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Liu H, Lin J, Hu Y, Lei H, Zhang Q, Tao X, Zhang D, Niu H. Deep eutectic solvent (DES)-assisted extraction of pectin from Ficus carica Linn. peel: optimization, partial structure characterization, functional and antioxidant activities. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5149-5162. [PMID: 38297410 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pectin from Ficus carica Linn. (fig) peels is a valuable and recyclable constituent that may bring huge economic benefits. To maximize the utilization of this resource, deep eutectic solvent (DES)-assisted extraction was applied to extract pectin from fig peels, and the extraction process was optimized with response surface methodology. RESULTS When DES (choline chloride/oxalic acid = 1:1) content was 168.1 g kg-1, extraction temperature was 79.8 °C, liquid-solid ratio was 23.3 mL g-1, and extraction time was 120 min, the maximum yield of 239.6 g kg-1 was obtained, which was almost twice the extraction of hot water. DES-extracted fig peel pectin (D-FP) exhibited better nature than hot water-extracted fig peel pectin (W-FP) in terms of uronic acid content, particle size distribution, and solubility, but lower molecular weight and esterification degree. D-FP and W-FP had similar infrared spectra and thermodynamic peaks but differed in monosaccharide compositions. D-FP also showed good antioxidant capacities and exhibited better functional activities than W-FP. CONCLUSION These results indicated that D-FP was of promising quality being utilized in food or medical industries and the optimal DES-assisted extraction method might be applied as a sustainable process for the effective extraction of bioactive pectin from fig peels with the excellence of low equipment requirements and simple operation. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jihui Lin
- School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yaowu Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hui Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hong Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Zong X, Lei N, Yin J, He W, Nie S, Xie M. Exploration and Improvement of Acid Hydrolysis Conditions for Inulin-Type Fructans Monosaccharide Composition Analysis: Monosaccharide Recovery and By-Product Identification. Foods 2024; 13:1241. [PMID: 38672913 PMCID: PMC11049111 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acid hydrolysis serves as the primary method for determining the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides. However, inappropriate acid hydrolysis conditions may catalyze the breakdown of monosaccharides such as fructans (Fru), generating non-sugar by-products that affect the accuracy of monosaccharide composition analysis. In this study, we determined the monosaccharide recovery rate and non-sugar by-product formation of inulin-type fructan (ITF) and Fru under varied acid hydrolysis conditions using HPAEC-PAD and UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS, respectively. The results revealed significant variations in the recovery rate of Fru within ITF under different hydrolysis conditions, while glucose remained relatively stable. Optimal hydrolysis conditions for achieving a relatively high monosaccharide recovery rate for ITF entailed 80 °C, 2 h, and 1 M sulfuric acid. Furthermore, we validated the stability of Fru during acid hydrolysis. The results indicated that Fru experienced significant degradation with an increasing temperature and acid concentration, with a pronounced decrease observed when the temperature exceeds 100 °C or the H2SO4 concentration surpasses 2 M. Finally, three common by-products associated with Fru degradation, namely 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde, and furfural, were identified in both Fru and ITF hydrolysis processes. These findings revealed that the degradation of Fru under acidic conditions was a vital factor leading to inaccuracies in determining the Fru content during ITF monosaccharide analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Weiwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (X.Z.); (S.N.); (M.X.)
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Adhikary ND, Bains A, Sridhar K, Kaushik R, Chawla P, Sharma M. Recent advances in plant-based polysaccharide ternary complexes for biodegradable packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126725. [PMID: 37678691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-based packaging has been directed toward the development of technologies for the generation of packaging with biodegradable materials that can serve as substitutes for conventional packaging. Polysaccharides are reliable sources of edible packaging materials with excellent renewability, biodegradability, and bio-compatibility as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Apart from these properties, packaging film developed from a single polysaccharide has various disadvantages due to undesirable properties. Thus, to overcome these problems, researchers focused on ternary blend-based bio-packaging instead of the primary and binary complex to improve their characteristics and properties. The review emphasizes the extraction of polysaccharides and their combination with other polymers to provide desirable characteristics and physico-mechanical properties of the biodegradable film which will upgrade the green packaging technology in the future generation This review also explores the advancement of ternary blend-based biodegradable film and their application in foods with different requirements and the future aspects for developing advanced biodegradable film. Moreover, the review concludes that cellulose, modified starch, and another plant-based polysaccharide film mostly provides good gas barrier property and better tensile strength, which can be used as a safeguard of perishable and semi-perishable foods which brings them closer to replacing commercial synthetic packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibedita Das Adhikary
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India.
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- CARAH ASBL, Rue Paul Pastur, 11, Ath - 7800, Belgium.
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Van Rooyen B, De Wit M, Osthoff G, Van Niekerk J, Hugo A. Effect of pH on the Mechanical Properties of Single-Biopolymer Mucilage ( Opuntia ficus-indica), Pectin and Alginate Films: Development and Mechanical Characterisation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4640. [PMID: 38139892 PMCID: PMC10747180 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectin and alginate are well-established biopolymers used in natural film development. Single-polymer mucilage films were developed from freeze-dried native mucilage powder of two cultivars, 'Algerian' and 'Morado', and the films' mechanical properties were compared to single-polymer pectin and alginate films developed from commercially available pectin and alginate powders. The casting method prepared films forming solutions at 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% (w/w) for each polymer. Considerable variations were observed in the films' strength and elasticity between the various films at different polymer concentrations. Although mucilage films could be produced at 5% (w/w), both cultivars could not produce films with a tensile strength (TS) greater than 1 MPa. Mucilage films, however, displayed > 20% elongation at break (%E) values, being noticeably more elastic than the pectin and alginate films. The mechanical properties of the various films were further modified by varying the pH of the film-forming solution. The various films showed increased TS and puncture force (PF) values, although these increases were more noticeable for pectin and alginate than mucilage films. Although single-polymer mucilage films exhibit the potential to be used in developing natural packaging, pectin and alginate films possess more suitable mechanical attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Van Rooyen
- Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Maryna De Wit
- Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Gernot Osthoff
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Johan Van Niekerk
- Department of Sustainable Food Systems and Development, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| | - Arno Hugo
- Department of Animal Science, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
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Mannai F, Mechi L, Alimi F, Alsukaibi AKD, Belgacem MN, Moussaoui Y. Biodegradable composite films based on mucilage from Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae): Microstructural, functional and thermal properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126456. [PMID: 37633555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of using cactus mucilage (CM) to elaborate biobased composite films blended with styrene-butadiene rubber latex (SBL). The CM was extracted and precipitated with ethanol (CMET) and isopropanol (CMIS). Mucilage-based films were formulated using three levels of mucilage (4, 6, and 8 wt%). The microstructure, thickness, moisture content, density, water contact angle, water vapor permeability, film solubility, thermal stability, and toughness of mucilage films blended with SBL (SBL/CMET and SBL/CMIS) were measured. The properties of mucilage-based films varied systematically, depending on the concentration of mucilage. The addition of SBL to CM film produces compatible, hydrophobic, flexible, and stiffer films with low moisture contents and good barrier properties. The mucilage film incorporated with 6 wt% CMET and CMIS reached the highest Young's modulus of 1512 ± 21 and 1988 ± 55 MPa, respectively. The DSC of produced films reveals that the Tg of SBL/CMIS is lower than that of SBL/CMIS. The synthesized films were structurally stable at high temperatures. The biodegradability of the composite films buried in the ground shows that the produced films are 100 % biodegradable after 40 days. Thus, CM blended with SBL can benefit specific applications, especially food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Mannai
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Laboratory for the Application of Materials to the Environment, Water, and Energy (LR21ES15), Gafsa 2112, Tunisia; University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia
| | - Lassaad Mechi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathi Alimi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Naceur Belgacem
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Laboratory of Process Engineering for Biorefinery, Bio-based Materials and Functional Printing, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Younes Moussaoui
- University of Gafsa, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa 2112, Tunisia; University of Sfax, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, Organic Chemistry Laboratory (LR17ES08), Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
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