacchelli
- Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto, 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Noa Prishkolnik
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Uri Ben-Nun
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Serena Righi
- Interdepartmental Centre for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRSA), University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto, 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 2, 40136, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy "Augusto Righi", University of Bologna, Viale Carlo Berti Pichat, 6/2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies - Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Chiara Gualandi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies - Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 2, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Galletti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Cárdenas-Aguazaco W, Camacho B, Gómez-Pachón EY, Lara-Bertrand AL, Silva-Cote I. Electrospun Scaffolds of Polylactic Acid, Collagen, and Amorphous Calcium Phosphate for Bone Repair. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2529. [PMID: 38004509 PMCID: PMC10674189 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Most electrospun scaffolds for bone tissue engineering typically use hydroxyapatite (HA) or beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). However, the biological activity of these crystalline compounds can be limited due to their low solubility. Therefore, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) may be an alternative in bone repair scaffolds. This study analyzes the morphology, porosity, mechanical strength, and surface chemistry of electrospun scaffolds composed of polylactic acid and collagen integrated with hydroxyapatite (MHAP) or amorphous calcium phosphate (MACP). In addition, the in vitro biocompatibility, osteogenic differentiation, and growth factor production associated with bone repair using human Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs) are evaluated. The results show that the electrospun MHAP and MACP scaffolds exhibit a fibrous morphology with interconnected pores. Both scaffolds exhibit favorable biocompatibility and stimulate the proliferation and osteogenesis of hWJ-MSCs. However, cell adhesion and osteocalcin production are greater in the MACP scaffold compared to the MHAP scaffold. In addition, the MACP scaffold shows significant production of bone-repair-related growth factors such as transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), providing a solid basis for its use in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Cárdenas-Aguazaco
- Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Bogotá 111611, Colombia; (W.C.-A.); (B.C.); (A.L.L.-B.)
| | - Bernardo Camacho
- Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Bogotá 111611, Colombia; (W.C.-A.); (B.C.); (A.L.L.-B.)
| | - Edwin Yesid Gómez-Pachón
- Facultad Duitama, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia-UPTC, Duitama 150462, Colombia;
| | - Adriana Lorena Lara-Bertrand
- Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Bogotá 111611, Colombia; (W.C.-A.); (B.C.); (A.L.L.-B.)
| | - Ingrid Silva-Cote
- Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Bogotá 111611, Colombia; (W.C.-A.); (B.C.); (A.L.L.-B.)
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Leonés A, Peponi L, García-Martínez JM, Collar EP. Study on the Tensile Behavior of Woven Non-Woven PLA/OLA/MgO Electrospun Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3973. [PMID: 37836022 PMCID: PMC10574995 DOI: 10.3390/polym15193973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work deeply studied the mechanical behavior of woven non-woven PLA/OLA/MgO electrospun fibers, efibers, by using Box-Wilson surface response methodology. This work follows up a previous one where both the diameters and the thermal response of such efibers were discussed in terms of both the different amounts of magnesium oxide nanoparticles, MgO, as well as of the oligomer (lactic acid), OLA, used as plasticizer. The results of both works, in term of diameters, degree of crystallinity, and mechanical response, can be strongly correlated to each other, as reported here. In particular, the strain mechanism of PLA/OLA/MgO efibers was studied, showing an orientation of efibers parallel to the applied stress and identifying the mechanically weakest points that yielded the start of the breakage of efibers. Moreover, we identified 1.5 wt% as the critical amount of MgO, above which the plasticizing effect of OLA was weaker as the amount of both components increased. Moreover, the minimum elastic modulus value took place at 15 wt% of OLA, in agreement with the previously reported convergence point in the evolution of the degree of crystallinity. Regarding the yield point, a concentration of OLA between 20 and 30 wt% led to a slight improvement in the yielding capability in terms of tensile strength in comparison with neat PLA efibers. Therefore, the approach presented here permits the design of tailor-made electrospun nanocomposites with specific mechanical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (J.-M.G.-M.); (E.P.C.)
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6
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Graphene Nanoplatelets-Based Textured Polymeric Fibrous Fabrics for the Next-Generation Devices. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245415. [PMID: 36559782 PMCID: PMC9785025 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene is a 2D crystal composed of carbon atoms in a hexagonal arrangement. From their isolation, graphene nanoplatelets (nCD) have revolutionized material science due to their unique properties, and, nowadays, there are countless applications, including drug delivery, biosensors, energy storage, and tissue engineering. Within this work, nCD were combined with PLA, a widely used and clinically relevant thermoplastic polymer, to produce advanced composite texturized electrospun fabric for the next-generation devices. The electrospinning manufacturing process was set-up by virtue of a proper characterization of the composite raw material and its solution. From the morphological point of view, the nCD addition permitted the reduction of the fiber diameter while the texture allowed more aligned fibers. After that, mechanical features of fabrics were tested at RT and upon heating (40 °C, 69 °C), showing the reinforcement action of nCD mainly in the texturized mats at 40 °C. Finally, mats' degradation in simulated physiological fluid was minimal up to 30 d, even if composite mats revealed excellent fluid-handling capability. Moreover, no toxic impurities and degradation products were pointed out during the incubation. This work gains insight on the effects of the combination of composite carbon-based material and texturized fibers to reach highly performing fabrics.
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Peponi L, Barrera-Rivera KA, Kenny JM, Marcos-Fernandez Á, Martinez-Richa A, López D. Bio-Catalysis for the Functionalization of Cellulose Nanocrystals. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4064. [PMID: 36432349 PMCID: PMC9693080 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the chemical modification of cellulose nanocrystals (NCs) using an enzyme as a catalyst has been performed by a “grafting from” reaction, in order to covalently functionalize the external surface of NCs with both poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) by ring-opening polymerization. Firstly, cellulose nanocrystals were prepared from commercial cellulose microcrystals by acid hydrolysis and then functionalized by using Yarrowia lipolytica lipase immobilized on Lewatit resin as a catalyst. To confirm the success of the grafting reactions, 1H-NMR has been performed as well as FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis has been used to determine the amount of polymeric chains grafted onto the surface of cellulose nanocrystals. Furthermore, the crystalline nature of the polymeric chains grafted onto the cellulose surface has been studied by DSC, X-ray scattering, as well as SAXS analysis. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a biocatalyst approach has been used to obtain biopolymeric functionalized cellulose nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC., Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla A. Barrera-Rivera
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, Guanajuato 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - José M. Kenny
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC., Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Marcos-Fernandez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC., Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez-Richa
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, Guanajuato 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Daniel López
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, ICTP-CSIC., Calle Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Hevilla V, Sonseca Á, Gimenez E, Echeverría C, Muñoz-Bonilla A, Fernández-García M. The Incorporation of Low-Molecular Weight Poly(Mannitol Sebacate)s on PLA Electrospun Fibers: Effects on the Mechanical Properties and Surface Chemistry. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163342. [PMID: 36015598 PMCID: PMC9414317 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We offer a report on the synthesis of low-molecular weight biobased poly(mannitol sebacate) (PMS) and its functionalization with acrylate groups (PMSAc). These synthesized polyesters were blended at a low level (10 wt%) with poly (lactic acid) PLA to prepare aligned fibers by electrospinning, coupled with a rotatory collector. The obtained fibers were extensively studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXS), employing synchrotron radiation. The incorporation of the PMSs on the PLA fibers did not significantly affect the fiber diameters, whereas the alignment was almost maintained. The crystallinity and thermal properties were also slightly modified with the addition of PMSs, and an increase in the degree of crystallinity and in the glass transition temperature of the blend compared to PLA was observed. Remarkably, the PLA/PMSs fibers were more ductile due to the elastomeric character of PMS, with higher values of elongation at break and tensile strengths, and a smaller Young modulus in comparison with the PLA fibers. These modifications of the properties were more noticeable in the case of the acrylated PMS, which also provided readily available functional groups at the surface for further chemical reactions, such as the Michael addition or crosslinking processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Hevilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda Sonseca
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Gimenez
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Coro Echeverría
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Fernández-García
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Salaris V, Leonés A, López D, Kenny JM, Peponi L. A Comparative Study on the Addition of MgO and Mg(OH)
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Nanoparticles into PCL Electrospun Fibers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Salaris
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP‐CSIC) C/Juan de la Cierva 3 Madrid 28006 Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST‐ CSIC) Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - Adrián Leonés
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP‐CSIC) C/Juan de la Cierva 3 Madrid 28006 Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST‐ CSIC) Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - Daniel López
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP‐CSIC) C/Juan de la Cierva 3 Madrid 28006 Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST‐ CSIC) Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - José Maria Kenny
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department and UDR INSTM University of Perugia STM Group Strada di Pentima 4 Terni 05100 Italy
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP‐CSIC) C/Juan de la Cierva 3 Madrid 28006 Spain
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST‐ CSIC) Madrid 28006 Spain
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10
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Leonés A, Peponi L, Fiori S, Lieblich M. Effect of the Addition of MgO Nanoparticles on the Thermally-Activated Shape Memory Behavior of Plasticized PLA Electrospun Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14132657. [PMID: 35808702 PMCID: PMC9268919 DOI: 10.3390/polym14132657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the thermally-activated shape memory behavior of poly(lactic acid)-based electrospun fibers (PLA-based efibers) reinforced with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NPs) was studied at different temperatures. In particular, MgO NPs were added at different concentrations, such as 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 3 wt%, with respect to the PLA matrix. The glass-transition temperature of PLA-based efibers was modulated by adding a 20 wt% of oligomer lactic acid as plasticizer. Once the plasticized PLA-based efibers were obtained and basically characterized in term of morphology as well as thermal and mechanical properties, thermo-mechanical cycles were carried out at 60 °C and 45 °C in order to study their thermally-activated shape memory response, demonstrating that their crystalline nature strongly affects their shape memory behavior. Importantly, we found that the plastificant effect in the mechanical response of the reinforced plasticized PLA efibers is balanced with the reinforcing effect of the MgO NPs, obtaining the same mechanical response of neat PLA fibers. Finally, both the strain recovery and strain fixity ratios of each of the plasticized PLA-based efibers were calculated, obtaining excellent thermally-activated shape memory response at 45 °C, demonstrating that 1 wt% MgO nanoparticles was the best concentration for the plasticized system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Leonés
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefano Fiori
- Condensia Química SA, R&D Department, C/La Cierva 8, 08184 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Marcela Lieblich
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Spasova M, Manolova N, Rashkov I, Naydenov M. Eco-Friendly Hybrid PLLA/Chitosan/ Trichoderma asperellum Nanomaterials as Biocontrol Dressings against Esca Disease in Grapevines. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122356. [PMID: 35745931 PMCID: PMC9228446 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungi constitute the largest number of plant pathogens and are responsible for a range of serious plant diseases. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (P. chlamydospora) and Phaeoacremonium aleophilum (P. aleophilum) are the main fungal pathogens causing esca disease in grapevines. On the other hand, there are beneficial microorganisms such as Trichoderma spp., which are able to control the growth of many phytopathogens. In the present study, innovative, eco-friendly hybrid nanomaterials were created by electrospinning PLLA, followed by the formation of a film of chitosan/Trichoderma asperellum (T. asperellum) spores on the fibers. The polymer carrier used in this study plays an active role in ensuring the viability of the biological agent during storage and, when placed in contact with moisture, ensures the agent’s normal development. Oligochitosan, as well as low molecular weight and high molecular weight chitosan, were used. The effects of chitosan molecular weight on the dynamic viscosity of chitosan solutions, film formation, mechanical properties, spore incorporation and growth were studied. The morphology of the prepared nanomaterials, and the presence of a film based on the formation of chitosan/T. asperellum spores on the PLLA fibers, were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface chemical compositions of the fibrous materials were studied using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The mechanical properties of the obtained materials were also tested. The microbiological screening that was performed revealed that the eco-friendly hybrid nanomaterials incorporated with the beneficial microorganism, T. asperellum, to hamper the growth of the pathogenic P. chlamydospora and P. aleophilum fungi. The suppression rate depended on the viscosity of the chitosan solution used for the film formation. The use of oligochitosan resulted in the most effective infection of the material with T. asperellum spores. The environmentally friendly hybrid nanomaterials obtained in this study—in which the bioagent was embedded—are promising bioactive dressings for protecting grapevines against esca disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Spasova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, bl. 103A, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.M.); (I.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nevena Manolova
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, bl. 103A, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Iliya Rashkov
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymers, Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev St, bl. 103A, BG-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (N.M.); (I.R.)
| | - Mladen Naydenov
- Department of Microbiology, Agricultural University, BG-4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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Leonés A, Peponi L, García-Martínez JM, Collar EP. Compositional Influence on the Morphology and Thermal Properties of Woven Non-Woven Mats of PLA/OLA/MgO Electrospun Fibers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102092. [PMID: 35631974 PMCID: PMC9144131 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a statistical study of the morphology and thermal behavior of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/oligomer(lactic acid) (OLA)/magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO), electrospun fibers (efibers) has been carried out. The addition of both, OLA and MgO, is expected to modify the final properties of the electrospun PLA-based nanocomposites for their potential use in biomedical applications. Looking for the compositional optimization of these materials, a Box−Wilson design of experiment was used, taking as dependent variables the average fiber diameter as the representative of the fiber morphologies, as well as the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the degree of crystallinity (Xc) as their thermal response. The results show <r2> values of 73.76% (diameter), 88.59% (Tg) and 75.61% (Xc) for each polynomial fit, indicating a good correlation between both OLA and MgO, along with the morphological as well as the thermal behavior of the PLA-based efibers in the experimental space scanned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Leonés
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (J.-M.G.-M.); (E.P.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Peponi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (J.-M.G.-M.); (E.P.C.)
- Interdisciplinary Platform for “Sustainable Plastics towards a Circular Economy” (SUSPLAST-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesús-María García-Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (J.-M.G.-M.); (E.P.C.)
| | - Emilia P. Collar
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), C/Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.); (J.-M.G.-M.); (E.P.C.)
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Stepanova M, Korzhikova-Vlakh E. Modification of Cellulose Micro- and Nanomaterials to Improve Properties of Aliphatic Polyesters/Cellulose Composites: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14071477. [PMID: 35406349 PMCID: PMC9003142 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aliphatic polyesters/cellulose composites have attracted a lot attention due to the perspectives of their application in biomedicine and the production of disposable materials, food packaging, etc. Both aliphatic polyesters and cellulose are biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, which makes them highly promising for the production of “green” composite materials. However, the main challenge in obtaining composites with favorable properties is the poor compatibility of these polymers. Unlike cellulose, which is very hydrophilic, aliphatic polyesters exhibit strong hydrophobic properties. In recent times, the modification of cellulose micro- and nanomaterials is widely considered as a tool to enhance interfacial biocompatibility with aliphatic polyesters and, consequently, improve the properties of composites. This review summarizes the main types and properties of cellulose micro- and nanomaterials as well as aliphatic polyesters used to produce composites with cellulose. In addition, the methods for noncovalent and covalent modification of cellulose materials with small molecules, polymers and nanoparticles have been comprehensively overviewed and discussed. Composite fabrication techniques, as well as the effect of cellulose modification on the mechanical and thermal properties, rate of degradation, and biological compatibility have been also analyzed.
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Shape-Memory Materials via Electrospinning: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050995. [PMID: 35267818 PMCID: PMC8914658 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to point out the importance of the synergic effects of two relevant and appealing polymeric issues: electrospun fibers and shape-memory properties. The attention is focused specifically on the design and processing of electrospun polymeric fibers with shape-memory capabilities and their potential application fields. It is shown that this field needs to be explored more from both scientific and industrial points of view; however, very promising results have been obtained up to now in the biomedical field and also as sensors and actuators and in electronics.
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