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Vora LK, Gholap AD, Hatvate NT, Naren P, Khan S, Chavda VP, Balar PC, Gandhi J, Khatri DK. Essential oils for clinical aromatherapy: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118180. [PMID: 38614262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aromatherapy, a holistic healing practice utilizing the aromatic essences of plant-derived essential oils, has gained significant attention for its therapeutic potential in promoting overall well-being. Use of phytoconstituent based essential oil has played a significant role in the evolving therapeutic avenue of aromatherapy as a complementary system of medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY This comprehensive review article aims to explore the usage of essential oils for aromatherapy, shedding light on their diverse applications, scientific evidence, and safety considerations. Furthermore, the growing interest in using essential oils as complementary therapies in conjunction with conventional medicine is explored, underscoring the significance of collaborative healthcare approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature search was performed from databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Bentham using keywords like Aromatherapy, Aromatic Plants, Essential oils, Phytotherapy, and complementary medicine. The keywords were used to identify literature with therapeutic and mechanistic details of herbal agents with desired action. RESULTS The integration of traditional knowledge with modern scientific research has led to a renewed interest in essential oils as valuable tools in contemporary healthcare. Various extraction methods used to obtain essential oils are presented, emphasizing their impact on the oil's chemical composition and therapeutic properties. Additionally, the article scrutinizes the factors influencing the quality and purity of essential oils, elucidating the significance of standardization and certification for safe usage. A comprehensive assessment of the therapeutic effects of essential oils is provided, encompassing their potential as antimicrobial, analgesic, anxiolytic, and anti-inflammatory agents, among others. Clinical trials and preclinical studies are discussed to consolidate the existing evidence on their efficacy in treating diverse health conditions, both physical and psychological. Safety considerations are of paramount importance when employing essential oils, and this review addresses potential adverse effects, contraindications, and best practices to ensure responsible usage. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the exploration of essential oils for aromatherapy, emphasizing their potential as natural and potent remedies for a wide range of ailments. By amalgamating traditional wisdom and modern research, this article aims to encourage further investigation into the therapeutic benefits of essential oils while advocating for their responsible and evidence-based incorporation into healthcare practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitkumar K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Amol D Gholap
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar, 401404, Maharashtra, India
| | - Navnath T Hatvate
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus, Jalna, 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Padmashri Naren
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Sabiya Khan
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
| | - Pankti C Balar
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jimil Gandhi
- Pharmacy Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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de Sousa P Barros L, de Jesus ENS, da L Froz MJ, Silva RC, da Silva PIC, de Lima AB, Freitas JJS, Mourão RHV, Setzer WN, da Silva JKR, Negrão JNC, Figueiredo PLB. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of Ayapana triplinervis essential oil rich in thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether from Brazil. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01533-9. [PMID: 39039347 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Ayapana triplinervis (M.Vahl) R.M.King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae), popularly known as japana, is a tropical, aromatic subshrub widely used as tea to combat some diseases. The essential oil was obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation (3 h), and the chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. For in vivo assays, Mus musculus/Swiss mice were used to evaluate oral acute toxicological (at dose of 2000 mg/kg); peripheral and central analgesic for abdominal contortion (doses of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg), hot plate test (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) and formalin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg); open field test (100 mg/kg); and anti-inflammatory by ear swelling induced by xylene (6.25,12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). The yield of A. triplinervis essential oil (AtEO) was 4.6%, and the oxygenated monoterpene 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene was the major compound in this study (63.6%). AtEO at a dose of 2,000 mg/kg orally did not change the behavior patterns or mortality of the animals; liver and kidney biochemical levels were similar to the control group, indicating no liver and kidney toxicity. Moreover, AtEO, at doses of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, reduced abdominal contortions by 21%, 54%, 91%, 58%, and 55%, respectively. In the hot plate test, AtEO showed a significant increase in latency time in the 60-min interval at doses of 25 mg/kg (11.3 ± 3.3 s) and 100 mg/kg (11.9 ± 0.9 s). In the first phase of the formalin test, AtEO decreased paw licking time at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, with inhibition of 22%, 38%, and 83%; in the second phase, the same doses, decreased licking time with inhibition of 24%, 34%, and 76%. AtEO did not present a significant change in the spontaneous locomotor activity of the animals. Doses of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg significantly reduced ear edema induced by topical application of xylene with percentages of 40%, 39%, 54%, 45%, and 45%, respectively. So, AtEO demonstrated low acute oral toxicity and exhibited significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions, consistent with the use of A. triplinervis in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana de Sousa P Barros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil
| | - Ellen Nayara Silva de Jesus
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil
| | - Maria Juliana da L Froz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
- Laboratório de Química Dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil
| | - Renata Cunha Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil
| | - Pedro Iuri C da Silva
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil
| | - Anderson B de Lima
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil
| | - Jofre Jacob S Freitas
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil
| | - Rosa Helena V Mourão
- Laboratório de Bioprospecção E Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, Santarém, 68035-110, Brazil
| | - William N Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT, 84043, USA
| | - Joyce Kelly R da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-900, Brazil
| | - José Nazareno C Negrão
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia Aplicada a Saúde, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66087-670, Brazil
| | - Pablo Luis B Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Química Dos Produtos Naturais, Universidade Do Estado Do Pará, Belém, 66095-015, Brazil.
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Lanave G, Catella C, Catalano A, Lucente MS, Pellegrini F, Fracchiolla G, Diakoudi G, Palmisani J, Trombetta CM, Martella V, Camero M. Assessing the virucidal activity of essential oils against feline calicivirus, a non-enveloped virus used as surrogate of norovirus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30492. [PMID: 38711631 PMCID: PMC11070907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Norovirus (NoV) causes serious gastrointestinal disease worldwide and is regarded as an important foodborne pathogen. Due the difficulties of in vitro cultivation for human NoV, alternative caliciviruses (i.e., feline calicivirus, FCV, or murine NoV) have long been used as surrogates for in vitro assessment of the efficacy of antivirals. Essential oils (EOs) are natural compounds that have displayed antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. We report in vitro the virucidal efficacy of four EOs, Melissa officinalis L. EO (MEO), Thymus vulgaris L. EO (TEO), Rosmarinus officinalis L. EO (REO), and Salvia officinalis L. EO (SEO) against FCV at different time contacts (10, 30 min, 1, 4 and 8 h). At the maximum non-cytotoxic concentration and at 10- and 100- fold concentrations over the cytotoxic threshold, the EOs did not decrease significantly FCV viral titers. However, MEO at 12,302.70 μg/mL exhibited a significant efficacy decreasing the viral titer by 0.75 log10 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose (TCID50)/50 μl after 10 min as compared to virus control. In this study, virucidal activity of four EOs against FCV, was investigated. A lack of virucidal efficacy of TEO, REO and SEO at different compound concentrations and time contacts against FCV was observed whilst MEO was able to significantly decrease FCV titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Cristiana Catella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Lucente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pellegrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Georgia Diakoudi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Jolanda Palmisani
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Maria Trombetta
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
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Nishimura Y, Nomiyama K, Okamoto S, Igarashi M, Sato Y, Okamoto H, Kamezaki A, Itadani M, Kuribayashi F, Yamauchi A. Anti-fatigue activity of methyl dihydrojasmonate and linalool in a rat model evaluated by a novel index for neuro-immune and oxidative stress interactions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10650. [PMID: 38724532 PMCID: PMC11082212 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Avoiding fatigue is a long-standing challenge in both healthy and diseased individuals. Establishing objective standard markers of fatigue is essential to evaluate conditions in spatiotemporally different locations and individuals and identify agents to fight against fatigue. Herein, we introduced a novel method for evaluating fatigue using nervous system markers (including dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline), various cytokine levels (such as interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, IL-10, IL-2, IL-5 and IL-17A), and oxidative stress markers (such as diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites [d-ROMs] and biological antioxidant potential [BAP]) in a rat fatigue model. Using this method, the anti-fatigue effects of methyl dihydrojasmonate (MDJ) and linalool, the fragrance/flavor compounds used in various products, were assessed. Our method evaluated the anti-fatigue effects of the aforementioned compounds based on the changes in levels of the nerves system markers, cytokines, and oxidative stress markers. MDJ exerted more potent anti-fatigue effects than linalool. In conclusion, the reported method could serve as a useful tool for fatigue studies and these compounds may act as effective therapeutic agents for abrogating fatigue symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuichiro Okamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | | | - Yukino Sato
- Shiono Koryo Kaisha, LTD, Osaka, 532-0033, Japan
| | | | - Ayasa Kamezaki
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Masumi Itadani
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Futoshi Kuribayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan.
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Pachimsawat P, Tammayan M, Do TKA, Jantaratnotai N. The Use of Coffee Aroma for Stress Reduction in Postgraduate Dental Students. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00105-9. [PMID: 38677970 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the potential reduction of academic stress related to a graded oral presentation in postgraduate dental students using coffee aromatherapy. METHODS Healthy postgraduate dental students in a seminar class were divided into coffee (n = 32) and control (n = 26) groups. There were 3 modes of aroma distribution: personal distribution with a coffee pad attached to a lanyard, a lanyard plus a personal fan for ventilation of the aroma, and the typical method of the diffuser to spread the aroma in the ambient air. Stress markers comprised levels of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), cortisol (sCort), and chromogranin A (sCgA). Pulse rates were also measured. RESULTS Levels of sAA increased 176.62% ± 30.26% between pre- and postpresentation in the control group. Inhaling coffee aroma during the presentation period significantly ameliorated sAA increase at 81.02% ± 14.90% (P = .015). sCort levels tended to decrease in the coffee group, but not significantly. Surprisingly, sCgA levels increased more in the coffee group. Also, pulse rates decreased in the coffee group (-2.07 ± 2.81 bpm) and increased in the control group (6.90 ± 3.22 bpm; P = .035). Subgroup analysis did not reveal differences in salivary markers amongst the 3 aroma distribution modes. CONCLUSIONS Coffee aroma could have an anxiolytic effect on postgraduate dental students, as evidenced by changes in sAA levels and pulse rates. Personal aroma distribution was also a useful and effective mode of aromatherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praewpat Pachimsawat
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Manita Tammayan
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thi Kim Anh Do
- Department of Advanced General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at HCM City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Afghan R, Heysieattalab S, Zangbar HS, Ebrahimi-Kalan A, Jafari-Koshki T, Samadzadehaghdam N. Lavender Essential Oil Inhalation Improves Attentional Shifting and Accuracy: Evidence from Dynamic Changes of Cognitive Flexibility and Power Spectral Density of Electroencephalogram Signals. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2024; 14:12. [PMID: 38993201 PMCID: PMC11111129 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_57_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Cognitive flexibility, a vital component of executive function, entails the utilization of extended brain networks. Olfactory stimulation has been shown to influence various brain functions, particularly cognitive performance. Method To investigate aroma inhalation's effects on brain activity dynamics associated with cognitive flexibility, 20 healthy adults were recruited to complete a set-shifting task during two experimental conditions: no aroma stimuli vs. lavender essential oil inhalation. Using Thomson's multitaper approach, the normalized power spectral density (NPSD) was assessed for five frequency bands. Results Findings confirm that aroma inhalation significantly affects behavioral indices (i.e., reaction time (RT) and response accuracy) and electroencephalogram (EEG) signatures, especially in the frontal lobe. Participants showed a tremendous increase in theta and alpha NPSD, associated with relaxation, along with beta NPSD, associated with clear and fast thinking after inhaling the aroma. NPSD of the delta band, an indicator of the unconscious mind, significantly decreased when stimulated with lavender essential oil. Further, participants exhibited shorter RT and more accurate responses following aroma inhalation. Conclusion Our findings revealed significant changes in oscillatory power and behavioral performance after aroma inhalation, providing neural evidence that olfactory stimulation with lavender essential oil may facilitate cognitive flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Afghan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Soltani Zangbar
- Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan
- Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Jafari-Koshki
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadzadehaghdam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Bailard N, Cukierman DS, Guerra-Londono JJ, Brown E, Hagberg C, Sauer A, Cata JP. Use of a Combination Lavender/Peppermint Aromatherapy Patch During Port Catheter Placement Under Monitored Anesthesia Care Does Not Reduce Time to Discharge Readiness: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024. [PMID: 38502819 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Intraoperative anxiety is a common problem when Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) is used instead of general anesthesia during minor surgical procedures such as port catheter placement. Nonpharmacological anxiolytics such as aromatherapy have been studied for their effects on preoperative anxiety, but no placebo-controlled study of aromatherapy during surgeries under MAC has yet been performed. Methods: After IRB approval, 70 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either a lavender/peppermint aromatherapy patch (Elequil Aromatabs®; Beekley Corporation) or a matching placebo patch. The primary outcome, time to readiness for discharge from postoperative acute care units (PACU; min), was assessed every 15 min until a modified postanesthesia recovery score for ambulatory patients (PARSAP) score of 18 or higher was reached. In the preoperative holding area, the assigned patch/placebo was activated and affixed to a folded towel placed aside the subject's head, contralateral to the side of the planned surgery. The towel and patch/placebo were discarded when the subject left the operating room (OR). Results: No difference was found between the treatment and placebo groups on the primary outcome of time to discharge readiness (mean [standard deviation, SD]: 82 [15] vs. 89 [21] min, respectively, p = 0.131). No difference was found between the treatment and placebo groups on the secondary outcomes of intraoperative midazolam dose, intraoperative opioid dose, intraoperative ondansetron dose, or intraoperative promethazine dose. No difference was found between the treatment and placebo groups in the proportion of subjects requiring rescue postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) medication in the PACU or the proportion of subjects requiring opioids in the PACU. No difference was found between the treatment and placebo groups in pain intensity in PACU, average PONV score in PACU, or patient satisfaction in PACU. PACU patient satisfaction was high for both the patch and placebo groups (35/35 [100%] vs. 32/34 [94%] "very satisfied," p = 0.239). Conclusions: Aromatherapy treatment is not indicated intraoperatively to reduce anxiety or the use of antiemetics in patients requiring Port catheter placement. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT05328973.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Bailard
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel S Cukierman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" University Hospital (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan J Guerra-Londono
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" University Hospital (CEMIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ervin Brown
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carin Hagberg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrea Sauer
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Juan P Cata
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Anesthesiology and Surgical Oncology Research Group, Houston, TX, USA
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Cebollada P, Gomes NGM, Andrade PB, López V. An integrated in vitro approach on the enzymatic and antioxidant mechanisms of four commercially available essential oils ( Copaifera officinalis, Gaultheria fragrantissima, Helichrysum italicum, and Syzygium aromaticum) traditionally used topically for their anti-inflammatory effects. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1310439. [PMID: 38371914 PMCID: PMC10871035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1310439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the increasing number of essential oils being reported on their potential therapeutic effects, some remain relatively unknown on their biological properties. That is the case of the essential oils obtained from copaiba (Copaifera officinalis L.), wintergreen (Gaultheria fragrantissima Wall.), everlasting (Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G.Don) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry), commonly labelled as being useful on the amelioration of conditions with an inflammatory background. Methods: To further broaden the current knowledge on the four essential oils, commercially available samples were approached on their effects upon a series of mediators that are involved on the inflammatory and oxidative response, both through in vitro cell-free and cell-based assays (5-lipoxygenase activity, lipid peroxidation, free radical and nitric oxide radical scavenging properties or tyrosinase inhibition). Results: The four oils proved to be active at some of the concentrations tested in most of the performed assays. Significant differences were found between the essential oils, S. aromaticum proving to tbe the most active, followed by G. fragrantissima against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and linoleic acid peroxidation, proving their potential use as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. In fact, the IC50 value of S. aromaticum in the 5-LOX assay was 62.30 μg mL-1. Besides S. aromaticum efficiently scavenged superoxide radicals generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase, displaying an IC50 value of 135.26 μg mL-1. The essential oil obtained from H. italicum exhibited a significant decrease in the nitric oxide levels on BV-2 cells, showing its potential as a cytoprotective agent against toxic damage. Copaiba oil ranked first as the most potent tyrosinase inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 98.22 μg mL-1. Conclusion: More studies are needed to describe the essential oils properties, but these results confirm the potential of these essential oils as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Cebollada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nelson G. M. Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2, CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Larit F, León F. Therapeutics to Treat Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders: A Promising Perspective from Algerian Traditional Medicine. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3860. [PMID: 38005756 PMCID: PMC10674704 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Ancient people sought out drugs in nature to prevent, cure, and treat their diseases, including mental illnesses. Plants were their primary source for meeting their healthcare needs. In Algeria, folk medicine remains a fundamental part of the local intangible knowledge. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive ethnomedicinal investigation and documentation of medicinal plants and the different plant formulations traditionally used in Algeria for the treatment of pain, psychiatric, and neurological disorders. It also intends to improve the current knowledge of Algerian folk medicine. Several scientific databases were used to accomplish this work. Based on this investigation, we identified 82 plant species belonging to 69 genera and spanning 38 distinct botanical families used as remedies to treat various psychological and neurological conditions. Their traditional uses and methods of preparation, along with their phytochemical composition, main bioactive constituents, and toxicity were noted. Therefore, this review provides a new resource of information on Algerian medicinal plants used in the treatment and management of neurological and psychological diseases, which can be useful not only for the documentation and conservation of traditional knowledge, but also for conducting future phytochemical and pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Larit
- Laboratoire d’Obtention de Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Université Frères Mentouri-Constantine 1, Route de Ain El Bey, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Francisco León
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
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10
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Lim XY, Li J, Yin HM, He M, Li L, Zhang T. Stabilization of Essential Oil: Polysaccharide-Based Drug Delivery System with Plant-like Structure Based on Biomimetic Concept. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3338. [PMID: 37631395 PMCID: PMC10457915 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have stability problems, including volatility, oxidation, photosensitivity, heat sensitivity, humidity sensitivity, pH sensitivity, and ion sensitivity. A drug delivery system is an effective way to stabilize EOs, especially due to the protective effect of polymeric drug carriers. Polysaccharides are frequently employed as drug carrier materials because they are highly safe, come in a variety of forms, and have plentiful sources. Interestingly, the EO drug delivery system is based on the biomimetic concept since it corresponds to the structure of plant tissue. In this paper, we associate the biomimetic plant-like structures of the EO drug delivery system with the natural forms of EO in plant tissues, and summarize the characteristics of polysaccharide-based drug carriers for EO protection. Thus, we highlight the research progress on polysaccharides and their modified materials, including gum arabic, starch, cellulose, chitosan, sodium alginate, pectin, and pullulan, and their use as biomimetic drug carriers for EO preparations due to their abilities and potential for EO protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yee Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.-Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.-Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Hong-Mei Yin
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China;
| | - Mu He
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China;
| | - Ling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.-Y.L.); (J.L.)
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.-Y.L.); (J.L.)
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11
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de Sousa DP, Damasceno ROS, Amorati R, Elshabrawy HA, de Castro RD, Bezerra DP, Nunes VRV, Gomes RC, Lima TC. Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1144. [PMID: 37509180 PMCID: PMC10377445 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the main mechanisms of pharmacological action of essential oils and their components in various biological systems. A brief introduction on essential oil chemistry is presented to better understand the relationship of chemical aspects with the bioactivity of these products. Next, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities are discussed. The mechanisms of action against various types of viruses are also addressed. The data show that the multiplicity of pharmacological properties of essential oils occurs due to the chemical diversity in their composition and their ability to interfere with biological processes at cellular and multicellular levels via interaction with various biological targets. Therefore, these natural products can be a promising source for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damião P de Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Renan Oliveira S Damasceno
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center of Biosciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Riccardo Amorati
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Hatem A Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
| | - Ricardo D de Castro
- Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel P Bezerra
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
| | - Vitória Regina V Nunes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Rebeca C Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
| | - Tamires C Lima
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Brazil
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