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Jakimiuk K, Tomczyk M. A review of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical evidence for the use of the genus Alchemilla (Rosaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117439. [PMID: 37981119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Alchemilla L. (lady's mantle) comprises 1000 species, of which more than 300 have been characterized from Europe. Notably, as folk medicines, Alchemilla species have long been prescribed for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, pruritus vulvae, menopausal complaints, and related diseases in women. This review summarizes the traditional uses, highlights promising plant species, and focuses on phytochemical and biological studies to highlight future areas of research. AIM OF THE REVIEW This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Alchemilla species, covering their botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological and pharmacological activities, and to summarize the current research status to better understand the application value of Alchemilla plants in modern phytotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The search strategy utilized the major thematic platforms Reaxys, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, the USDA Plant Database and Kew Science (Royal Botanic Gardens) and was performed with the term Alchemilla. These platforms were systematically searched for articles published from 1960 to 2023. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Alchemilla species, as members of the Rosaceae family, produce tannins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins, triterpenes and violet compounds. Effort has been made with this comprehensive review of Alchemilla plants to highlight the recent developments and milestones achieved in modern phytochemistry and phytotherapy, underlaying a broad spectrum of the activities of these plants, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiobesity, cardiovascular, anticancer, and wound healing effects. CONCLUSIONS An increasing number of studies on the plants in the Alchemilla genus have provided data about the main constituents and their importance in modern medicine. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that Alchemilla plants possess an extensive spectrum of biological activities. Regardless of the remarkable medical potential of Alchemilla extracts, clinical studies are limited and need to be performed to produce safer and less expensive plant-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
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Pereira D, Pinto M, Almeida JR, Correia-da-Silva M, Cidade H. The Role of Natural and Synthetic Flavonoids in the Prevention of Marine Biofouling. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:77. [PMID: 38393048 PMCID: PMC10889971 DOI: 10.3390/md22020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine biofouling is a major concern for the maritime industry, environment, and human health. Biocides which are currently used in marine coatings to prevent this phenomenon are toxic to the marine environment, and therefore a search for antifoulants with environmentally safe properties is needed. A large number of scientific papers have been published showing natural and synthetic compounds with potential to prevent the attachment of macro- and microfouling marine organisms on submerged surfaces. Flavonoids are a class of compounds which are highly present in nature, including in marine organisms, and have been found in a wide range of biological activities. Some natural and synthetic flavonoids have been evaluated over the last few years for their potential to prevent the settlement and/or the growth of marine organisms on submerged structures, thereby preventing marine biofouling. This review compiles, for the first-time, natural flavonoids as well as their synthetic analogues with attributed antifouling activity against macrofouling and microfouling marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pereira
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana R. Almeida
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Edifício do Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Kapral-Piotrowska J, Strawa JW, Jakimiuk K, Wiater A, Tomczyk M, Gruszecki WI, Pawlikowska-Pawlęga B. Investigation of the Membrane Localization and Interaction of Selected Flavonoids by NMR and FTIR Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15275. [PMID: 37894955 PMCID: PMC10607445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, we discuss the effects of undescribed flavone derivatives, HZ4 and SP9, newly isolated from the aerial parts of Hottonia palustris L. and Scleranthus perennis L. on membranes. Interaction of flavonoids with lipid bilayers is important for medicinal applications. The experiments were performed with FTIR and NMR techniques on liposomes prepared from DPPC (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) and EYPC (egg yolk phosphatidylcholine). The data showed that the examined polyphenols incorporate into the polar head group region of DPPC phospholipids at both 25 °C and 45 °C. At the lower temperature, a slight effect in the spectral region of the ester carbonyl group is observed. In contrast, at 45 °C, both compounds bring about the changes in the spectral regions attributed to antisymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of CH2 and CH3 moieties. Similarly, as in DPPC lipids, the tested compounds interact with the fingerprint region of the polar head groups of the EYPC lipids and cause its reorganization. The outcomes obtained by NMR analyses confirmed the localization of both flavonoids in the polar heads zone. Unraveled effects of HZ4 and SP9 in respect to lipid bilayers can partly determine their biological activities and are crucial for their usability in medicine as disease-preventing phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kapral-Piotrowska
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jakub W. Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; (J.W.S.); (K.J.); (M.T.)
| | - Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; (J.W.S.); (K.J.); (M.T.)
| | - Adrian Wiater
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland; (J.W.S.); (K.J.); (M.T.)
| | - Wiesław I. Gruszecki
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Pl. M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 1, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Bożena Pawlikowska-Pawlęga
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland;
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Takata T, Motoo Y. Novel In Vitro Assay of the Effects of Kampo Medicines against Intra/Extracellular Advanced Glycation End-Products in Oral, Esophageal, and Gastric Epithelial Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:878. [PMID: 37512585 PMCID: PMC10385496 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Kampo medicines are Japanese traditional medicines developed from Chinese traditional medicines. The action mechanisms of the numerous known compounds have been studied for approximately 100 years; however, many remain unclear. While components are normally affected through digestion, absorption, and metabolism, in vitro oral, esophageal, and gastric epithelial cell models avoid these influences and, thus, represent superior assay systems for Kampo medicines. We focused on two areas of the strong performance of this assay system: intracellular and extracellular advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs are generated from glucose, fructose, and their metabolites, and promote lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes and cancer. While current technology cannot analyze whole intracellular AGEs in cells in some organs, some AGEs can be generated for 1-2 days, and the turnover time of oral and gastric epithelial cells is 7-14 days. Therefore, we hypothesized that we could detect these rapidly generated intracellular AGEs in such cells. Extracellular AEGs (e.g., dietary or in the saliva) bind to the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of the epithelial cells and can induce cytotoxicity such as inflammation. The analysis of Kampo medicine effects against intra/extracellular AGEs in vitro is a novel model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanobu Takata
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Biology, Department of Life Science, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Motoo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Kampo Medicines, Komatsu Sophia Hospital, Komatsu 923-0861, Ishikawa, Japan
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Strawa JW, Jakimiuk K, Pawlikowska-Pawlęga B, Gruszecki WI, Kapral-Piotrowska J, Wiater A, Tomczyk M. Polar localization of new flavonoids from aerial parts of Scleranthus perennis and Hottonia palustris and their modulatory action on lipid membranes properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184142. [PMID: 36848998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize, for the first time, the interactions, location, and influence of flavonoids isolated from aerial parts of Scleranthus perennis (Caryophyllaceae) and Hottonia palustris (Primulaceae) on the properties of model lipid membranes prepared from dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC). The tested compounds incorporated into liposomes into the region of the polar heads or at the water/membrane interface of DPPC phospholipids. Spectral effects accompanying the presence of polyphenols revealed their effect on ester carbonyl groups apart from SP8. All polyphenols brought about reorganization of the polar zone of liposomes as it was observed by FTIR technique. Additionally, fluidization effect was noted in the region of symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations of the CH2 and CH3 groups with exception to HZ2 and HZ3. Similarly, in EYPC liposomes, they interacted mainly with the regions of the choline heads of the lipids and had various effects on the carbonyl ester groups with exception to SP8. The region of polar head groups is restructured due to the presence of the additives in liposomes. The outcomes obtained using the NMR technique confirmed the locations of all of the tested compounds in the polar zone and indicated a flavonoid-dependent modifying effect towards lipid membranes. HZ1 and SP8 raised motional freedom in this region whereas opposite effect was revealed for HZ2 and HZ3. In the hydrophobic region restricted mobility was noted. In this report we discuss the mechanism of previously undescribed flavonoids in terms of their actions on membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub W Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
| | - Bożena Pawlikowska-Pawlęga
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Wiesław I Gruszecki
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, ul. Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 1, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Justyna Kapral-Piotrowska
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adrian Wiater
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, ul. Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland.
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Strawa JW, Jakimiuk K, Kita Z, Tomczyk M. In Vitro Screening for Anti-Acetylcholinesterase and Antioxidant Activities of Hottonia palustris L. Extracts and Their Unusual Flavonoids. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228034. [PMID: 36432136 PMCID: PMC9692424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hottonia palustris L. is from the genus Hottonia (Primulaceae), and the understanding of its phytochemical and pharmacological properties is limited. In this study, the use of chromatographic techniques led to the isolation of a further eleven compounds, including three new flavonoids: 2',5-dihydroxyflavone 2'-O-β-glucopyranoside, 5,6-dihydroxyflavone 6-O-(6"-O-glucopyranosyl)-β-glucopyranoside (hottonioside A), and 4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone 7-O-(2"-O-β-glucuronide)-β-glucopyranoside. Their structures were determined using extensive 1D and 2D NMR data and mass spectrometry (HRMS). The qualitative assessment of the chemical composition of the investigated extracts and fractions was performed using the LC-HRMS technique. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of extracts, fractions, and compounds and their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase were also evaluated. Thus, we may conclude that the observed biological effects are the result of the presence of many biologically active compounds, of which dibenzoylmethane is the most active. Therefore, H. palustris is a source of substances with desirable properties in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub W. Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jakimiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Kita
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-748-56-94
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