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Bhaswant M, Miyazawa T, Abe C, Fukasawa R, Higuchi O, Nguyen Thi MT, Miyazawa T. Comparative analysis of macro- and micro-nutrients of Perilla frutescens var. crispa f. viridis microgreens and germinated seeds. Food Chem 2024; 455:139858. [PMID: 38850981 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of germinated seeds and microgreens derived from Perilla frutescens var. crispa f. viridis, hypothesizing that microgreens would exhibit higher concentrations of nutrients and bioactive compounds compared to their precursors. Perilla frutescens was chosen for its popularity and wide use in Asian cuisine. A series of analytical methods was employed to quantify and qualify various components. The findings indicate that germinated seeds exhibit significantly higher quantities of lipids, proteins, sugars, free amino acids, and minerals, whereas microgreens possess significantly high concentration of vitamins and polyphenols. These results provide valuable insights into the nutritional differences between germinated seeds and microgreens, highlighting their distinct contributions to diet. Specifically, incorporating germinated seeds can enhance macronutrient intake, while microgreens can boost antioxidant intake. These findings can inform the development of targeted dietary recommendations, promoting the inclusion of both germinated seeds and microgreens to meet specific nutritional needs and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maharshi Bhaswant
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 600119, India
| | - Taiki Miyazawa
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Chizumi Abe
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fukasawa
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8555, Japan; Department of Health and Nutrition, Tohoku Seikatsu Bunka University, Sendai 981-8585, Japan
| | - Ohki Higuchi
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Biodynamic Plant Institute Co. Ltd., Sapporo, Hokkaido 004-0015, Japan
| | - Minh Tu Nguyen Thi
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Dai Co Viet, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
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Starosta E, Jamruszka T, Szwarc J, Bocianowski J, Jędryczka M, Grynia M, Niemann J. DArTseq-Based, High-Throughput Identification of Novel Molecular Markers for the Detection of Blackleg ( Leptosphaeria Spp.) Resistance in Rapeseed. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8415. [PMID: 39125985 PMCID: PMC11313370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blackleg disease, caused by Leptosphaeria spp. fungi, is one of the most important diseases of Brassica napus, responsible for severe yield losses worldwide. Blackleg resistance is controlled by major R genes and minor quantitative trait loci (QTL). Due to the high adaptation ability of the pathogen, R-mediated resistance can be easily broken, while the resistance mediated via QTL is believed to be more durable. Thus, the identification of novel molecular markers linked to blackleg resistance for B. napus breeding programs is essential. In this study, 183 doubled haploid (DH) rapeseed lines were assessed in field conditions for resistance to Leptosphaeria spp. Subsequently, DArTseq-based Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) was performed to identify molecular markers linked to blackleg resistance. A total of 133,764 markers (96,121 SilicoDArT and 37,643 SNP) were obtained. Finally, nine SilicoDArT and six SNP molecular markers were associated with plant resistance to Leptosphaeria spp. at the highest significance level, p < 0.001. Importantly, eleven of these fifteen markers were found within ten genes located on chromosomes A06, A07, A08, C02, C03, C06 and C08. Given the immune-related functions of the orthologues of these genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, the identified markers hold great promise for application in rapeseed breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Starosta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Tomasz Jamruszka
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Justyna Szwarc
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-627 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Jędryczka
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Grynia
- IHAR Group, Borowo Department, Strzelce Plant Breeding Ltd., Borowo 35, 64-020 Czempiń, Poland;
| | - Janetta Niemann
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
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Kim H, Kim B. Osteogenic Protection against Fine Dust with Erucic Acid-Induced Exosomes. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:215. [PMID: 39194653 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15080215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Fine dust causes various disorders, including cardiovascular, neurological, renal, reproductive, motor, systemic, respiratory, and cancerous diseases. Therefore, it is essential to study functional materials to prevent these issues. This study investigated the beneficial effects of erucic acid against fine dust using methods such as miRNA profiling, quantitative PCR, flow cytometry, ELISA, and Alizarin O staining. Erucic acid effectively suppresses inflammation and upregulates osteogenic activators in fibroblasts exposed to fine dust. Additionally, erucic acid-induced exosomes (EIEs) strongly counteract the negative effects of fine dust on osteocytic differentiation and inflammation. Despite fine dust exposure, EIEs promoted osteocytic differentiation in adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and enhanced osteogenesis and phagocytosis in macrophages. The significant upregulation of RunX2 and BMP7 by EIEs indicates its strong role in osteocytic differentiation and protection against the effects of fine dust. EIEs also boosts immune activity and acts as an osteogenic trigger for macrophages. MicroRNA profiling revealed that EIEs dramatically upregulated miRNAs, including hsa-miRNA-1301-3p, hsa-miRNA-1908-5p, hsa-miRNA-423-5p, and hsa-miRNA-122-5p, which are associated with osteogenic differentiation and immunity. Therefore, EIEs show potential as biomaterials to prevent environment-borne diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyong Kim
- EVERBIO, 131, Jukhyeon-gil, Gwanghyewon-myeon, Jincheon-gun 27809, Republic of Korea
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4
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Liu Y, Ma D, Li Q, Liu L, Gao W, Xie Y, Wu C. High Levels of Erucic Acid Cause Lipid Deposition, Decreased Antioxidant and Immune Abilities via Inhibiting Lipid Catabolism and Increasing Lipogenesis in Black Carp ( Mylopharyngodon piceus). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2102. [PMID: 39061564 PMCID: PMC11273432 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary erucic acid (EA) on growth, lipid accumulation, antioxidant and immune abilities, and lipid metabolism in black carp fed six diets containing varying levels of EA (0.00%, 0.44%, 0.81%, 1.83%, 2.74%, and 3.49%), for 8 weeks. Results showed that fish fed the 3.49% EA diet exhibited lower weight gain, compared to those fed the 0.81% EA diet. In a dose-dependent manner, the serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly elevated in the EA groups. The 1.83%, 2.74%, and 3.49% levels of EA increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities, as well as decreased acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase values compared to the EA-deficient group. The hepatic catalase activity and transcriptional level were notably reduced, accompanied by increased hydrogen peroxide contents in the EA groups. Furthermore, dietary EA primarily increased the C22:1n-9 and C20:1n-9 levels, while decreasing the C18:0 and C18:1n-9 contents. In the EA groups, expressions of genes, including hsl, cpt1a, cpt1b, and ppara were downregulated, whereas the fas and gpat expressions were enhanced. Additionally, dietary EA elevated the mRNA level of il-1β and reduced the expression of il-10. Collectively, high levels of EA (2.74% and 3.49%) induced lipid accumulation, reduced antioxidative and immune abilities in black carp by inhibiting lipid catabolism and increasing lipogenesis. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the use of rapeseed oil rich in EA for black carp and other carnivorous fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China; (D.M.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (Y.X.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chenglong Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition (Zhejiang), Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, China; (D.M.); (Q.L.); (L.L.); (W.G.); (Y.X.)
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Lv J, Pan C, Cai Y, Han X, Wang C, Ma J, Pang J, Xu F, Wu S, Kou T, Ren F, Zhu ZJ, Zhang T, Wang J, Chen Y. Plasma metabolomics reveals the shared and distinct metabolic disturbances associated with cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5729. [PMID: 38977723 PMCID: PMC11231153 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Risk prediction for subsequent cardiovascular events remains an unmet clinical issue in patients with coronary artery disease. We aimed to investigate prognostic metabolic biomarkers by considering both shared and distinct metabolic disturbance associated with the composite and individual cardiovascular events. Here, we conducted an untargeted metabolomics analysis for 333 incident cardiovascular events and 333 matched controls. The cardiovascular events were designated as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction/stroke and heart failure. A total of 23 shared differential metabolites were associated with the composite of cardiovascular events. The majority were middle and long chain acylcarnitines. Distinct metabolic patterns for individual events were revealed, and glycerophospholipids alteration was specific to heart failure. Notably, the addition of metabolites to clinical markers significantly improved heart failure risk prediction. This study highlights the potential significance of plasma metabolites on tailed risk assessment of cardiovascular events, and strengthens the understanding of the heterogenic mechanisms across different events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Lv
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuping Cai
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- National Institute of Health Data Science, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaojiao Pang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianzhang Kou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fandong Ren
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jiali Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Ortiz-Sempértegui J, Ibieta G, Tullberg C, Peñarrieta JM, Linares-Pastén JA. Chemical Characterisation of New Oils Extracted from Cañihua and Tarwi Seeds with Different Organic Solvents. Foods 2024; 13:1982. [PMID: 38998488 PMCID: PMC11240921 DOI: 10.3390/foods13131982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vegetable oils are rich in health-beneficial compounds, including fatty acids, phenolic compounds, natural antioxidants, and fat-soluble vitamins. However, oil extraction methods can influence their composition. This study aims to understand the chemical basis for developing a green process to extract oils from two Andean seeds, cañihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule) and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis). Ethanol, considered a green solvent, is compared to petroleum ether used at the laboratory level and hexane used at the industrial scale for extracting oils. The extraction efficiency is assessed in terms of yield, fatty acids profile, polar and neutral lipids, tocopherols, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity. The chemical composition of edible commercial oils, such as sunflower, rapeseed, and olive oils, was used as a reference. Hexane had the highest extraction yield, followed by petroleum ether and ethanol. However, the oils extracted with ethanol having yields of tarwi 15.5% and cañihua 5.8%, w/w showed the significatively superior content of tocopherols (α, γ, and δ); phenolic compounds; and antioxidant capacity. In addition, ethanol-extracted (EE) oils have higher levels of polar lipids, such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol, than those extracted with the other solvents. Remarkably, EE oils presented comparable or slightly higher levels of monounsaturated fatty acids than those extracted with hexane. Finally, compared to the commercial oils, tarwi and cañihua EE oils showed lower but acceptable levels of oleic, linoleic and palmitic acids and a wider variety of fatty acids (10 and 13, respectively). The composition of tarwi and cañahua oils extracted with ethanol includes compounds associated with nutritional and health benefits, providing a sustainable alternative for oil production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Ortiz-Sempértegui
- Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220 La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Gabriela Ibieta
- Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220 La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Cecilia Tullberg
- Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering LTH, Lund University, P.O. Box 117, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - J. Mauricio Peñarrieta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas IIQ, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés UMSA, Av. Villazón N° 1995, 0201-0220 La Paz, Bolivia
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Axentii M, Codină GG. Exploring the Nutritional Potential and Functionality of Hemp and Rapeseed Proteins: A Review on Unveiling Anti-Nutritional Factors, Bioactive Compounds, and Functional Attributes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1195. [PMID: 38732410 PMCID: PMC11085551 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Plant-based proteins, like those derived from hemp and rapeseed can contribute significantly to a balanced diet and meet human daily nutritional requirements by providing essential nutrients such as protein, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. According to numerous recent research papers, the consumption of plant-based proteins has been associated with numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Plant-based diets are often lower in saturated fat and cholesterol and higher in fiber and phytonutrients, which can support overall health and well-being. Present research investigates the nutritional attributes, functional properties, and potential food applications of hemp and rapeseed protein for a potential use in new food-product development, with a certain focus on identifying anti-nutritional factors and bioactive compounds. Through comprehensive analysis, anti-nutritional factors and bioactive compounds were elucidated, shedding light on their impact on protein quality and digestibility. The study also delves into the functional properties of hemp and rapeseed protein, unveiling their versatility in various food applications. Insights from this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the nutritional value and functional potential of hemp and rapeseed protein, paving the way for their further utilization in innovative food products with enhanced nutritional value and notable health benefits.
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Raber J, Holden S, Kessler K, Glaeser B, McQuesten C, Chaudhari M, Stenzel F, Lenarczyk M, Leonard SW, Morré J, Choi J, Kronenberg A, Borg A, Kwok A, Stevens JF, Olsen C, Willey JS, Bobe G, Minnier J, Baker JE. Effects of photon irradiation in the presence and absence of hindlimb unloading on the behavioral performance and metabolic pathways in the plasma of Fischer rats. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1316186. [PMID: 38260101 PMCID: PMC10800373 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1316186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The space environment astronauts experience during space missions consists of multiple environmental challenges, including microgravity. In this study, we assessed the behavioral and cognitive performances of male Fisher rats 2 months after sham irradiation or total body irradiation with photons in the absence or presence of simulated microgravity. We analyzed the plasma collected 9 months after sham irradiation or total body irradiation for distinct alterations in metabolic pathways and to determine whether changes to metabolic measures were associated with specific behavioral and cognitive measures. Methods: A total of 344 male Fischer rats were irradiated with photons (6 MeV; 3, 8, or 10 Gy) in the absence or presence of simulated weightlessness achieved using hindlimb unloading (HU). To identify potential plasma biomarkers of photon radiation exposure or the HU condition for behavioral or cognitive performance, we performed regression analyses. Results: The behavioral effects of HU on activity levels in an open field, measures of anxiety in an elevated plus maze, and anhedonia in the M&M consumption test were more pronounced than those of photon irradiation. Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism and biosynthesis showed very strong pathway changes, following photon irradiation and HU in animals irradiated with 3 Gy. Here, 29 out of 101 plasma metabolites were associated with 1 out of 13 behavioral measures. In the absence of HU, 22 metabolites were related to behavioral and cognitive measures. In HU animals that were sham-irradiated or irradiated with 8 Gy, one metabolite was related to behavioral and cognitive measures. In HU animals irradiated with 3 Gy, six metabolites were related to behavioral and cognitive measures. Discussion: These data suggest that it will be possible to develop stable plasma biomarkers of behavioral and cognitive performance, following environmental challenges like HU and radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Departments of Neurology, and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sarah Holden
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kat Kessler
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Breanna Glaeser
- Neuroscience Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Chloe McQuesten
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Mitali Chaudhari
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Fiona Stenzel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Marek Lenarczyk
- Radiation Biosciences Laboratory, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Scott Willem Leonard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jeffrey Morré
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jaewoo Choi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Amy Kronenberg
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Alexander Borg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Andy Kwok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jan Frederik Stevens
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Christopher Olsen
- Neuroscience Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Department of Animal Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jessica Minnier
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Knight Cancer Institute Biostatistics Shared Resource, The Knight Cardiovascular Institute, OR Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - John E. Baker
- Neuroscience Center and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Goyal A, Dubey N, Verma A, Agrawal A. Erucic Acid: A Possible Therapeutic Agent for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:419-427. [PMID: 37165502 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230509123536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are among the most common life-threatening disorders among the elderly worldwide and are marked by neuronal death in the brain and spinal cord. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial role of dietary fatty acids in different brain disorders. This is due to their neurotrophic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, extensive evidence shows that an unbalanced intake of certain dietary fatty acids increases the risk of neuropsychiatric diseases. Several research has been done on erucic acid, an ingestible omega-9 fatty acid that is found in Lorenzo's oil. Erucic acid was previously thought to be a natural toxin because of its negative effects on heart muscle function and hepatic steatosis, but it has been discovered that erucic acid is regularly consumed in Asian countries through the consumption of cruciferous vegetables like mustard and rapeseed oil with no evidence of cardiac harm. Erucic acid can also be transformed into nervonic acid, a crucial element of myelin. Therefore, erucic acid may have remyelinating effects, which may be crucial for treating different demyelinating conditions. Also, erucic acid exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting its possible therapeutic role in different neurodegenerative disorders. Considering the fruitful effects of this compound, this article reviews the probable role of erucic acid as a pharmacological agent for treating and managing different neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nandini Dubey
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aanchal Verma
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anant Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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